Rishav Raj - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rishav Raj

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies, Sep 22, 2022

arXiv (Cornell University), Aug 10, 2022

A conceptual design of a novel UVC-LED air-cleaner is presented as part of an international educa... more A conceptual design of a novel UVC-LED air-cleaner is presented as part of an international educational-research study. The main components are a dust-filter assembly, a UVC chamber and a fan. The dust-filter aims to suppress dust accumulation that will hamper the UVC chamber operation. The innovation is in the UVC chamber that includes a novel turbulence-generating grid to enhance air mixing in the chamber and a novel LEDs layout to achieve sufficient kill of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and TB bacterium aerosols with a reasonable power consumption. Both diseases have hit hard low to medium income countries and this study is part of an effort to offer non-pharmaceutical solutions to mitigate the air-transmission of such diseases. Low to high fidelity methods of computational fluid dynamics and UVC ray method are used to show that the design can provide a kill above 97% for Covid and TB, and above 92% for influenza-A. This is at a flow rate of 100 l/s, power consumption of less than 300W and a device size that is both portable and may also fit into ventilation ducts. Research and educational methodologies are discussed, along with analysis of the inexpensive dust-filter performance and the irradiation and flow fields.

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021

Agroforestry is the intentional planting of agricultural crops and/or animals alongside woody per... more Agroforestry is the intentional planting of agricultural crops and/or animals alongside woody perennial trees on the same plot of land. Integration of trees in an agroforestry system seeks positive interaction between trees and crops. Adoption of such system improves the microclimate and soil productivity. A field experiment entitled "Influence of intercultural techniques on growth & yield of rainfed green gram (Vigna radiate L.) Under Agri-horti system" was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, BHU, Barkachha, Mirzapur, (U.P.). The experiment consisting of six intercultural techniques treatments was executed in Randomized Block Design having four replications on sandy loam soil during Kharif season 2019. The treatments were Control (No interculture) (T1), Rice straw mulch (2 tonnes ha-1) (T2), {T2 + Pre-mergence herbicide (Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1)} (T3), Hoeing at 15 DAS (T4), Hoeing at 30 DAS (T5), Hand weeding @ 20 & 40 DAS (T6).The Result revealed that the treatment T6(two hand weeding @ 20 & 40 DAS) registered significantly supreme plant height (cm), no. of branches plant-1 , dry matter accumulation plant-1 , no. of pods plant-1 , pod length (cm), no of grains pod-1 , 1000 grain weight, higher nutrient content (%)and uptake (kg ha-1) in grain & stover, grain yield (920.75 kg ha-1), stover yield (1860 kg ha-1), biological yield, and harvest index (33.08%).

2017 Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2017

This paper aims to apply a simple method to design the frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber... more This paper aims to apply a simple method to design the frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber with honeycomb substrate. This method is characterized by the combination of the equivalent circuit model for FSS and the effective electromagnetic parameters for honeycomb substrate. First, we use the effective medium theory to calculate the effective permittivity of a nonmagnetic lossless honeycomb substrate. Second, the calculated effective permittivity is introduced into the equivalent circuit model to describe the performance the square ring FSS absorber with honeycomb substrate. Then, a FSS-honeycomb absorber with wide band absorbing property in 6–14GHz frequency range is designed by using this simple method and the results shows that the on the one hand, the applied method is a more convenient one compared with the full-wave analysis; on the other hand, there is still a little difference between the calculated and simulated resonant frequency, which needs to be concerned in the f...

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2017

Central pontinemyelinolysis(CPM)also known as osmotic demyelination syndrome , is a neurological ... more Central pontinemyelinolysis(CPM)also known as osmotic demyelination syndrome , is a neurological disease caused by severe damage of the myelin sheath of nerve cells in the brainstem , more precisely in the area termed the pons, predominately of iatrogenic etiology 1 . It is characterized by acute paralysis, dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), and dysarthria (difficulty inspeaking), and other neurological symptoms. 2 The most common cause is the too rapid correction of low blood sodium levels.CPM may also occur in patients affected by Severe liver disease Liver transplant Alcoholism Severe burns Malnutrition Anorexia Severe electrolyte disorders AIDS Hyperemesis gravidarum Hyponatremia due to Peritoneal Dialysis Wernicke encephalopathy

