Riaz Raja - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Riaz Raja

Journal of Ayub Medical College, 2010

Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They ca... more Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They can present with a vast array of symptoms and cause severe neurological deficits. With advent and frequent use of MRI more and more patients with IMSCT are picked up. By using modern microsurgical techniques better surgical outcome is achieved. The Objective was to analyse the surgical outcome of the patients with intramedullary Spinal Tumour operated at Ayub Teaching Hospital (ATH). Abbottabad. Eighteen patients with IMSCT who presented at Neurosurgery Unit. ATH. Abbottabad during 2000-2010 were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of MRI. They were operated using standard microsurgical techniques. Patients were followed up for a mean duration of 18 months after surgery and their preoperative and postoperative neurological status was analysed. Patients with age group ranging from 15-50 (37.72 +/- 8.94) years with IMSCT were operated. Sixty-one percent of the patien...

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDORSING HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH (IJEHSR), 2017

32 Pakistani Media Users: From Political information Repertoires to Political Participation Dr. I... more 32 Pakistani Media Users: From Political information Repertoires to Political Participation Dr. Ifra Iftikhar*, Sohail Riaz Raja & Sumera Khalid Chairperson, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Comsats University, Lahore, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Women University, Multan, Pakistan Corresponding Author: Dr. Ifra Iftikhar, E-mail: ifraiftikhar@gmail.com

Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) acts as a station for critically ill patients referred fo... more Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) acts as a station for critically ill patients referred form different medical disciplines for rigorous observation and intervention for a potentially curable disease. In Pakistan, a previous study showed the mortality to be16.1% in one year. We conducted this study to record the data of patients admitted to our ICU regarding the medical conditions requiring such admission, and the outcome. Methodology: As a descriptive study, the data were collected from main ICU of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. Every patient referred from different medical disciplines for admission in the ICU, for a period of four months, from July to October 2018,was included in the study. The data were taken from the registration logs of ICU and were entered into a specially prepared datasheet. Statistical analysis was done and the results given as means, percentages or ranges, as appropriate. Results: A total of 503 patients were admitted, with a female prepondera...

International Journal of Management, IT, and Engineering, 2015

This research paper attempts to accomplish a comprehensive investigation on Banks in particular a... more This research paper attempts to accomplish a comprehensive investigation on Banks in particular and financial institutions in general which take far-reaching advantage of information technology however, these financial institutions are risk-avoiding and reluctant to innovative information technology adaptation. Therefore, they are sluggish to accept new technological innovations for implementation in financial systems. This research paper discovers how the IEDF model of object oriented investigation and design can be utilized to strengthen, secure, faster and smoothing the financial institutions and banking by utilizing information technology. In addition, similarities and resemblances are recognized among the diverse financial instruments which are utilized by financial intuitions &banks and then to explore these comparisons in a proposal for an object oriented approach to banking information Technology. This study shows how this transition can be utilized flawlessly for adopting t...

У статті автор розглядає необхідність формування у старшокласників діалогічних умінь та роль діал... more У статті автор розглядає необхідність формування у старшокласників діалогічних умінь та роль діалогу в процесі навчання. Завдяки діалогічним умінням учні старшої школи вчаться самостійно мислити, висловлювати свої думки та налагоджувати стосунки з іншими.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDORSING HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH (IJEHSR), Dec 1, 2017

Background: Extradural hematoma (EDH), and acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) are common pathologies ... more Background: Extradural hematoma (EDH), and acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) are common pathologies encountered in neurosurgical emergencies following traumatic injuries usually secondary to road traffic accident, assault and fall. Both extradural hematoma and acute subdural hematoma have dreadful effects on patient's health if not managed properly and timely and even lead to death. The standard treatment for such problems is conventional large craniotomy under general anesthesia to prevent fatal outcomes. Method: We have presented a case of ASDH with EDH in a patient having history of large ventricular septal defect and due to large ventricular septal defect patient had delay in getting fitness and alongside patient had fallen Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) which encouraged surgeon to perform the surgery under local anesthesia by following Peer Regimen. Results: The outcome of case turned fruitful and providing possibility of Local anesthesia (Peer Regimen) as an alternate in case of critical emergency to save life of patient. Conclusion: Acute Subdural hematoma with either concomitant ventricular septal defect or alone can evacuated safely under local anesthesia using Peer regimen. Further studies should be carried to know the more benefits of procedure and potential hazards of procedure and to improve outcome from this lethal type of brain injury.

