Guilherme Ribeiro Alves - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Guilherme Ribeiro Alves

Research paper thumbnail of Energy supplementation as strategy of pasture management

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, Jun 30, 2022

This study evaluated the effect of increased energy via supplementation on the performance, inges... more This study evaluated the effect of increased energy via supplementation on the performance, ingestive behavior, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen metabolism of grazing heifers fed tropical forage in the rainy-dry transition season. Treatments consisted of mineral supplementation ad libitum (control) and multiple supplements formulated to provide different energy levels and the same amount of protein (300 g CP animal d-1) and were denominated as low (LE; 340 g TDN animal d-1), medium (ME; 780 g TDN animal d-1) and high (HE; 1220 g TDN animal d-1) energy. Animals supplemented with ME, and HE had a greater average daily gain in relation to the control treatment, with an increase of 41 and 46%, respectively. Greater values for total apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber were observed for the treatment HE. Lesser values of urinary urea N were observed for the control and HE treatments. Our results define the use of energy levels in the supplement as a tool for pasture management. If the purpose of the production system is to enhance forage intake, the option is to supply supplements with less energy levels. In contrast, if the purpose is to increase the stocking rate, supplements with greater energy levels should be used.

Research paper thumbnail of Ingestion Behaviour of Feedlot Sheep Fed on Bean Processing Residue

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including bean processing residue as a ... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including bean processing residue as a substitute to cottonseed cake on ingestion behaviour parameters in feedlot sheep diets. Twenty entire male experimental sheep were used with a mean age of 12 months and mean weight of 30 kg. A completely randomised design was used with four treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of cottonseed cake substituted with bean residue at levels of 0, 33, 66 and 100%. The feeding behaviour of the animals was determined in the final two days of the experimental period by over 24 h. Registering feeding, rumination and idling by visual observation of animals every ten min. Ingestion behaviour data was statistically analysed using models based on the significance (P<0.05) of regression parameters. The variable DM and NDFcp consumption (g day) showed quadratic behaviour, increasing with levels of cottonseed cake substitution by bean residue (P<0.05). Total feeding time also sh...

Research paper thumbnail of Influência do Nível de Consumo de Pasto de Capim-Elefante sobre a Composição da Digesta e Concentração do Indicador Cr2O3 no Trato Gastrintestinal de Bovinos

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2001

Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de capim-elefante, sob pastejo sobre a composição da... more Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de capim-elefante, sob pastejo sobre a composição da digesta e a concentração do indicador Cr2O3, ao longo do trato gastrintestinal (TGI) de bovinos. Usou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas, com 12 tratamentos nas parcelas (fatorial 2x6, sendo dois níveis de ingestão de pasto: alimentação restrita e alimentação irrestrita e seis épocas de abate) e as cinco seções do TGI nas subparcelas. Foram utilizados 36 novilhos, abatendo-se três animais de cada nível nutricional ao início do experimento e a cada 35 dias. Na ocasião, pesou-se e amostrou-se a digesta de cada seção do TGI. Nos 16 dias que antecederam o abate, os animais receberam duas doses diárias de 5 g de Cr2O3. Foram determinados os teores de matéria seca (MS), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA) e proteína bruta (PB) e as concentrações de cromo e energia bruta (EB) nas digestas das várias seções. O nível alimenta...

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical composition and nutrient degradability in elephant grass silage inoculated with Streptococcus bovis isolated from the rumen

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2014

The objective of the present study was to assess the chemical and bromatological composition and ... more The objective of the present study was to assess the chemical and bromatological composition and in situ degradability of elephant grass silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis isolated from cattle rumen. A complete randomized design was used with four treatments and six replications: elephant grass silage, elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Streptococcus bovis JB1 strains; elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Streptococcus bovis HC5 strains; elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Enterococcus faecium with six replications each. The pH and ammoniacal nitrogen values were lower (P<0.05) for the silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis JB1 and HC5, respectively. The silage inoculated with Streptococcus bovis had a higher crude protein content (P<0.05) and there were no differences for the fiber contents in the silage. The (a)soluble fraction degradability, especially in the silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis JB1 and HC5, had highe...

