Richard Totty - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Richard Totty

Research paper thumbnail of The numbers game

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of The Journal of Detective Horace Walpole—A Record of Forensic Science in the 1930s

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1983

The journal of Detective Walpole records his scientific examination of a variety of cases during ... more The journal of Detective Walpole records his scientific examination of a variety of cases during the years 1935 and 1936, providing a unique insight into the workings of a pioneering forensic science laboratory.

Research paper thumbnail of Variability of Stroke Direction between Left-and Right-handed Writers

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1985

The direction of pen movement within selected characters in the handwriting of a large sample of ... more The direction of pen movement within selected characters in the handwriting of a large sample of writers has been determined. The results show significant differences between leftand right-handed writers and allow an estimate to be made of the confidence with which a document examiner can attribute handwriting to a particular writing hand.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation between the signs of magnetic circular dichroism bands and structure in carbonyl compounds

Journal of the Chemical Society D: Chemical Communications, 1971

Empirical rules for rationalization of the signs At a wavelength characteristic of the lowest ene... more Empirical rules for rationalization of the signs At a wavelength characteristic of the lowest energy isotropic transition ketones exhibited a single positive or negative m.c.d. band or an S-shaped curve with the positive component at longer wavelength,t and, whilst the effect of the molecular environment was discussed, no comprehensive rationale was proposed.' of m.c.d. bands of carbonyl compounds are presented. THE magnetic circular dichroism spectra of a number of aliphatic ketones have recently been shown to be sensitive to the structural environment around the carbonyl gr0up.l t With the exception of 1,1,l-trichloropropan-2-one.

Research paper thumbnail of Colour in Document Examination

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1977

The examination of colour is of particular importance in the investigatation of documents. Colour... more The examination of colour is of particular importance in the investigatation of documents. Coloured fillers may be used to decipher obliterated or altered writing and printing and apparently similar inks may be distinguished by photographic techniques or by thin layer chromatography of the constituent dyes. Sometimes the presence of even minute traces of colour can be significant.

Research paper thumbnail of The differentiation of toners used in photocopy processes by infrared spectroscopy

Forensic Science International, 1983

... 82 CANON NPN11 1 6 1 i 10 iw XEROX 660 60 y I ~ 40 zaa / ~, TOSHIBAFAX BD711 ~I 60 40 1000 35... more ... 82 CANON NPN11 1 6 1 i 10 iw XEROX 660 60 y I ~ 40 zaa / ~, TOSHIBAFAX BD711 ~I 60 40 1000 3500 3000 25M 2000 me 1600 I6 B0 1200 1000 DOB 600 100 200 WAVENUMBER (CM ... This may be a result of poor sample, a faint copy or be a characteristic of the toner itself. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The examination of photocopy documents

Forensic Science International, 1990

This paper discusses, with reference to specific case investigations, the various techniques avai... more This paper discusses, with reference to specific case investigations, the various techniques available for the solution of these problems. These include some very simple techniques which are in everyday use by forensic scientists, for example trained and informed visual and low power microscopic examination of the documents. They also include the application of techniques which are frequently used in forensic science laboratories, for example energy dispersive spectrometry (using a scanning electron microscope) and infra red spectroscopy, but which are rarely applied to document examination. Also involved are techniques which are well developed within particular fields — for example the detailed analysis of paper fibres — but which are rarely, if at all, used in forensic science.

Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of the use of visible microspectrometry and high performance thin layer chromatography for the discrimination of aqueous inks used in porous tip and roller ball pens

Forensic Science International, 1985

Abstract Ink lines made by porous tip and roller ball pens have been examined by high performance... more Abstract Ink lines made by porous tip and roller ball pens have been examined by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and by transmission microspectrophotometry (VM) in the visible region. Better discrimination between apparently similar coloured inks was obtained with HPTLC but VM has value as an additional technique for ink examination.

Research paper thumbnail of Stereochemical aspects of carbohydrate chemistry

Research paper thumbnail of X-ray microprobe analysis of coated papers used in photocopying processes

Forensic Science International, 1979

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of The scrivener's materials

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of Computer-Related Crime

Information Technology & The Law, 1986

Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: CORRELATION OF CIRCULAR DICHROISM AND CONFORMATION IN GAMM DELTA- AND DELTA XI-UNSATURATED KETONES

Chemischer Informationsdienst

Research paper thumbnail of A Preliminary Assessment of the SIGNCHECK System for Signature Authentication

Journal of the Forensic Science Society

An evaluation was made of the SIGNCHECK signature verifier. The equipment digitizes signatures on... more An evaluation was made of the SIGNCHECK signature verifier. The equipment digitizes signatures on cheques and compares them with a reference set of parameter values encoded on the cheque. Its performance in its intended role, as a screening device for unseen forgeries at the time of presentation of a cheque, was adequate, but it has numerous limitations as a laboratory aid to the investigation of questioned signatures. It is a step towards mechanization of this task, and some deficiencies may be remedied by improvements to the device, such as increasing the resolution of the scanning.