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2021

In this paper, a facile method was introduced to fabricate fine conductive patterns by low-temper... more In this paper, a facile method was introduced to fabricate fine conductive patterns by low-temperature selective laser sintering of Cu nanoparticles. By virtue of a nanosecond-pulsed ultraviolet laser source, fine circuits with a thickness of ∼8 μm and a conductivity of 3–6.5 × 106 S m−1 was successfully fabricated from Cu nanoparticle paste with a high metal content >80 wt.% on a flexible substrate at a wide scan rate range of 5–500 mm s−1. The sintered circuits exhibited a special sandwich morphology, with fully melted features in the centre and thermally sintered neck-connected features on the edges. A twofold linear relationship between the width of thermally sintered region and the reciprocal of the laser scan rate was revealed, indicating a heat dissipation mode transition from metal layer dominated dissipation to substrate dominated dissipation with the decrease of the laser scan rate. Finite element simulations were carried out to study the evolutions of temperature field and heat dissipation with changing laser scan rate and power, and the results fitted well with experimental results. On this basis, a relational expression was further proposed to determine the optimal processing window for laser sintering of metal nanoparticle layers. Our method extends the producible thickness and improves the fabrication efficiency of laser-printed circuits with desirable conductivity. The findings of this study can provide a guidance for understanding and controlling the sintering and heat transfer process of printing methods with similar materials and techniques.

ChemElectroChem, 2021

In this paper, isotropic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were successfully sythesized by using Cu(CH... more In this paper, isotropic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were successfully sythesized by using Cu(CH3COO)2 and ascorbic acid in absolute ethanol solution. With the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) protective additive, the size distribution range of the synthesized CuNPs was significantly reduced from 650 ± 415 nm to 51 ± 12 nm. Electrodeposition analysis revealed that PVP could greatly suppress the reduction of Cu but had no prominent effects on the deposition mechanism. Based on the potentiostatic deposition results, a growth model was proposed to improve the applicability of the Scharifker-Hills model by considering both the surface inhibition effect and the mass diffusion during the growth process of Cu nuclei. The experimental data fitted well with the prediction results from the proposed model, indicating that the electrodeposition of Cu followed the progressive nucleation process. The PVP additive could inhibit the deposition and growth of Cu by increasing the surface inhibition for cation incorporation on the nuclei, which was probably the main reason for the refinement of the sythesized CuNPs. Our findings can provide insights for the preparation of metallic nanoparticles and the understanding of their deposition mechanism.

Canadian Psychologist / Psychologie canadienne, 1968

A total of 111 manuscripts were received in 1967, two more than last year. Ninety-one different c... more A total of 111 manuscripts were received in 1967, two more than last year. Ninety-one different consultants gave their opinions on papers submitted. Of the 91, 67 were from the United States, 22 from Canada, and two from England. I am very grateful to all of them for their help. The Journal carried 30 pages of advertising of which 25 were paid and five were exchange advertisements with other journals. The 30 pages represent an increase from 23 last year. Although this modest increase is most welcome, it seems clear that advertising can never be depended upon as a major source of revenue for a publication of this type.

Machine Learning Approaches and Applications in Applied Intelligence for Healthcare Data Analytics, 2022

Materials Science and Engineering: B

Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2020

Deep learning techniques have produced plausible results for both regular and irregular masks for... more Deep learning techniques have produced plausible results for both regular and irregular masks for challenging task of image inpainting. Few approaches make use of extra information like edge priors for generator network, which preserves the structure which is blurry and distorted. On the other hand, certain approaches use surrounding patches to flow information in the missing regions, which in some scenarios can lead to erroneous output. Motivated by these approaches, we propose a three-stage architecture, which consists of an Edge Generator, followed by a Multi-Branch Image Generator and a Contextual Attention layer to generate high quality plausible patches in the input hole image. We evaluate the proposed architecture on the ICME 2019 Image Inpainting challenge and places2 dataset. The proposed method out-performs state of the art both quantitatively and qualitatively. This model can process rectangular holes at arbitrary locations.