Research paper thumbnail of Corn Silage as a Total Diet with by-Products of the Babassu Agroindustry in the Feed of Confined Ruminants

Agronomy

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of total ration silage (TRS) containing two... more This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of total ration silage (TRS) containing two babassu by-products to replace the corn. The silages were formulated to meet the requirements of sheep for an average daily gain of 200 g/day. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of CS: Corn silage (Control); TRSS: Corn silage with corn and soybean meal; TRSF: Total ration silage with babassu mesocarp flour; and TRSC: Total feed silage with babassu cake. The chemical composition of the silages had a significant difference (p < 0.05) for all variates. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) for gas (LG, p < 0.001) and effluent losses (LE, p < 0.001), dry matter recovery (DMR, p < 0.001), buffer capacity (BC, p < 0.001), lactic acid (LA, p < 0.001), butyric acid (BA, p < 0.001), lactic acid/fermentation products (LA:FP, p < 0.001), and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N, p < ...

Research paper thumbnail of Parameters of

carbohydrates and protein and rumen degradation kinetic

Research paper thumbnail of Residue from common bean in substitution of cottonseed cake in diets for sheep

Biological Rhythm Research, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of increased bean residue levels on the feed efficiency and ingestive behaviour of sheep

Biological Rhythm Research, 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including common-bean residue ... more ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including common-bean residue in diets for feedlot sheep on feed efficiency and on ingestive behaviour of sheep. Treatments consisted of the inclusion of 0.0%, 11%, 22% and 33% of the common-bean residue (dry matter basis) in the experimental diets, which corresponded to the substitution levels of 0.0%, 33.3%, 66.7%, and 100.0% of cottonseed cake for the beanresidue. The inclusion of common bean residue did not change (P > 0.05) the NDF intake by the sheep, whose mean values were 358.37 g animal-1 day-1, 1.07% BW, and 14.81 g kg-1 BW0.75. There was a linear decreasing effect (P < 0.05) for the total chewing time, with a reduction to 94.48 min day-1 at the maximum inclusion level (33%) of bean residue in the diet, in relation to the treatment without this by-product (280.17 min day-1). A decreasing linear effect (P < 0.05) was observed for the number of ruminatedboluses per day, where it reduced by 0.66 percentage units for each 1% inclusion of the bean residue. Bean processing residue can be substituted for cottonseed cake in the concentrate fed to sheep, at levels of up to 33%.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphogenetic and structure characteristics of marandu grass subjected to grazing management strategies

Biological Rhythm Research, 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenetic and structural characteris... more ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu subjected to grazing management strategies. The treatments corresponded to four grazing management strategies (25-10; 25-15; 35-15; and 45-15 pre and post grazing swards heights, respectively). Grazing management strategies were allocated to the experimental units (100 m2 paddocks) in a completely randomized blocks design with four repetitions. There was no effect of the grazing management on leaf elongation rate and leaf senescence rate, with average values of 11.22 mm/day and 2.17 mm/day, respectively. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) of leaf appearance rate, leaf elongation rate and stem elongation rate among months, where higher values were seen in months with greater rainfall. The evaluated management strategies showed a small effect on the morphogenetic and structural characteristics and can consequently be utilized for the management of marandu grass. In addition, during rainy periods, farmers can use management with higher defoliation frequencies (25-15), while the opposite (45-15) may be used during months with low rainfall in order not to exhaust the organic reserves of the plant.

Research paper thumbnail of Ruminal degradability of Guinea grass silage inoculated with Streptoccocus bovis isolated from bovine rumen combined or not with com wheat bran

Agricultural Sciences, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Influência do Nível de Consumo sobre a Degradabilidade das Partículas e Características ligadas à Cinética Ruminal, em Novilhos Pastejando Capim- Elefante

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2001

Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de pasto sobre a degradabilidade das partículas de c... more Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de pasto sobre a degradabilidade das partículas de capim-elefante nas seções do trato gastrintestinal (TGI) e sobre aspectos ligados à cinética ruminal de bovinos. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas, com doze tratamentos nas parcelas (fatorial 2x6, sendo dois níveis de ingestão de pasto: alimentação restrita - NA1 e alimentação irrestrita - NA2 e seis épocas de abate) e as cinco seções do TGI nas subparcelas. Foram usados 36 novilhos, mantidos em regime exclusivo de pasto de capim-elefante. Ao início do experimento e a cada 35 dias, foram abatidos três animais de cada nível alimentar, pesando-se e amostrando-se as digestas das várias seções do TGI. Utilizou-se o peneiramento seco das digestas na determinação do tamanho médio de partículas (TMP) e o módulo de finura (MF). O TMP e o MF da digesta do rúmen-retículo (RR) foram maiores que das demais seções. O nível alimentar não influenciou o ...

