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Papers by Richard Mcgowan

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2012

As William Shaw’s (2008) textbook states, by way of observation, “To a significant extent, law co... more As William Shaw’s (2008) textbook states, by way of observation, “To a significant extent, law codifies a society’s customs, ideals, norms, and moral values” (pp. 10-11). Shaw adds that “changes in the law tend to reflect changes in what a society takes to be right and wrong...” (p. 11). We think Shaw is correct, and we work to have our students understand that ethics drives the law. Focusing on moral responsibility and legal liability, we offer a model that can help students see the relationship between law and ethics. First we highlight the broader concepts establishing moral responsibility and legal liability. Then we show that narrower, more specific principles in ethics have a parallel in law. For the former, we rely on long established considered judgments from ethics and established legal concepts. For the latter, we rely on the four specific elements associated with moral wrong-doing in organizational settings and on the famous 1983 Soldano v. O’Daniels case. Richard J. McGo...

Preface The Cigarette Industry and Government An Introduction to the Cigarette-Government Controv... more Preface The Cigarette Industry and Government An Introduction to the Cigarette-Government Controversy The History of Government Regulation of the Cigarette Industry: A Three Wave Model A Convergence Model for Business and Public Policy Cigarette Sales, Cigarette Prices, and State Excise Tax Policy Evaluating the Effects of Second Wave Policies on Cigarette Sales The Cigarette Excise Tax: The Public Policy Measure of the Third Wave Regulation The State and Cigarette Excise Taxes: Dependency, Revenue, and Competition The Future of the Cigarette Industry New Horizons for the Cigarette Industry: The Privatization of the Worldwide Cigarette Industry Conclusions, Analysis, and Implications Bibliography Index

As one of the first business ethics textbook states, by way of observation, “Custom, convention a... more As one of the first business ethics textbook states, by way of observation, “Custom, convention and the accepted courtesies of a society are not the foundation of ethics even though they provide valuable hints as to what men think...Law enshrines many of the ethical judgments of a society, but it is not coextensive with ethics” (Garrett, 1966, p. 1). Therefore, “changes in the law tend to reflect changes in what a society takes to be right and wrong...” (Shaw, 2008, p. 11). We think Garrett and Shaw are correct; thus, we work to have our students understand that ethics differs from legal codes but that ethics drives the law. These two points can effectively be shown with regard to environmental ethics. We offer a model that can help students see the relationship between law and ethics. First, we briefly explore the development of environmental ethics and highlight the broader ethical considerations related to the environment. Then, we trace the legal history that followed philosophi...

The Economists' Voice, 2017

We lay out a framework for assessing if calorie sweetened beverage taxes are effective, and, conc... more We lay out a framework for assessing if calorie sweetened beverage taxes are effective, and, concluding they are not, provide recommendations for better solutions. Similar taxes, known as sin taxes, generally have three specific goals: 1) to lower consumption of the offending substance or activity; 2) to minimize the black market; and 3) to generate government revenues. We find that on the whole, caloric sweetened beverage taxes fail to meet each of the criteria for effective sin taxes. They neither meaningfully lower consumption of caloric sweeteners generally, nor do they provide for a healthier alternative. They are straightforward to geographically circumvent, and there are many carve outs which are not taxed, dampening the impact they could have on the consumption of caloric sweeteners. Although these taxes are potentially a significant source of tax revenue, such collections are largely and disproportionately borne by the poor. Instead, we propose enacting a broad policy on a ...

Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society, 1990

Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society, 1993

Nutrition & metabolism, Oct 19, 2004

BACKGROUND: The high fat, low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was developed as an alternative to... more BACKGROUND: The high fat, low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was developed as an alternative to fasting for seizure management. While the mechanisms by which fasting and the KD inhibit seizures remain speculative, alterations in brain energy metabolism are likely involved. We previously showed that caloric restriction (CR) inhibits seizure susceptibility by reducing blood glucose in the epileptic EL mouse, a natural model for human multifactorial idiopathic epilepsy. In this study, we compared the antiepileptic and anticonvulsant efficacy of the KD with that of CR in adult EL mice with active epilepsy. EL mice that experienced at least 15 recurrent complex partial seizures were fed either a standard diet unrestricted (SD-UR) or restricted (SD-R), and either a KD unrestricted (KD-UR) or restricted (KD-R). All mice were fasted for 14 hrs prior to diet initiation. A new experimental design was used where each mouse in the diet-restricted groups served as its own control to achieve a ...