Research paper thumbnail of Induced optical rotation and circular dichroism of symmetric and racemic aliphatic carbonyl compounds

Journal of the Chemical Society D Chemical Communications, 1969

Research paper thumbnail of Rationalization of the chiroptical properties of the ?4-3-oxo-steroids

Journal of the Chemical Society D Chemical Communications, 1971

Research paper thumbnail of The circular dichroism of pentoses

Research paper thumbnail of Optical Activity of Symmetric Compounds in Chiral Media. I. Induced Circular Dichroism of Unbound Substrates

Can J Chem, 1971

In the presence of chiral environment compounds, C, optical rotation is induced in symmetric subs... more In the presence of chiral environment compounds, C, optical rotation is induced in symmetric substrates, S, and may be detected as circular dichroism in the electronic spectra of the solutions. Thus the n − π* transitions of symmetric and racemic carbonyl compounds, and of symmetric nitro and azo compounds, become optically active when these S are dissolved in chiral hydrocarbons, ketones, or carbinols, or in solutions of these C in achiral solvents. The rotational strengths of the induced circular dichroism bands of S are solvent, temperature, and concentration dependent. Only limited correlation of the sign and magnitude of the induced bands with the stereochemistry of C and S is evident on the data so far accumulated. Halogenated achiral solvents enhance the intensity, and, in some cases reverse the sign of the induced bands.A new mechanism of asymmetric induction is proposed in which specific bonding of C with S is not prerequisite.

Research paper thumbnail of The scientific examination of documentsDavid Ellen, Ellis Horwood, 1989. 182 pp. �39.95

Research paper thumbnail of Computer-Related Crime

Information Technology & The Law, 1990

Research paper thumbnail of The numbers game

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of The Journal of Detective Horace Walpole—A Record of Forensic Science in the 1930s

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1983

The journal of Detective Walpole records his scientific examination of a variety of cases during ... more The journal of Detective Walpole records his scientific examination of a variety of cases during the years 1935 and 1936, providing a unique insight into the workings of a pioneering forensic science laboratory.

Research paper thumbnail of Variability of Stroke Direction between Left-and Right-handed Writers

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1985

The direction of pen movement within selected characters in the handwriting of a large sample of ... more The direction of pen movement within selected characters in the handwriting of a large sample of writers has been determined. The results show significant differences between leftand right-handed writers and allow an estimate to be made of the confidence with which a document examiner can attribute handwriting to a particular writing hand.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation between the signs of magnetic circular dichroism bands and structure in carbonyl compounds

Journal of the Chemical Society D: Chemical Communications, 1971

Empirical rules for rationalization of the signs At a wavelength characteristic of the lowest ene... more Empirical rules for rationalization of the signs At a wavelength characteristic of the lowest energy isotropic transition ketones exhibited a single positive or negative m.c.d. band or an S-shaped curve with the positive component at longer wavelength,t and, whilst the effect of the molecular environment was discussed, no comprehensive rationale was proposed.' of m.c.d. bands of carbonyl compounds are presented. THE magnetic circular dichroism spectra of a number of aliphatic ketones have recently been shown to be sensitive to the structural environment around the carbonyl gr0up.l t With the exception of 1,1,l-trichloropropan-2-one.

Research paper thumbnail of Colour in Document Examination

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1977

The examination of colour is of particular importance in the investigatation of documents. Colour... more The examination of colour is of particular importance in the investigatation of documents. Coloured fillers may be used to decipher obliterated or altered writing and printing and apparently similar inks may be distinguished by photographic techniques or by thin layer chromatography of the constituent dyes. Sometimes the presence of even minute traces of colour can be significant.