Research paper thumbnail of Intake and digestibility in sheep fed on marandu grass silages added with dehydrated barley

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the intake and the apparent digestibility in sheep fed on... more ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the intake and the apparent digestibility in sheep fed on marandu grass silages added with dehydrated barley. Twenty crossbred Santa Inês lambs were used, with a mean initial weight of 30±4.5 kg and mean age of 14±2 months. The experimental sheep were distributed into a completely randomized design and lining, with five treatments and four repetitions, with treatments levels of inclusion of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% natural matter of naturally dehydrated brewery residue for 36 hours to the marandu grass silage to feed the sheep. The evaluation period lasted 21 days, 15 for adaptation to the diets and 7 days for data collection. The data was submitted to analysis of variance, and when significant (P<0.05) the treatment means were analysed by regression. The inclusion of dehydrated barley to silage showed a linear increase in water intake (P<0.05), increased by 0.02% per unit of dehydrated barley. A quadratic effect was observed for the levels...

Research paper thumbnail of Intake and digestibility of silages containing pineapple pulp and coast-cross hay with or without urea and markers recovery in sheep

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of silages containing pi... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of silages containing pineapple pulp and coast-cross hay, with or without addition of urea, and the recovery of the markers chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF), and indigestible dry matter (iDM), in a digestibility assay, in sheep. Treatments were as follows: two levels of pineapple pulp (818 and 758 g kg −1) and two levels of urea (with and without urea), in a completely randomized design. Twelve sheep (three per treatment) were used, kept in metabolic cages. Fecal excreta were determined by total collection or estimated by using the markers. Marker samples were obtained in morning and afternoon collections, with mean concentrations obtained for both daily activities. The level of silage pulp did not affect intake, while addition of urea increased the intake of crude protein (CP), but did not influence the intakes of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, or acid detergent fiber. The digestibility coefficients of all afore-mentioned fractions increased with the increase in pulp, the same happening with the addition of urea. The internal marker with lowest variability among the internal markers was iADF, with mean values near 100%. Mean recovery of Cr 2 O 3 was approximately 107%, but with lower variability among treatments. Inclusion of pineapple pulp in silage does not influence intake, while addition of urea only increases the intake of CP. The levels of pineapple pulp in silage with or without urea increase the digestibility of the silage. Indigestible acid detergent fiber is the marker with lowest variability of recovery, with mean recovery for the four silages used very close to 100%.

Research paper thumbnail of Performance and digestibility of steers fed by-product of fresh passion fruit or sorghum silage, with and without concentrate supplementation

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of passion fruit by-product for c... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of passion fruit by-product for cattle, contrasting the results with those found with sorghum silage. Four treatments were then constituted, comprising the combinations of the two roughages and the two levels of supplementation (with or without), in a completely randomized design with four animals per treatment. The considered variables included: feed intake, digestibility coefficients of the diets, and live weight gain of the animals. The experimental period lasted 70 days, preceded by a standardization period of 30 days. Chromium oxide was utilized to estimate the fecal output, in the digestibility trial. Treatments were compared by means of three orthogonal contrasts: between the two roughages and between the two concentrate levels within each roughage. Animals fed passion fruit by-product showed higher feed intake (total, per 100 kg of live weight (TLW), and per unit metabolic size) and had higher TLW gain than those fed sorghum silage (1.304 kg vs. 0.134 kg). The coefficients of apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) and the digestibility coefficient of neutral detergent fiber from passion fruit by-product were high, and much higher than those from sorghum silage. The concentrate supplement did not improve the TLW gain of animals fed passion fruit by-product and had a limiting effect on the digestibility coefficients of the diet. The concentrate supplement had a positive associative effect on intake and digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, and CP from sorghum silage. The by-product of fresh passion fruit is an excellent food for growing cattle as it provides high intake levels and weight gains, even when supplied as the only feed.

