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Papers by Ricky Lee
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2002
The preform design in metal forging plays a key role in improving product quality, such as ensuri... more The preform design in metal forging plays a key role in improving product quality, such as ensuring defect-free property and proper metal ow. In industry, preforms are generally designed by the iterative trial-and-error approach. This approach, however, leads not only to the increase of signiÿcant tool cost but also to the extended down-time of the production equipment. It is thus necessary to reduce time and man power through an e ective method of preform design. In this paper, the equi-potential lines designed in the electric ÿeld are introduced to ÿnd an appropriate preform shape. The equi-potential lines generated between two conductors of di erent voltages show similar trends for the minimum work paths between the undeformed shape and the deformed shape. Based on this similarity, the equi-potential lines obtained by the arrangement of the initial and ÿnal shapes are utilized for the design of the preform, and then the artiÿcial neural network is used to ÿnd the range of initial volume and potential value of the electric ÿeld. ?
This paper reports on an investigation of one university EFL learners' attitudes towards English ... more This paper reports on an investigation of one university EFL learners' attitudes towards English in relation to their motivation to learn the language and awareness of their ethnic identity. 111 university students answered a 22-item Language Attitudes Questionnaire. Analyses of the data reveal that the respondents held positive attitudes towards English. They wish to speak fluent and accurate English, were motivated to learn the language by watching English-speaking films, and valued their association with English-speaking culture and people, whereas considering their native language superior to English. Thus the paper concludes that the students had a sound sense of Chinese identity with an appreciation of the value of the English language.
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2002
The preform design in metal forging plays a key role in improving product quality, such as ensuri... more The preform design in metal forging plays a key role in improving product quality, such as ensuring defect-free property and proper metal ow. In industry, preforms are generally designed by the iterative trial-and-error approach. This approach, however, leads not only to the increase of signiÿcant tool cost but also to the extended down-time of the production equipment. It is thus necessary to reduce time and man power through an e ective method of preform design. In this paper, the equi-potential lines designed in the electric ÿeld are introduced to ÿnd an appropriate preform shape. The equi-potential lines generated between two conductors of di erent voltages show similar trends for the minimum work paths between the undeformed shape and the deformed shape. Based on this similarity, the equi-potential lines obtained by the arrangement of the initial and ÿnal shapes are utilized for the design of the preform, and then the artiÿcial neural network is used to ÿnd the range of initial volume and potential value of the electric ÿeld. ?
This paper reports on an investigation of one university EFL learners' attitudes towards English ... more This paper reports on an investigation of one university EFL learners' attitudes towards English in relation to their motivation to learn the language and awareness of their ethnic identity. 111 university students answered a 22-item Language Attitudes Questionnaire. Analyses of the data reveal that the respondents held positive attitudes towards English. They wish to speak fluent and accurate English, were motivated to learn the language by watching English-speaking films, and valued their association with English-speaking culture and people, whereas considering their native language superior to English. Thus the paper concludes that the students had a sound sense of Chinese identity with an appreciation of the value of the English language.