The study aimed to test tractor mounted rotary disc fertilizer spreader with two ground speeds in... more The study aimed to test tractor mounted rotary disc fertilizer spreader with two ground speeds in order to obtain higher field capacity with required spreading uniformity. The spreader was calibrated at a rate of 250 Kg Urea ha-1. Spreader was calibrated by using weighed amount of fertilizer in hopper and re-weighing remaining amount after running spreader over test strip of known area. Spreader was tested over area of 1000 m2 for its performance at two different ground speeds. At 4.23 km hr-1ground speed, with fertilizer application rate of 250 kg ha-1, effective field capacity was 2.78 ha hr-1 with field efficiency of 71.28%, fuel consumption of 1.11 Liters ha-1 and CV of fertilizer samples was 20.82%.While at 8 km hr-1ground speed with fertilizer rate of 250 kg ha-1 field capacity was measured as 5.33 ha hr-1with field efficiency 73.11% and a fuel consumption of 1.64 Liters ha-1 with 21.73% CV of fertilizer samples. Data were analyzed using Gnumeric 1.12 software .Aspect ratio of...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum is a pathological condition that causes neurological symptom... more Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum is a pathological condition that causes neurological symptom (radiculopathy and / or myelopathy) and usually occurs in the thoracic,2 less frequently in the cervical spine that commonly involves thoracic spine. This study was conducted to analyse the clinical presentation and outcome of surgery of ossified ligamentum flavum at thoracic spine. This case series was conducted at Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, from January 2010 to December 2012. Patients who presented with thoracic myelopathy due to ossified ligamentum flavum were included. All the patients, after detailed history, clinical examination and radiological investigation under went decompressive laminectomy at the appropriate level. Pre-operative, post-operative and neurolog'ifti', 06 months follow up was recorded. The patients having thoracic myelopathy due to other causes were excluded from the study. SPSS-10 was used to a...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Encephalocele is the protrusion of the cranial contents beyond the normal confines of the skull t... more Encephalocele is the protrusion of the cranial contents beyond the normal confines of the skull through a defect in the calvarium and is far less common than spinal dysraphism. The exact world wide frequency is not known. A substantial proportion of children especially those born with a large encephaloceles are physically and intellectually disabled. Our objective of this descriptive case series was to determine the patterns and surgical outcomes in various types of encephalocele in our setting. The study was carried at Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan during year 2005 to 2007. Patients with encephalocele (occipital, Scincipital, parietal) admitted during year 2005 to 2007 were evaluated for their clinical features. Complete base line investigations were performed including ultrasound, CT scan and MRI of brain. Other congenital anomalies were also noted in record. Written consent was taken. Operative and postoperative records were ma...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

The purpose of descriptive case series study was to see the conservative and surgical outcome in ... more The purpose of descriptive case series study was to see the conservative and surgical outcome in respect of neurological improvement, sphincter functions and early ambulation in cases of traumatic thoracolumbar injuries in a tertiary care hospital. This was a hospital based prospective study comprised of 50 thoracolumbar injury cases registered during the period of 1 year from September 2005 to September 2006. All cases were evaluated for their clinical features. During initial phase, level and degree of neurological injury was assessed using Frankle grades. Operative and postoperative record with x-rays and MRI were maintained. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 12 months with clinical and radiological assessment. A total of 50 cases were registered, 43 (86%) were males and 7 (14%) were females. Fall was the most common cause of injury (92%). The most common level involved was L1 (46%). The 2nd common site of injury was T12 (12%). The treatment given was conservative in 42.55%, and sur...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Cervical radiculopathy is a common and distressing problem. Only those patients who failed conser... more Cervical radiculopathy is a common and distressing problem. Only those patients who failed conservative treatment should undergo surgery. The anterior cervical disectomy is the procedure which offers maximal exposure of the disc space. It easily removes the portion of disc which compresses the nerve root. Possibility of developing late kyphosis from disc space collapse supported the fusion procedure after single level disectomy. The goal of instrumentation is to provide immediate stability, increase fusion rate, prevent graft failure, improve rehabilitation process and possibly no need for external orthosis. Objective of study was To see the results and complications of cervical disectomy thru anterior approach and fusion and stabilisation with titanium made plate. This was a prospective study, comprised of 32 patients admitted during period from 2005-2008. Patients presented with radiculopathy or radiculo-myelopathy were evaluated. MRI was carried out in all the cases. Each patient...

