Richard Joseph - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Richard Joseph

a major initiative on global agriculture and food security. In addition to President Barack Obama... more a major initiative on global agriculture and food security. In addition to President Barack Obama, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, and several leaders of international organizations, the featured speakers included four African presidents: Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania, John Atta Mills of Ghana, Boni Yayi of Benin, and Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia. Mills and Zenawi have since died. Kikwete, Mills, and Yayi headed governments that are among the most democratic in Africa. Mills's successor for a four-year term will be chosen in democratic elections this December, the sixth successive multiparty election to be conducted in Ghana since 1992. The Ethiopian insurgents, who were waved on by American diplomats to take Addis Ababa in 1991 after many years of armed struggle, have never kept their promise to permit the construction of an open and fair democratic system. The struggle continues, therefore, to match words with deeds in democracy building in Africa. Just weeks after this Symposium, the White House announced on June 14 a new U.S. Strategy Toward Sub-Saharan Africa. In clear language, it presented the main dimensions of American policy towards Africa, accompanied by a cover letter from President Obama. Issued near the end of the first Obama Administration, this document can be used to assess how well the government has lived up to its promises. It also offers guidelines for American policymakers after the November 2012 elections.

In 1993, IMF Director Michel Camdessus called sub-Saharan Africa "a sinking continent." Just thre... more In 1993, IMF Director Michel Camdessus called sub-Saharan Africa "a sinking continent." Just three years later, however, he said that the signs of an economic recovery were evident. In his state visit to Ghana in July 2009, President Barack Obama saluted the striking turnaround in the political economies of Africa. He memorably gave the main reason for this historic advance 1

Institute of Brown University on March 13. The third talk, on "Democratic Transitions and Develop... more Institute of Brown University on March 13. The third talk, on "Democratic Transitions and Development in Africa: Beyond Prebendalist Systems", will take place at Stanford University's Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law on April 25. The aim of this first talk is to convey the persistence, scope, intractability, and ramifications of a set of issues that are now actively debated in Nigeria. You would be aware of their pertinence to

2019 9th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (Confluence), 2019

The issue of road traffic is steadily on the rise by virtue of easy accessibility to automobiles ... more The issue of road traffic is steadily on the rise by virtue of easy accessibility to automobiles and exponentially rising population. Due to traffic congestion deadlocks, commuters are left stranded in traffic jams for hours leading to a huge waste of time. The other contributing factor to traffic is the advent of private cab services despite the availability of other means of public transport. There are times when road repair work, construction work, accidents are responsible for unforeseen diversions which inadvertently lead to traffic jams. Sometimes, poor road design is also a major cause of traffic. It is extremely important to address this colossal predicament since it not only wastes valuable time but is also hazardous to the environment. Our goal is to devise a comprehensive system that determines the root cause of traffic by incorporating new age technologies like real time video processing and machine learning thereby helping us alleviate traffic issues and promote road safety.

American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2021

Democracy & Development: Journal of West African Affairs, 2005

No Abstract Available Democracy & Development Vol.3(2) 2003: 7-1

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Dec 1, 2016

Purpose Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a potential predictive marker for resp... more Purpose Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a potential predictive marker for response and outcome after treatment with anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1). This study explored the relationship between anti-PD-1 activity and PD-L1 expression in patients with advanced melanoma who were treated with pembrolizumab in the phase Ib KEYNOTE-001 study (clinical trial information: NCT01295827). Patients and Methods Six hundred fifty-five patients received pembrolizumab10 mg/kg once every 2 weeks or once every 3 weeks, or 2 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. Tumor response was assessed every 12 weeks per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 by independent central review. Primary outcome was objective response rate. Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Membranous PD-L1 expression in tumor and tumor-associated immune cells was assessed by a clinical trial immunohistochemistry assay (22C3 antibody) and scored on a unique m...

African Journal of Reproductive Health, Dec 1, 2013

Journal of Food Science and Technology -Mysore-

&amp;quot;Frontier Africa&amp;quot; captures the interplay of risk, reward and un... more &amp;quot;Frontier Africa&amp;quot; captures the interplay of risk, reward and uncertainty of political and economic life. Economic growth and political advances are halted by disputed elections; high corruption erodes the capacity and legitimacy of state institutions; China is now a major actor that can undercut human rights and democracy efforts; and counter-terrorism emboldens autocratic rulers. In the end, basic needs of

Choice Reviews Online, 1999

Nucleic Acids Research, 2003

Microarray based gene expression studies allow simultaneous analysis of relative amounts of messe... more Microarray based gene expression studies allow simultaneous analysis of relative amounts of messenger RNA (mRNA) for thousands of genes usinḡ uorescently labeled nucleic acid targets. Most common methods use enzymatic techniques, such as oligo-dT primed reverse transcription to produce labeled cDNA. These labeling methods have a number of shortcomings, including enzymeintroduced labeling and sequence bias, laborious protocols, high experiment-to-experiment variability and an inability to detect small changes in expression levels. Here, we describe a novel labeling methodology that uses platinum-linked cyanine dyes to directly chemically label mRNA from as little as 2 mg of total RNA. We show that the gene expression data produced using the labeled mRNA method has very high precision, low error, no labeling bias and a dynamic range over several orders of magnitude. This allows a greater accuracy in the identi®cation of differentially expressed genes and cuts down on the need for running too many replicate assays. Small changes in gene expression can now be detected in large-scale gene expression pro®ling assays using this simple, easy and quick procedure.

Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1997

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2004

Cosmetic surgery to rejuvenate the aging face including surgical procedures to augment and rejuve... more Cosmetic surgery to rejuvenate the aging face including surgical procedures to augment and rejuvenate the lips, will be discussed. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are in a unique position to evaluate and manage patients seeking facial rejuvenation and cosmetic treatment. Facial cosmetic surgery represents a natural extension and a complement to our orthognathic skills. Most of our treatment decisions regarding orthognathic procedures are predicated on existing facial esthetic norms and cephalometric analysis. The oral and maxillofacial surgeon is also able to provide esthetic services on a routine basis in an outpatient setting using local anesthesia with intravenous sedation. There are a number of methods and techniques used to augment, recontour, or rejuvenate the lips and the face. These include implantation of alloplastic materials, grafting of autologous tissues, and recontouring of adjacent hard and soft tissues. We will discuss patient selection, augmentation materials, anesthetic technique, operative technique, and postoperative management associated with the procedures. This presentation is intended to be an introduction and brief overview of procedures utilized in my practice that can easily be incorporated into the practice of most oral and maxillofacial surgeons.

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 2005

Objective: To detect the presence of bacteria in mastoid granulations and compare its prevalence ... more Objective: To detect the presence of bacteria in mastoid granulations and compare its prevalence in both types of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). To find out if stage of disease activity, age, duration of disease, and aditus patency relate to obtaining positive cultures.Study design and setting: A prospective, parallel group study done at a tertiary care referral centre. Mastoid granulations from 79 patients with CSOM undergoing mastoidectomy were processed for anaerobic and aerobic bacteria.Results: Aerobes were isolated from 57.55 per cent of the tubotympanic and 74.4 per cent of atticoantral disease (p = 0.18). Anaerobic cultures were positive in one case from each group. Monomicrobial growth was detected in 37.5 per cent of tubotympanic and 48.5 per cent of atticoantral disease. Polymicrobial growth occurred in 20 per cent and 25.6 per cent in the tubotympanic and atticoantral groups, respectively. The predominant aerobic isolate was coagulase negative Staphylococcus, f...