Rieks Smeets - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Rieks Smeets
Routledge eBooks, Nov 16, 2023
Mohammed Bedjaoui presided over the meeting of government experts in charge of developing the Con... more Mohammed Bedjaoui presided over the meeting of government experts in charge of developing the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage. He gives his opinion on the value and fragility of intangible cultural heritage as well as the objectives and stakes of the Convention
In what follows we present a Circassian (Circ) text, a poem of about 1000 lines, which has been w... more In what follows we present a Circassian (Circ) text, a poem of about 1000 lines, which has been written, edited and printed by Circassians. These activities were carried out in the early part of this century, in Turkey. Apart from the fact that any text written consistently in a particular dialect adds to our knowledge of the language in question, this text is especially interesting because it enables one to make generalizations about a Circassian idiolect as it was spoken 70 years ago. Seventy years is a considerable age for a Circ text. That it has been written down by a native speaker who had obvious linguistic talents renders our text still more valuable.
Museum International, 2004
Museum International, 2004
Central Asian Survey, 1995
Museum International, 2004
Language, 1996
... languages (com-pared to the five languages of the Abkhaz-Adyghean family and the four lan-gua... more ... languages (com-pared to the five languages of the Abkhaz-Adyghean family and the four lan-guages of the Kartvelian family, which ... Of the minor Daghestanian lan-guages, those spoken in Russia are not endangered at present because their speakers live in remote mountain ...
Heritage & Society, 2013
The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and... more The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and Intangible Heritage Conventions illustrate a broader trend towards greater appreciation of the role of communities concerned in identifying, managing and protecting their heritage today. This paper will discuss requirements for greater community involvement in heritage identification and management under the two Conventions, with special attention to the determination of heritage value and the question of authenticity. The Nara Document on Authenticity of 1994, incorporated into the Operational Guidelines of the World Heritage Convention in 2005 (UNESCO 2012a: Annex 4), encouraged a broader definition of authenticity that is sensitive to cultural context. Nevertheless, the determination of heritage value and authenticity still remains largely in the hands of experts outside communities associated with World Heritage properties. Although there is no reference to authenticity in the Intangible Heritage Convention (UNESCO 2003), States Parties are specifically requested to ensure that it is communities, groups or individuals concerned who identify the value of their own intangible heritage. Yet because of a lack of oversight mechanisms under the Convention, it is difficult to ensure that this is done, especially since there is no permanent mechanism for community representation to the Organs of either Convention.
Heritage and Society, Nov 2013
The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and... more The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and Intangible Heritage Conventions illustrate a broader trend towards greater appreciation of the role of communities concerned in identifying, managing and protecting their heritage today. This paper will discuss requirements for greater community involvement in heritage identification and management under the two Conventions, with special attention to the determination of heritage value and the question of authenticity. The Nara Document on Authenticity of 1994, incorporated into the Operational Guidelines of the World Heritage Convention in 2005 (UNESCO 2012a: Annex 4), encouraged a broader definition of authenticity that is sensitive to cultural context. Nevertheless, the determination of heritage value and authenticity still remains largely in the hands of experts outside communities associated with World Heritage properties. Although there is no reference to authenticity in the Intangible Heritage Convention (UNESCO 2003), States Parties are specifically requested to ensure that it is communities, groups or individuals concerned who identify the value of their own intangible heritage. Yet because of a lack of oversight mechanisms under the Convention, it is difficult to ensure that this is done, especially since there is no permanent mechanism for community representation to the Organs of either Convention.
Routledge eBooks, Nov 16, 2023
Mohammed Bedjaoui presided over the meeting of government experts in charge of developing the Con... more Mohammed Bedjaoui presided over the meeting of government experts in charge of developing the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage. He gives his opinion on the value and fragility of intangible cultural heritage as well as the objectives and stakes of the Convention
In what follows we present a Circassian (Circ) text, a poem of about 1000 lines, which has been w... more In what follows we present a Circassian (Circ) text, a poem of about 1000 lines, which has been written, edited and printed by Circassians. These activities were carried out in the early part of this century, in Turkey. Apart from the fact that any text written consistently in a particular dialect adds to our knowledge of the language in question, this text is especially interesting because it enables one to make generalizations about a Circassian idiolect as it was spoken 70 years ago. Seventy years is a considerable age for a Circ text. That it has been written down by a native speaker who had obvious linguistic talents renders our text still more valuable.
Museum International, 2004
Museum International, 2004
Central Asian Survey, 1995
Museum International, 2004
Language, 1996
... languages (com-pared to the five languages of the Abkhaz-Adyghean family and the four lan-gua... more ... languages (com-pared to the five languages of the Abkhaz-Adyghean family and the four lan-guages of the Kartvelian family, which ... Of the minor Daghestanian lan-guages, those spoken in Russia are not endangered at present because their speakers live in remote mountain ...
Heritage & Society, 2013
The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and... more The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and Intangible Heritage Conventions illustrate a broader trend towards greater appreciation of the role of communities concerned in identifying, managing and protecting their heritage today. This paper will discuss requirements for greater community involvement in heritage identification and management under the two Conventions, with special attention to the determination of heritage value and the question of authenticity. The Nara Document on Authenticity of 1994, incorporated into the Operational Guidelines of the World Heritage Convention in 2005 (UNESCO 2012a: Annex 4), encouraged a broader definition of authenticity that is sensitive to cultural context. Nevertheless, the determination of heritage value and authenticity still remains largely in the hands of experts outside communities associated with World Heritage properties. Although there is no reference to authenticity in the Intangible Heritage Convention (UNESCO 2003), States Parties are specifically requested to ensure that it is communities, groups or individuals concerned who identify the value of their own intangible heritage. Yet because of a lack of oversight mechanisms under the Convention, it is difficult to ensure that this is done, especially since there is no permanent mechanism for community representation to the Organs of either Convention.
Heritage and Society, Nov 2013
The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and... more The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage and Intangible Heritage Conventions illustrate a broader trend towards greater appreciation of the role of communities concerned in identifying, managing and protecting their heritage today. This paper will discuss requirements for greater community involvement in heritage identification and management under the two Conventions, with special attention to the determination of heritage value and the question of authenticity. The Nara Document on Authenticity of 1994, incorporated into the Operational Guidelines of the World Heritage Convention in 2005 (UNESCO 2012a: Annex 4), encouraged a broader definition of authenticity that is sensitive to cultural context. Nevertheless, the determination of heritage value and authenticity still remains largely in the hands of experts outside communities associated with World Heritage properties. Although there is no reference to authenticity in the Intangible Heritage Convention (UNESCO 2003), States Parties are specifically requested to ensure that it is communities, groups or individuals concerned who identify the value of their own intangible heritage. Yet because of a lack of oversight mechanisms under the Convention, it is difficult to ensure that this is done, especially since there is no permanent mechanism for community representation to the Organs of either Convention.