2017 International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES), 2017

A wide variety of applications are making use of battery powered real-time systems in the present... more A wide variety of applications are making use of battery powered real-time systems in the present world. We address the need of an energy efficient design of real-time systems to reduce power consumption while ensuring the timing constraints. We propose a novel algorithm Energy Efficient Bandwidth Inheritance (EE-BWI) Protocol which is an extension of the well-known Bandwidth Inheritance (BWI) Protocol taking into account the energy factor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first of its kind strategy, for scheduling real-time tasks in dynamic systems where tasks can interact through shared resources considering the energy factor including the interactions between hard real-time tasks and soft real-time tasks.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2020

“Web development encompasses many stages, which involve designing the website done by making a wi... more “Web development encompasses many stages, which involve designing the website done by making a wireframe first, after which the code for the frontend and backend is appropriately written over many iterations until the developers arrive at a fully functional and satisfying website for their need. We see how every website starts with the basic idea and structure of the website that can be described using a wireframe. It shows the basic elements and gives developers an idea about the structure of the website. It is given to the developers to create the boilerplate code that places all the elements into place accordingly. The task of converting the wireframe to HTML code is tedious and time-consuming. At present, the boilerplate code is mostly written manually. Currently, the users have to write the HTML code for structuring the elements on the webpage, which leads to a lot of redundant work and users investing their precious time into it. Generally, where the structure of web pages is the same, users would tend to maintain a copy of the pre-existing boilerplate code for reusability. In most cases, the boilerplate code differs for web pages despite the code for the HTML elements being the same. In such situations, the work becomes redundant. However, this process can be automated to ease the world of the web developer community. To make this process effortless, we propose a machine learning model. It will be trained to identify specific symbols and shapes as elements, recognize texts from the wireframe. The model will take in wireframe images as input through the web application. The idea is to process input, recognize each element in the wireframe using the Open Source Computer vision library (OpenCV). Identified elements will each have a corresponding code in the backend. Once the elements on the wireframe are identified, the corresponding code is written into an HTML file. The user gets the HTML file as an output. The creation of the boilerplate code for a website becomes much less time-consuming, which gives developers the freedom to test out many different designs and layouts before opting for the one that best suits their needs.”

In this era of technology advancement, the challenges with respect to delivering right content wi... more In this era of technology advancement, the challenges with respect to delivering right content with accuracy to the user as quick as possible has also extended to some other level. The amount of data which is originated by millions of users in multiple forms like text, video, images has always been a tough task to collaborate at a location and generate information from those data generated at a huge amount. These millions of data require large databases to store them at a location for further usage. In this paper the most prominent of these types of form of data transfer is being discussed i.e. Image. The process of Image Retrieval has become an active research topic because of its application in many fields like Biometric systems, Image Search Engines, Digital Libraries, Medical Records etc. Large databases are also been built in order to store these images. Origin of these images are from multiple equipment tools that are in use in industries like Graphic Design, crime prevention ...

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2017

Peutz jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with mucocutaneous pigmentati... more Peutz jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with mucocutaneous pigmentation and gi polyps.Polyps are often a cause of intussusceptions in the affected patients.Malignancies of the gi tract,uterus and breast are common in patients with PJS.Longterm followup is required to prevent small bowel obstruction and intussusceptions in hildren and cancer in adults.We report a case of PJS presenting with jejunoileal intussusceptions in a 14 years old girl.

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2016

As we know that surfactant treatment at less than 2hrs life reduces mortality as well as morbidit... more As we know that surfactant treatment at less than 2hrs life reduces mortality as well as morbidity from respiratory failure in preterm infants. Preterm infants with established respiratory distress syndrome when administered with surfactant has decreased the risk of chronic lung diseases .Many studies have shown that the administration of surfactant does not have a significant impact on the risk of subsequent neuro-developmental impairment. New synthetic surfactants with surfactant protein like activity are promising new treatments for surfactant deficiency disorders surfactant replacement by bolus or slow infusion in infants with severe meconium aspiration syndrome improved oxygenation and reduce severity of respiratory failure , air leak and for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Not only this,surfactant improved oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation but CPAP with or without exogenous surfactant may reduce the need for additional surfactant ...