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1992

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They ca... more Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They can present with a vast array of symptoms and cause severe neurological deficits. With advent and frequent use of MRI more and more patients with IMSCT are picked up. By using modern microsurgical techniques better surgical outcome is achieved. The Objective was to analyse the surgical outcome of the patients with intramedullary Spinal Tumour operated at Ayub Teaching Hospital (ATH). Abbottabad. Eighteen patients with IMSCT who presented at Neurosurgery Unit. ATH. Abbottabad during 2000-2010 were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of MRI. They were operated using standard microsurgical techniques. Patients were followed up for a mean duration of 18 months after surgery and their preoperative and postoperative neurological status was analysed. Patients with age group ranging from 15-50 (37.72 +/- 8.94) years with IMSCT were operated. Sixty-one percent of the patien...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

There is a controversy regarding the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Most of patients with l... more There is a controversy regarding the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Most of patients with lumbar disc herniation and radiculopathy improve with rest and medicine. Lumbar disc surgery gives rapid relief to the patients with severe root pain in legs. This study was conducted to see the risks and benefits of surgery in single level symptomatic lumbar disc disease. This prospective study was conducted in Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro during 2007-2009. Patients with severe leg pain, positive straight leg raising, and confirmed disc extrusion on imaging were included and conventional open discectomy was performed. Patients were followed up for one year after the surgery. Forty-five patients were operated for lumbar root pain due to a single disc. Most common disc involved was L4-5 and discectomy was performed. Recurrence of disc occurred in 4 patients. Proper selection of patients is necessary for excellent postoperative resu...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in all age group. The incidence of CSI... more Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in all age group. The incidence of CSI increases with the severity of TBI so prompt care of cervical spine is necessary in all patients with moderate to severe head injury. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of cervical injury in patients with moderate to severe head injury and different types of trauma. This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in department of Neurosurgery Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad from October 2011 to October 2012. A total of 369 patients were included in this study by consecutive (non probability) sampling. All patients were subjected to X-rays and CT-Scan of the skull for evaluation of head injury. X-rays and CT scan with MRI of cervical spine were done for evaluation of cervical spinal injury. A total of 369 patients were included in our study, out of which 276 (74.8%) were males and 93 (25.2%) were females. Age of the patients ranged from 3-90) years with mean...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Hydrocephalus is the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles and subar... more Hydrocephalus is the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces, resulting in increased intracranial pressure. The treatment of choice is placement of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage is not an uncommon complication. Objective of the study was to find out the frequency, causes and site of ventriculoperitoneal blockage and to compare it with other studies. This case series study was conducted at Department of Neurosurgery Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, from April 2008 to March 2012. The records of 53 patients between 40 days to 45 years age presenting with blocked ventriculoperitoneal shunt were included. All the patients underwent thorough clinical examination and radiological investigations, and shunt revision done. The retrieved data was collected on proforma. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical data. Out of 53 patients 28 were males, 25 patients were females. Age of pati...