Research paper thumbnail of Fractionation of carbohydrates and protein and rumen degradation kinetic parameters of brachiaria grass silage enriched with rice bran

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2014

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate fractions, and to estimate... more This experiment was conducted to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate fractions, and to estimate the in situ rumen degradation kinetic parameters of Brachiaria decumbens grass silage with inclusion of rice bran. Five rice bran inclusion levels were tested: 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the natural matter, distributed into a completely randomized design with five replications. The brachiaria grass was obtained at 60 days of regrowth by cutting the forage at 10 cm from the soil and ensiling it in 10-L experimental silo bags, which were opened after 40 days. The degradability profiles for DM, CP, NDF and of the feeds for each animal utilized made it possible to obtain the estimates of the parameters analyzed. The contents of total carbohydrates (TCH), fibrous carbohydrates and fraction A+B 1 of the TCH decreased linearly as the rice bran levels were elevated. Fraction A of the protein was increased linearly by 0.64% for every 1% of rice bran added to the silage. For nitrogenous fractions B 3 and C, there was a decrease of 0.11 and 0.40% for each 1% of rice bran added to the silage, respectively. For the rumen degradability parameters of the dry matter, fractions A and I had estimated increases of 0.54 and 0.04% for every 1% inclusion of rice bran. For the degradation rate of fraction B (c), treatments had no effect. Fractions A and I of the crude protein degradability parameters increased by 0.22 and 0.72%, respectively, with inclusion of 1% rice bran. Inclusion levels of rice bran had no effect on fraction D, on the degradation rate of fraction B (c) or lag time (L) estimated for neutral detergent fiber. Inclusion of 10 and 20% rice bran in the brachiaria grass silage improves protein and carbohydrate fractions and rumen degradation kinetic parameters of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber.

Research paper thumbnail of Energy supplementation as strategy of pasture management

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, Jun 30, 2022

This study evaluated the effect of increased energy via supplementation on the performance, inges... more This study evaluated the effect of increased energy via supplementation on the performance, ingestive behavior, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen metabolism of grazing heifers fed tropical forage in the rainy-dry transition season. Treatments consisted of mineral supplementation ad libitum (control) and multiple supplements formulated to provide different energy levels and the same amount of protein (300 g CP animal d-1) and were denominated as low (LE; 340 g TDN animal d-1), medium (ME; 780 g TDN animal d-1) and high (HE; 1220 g TDN animal d-1) energy. Animals supplemented with ME, and HE had a greater average daily gain in relation to the control treatment, with an increase of 41 and 46%, respectively. Greater values for total apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber were observed for the treatment HE. Lesser values of urinary urea N were observed for the control and HE treatments. Our results define the use of energy levels in the supplement as a tool for pasture management. If the purpose of the production system is to enhance forage intake, the option is to supply supplements with less energy levels. In contrast, if the purpose is to increase the stocking rate, supplements with greater energy levels should be used.

Research paper thumbnail of Ingestion Behaviour of Feedlot Sheep Fed on Bean Processing Residue

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including bean processing residue as a ... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including bean processing residue as a substitute to cottonseed cake on ingestion behaviour parameters in feedlot sheep diets. Twenty entire male experimental sheep were used with a mean age of 12 months and mean weight of 30 kg. A completely randomised design was used with four treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of cottonseed cake substituted with bean residue at levels of 0, 33, 66 and 100%. The feeding behaviour of the animals was determined in the final two days of the experimental period by over 24 h. Registering feeding, rumination and idling by visual observation of animals every ten min. Ingestion behaviour data was statistically analysed using models based on the significance (P<0.05) of regression parameters. The variable DM and NDFcp consumption (g day) showed quadratic behaviour, increasing with levels of cottonseed cake substitution by bean residue (P<0.05). Total feeding time also sh...