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies, Sep 22, 2022

arXiv (Cornell University), Aug 10, 2022

A conceptual design of a novel UVC-LED air-cleaner is presented as part of an international educa... more A conceptual design of a novel UVC-LED air-cleaner is presented as part of an international educational-research study. The main components are a dust-filter assembly, a UVC chamber and a fan. The dust-filter aims to suppress dust accumulation that will hamper the UVC chamber operation. The innovation is in the UVC chamber that includes a novel turbulence-generating grid to enhance air mixing in the chamber and a novel LEDs layout to achieve sufficient kill of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and TB bacterium aerosols with a reasonable power consumption. Both diseases have hit hard low to medium income countries and this study is part of an effort to offer non-pharmaceutical solutions to mitigate the air-transmission of such diseases. Low to high fidelity methods of computational fluid dynamics and UVC ray method are used to show that the design can provide a kill above 97% for Covid and TB, and above 92% for influenza-A. This is at a flow rate of 100 l/s, power consumption of less than 300W and a device size that is both portable and may also fit into ventilation ducts. Research and educational methodologies are discussed, along with analysis of the inexpensive dust-filter performance and the irradiation and flow fields.

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021

Agroforestry is the intentional planting of agricultural crops and/or animals alongside woody per... more Agroforestry is the intentional planting of agricultural crops and/or animals alongside woody perennial trees on the same plot of land. Integration of trees in an agroforestry system seeks positive interaction between trees and crops. Adoption of such system improves the microclimate and soil productivity. A field experiment entitled "Influence of intercultural techniques on growth & yield of rainfed green gram (Vigna radiate L.) Under Agri-horti system" was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, BHU, Barkachha, Mirzapur, (U.P.). The experiment consisting of six intercultural techniques treatments was executed in Randomized Block Design having four replications on sandy loam soil during Kharif season 2019. The treatments were Control (No interculture) (T1), Rice straw mulch (2 tonnes ha-1) (T2), {T2 + Pre-mergence herbicide (Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1)} (T3), Hoeing at 15 DAS (T4), Hoeing at 30 DAS (T5), Hand weeding @ 20 & 40 DAS (T6).The Result revealed that the treatment T6(two hand weeding @ 20 & 40 DAS) registered significantly supreme plant height (cm), no. of branches plant-1 , dry matter accumulation plant-1 , no. of pods plant-1 , pod length (cm), no of grains pod-1 , 1000 grain weight, higher nutrient content (%)and uptake (kg ha-1) in grain & stover, grain yield (920.75 kg ha-1), stover yield (1860 kg ha-1), biological yield, and harvest index (33.08%).

2017 Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2017

This paper aims to apply a simple method to design the frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber... more This paper aims to apply a simple method to design the frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber with honeycomb substrate. This method is characterized by the combination of the equivalent circuit model for FSS and the effective electromagnetic parameters for honeycomb substrate. First, we use the effective medium theory to calculate the effective permittivity of a nonmagnetic lossless honeycomb substrate. Second, the calculated effective permittivity is introduced into the equivalent circuit model to describe the performance the square ring FSS absorber with honeycomb substrate. Then, a FSS-honeycomb absorber with wide band absorbing property in 6–14GHz frequency range is designed by using this simple method and the results shows that the on the one hand, the applied method is a more convenient one compared with the full-wave analysis; on the other hand, there is still a little difference between the calculated and simulated resonant frequency, which needs to be concerned in the f...

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2017

Central pontinemyelinolysis(CPM)also known as osmotic demyelination syndrome , is a neurological ... more Central pontinemyelinolysis(CPM)also known as osmotic demyelination syndrome , is a neurological disease caused by severe damage of the myelin sheath of nerve cells in the brainstem , more precisely in the area termed the pons, predominately of iatrogenic etiology 1 . It is characterized by acute paralysis, dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), and dysarthria (difficulty inspeaking), and other neurological symptoms. 2 The most common cause is the too rapid correction of low blood sodium levels.CPM may also occur in patients affected by Severe liver disease Liver transplant Alcoholism Severe burns Malnutrition Anorexia Severe electrolyte disorders AIDS Hyperemesis gravidarum Hyponatremia due to Peritoneal Dialysis Wernicke encephalopathy