British journal of cancer, Jan 6, 2003

Brain tumours lack metabolic versatility and are dependent largely on glucose for energy. This co... more Brain tumours lack metabolic versatility and are dependent largely on glucose for energy. This contrasts with normal brain tissue that can derive energy from both glucose and ketone bodies. We examined for the first time the potential efficacy of dietary therapies that reduce plasma glucose and elevate ketone bodies in the CT-2A syngeneic malignant mouse astrocytoma. C57BL/6J mice were fed either a standard diet unrestricted (SD-UR), a ketogenic diet unrestricted (KD-UR), the SD restricted to 40% (SD-R), or the KD restricted to 40% of the control standard diet (KD-R). Body weights, tumour weights, plasma glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured 13 days after tumour implantation. CT-2A growth was rapid in both the SD-UR and KD-UR groups, but was significantly reduced in both the SD-R and KD-R groups by about 80%. The results indicate that plasma glucose predicts CT-2A growth and that growth is dependent more on the amount than o...

The Economists' Voice, 2012

He has written five books on the various "sin" industries.

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2012

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2009

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2013

Bierman, supra note 2.

Epilepsia, 2002

Summary: Purpose: Caloric restriction (CR) involves underfeeding and has long been recognized as... more Summary: Purpose: Caloric restriction (CR) involves underfeeding and has long been recognized as a dietary therapy that improves health and increases longevity. In contrast to severe fasting or starvation, CR reduces total food intake without causing nutritional deficiencies. Although fasting has been recognized as an effective antiseizure therapy since the time of the ancient Greeks, the mechanism by which fasting inhibits seizures remains obscure. The influence of CR on seizure susceptibility was investigated at both juvenile (30 days) and adult (70 days) ages in the EL mouse, a genetic model of multifactorial idiopathic epilepsy.Methods: The juvenile EL mice were separated into two groups and fed standard lab chow either ad libitum (control, n = 18) or with a 15% CR diet (treated, n = 17). The adult EL mice were separated into three groups; control (n = 15), 15% CR (n = 6), and 30% CR (n = 3). Body weights, seizure susceptibility, and the levels of blood glucose and ketones (β‐h...

Business & Society, 1998

The purpose of this article is to extend from the business and society research focus on corporat... more The purpose of this article is to extend from the business and society research focus on corporate political strategy and to factor this emphasis into business strategy thinking. The approach taken is to incorporate business and society concepts into a model that parallels Michael Porter's well-known Five Forces Model of business strategy. The applicability of the parallel model for practitioners and academics is then illustrated by using the model to analyze the television violence issue.

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2012

As William Shaw’s (2008) textbook states, by way of observation, “To a significant extent, law co... more As William Shaw’s (2008) textbook states, by way of observation, “To a significant extent, law codifies a society’s customs, ideals, norms, and moral values” (pp. 10-11). Shaw adds that “changes in the law tend to reflect changes in what a society takes to be right and wrong...” (p. 11). We think Shaw is correct, and we work to have our students understand that ethics drives the law. Focusing on moral responsibility and legal liability, we offer a model that can help students see the relationship between law and ethics. First we highlight the broader concepts establishing moral responsibility and legal liability. Then we show that narrower, more specific principles in ethics have a parallel in law. For the former, we rely on long established considered judgments from ethics and established legal concepts. For the latter, we rely on the four specific elements associated with moral wrong-doing in organizational settings and on the famous 1983 Soldano v. O’Daniels case. Richard J. McGo...

Preface The Cigarette Industry and Government An Introduction to the Cigarette-Government Controv... more Preface The Cigarette Industry and Government An Introduction to the Cigarette-Government Controversy The History of Government Regulation of the Cigarette Industry: A Three Wave Model A Convergence Model for Business and Public Policy Cigarette Sales, Cigarette Prices, and State Excise Tax Policy Evaluating the Effects of Second Wave Policies on Cigarette Sales The Cigarette Excise Tax: The Public Policy Measure of the Third Wave Regulation The State and Cigarette Excise Taxes: Dependency, Revenue, and Competition The Future of the Cigarette Industry New Horizons for the Cigarette Industry: The Privatization of the Worldwide Cigarette Industry Conclusions, Analysis, and Implications Bibliography Index

As one of the first business ethics textbook states, by way of observation, “Custom, convention a... more As one of the first business ethics textbook states, by way of observation, “Custom, convention and the accepted courtesies of a society are not the foundation of ethics even though they provide valuable hints as to what men think...Law enshrines many of the ethical judgments of a society, but it is not coextensive with ethics” (Garrett, 1966, p. 1). Therefore, “changes in the law tend to reflect changes in what a society takes to be right and wrong...” (Shaw, 2008, p. 11). We think Garrett and Shaw are correct; thus, we work to have our students understand that ethics differs from legal codes but that ethics drives the law. These two points can effectively be shown with regard to environmental ethics. We offer a model that can help students see the relationship between law and ethics. First, we briefly explore the development of environmental ethics and highlight the broader ethical considerations related to the environment. Then, we trace the legal history that followed philosophi...