Research paper thumbnail of Influência do Nível de Consumo de Pasto de Capim-Elefante sobre a Composição da Digesta e Concentração do Indicador Cr2O3 no Trato Gastrintestinal de Bovinos

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2001

Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de capim-elefante, sob pastejo sobre a composição da... more Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de capim-elefante, sob pastejo sobre a composição da digesta e a concentração do indicador Cr2O3, ao longo do trato gastrintestinal (TGI) de bovinos. Usou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas, com 12 tratamentos nas parcelas (fatorial 2x6, sendo dois níveis de ingestão de pasto: alimentação restrita e alimentação irrestrita e seis épocas de abate) e as cinco seções do TGI nas subparcelas. Foram utilizados 36 novilhos, abatendo-se três animais de cada nível nutricional ao início do experimento e a cada 35 dias. Na ocasião, pesou-se e amostrou-se a digesta de cada seção do TGI. Nos 16 dias que antecederam o abate, os animais receberam duas doses diárias de 5 g de Cr2O3. Foram determinados os teores de matéria seca (MS), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA) e proteína bruta (PB) e as concentrações de cromo e energia bruta (EB) nas digestas das várias seções. O nível alimenta...

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical composition and nutrient degradability in elephant grass silage inoculated with Streptococcus bovis isolated from the rumen

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2014

The objective of the present study was to assess the chemical and bromatological composition and ... more The objective of the present study was to assess the chemical and bromatological composition and in situ degradability of elephant grass silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis isolated from cattle rumen. A complete randomized design was used with four treatments and six replications: elephant grass silage, elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Streptococcus bovis JB1 strains; elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Streptococcus bovis HC5 strains; elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Enterococcus faecium with six replications each. The pH and ammoniacal nitrogen values were lower (P<0.05) for the silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis JB1 and HC5, respectively. The silage inoculated with Streptococcus bovis had a higher crude protein content (P<0.05) and there were no differences for the fiber contents in the silage. The (a)soluble fraction degradability, especially in the silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis JB1 and HC5, had highe...

Research paper thumbnail of Corn Silage as a Total Diet with by-Products of the Babassu Agroindustry in the Feed of Confined Ruminants

Agronomy

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of total ration silage (TRS) containing two... more This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of total ration silage (TRS) containing two babassu by-products to replace the corn. The silages were formulated to meet the requirements of sheep for an average daily gain of 200 g/day. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of CS: Corn silage (Control); TRSS: Corn silage with corn and soybean meal; TRSF: Total ration silage with babassu mesocarp flour; and TRSC: Total feed silage with babassu cake. The chemical composition of the silages had a significant difference (p < 0.05) for all variates. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) for gas (LG, p < 0.001) and effluent losses (LE, p < 0.001), dry matter recovery (DMR, p < 0.001), buffer capacity (BC, p < 0.001), lactic acid (LA, p < 0.001), butyric acid (BA, p < 0.001), lactic acid/fermentation products (LA:FP, p < 0.001), and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N, p < ...

Research paper thumbnail of Parameters of

carbohydrates and protein and rumen degradation kinetic

Research paper thumbnail of Residue from common bean in substitution of cottonseed cake in diets for sheep

Biological Rhythm Research, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of increased bean residue levels on the feed efficiency and ingestive behaviour of sheep

Biological Rhythm Research, 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including common-bean residue ... more ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including common-bean residue in diets for feedlot sheep on feed efficiency and on ingestive behaviour of sheep. Treatments consisted of the inclusion of 0.0%, 11%, 22% and 33% of the common-bean residue (dry matter basis) in the experimental diets, which corresponded to the substitution levels of 0.0%, 33.3%, 66.7%, and 100.0% of cottonseed cake for the beanresidue. The inclusion of common bean residue did not change (P > 0.05) the NDF intake by the sheep, whose mean values were 358.37 g animal-1 day-1, 1.07% BW, and 14.81 g kg-1 BW0.75. There was a linear decreasing effect (P < 0.05) for the total chewing time, with a reduction to 94.48 min day-1 at the maximum inclusion level (33%) of bean residue in the diet, in relation to the treatment without this by-product (280.17 min day-1). A decreasing linear effect (P < 0.05) was observed for the number of ruminatedboluses per day, where it reduced by 0.66 percentage units for each 1% inclusion of the bean residue. Bean processing residue can be substituted for cottonseed cake in the concentrate fed to sheep, at levels of up to 33%.