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2021

In this paper, a facile method was introduced to fabricate fine conductive patterns by low-temper... more In this paper, a facile method was introduced to fabricate fine conductive patterns by low-temperature selective laser sintering of Cu nanoparticles. By virtue of a nanosecond-pulsed ultraviolet laser source, fine circuits with a thickness of ∼8 μm and a conductivity of 3–6.5 × 106 S m−1 was successfully fabricated from Cu nanoparticle paste with a high metal content >80 wt.% on a flexible substrate at a wide scan rate range of 5–500 mm s−1. The sintered circuits exhibited a special sandwich morphology, with fully melted features in the centre and thermally sintered neck-connected features on the edges. A twofold linear relationship between the width of thermally sintered region and the reciprocal of the laser scan rate was revealed, indicating a heat dissipation mode transition from metal layer dominated dissipation to substrate dominated dissipation with the decrease of the laser scan rate. Finite element simulations were carried out to study the evolutions of temperature field and heat dissipation with changing laser scan rate and power, and the results fitted well with experimental results. On this basis, a relational expression was further proposed to determine the optimal processing window for laser sintering of metal nanoparticle layers. Our method extends the producible thickness and improves the fabrication efficiency of laser-printed circuits with desirable conductivity. The findings of this study can provide a guidance for understanding and controlling the sintering and heat transfer process of printing methods with similar materials and techniques.

ChemElectroChem, 2021

In this paper, isotropic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were successfully sythesized by using Cu(CH... more In this paper, isotropic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were successfully sythesized by using Cu(CH3COO)2 and ascorbic acid in absolute ethanol solution. With the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) protective additive, the size distribution range of the synthesized CuNPs was significantly reduced from 650 ± 415 nm to 51 ± 12 nm. Electrodeposition analysis revealed that PVP could greatly suppress the reduction of Cu but had no prominent effects on the deposition mechanism. Based on the potentiostatic deposition results, a growth model was proposed to improve the applicability of the Scharifker-Hills model by considering both the surface inhibition effect and the mass diffusion during the growth process of Cu nuclei. The experimental data fitted well with the prediction results from the proposed model, indicating that the electrodeposition of Cu followed the progressive nucleation process. The PVP additive could inhibit the deposition and growth of Cu by increasing the surface inhibition for cation incorporation on the nuclei, which was probably the main reason for the refinement of the sythesized CuNPs. Our findings can provide insights for the preparation of metallic nanoparticles and the understanding of their deposition mechanism.

Canadian Psychologist / Psychologie canadienne, 1968

A total of 111 manuscripts were received in 1967, two more than last year. Ninety-one different c... more A total of 111 manuscripts were received in 1967, two more than last year. Ninety-one different consultants gave their opinions on papers submitted. Of the 91, 67 were from the United States, 22 from Canada, and two from England. I am very grateful to all of them for their help. The Journal carried 30 pages of advertising of which 25 were paid and five were exchange advertisements with other journals. The 30 pages represent an increase from 23 last year. Although this modest increase is most welcome, it seems clear that advertising can never be depended upon as a major source of revenue for a publication of this type.

Machine Learning Approaches and Applications in Applied Intelligence for Healthcare Data Analytics, 2022

Materials Science and Engineering: B

Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2020

Deep learning techniques have produced plausible results for both regular and irregular masks for... more Deep learning techniques have produced plausible results for both regular and irregular masks for challenging task of image inpainting. Few approaches make use of extra information like edge priors for generator network, which preserves the structure which is blurry and distorted. On the other hand, certain approaches use surrounding patches to flow information in the missing regions, which in some scenarios can lead to erroneous output. Motivated by these approaches, we propose a three-stage architecture, which consists of an Edge Generator, followed by a Multi-Branch Image Generator and a Contextual Attention layer to generate high quality plausible patches in the input hole image. We evaluate the proposed architecture on the ICME 2019 Image Inpainting challenge and places2 dataset. The proposed method out-performs state of the art both quantitatively and qualitatively. This model can process rectangular holes at arbitrary locations.

2017 International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES), 2017

A wide variety of applications are making use of battery powered real-time systems in the present... more A wide variety of applications are making use of battery powered real-time systems in the present world. We address the need of an energy efficient design of real-time systems to reduce power consumption while ensuring the timing constraints. We propose a novel algorithm Energy Efficient Bandwidth Inheritance (EE-BWI) Protocol which is an extension of the well-known Bandwidth Inheritance (BWI) Protocol taking into account the energy factor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first of its kind strategy, for scheduling real-time tasks in dynamic systems where tasks can interact through shared resources considering the energy factor including the interactions between hard real-time tasks and soft real-time tasks.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2020

“Web development encompasses many stages, which involve designing the website done by making a wi... more “Web development encompasses many stages, which involve designing the website done by making a wireframe first, after which the code for the frontend and backend is appropriately written over many iterations until the developers arrive at a fully functional and satisfying website for their need. We see how every website starts with the basic idea and structure of the website that can be described using a wireframe. It shows the basic elements and gives developers an idea about the structure of the website. It is given to the developers to create the boilerplate code that places all the elements into place accordingly. The task of converting the wireframe to HTML code is tedious and time-consuming. At present, the boilerplate code is mostly written manually. Currently, the users have to write the HTML code for structuring the elements on the webpage, which leads to a lot of redundant work and users investing their precious time into it. Generally, where the structure of web pages is the same, users would tend to maintain a copy of the pre-existing boilerplate code for reusability. In most cases, the boilerplate code differs for web pages despite the code for the HTML elements being the same. In such situations, the work becomes redundant. However, this process can be automated to ease the world of the web developer community. To make this process effortless, we propose a machine learning model. It will be trained to identify specific symbols and shapes as elements, recognize texts from the wireframe. The model will take in wireframe images as input through the web application. The idea is to process input, recognize each element in the wireframe using the Open Source Computer vision library (OpenCV). Identified elements will each have a corresponding code in the backend. Once the elements on the wireframe are identified, the corresponding code is written into an HTML file. The user gets the HTML file as an output. The creation of the boilerplate code for a website becomes much less time-consuming, which gives developers the freedom to test out many different designs and layouts before opting for the one that best suits their needs.”

In this era of technology advancement, the challenges with respect to delivering right content wi... more In this era of technology advancement, the challenges with respect to delivering right content with accuracy to the user as quick as possible has also extended to some other level. The amount of data which is originated by millions of users in multiple forms like text, video, images has always been a tough task to collaborate at a location and generate information from those data generated at a huge amount. These millions of data require large databases to store them at a location for further usage. In this paper the most prominent of these types of form of data transfer is being discussed i.e. Image. The process of Image Retrieval has become an active research topic because of its application in many fields like Biometric systems, Image Search Engines, Digital Libraries, Medical Records etc. Large databases are also been built in order to store these images. Origin of these images are from multiple equipment tools that are in use in industries like Graphic Design, crime prevention ...

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2017

Peutz jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with mucocutaneous pigmentati... more Peutz jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with mucocutaneous pigmentation and gi polyps.Polyps are often a cause of intussusceptions in the affected patients.Malignancies of the gi tract,uterus and breast are common in patients with PJS.Longterm followup is required to prevent small bowel obstruction and intussusceptions in hildren and cancer in adults.We report a case of PJS presenting with jejunoileal intussusceptions in a 14 years old girl.

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2016

As we know that surfactant treatment at less than 2hrs life reduces mortality as well as morbidit... more As we know that surfactant treatment at less than 2hrs life reduces mortality as well as morbidity from respiratory failure in preterm infants. Preterm infants with established respiratory distress syndrome when administered with surfactant has decreased the risk of chronic lung diseases .Many studies have shown that the administration of surfactant does not have a significant impact on the risk of subsequent neuro-developmental impairment. New synthetic surfactants with surfactant protein like activity are promising new treatments for surfactant deficiency disorders surfactant replacement by bolus or slow infusion in infants with severe meconium aspiration syndrome improved oxygenation and reduce severity of respiratory failure , air leak and for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Not only this,surfactant improved oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation but CPAP with or without exogenous surfactant may reduce the need for additional surfactant ...