Surgical Neurology International, 2011

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of anterior cervical decompression, fusion and titanium plate... more Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of anterior cervical decompression, fusion and titanium plate fixation in sub axial cervical spine injuries in respect of neurological outcome, postoperative stability and early rehabilitation. The Descriptive case series study was conducted at

Neurosurgery, 2008

Fourth ventricular outlet obstruction (FVOO), an uncommon cause of obstructive hydrocephalus, is ... more Fourth ventricular outlet obstruction (FVOO), an uncommon cause of obstructive hydrocephalus, is most commonly associated with prior intraventricular hemorrhage or intraventricular infection in children. There have been few reports of FVOO in an adult population. Twenty-two patients with FVOO treated with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) were analyzed retrospectively. Of the 22 patients, 10 were younger than 2 years, 6 were between 2 and 18 years, and 6 were older than 18 years of age. Predisposing factors included tubercular meningitis (1 patient), ventriculitis (2 patients), and intraventricular hemorrhage (3 patients). Twelve patients (mostly >2 years of age) had no prior significant history. The third ventricular floor and the adhesions in the basal cisterns were individually graded (I-IV). An inflamed floor was encountered in 3 patients. ETV was successfully performed in 20 patients. Fourth ventricular exploration was carried out in 5 patients, with outlet membrane fenestration in 2 patients. The follow-up period was 1 to 8 years (mean, 4.2 years). The ETV failed in 7 patients, requiring shunt insertion. The overall success rate was 65%; 91% success was achieved in patients who were more than 2 years of age, whereas the procedure failed in all patients younger than 6 months of age. The cerebrospinal fluid yielded a positive bacterial culture (1 patient), antitubercular antibody (1 patient), anticysticercal antibody (1 patient), and cryptococcosis (1 patient). With a successful procedure, lateral ventricular size was reduced in all patients, whereas fourth ventricular size decreased in 12 patients. The extent of adhesions in the basal cisterns directly correlated with failure. None of the patients demonstrated isolated fourth ventricle on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging. In 4 of the 7 patients with failure, endoscopic exploration was performed, and a patent stoma was observed in all of these patients. ETV is a viable option for treatment of patients with FVOO. The high failure rate in infants younger than 6 months of age suggests that ventriculoperitoneal shunting is a favorable option in this age group, rather than ETV. Isolated fourth ventricle is uncommon after ETV in hydrocephalus attributable to FVOO.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, 2010

Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They ca... more Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They can present with a vast array of symptoms and cause severe neurological deficits. With advent and frequent use of MRI more and more patients with IMSCT are picked up. By using modern microsurgical techniques better surgical outcome is achieved. The Objective was to analyse the surgical outcome of the patients with intramedullary Spinal Tumour operated at Ayub Teaching Hospital (ATH). Abbottabad. Eighteen patients with IMSCT who presented at Neurosurgery Unit. ATH. Abbottabad during 2000-2010 were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of MRI. They were operated using standard microsurgical techniques. Patients were followed up for a mean duration of 18 months after surgery and their preoperative and postoperative neurological status was analysed. Patients with age group ranging from 15-50 (37.72 +/- 8.94) years with IMSCT were operated. Sixty-one percent of the patien...

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDORSING HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH (IJEHSR), 2017

32 Pakistani Media Users: From Political information Repertoires to Political Participation Dr. I... more 32 Pakistani Media Users: From Political information Repertoires to Political Participation Dr. Ifra Iftikhar*, Sohail Riaz Raja & Sumera Khalid Chairperson, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Comsats University, Lahore, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Women University, Multan, Pakistan Corresponding Author: Dr. Ifra Iftikhar, E-mail: ifraiftikhar@gmail.com

Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) acts as a station for critically ill patients referred fo... more Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) acts as a station for critically ill patients referred form different medical disciplines for rigorous observation and intervention for a potentially curable disease. In Pakistan, a previous study showed the mortality to be16.1% in one year. We conducted this study to record the data of patients admitted to our ICU regarding the medical conditions requiring such admission, and the outcome. Methodology: As a descriptive study, the data were collected from main ICU of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. Every patient referred from different medical disciplines for admission in the ICU, for a period of four months, from July to October 2018,was included in the study. The data were taken from the registration logs of ICU and were entered into a specially prepared datasheet. Statistical analysis was done and the results given as means, percentages or ranges, as appropriate. Results: A total of 503 patients were admitted, with a female prepondera...

International Journal of Management, IT, and Engineering, 2015

This research paper attempts to accomplish a comprehensive investigation on Banks in particular a... more This research paper attempts to accomplish a comprehensive investigation on Banks in particular and financial institutions in general which take far-reaching advantage of information technology however, these financial institutions are risk-avoiding and reluctant to innovative information technology adaptation. Therefore, they are sluggish to accept new technological innovations for implementation in financial systems. This research paper discovers how the IEDF model of object oriented investigation and design can be utilized to strengthen, secure, faster and smoothing the financial institutions and banking by utilizing information technology. In addition, similarities and resemblances are recognized among the diverse financial instruments which are utilized by financial intuitions &banks and then to explore these comparisons in a proposal for an object oriented approach to banking information Technology. This study shows how this transition can be utilized flawlessly for adopting t...

У статті автор розглядає необхідність формування у старшокласників діалогічних умінь та роль діал... more У статті автор розглядає необхідність формування у старшокласників діалогічних умінь та роль діалогу в процесі навчання. Завдяки діалогічним умінням учні старшої школи вчаться самостійно мислити, висловлювати свої думки та налагоджувати стосунки з іншими.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDORSING HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH (IJEHSR), Dec 1, 2017

Background: Extradural hematoma (EDH), and acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) are common pathologies ... more Background: Extradural hematoma (EDH), and acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) are common pathologies encountered in neurosurgical emergencies following traumatic injuries usually secondary to road traffic accident, assault and fall. Both extradural hematoma and acute subdural hematoma have dreadful effects on patient's health if not managed properly and timely and even lead to death. The standard treatment for such problems is conventional large craniotomy under general anesthesia to prevent fatal outcomes. Method: We have presented a case of ASDH with EDH in a patient having history of large ventricular septal defect and due to large ventricular septal defect patient had delay in getting fitness and alongside patient had fallen Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) which encouraged surgeon to perform the surgery under local anesthesia by following Peer Regimen. Results: The outcome of case turned fruitful and providing possibility of Local anesthesia (Peer Regimen) as an alternate in case of critical emergency to save life of patient. Conclusion: Acute Subdural hematoma with either concomitant ventricular septal defect or alone can evacuated safely under local anesthesia using Peer regimen. Further studies should be carried to know the more benefits of procedure and potential hazards of procedure and to improve outcome from this lethal type of brain injury.

The study aimed to test tractor mounted rotary disc fertilizer spreader with two ground speeds in... more The study aimed to test tractor mounted rotary disc fertilizer spreader with two ground speeds in order to obtain higher field capacity with required spreading uniformity. The spreader was calibrated at a rate of 250 Kg Urea ha-1. Spreader was calibrated by using weighed amount of fertilizer in hopper and re-weighing remaining amount after running spreader over test strip of known area. Spreader was tested over area of 1000 m2 for its performance at two different ground speeds. At 4.23 km hr-1ground speed, with fertilizer application rate of 250 kg ha-1, effective field capacity was 2.78 ha hr-1 with field efficiency of 71.28%, fuel consumption of 1.11 Liters ha-1 and CV of fertilizer samples was 20.82%.While at 8 km hr-1ground speed with fertilizer rate of 250 kg ha-1 field capacity was measured as 5.33 ha hr-1with field efficiency 73.11% and a fuel consumption of 1.64 Liters ha-1 with 21.73% CV of fertilizer samples. Data were analyzed using Gnumeric 1.12 software .Aspect ratio of...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum is a pathological condition that causes neurological symptom... more Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum is a pathological condition that causes neurological symptom (radiculopathy and / or myelopathy) and usually occurs in the thoracic,2 less frequently in the cervical spine that commonly involves thoracic spine. This study was conducted to analyse the clinical presentation and outcome of surgery of ossified ligamentum flavum at thoracic spine. This case series was conducted at Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, from January 2010 to December 2012. Patients who presented with thoracic myelopathy due to ossified ligamentum flavum were included. All the patients, after detailed history, clinical examination and radiological investigation under went decompressive laminectomy at the appropriate level. Pre-operative, post-operative and neurolog'ifti', 06 months follow up was recorded. The patients having thoracic myelopathy due to other causes were excluded from the study. SPSS-10 was used to a...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Encephalocele is the protrusion of the cranial contents beyond the normal confines of the skull t... more Encephalocele is the protrusion of the cranial contents beyond the normal confines of the skull through a defect in the calvarium and is far less common than spinal dysraphism. The exact world wide frequency is not known. A substantial proportion of children especially those born with a large encephaloceles are physically and intellectually disabled. Our objective of this descriptive case series was to determine the patterns and surgical outcomes in various types of encephalocele in our setting. The study was carried at Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan during year 2005 to 2007. Patients with encephalocele (occipital, Scincipital, parietal) admitted during year 2005 to 2007 were evaluated for their clinical features. Complete base line investigations were performed including ultrasound, CT scan and MRI of brain. Other congenital anomalies were also noted in record. Written consent was taken. Operative and postoperative records were ma...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

The purpose of descriptive case series study was to see the conservative and surgical outcome in ... more The purpose of descriptive case series study was to see the conservative and surgical outcome in respect of neurological improvement, sphincter functions and early ambulation in cases of traumatic thoracolumbar injuries in a tertiary care hospital. This was a hospital based prospective study comprised of 50 thoracolumbar injury cases registered during the period of 1 year from September 2005 to September 2006. All cases were evaluated for their clinical features. During initial phase, level and degree of neurological injury was assessed using Frankle grades. Operative and postoperative record with x-rays and MRI were maintained. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 12 months with clinical and radiological assessment. A total of 50 cases were registered, 43 (86%) were males and 7 (14%) were females. Fall was the most common cause of injury (92%). The most common level involved was L1 (46%). The 2nd common site of injury was T12 (12%). The treatment given was conservative in 42.55%, and sur...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Cervical radiculopathy is a common and distressing problem. Only those patients who failed conser... more Cervical radiculopathy is a common and distressing problem. Only those patients who failed conservative treatment should undergo surgery. The anterior cervical disectomy is the procedure which offers maximal exposure of the disc space. It easily removes the portion of disc which compresses the nerve root. Possibility of developing late kyphosis from disc space collapse supported the fusion procedure after single level disectomy. The goal of instrumentation is to provide immediate stability, increase fusion rate, prevent graft failure, improve rehabilitation process and possibly no need for external orthosis. Objective of study was To see the results and complications of cervical disectomy thru anterior approach and fusion and stabilisation with titanium made plate. This was a prospective study, comprised of 32 patients admitted during period from 2005-2008. Patients presented with radiculopathy or radiculo-myelopathy were evaluated. MRI was carried out in all the cases. Each patient...

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 1992

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They ca... more Intramedullary spinal cord tumours (IMSCT) are among the uncommon lesions at spinal cord. They can present with a vast array of symptoms and cause severe neurological deficits. With advent and frequent use of MRI more and more patients with IMSCT are picked up. By using modern microsurgical techniques better surgical outcome is achieved. The Objective was to analyse the surgical outcome of the patients with intramedullary Spinal Tumour operated at Ayub Teaching Hospital (ATH). Abbottabad. Eighteen patients with IMSCT who presented at Neurosurgery Unit. ATH. Abbottabad during 2000-2010 were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed on the basis of MRI. They were operated using standard microsurgical techniques. Patients were followed up for a mean duration of 18 months after surgery and their preoperative and postoperative neurological status was analysed. Patients with age group ranging from 15-50 (37.72 +/- 8.94) years with IMSCT were operated. Sixty-one percent of the patien...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

There is a controversy regarding the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Most of patients with l... more There is a controversy regarding the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Most of patients with lumbar disc herniation and radiculopathy improve with rest and medicine. Lumbar disc surgery gives rapid relief to the patients with severe root pain in legs. This study was conducted to see the risks and benefits of surgery in single level symptomatic lumbar disc disease. This prospective study was conducted in Department of Neurosurgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro during 2007-2009. Patients with severe leg pain, positive straight leg raising, and confirmed disc extrusion on imaging were included and conventional open discectomy was performed. Patients were followed up for one year after the surgery. Forty-five patients were operated for lumbar root pain due to a single disc. Most common disc involved was L4-5 and discectomy was performed. Recurrence of disc occurred in 4 patients. Proper selection of patients is necessary for excellent postoperative resu...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in all age group. The incidence of CSI... more Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in all age group. The incidence of CSI increases with the severity of TBI so prompt care of cervical spine is necessary in all patients with moderate to severe head injury. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of cervical injury in patients with moderate to severe head injury and different types of trauma. This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in department of Neurosurgery Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad from October 2011 to October 2012. A total of 369 patients were included in this study by consecutive (non probability) sampling. All patients were subjected to X-rays and CT-Scan of the skull for evaluation of head injury. X-rays and CT scan with MRI of cervical spine were done for evaluation of cervical spinal injury. A total of 369 patients were included in our study, out of which 276 (74.8%) were males and 93 (25.2%) were females. Age of the patients ranged from 3-90) years with mean...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Hydrocephalus is the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles and subar... more Hydrocephalus is the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces, resulting in increased intracranial pressure. The treatment of choice is placement of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage is not an uncommon complication. Objective of the study was to find out the frequency, causes and site of ventriculoperitoneal blockage and to compare it with other studies. This case series study was conducted at Department of Neurosurgery Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, from April 2008 to March 2012. The records of 53 patients between 40 days to 45 years age presenting with blocked ventriculoperitoneal shunt were included. All the patients underwent thorough clinical examination and radiological investigations, and shunt revision done. The retrieved data was collected on proforma. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical data. Out of 53 patients 28 were males, 25 patients were females. Age of pati...

Surgical Neurology International, 2011

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of anterior cervical decompression, fusion and titanium plate... more Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of anterior cervical decompression, fusion and titanium plate fixation in sub axial cervical spine injuries in respect of neurological outcome, postoperative stability and early rehabilitation. The Descriptive case series study was conducted at

Neurosurgery, 2008

Fourth ventricular outlet obstruction (FVOO), an uncommon cause of obstructive hydrocephalus, is ... more Fourth ventricular outlet obstruction (FVOO), an uncommon cause of obstructive hydrocephalus, is most commonly associated with prior intraventricular hemorrhage or intraventricular infection in children. There have been few reports of FVOO in an adult population. Twenty-two patients with FVOO treated with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) were analyzed retrospectively. Of the 22 patients, 10 were younger than 2 years, 6 were between 2 and 18 years, and 6 were older than 18 years of age. Predisposing factors included tubercular meningitis (1 patient), ventriculitis (2 patients), and intraventricular hemorrhage (3 patients). Twelve patients (mostly >2 years of age) had no prior significant history. The third ventricular floor and the adhesions in the basal cisterns were individually graded (I-IV). An inflamed floor was encountered in 3 patients. ETV was successfully performed in 20 patients. Fourth ventricular exploration was carried out in 5 patients, with outlet membrane fenestration in 2 patients. The follow-up period was 1 to 8 years (mean, 4.2 years). The ETV failed in 7 patients, requiring shunt insertion. The overall success rate was 65%; 91% success was achieved in patients who were more than 2 years of age, whereas the procedure failed in all patients younger than 6 months of age. The cerebrospinal fluid yielded a positive bacterial culture (1 patient), antitubercular antibody (1 patient), anticysticercal antibody (1 patient), and cryptococcosis (1 patient). With a successful procedure, lateral ventricular size was reduced in all patients, whereas fourth ventricular size decreased in 12 patients. The extent of adhesions in the basal cisterns directly correlated with failure. None of the patients demonstrated isolated fourth ventricle on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging. In 4 of the 7 patients with failure, endoscopic exploration was performed, and a patent stoma was observed in all of these patients. ETV is a viable option for treatment of patients with FVOO. The high failure rate in infants younger than 6 months of age suggests that ventriculoperitoneal shunting is a favorable option in this age group, rather than ETV. Isolated fourth ventricle is uncommon after ETV in hydrocephalus attributable to FVOO.