Research paper thumbnail of Morphogenetic and structure characteristics of marandu grass subjected to grazing management strategies

Biological Rhythm Research, 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenetic and structural characteris... more ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu subjected to grazing management strategies. The treatments corresponded to four grazing management strategies (25-10; 25-15; 35-15; and 45-15 pre and post grazing swards heights, respectively). Grazing management strategies were allocated to the experimental units (100 m2 paddocks) in a completely randomized blocks design with four repetitions. There was no effect of the grazing management on leaf elongation rate and leaf senescence rate, with average values of 11.22 mm/day and 2.17 mm/day, respectively. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) of leaf appearance rate, leaf elongation rate and stem elongation rate among months, where higher values were seen in months with greater rainfall. The evaluated management strategies showed a small effect on the morphogenetic and structural characteristics and can consequently be utilized for the management of marandu grass. In addition, during rainy periods, farmers can use management with higher defoliation frequencies (25-15), while the opposite (45-15) may be used during months with low rainfall in order not to exhaust the organic reserves of the plant.

Research paper thumbnail of Ruminal degradability of Guinea grass silage inoculated with Streptoccocus bovis isolated from bovine rumen combined or not with com wheat bran

Agricultural Sciences, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Influência do Nível de Consumo sobre a Degradabilidade das Partículas e Características ligadas à Cinética Ruminal, em Novilhos Pastejando Capim- Elefante

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2001

Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de pasto sobre a degradabilidade das partículas de c... more Estudou-se a influência do nível de ingestão de pasto sobre a degradabilidade das partículas de capim-elefante nas seções do trato gastrintestinal (TGI) e sobre aspectos ligados à cinética ruminal de bovinos. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas, com doze tratamentos nas parcelas (fatorial 2x6, sendo dois níveis de ingestão de pasto: alimentação restrita - NA1 e alimentação irrestrita - NA2 e seis épocas de abate) e as cinco seções do TGI nas subparcelas. Foram usados 36 novilhos, mantidos em regime exclusivo de pasto de capim-elefante. Ao início do experimento e a cada 35 dias, foram abatidos três animais de cada nível alimentar, pesando-se e amostrando-se as digestas das várias seções do TGI. Utilizou-se o peneiramento seco das digestas na determinação do tamanho médio de partículas (TMP) e o módulo de finura (MF). O TMP e o MF da digesta do rúmen-retículo (RR) foram maiores que das demais seções. O nível alimentar não influenciou o ...

Research paper thumbnail of Intake and digestibility in sheep fed on marandu grass silages added with dehydrated barley

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the intake and the apparent digestibility in sheep fed on... more ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the intake and the apparent digestibility in sheep fed on marandu grass silages added with dehydrated barley. Twenty crossbred Santa Inês lambs were used, with a mean initial weight of 30±4.5 kg and mean age of 14±2 months. The experimental sheep were distributed into a completely randomized design and lining, with five treatments and four repetitions, with treatments levels of inclusion of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% natural matter of naturally dehydrated brewery residue for 36 hours to the marandu grass silage to feed the sheep. The evaluation period lasted 21 days, 15 for adaptation to the diets and 7 days for data collection. The data was submitted to analysis of variance, and when significant (P<0.05) the treatment means were analysed by regression. The inclusion of dehydrated barley to silage showed a linear increase in water intake (P<0.05), increased by 0.02% per unit of dehydrated barley. A quadratic effect was observed for the levels...