Research paper thumbnail of The differentiation of toners used in photocopy processes by infrared spectroscopy

Forensic Science International, 1983

... 82 CANON NPN11 1 6 1 i 10 iw XEROX 660 60 y I ~ 40 zaa / ~, TOSHIBAFAX BD711 ~I 60 40 1000 35... more ... 82 CANON NPN11 1 6 1 i 10 iw XEROX 660 60 y I ~ 40 zaa / ~, TOSHIBAFAX BD711 ~I 60 40 1000 3500 3000 25M 2000 me 1600 I6 B0 1200 1000 DOB 600 100 200 WAVENUMBER (CM ... This may be a result of poor sample, a faint copy or be a characteristic of the toner itself. ...

Research paper thumbnail of The examination of photocopy documents

Forensic Science International, 1990

This paper discusses, with reference to specific case investigations, the various techniques avai... more This paper discusses, with reference to specific case investigations, the various techniques available for the solution of these problems. These include some very simple techniques which are in everyday use by forensic scientists, for example trained and informed visual and low power microscopic examination of the documents. They also include the application of techniques which are frequently used in forensic science laboratories, for example energy dispersive spectrometry (using a scanning electron microscope) and infra red spectroscopy, but which are rarely applied to document examination. Also involved are techniques which are well developed within particular fields — for example the detailed analysis of paper fibres — but which are rarely, if at all, used in forensic science.

Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of the use of visible microspectrometry and high performance thin layer chromatography for the discrimination of aqueous inks used in porous tip and roller ball pens

Forensic Science International, 1985

Abstract Ink lines made by porous tip and roller ball pens have been examined by high performance... more Abstract Ink lines made by porous tip and roller ball pens have been examined by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and by transmission microspectrophotometry (VM) in the visible region. Better discrimination between apparently similar coloured inks was obtained with HPTLC but VM has value as an additional technique for ink examination.

Research paper thumbnail of Stereochemical aspects of carbohydrate chemistry

Research paper thumbnail of X-ray microprobe analysis of coated papers used in photocopying processes

Forensic Science International, 1979

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of The scrivener's materials

Journal of the Forensic Science Society, 1985

Research paper thumbnail of Computer-Related Crime

Information Technology & The Law, 1986

Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: CORRELATION OF CIRCULAR DICHROISM AND CONFORMATION IN GAMM DELTA- AND DELTA XI-UNSATURATED KETONES

Chemischer Informationsdienst

Research paper thumbnail of A Preliminary Assessment of the SIGNCHECK System for Signature Authentication

Journal of the Forensic Science Society

An evaluation was made of the SIGNCHECK signature verifier. The equipment digitizes signatures on... more An evaluation was made of the SIGNCHECK signature verifier. The equipment digitizes signatures on cheques and compares them with a reference set of parameter values encoded on the cheque. Its performance in its intended role, as a screening device for unseen forgeries at the time of presentation of a cheque, was adequate, but it has numerous limitations as a laboratory aid to the investigation of questioned signatures. It is a step towards mechanization of this task, and some deficiencies may be remedied by improvements to the device, such as increasing the resolution of the scanning.

Research paper thumbnail of Induced optical rotation and circular dichroism of symmetric and racemic aliphatic carbonyl compounds

Journal of the Chemical Society D Chemical Communications, 1969

Research paper thumbnail of Rationalization of the chiroptical properties of the ?4-3-oxo-steroids

Journal of the Chemical Society D Chemical Communications, 1971

Research paper thumbnail of The circular dichroism of pentoses

Research paper thumbnail of Optical Activity of Symmetric Compounds in Chiral Media. I. Induced Circular Dichroism of Unbound Substrates

Can J Chem, 1971

In the presence of chiral environment compounds, C, optical rotation is induced in symmetric subs... more In the presence of chiral environment compounds, C, optical rotation is induced in symmetric substrates, S, and may be detected as circular dichroism in the electronic spectra of the solutions. Thus the n − π* transitions of symmetric and racemic carbonyl compounds, and of symmetric nitro and azo compounds, become optically active when these S are dissolved in chiral hydrocarbons, ketones, or carbinols, or in solutions of these C in achiral solvents. The rotational strengths of the induced circular dichroism bands of S are solvent, temperature, and concentration dependent. Only limited correlation of the sign and magnitude of the induced bands with the stereochemistry of C and S is evident on the data so far accumulated. Halogenated achiral solvents enhance the intensity, and, in some cases reverse the sign of the induced bands.A new mechanism of asymmetric induction is proposed in which specific bonding of C with S is not prerequisite.

Research paper thumbnail of The scientific examination of documentsDavid Ellen, Ellis Horwood, 1989. 182 pp. �39.95

Research paper thumbnail of Computer-Related Crime

Information Technology & The Law, 1990