The Economists' Voice, 2017

We lay out a framework for assessing if calorie sweetened beverage taxes are effective, and, conc... more We lay out a framework for assessing if calorie sweetened beverage taxes are effective, and, concluding they are not, provide recommendations for better solutions. Similar taxes, known as sin taxes, generally have three specific goals: 1) to lower consumption of the offending substance or activity; 2) to minimize the black market; and 3) to generate government revenues. We find that on the whole, caloric sweetened beverage taxes fail to meet each of the criteria for effective sin taxes. They neither meaningfully lower consumption of caloric sweeteners generally, nor do they provide for a healthier alternative. They are straightforward to geographically circumvent, and there are many carve outs which are not taxed, dampening the impact they could have on the consumption of caloric sweeteners. Although these taxes are potentially a significant source of tax revenue, such collections are largely and disproportionately borne by the poor. Instead, we propose enacting a broad policy on a ...

Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society, 1990

Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society, 1993

Nutrition & metabolism, Oct 19, 2004

BACKGROUND: The high fat, low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was developed as an alternative to... more BACKGROUND: The high fat, low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was developed as an alternative to fasting for seizure management. While the mechanisms by which fasting and the KD inhibit seizures remain speculative, alterations in brain energy metabolism are likely involved. We previously showed that caloric restriction (CR) inhibits seizure susceptibility by reducing blood glucose in the epileptic EL mouse, a natural model for human multifactorial idiopathic epilepsy. In this study, we compared the antiepileptic and anticonvulsant efficacy of the KD with that of CR in adult EL mice with active epilepsy. EL mice that experienced at least 15 recurrent complex partial seizures were fed either a standard diet unrestricted (SD-UR) or restricted (SD-R), and either a KD unrestricted (KD-UR) or restricted (KD-R). All mice were fasted for 14 hrs prior to diet initiation. A new experimental design was used where each mouse in the diet-restricted groups served as its own control to achieve a ...

British journal of cancer, Jan 6, 2003

Brain tumours lack metabolic versatility and are dependent largely on glucose for energy. This co... more Brain tumours lack metabolic versatility and are dependent largely on glucose for energy. This contrasts with normal brain tissue that can derive energy from both glucose and ketone bodies. We examined for the first time the potential efficacy of dietary therapies that reduce plasma glucose and elevate ketone bodies in the CT-2A syngeneic malignant mouse astrocytoma. C57BL/6J mice were fed either a standard diet unrestricted (SD-UR), a ketogenic diet unrestricted (KD-UR), the SD restricted to 40% (SD-R), or the KD restricted to 40% of the control standard diet (KD-R). Body weights, tumour weights, plasma glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured 13 days after tumour implantation. CT-2A growth was rapid in both the SD-UR and KD-UR groups, but was significantly reduced in both the SD-R and KD-R groups by about 80%. The results indicate that plasma glucose predicts CT-2A growth and that growth is dependent more on the amount than o...

The Economists' Voice, 2012

He has written five books on the various "sin" industries.

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2012

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2009

Gaming Law Review and Economics, 2013

Bierman, supra note 2.

Epilepsia, 2002

Summary: Purpose: Caloric restriction (CR) involves underfeeding and has long been recognized as... more Summary: Purpose: Caloric restriction (CR) involves underfeeding and has long been recognized as a dietary therapy that improves health and increases longevity. In contrast to severe fasting or starvation, CR reduces total food intake without causing nutritional deficiencies. Although fasting has been recognized as an effective antiseizure therapy since the time of the ancient Greeks, the mechanism by which fasting inhibits seizures remains obscure. The influence of CR on seizure susceptibility was investigated at both juvenile (30 days) and adult (70 days) ages in the EL mouse, a genetic model of multifactorial idiopathic epilepsy.Methods: The juvenile EL mice were separated into two groups and fed standard lab chow either ad libitum (control, n = 18) or with a 15% CR diet (treated, n = 17). The adult EL mice were separated into three groups; control (n = 15), 15% CR (n = 6), and 30% CR (n = 3). Body weights, seizure susceptibility, and the levels of blood glucose and ketones (β‐h...

Business & Society, 1998

The purpose of this article is to extend from the business and society research focus on corporat... more The purpose of this article is to extend from the business and society research focus on corporate political strategy and to factor this emphasis into business strategy thinking. The approach taken is to incorporate business and society concepts into a model that parallels Michael Porter's well-known Five Forces Model of business strategy. The applicability of the parallel model for practitioners and academics is then illustrated by using the model to analyze the television violence issue.