Research paper thumbnail of Intake and digestibility of silages containing pineapple pulp and coast-cross hay with or without urea and markers recovery in sheep

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of silages containing pi... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of silages containing pineapple pulp and coast-cross hay, with or without addition of urea, and the recovery of the markers chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF), and indigestible dry matter (iDM), in a digestibility assay, in sheep. Treatments were as follows: two levels of pineapple pulp (818 and 758 g kg −1) and two levels of urea (with and without urea), in a completely randomized design. Twelve sheep (three per treatment) were used, kept in metabolic cages. Fecal excreta were determined by total collection or estimated by using the markers. Marker samples were obtained in morning and afternoon collections, with mean concentrations obtained for both daily activities. The level of silage pulp did not affect intake, while addition of urea increased the intake of crude protein (CP), but did not influence the intakes of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, or acid detergent fiber. The digestibility coefficients of all afore-mentioned fractions increased with the increase in pulp, the same happening with the addition of urea. The internal marker with lowest variability among the internal markers was iADF, with mean values near 100%. Mean recovery of Cr 2 O 3 was approximately 107%, but with lower variability among treatments. Inclusion of pineapple pulp in silage does not influence intake, while addition of urea only increases the intake of CP. The levels of pineapple pulp in silage with or without urea increase the digestibility of the silage. Indigestible acid detergent fiber is the marker with lowest variability of recovery, with mean recovery for the four silages used very close to 100%.

Research paper thumbnail of Performance and digestibility of steers fed by-product of fresh passion fruit or sorghum silage, with and without concentrate supplementation

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of passion fruit by-product for c... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of passion fruit by-product for cattle, contrasting the results with those found with sorghum silage. Four treatments were then constituted, comprising the combinations of the two roughages and the two levels of supplementation (with or without), in a completely randomized design with four animals per treatment. The considered variables included: feed intake, digestibility coefficients of the diets, and live weight gain of the animals. The experimental period lasted 70 days, preceded by a standardization period of 30 days. Chromium oxide was utilized to estimate the fecal output, in the digestibility trial. Treatments were compared by means of three orthogonal contrasts: between the two roughages and between the two concentrate levels within each roughage. Animals fed passion fruit by-product showed higher feed intake (total, per 100 kg of live weight (TLW), and per unit metabolic size) and had higher TLW gain than those fed sorghum silage (1.304 kg vs. 0.134 kg). The coefficients of apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) and the digestibility coefficient of neutral detergent fiber from passion fruit by-product were high, and much higher than those from sorghum silage. The concentrate supplement did not improve the TLW gain of animals fed passion fruit by-product and had a limiting effect on the digestibility coefficients of the diet. The concentrate supplement had a positive associative effect on intake and digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, and CP from sorghum silage. The by-product of fresh passion fruit is an excellent food for growing cattle as it provides high intake levels and weight gains, even when supplied as the only feed.

Research paper thumbnail of Fractionation of carbohydrates and protein and rumen degradation kinetic parameters of brachiaria grass silage enriched with rice bran

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2014

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate fractions, and to estimate... more This experiment was conducted to evaluate the protein and carbohydrate fractions, and to estimate the in situ rumen degradation kinetic parameters of Brachiaria decumbens grass silage with inclusion of rice bran. Five rice bran inclusion levels were tested: 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the natural matter, distributed into a completely randomized design with five replications. The brachiaria grass was obtained at 60 days of regrowth by cutting the forage at 10 cm from the soil and ensiling it in 10-L experimental silo bags, which were opened after 40 days. The degradability profiles for DM, CP, NDF and of the feeds for each animal utilized made it possible to obtain the estimates of the parameters analyzed. The contents of total carbohydrates (TCH), fibrous carbohydrates and fraction A+B 1 of the TCH decreased linearly as the rice bran levels were elevated. Fraction A of the protein was increased linearly by 0.64% for every 1% of rice bran added to the silage. For nitrogenous fractions B 3 and C, there was a decrease of 0.11 and 0.40% for each 1% of rice bran added to the silage, respectively. For the rumen degradability parameters of the dry matter, fractions A and I had estimated increases of 0.54 and 0.04% for every 1% inclusion of rice bran. For the degradation rate of fraction B (c), treatments had no effect. Fractions A and I of the crude protein degradability parameters increased by 0.22 and 0.72%, respectively, with inclusion of 1% rice bran. Inclusion levels of rice bran had no effect on fraction D, on the degradation rate of fraction B (c) or lag time (L) estimated for neutral detergent fiber. Inclusion of 10 and 20% rice bran in the brachiaria grass silage improves protein and carbohydrate fractions and rumen degradation kinetic parameters of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber.