Rita Triebskorn - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rita Triebskorn

Research paper thumbnail of Interacting Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics and the Antidepressant Amitriptyline on Early Life Stages of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta f. fario)

Water

Whether microplastics themselves or their interactions with chemicals influence the health and de... more Whether microplastics themselves or their interactions with chemicals influence the health and development of aquatic organisms has become a matter of scientific discussion. In aquatic environments, several groups of chemicals are abundant in parallel to microplastics. The tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline is frequently prescribed, and residues of it are regularly found in surface waters. In the present study, the influence of irregularly shaped polystyrene microplastics (<50 µm), amitriptyline, and their mixture on early life-stages of brown trout were investigated. In a first experiment, the impacts of 100, 104, and 105 particles/L were studied from the fertilization of eggs until one month after yolk-sac consumption. In a second experiment, eggs were exposed in eyed ova stages to 105, 106 particles/L, to amitriptyline (pulse-spiked, average 48 ± 33 µg/L) or to two mixtures for two months. Microplastics alone did neither influence the development of fish nor the oxidative ...

Research paper thumbnail of Snails in the sun: Strategies of terrestrial gastropods to cope with hot and dry conditions

Research paper thumbnail of Drifting Away of a FET Endpoint: The Heart Rate in Danio rerio Embryos is Extremely Sensitive to Variation in Ambient Temperature

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2017

Beyond the mere detection of presence or absence of heart beat in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos... more Beyond the mere detection of presence or absence of heart beat in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos in a fish embryo test conducted referring to the OECD TG 236 at 48 hpf (hours post fertilization) onwards, embryo heart rate may serve as an additional and very sensitive endpoint in ecotoxicological studies. But by including heart rate as a sublethal endpoint, care has to be taken of separating effects exerted by a tested compound from those exerted by temperature. Therefore, profound knowledge on the natural variation of zebrafish heart rates at defined temperatures as a basis for the assessment of gained results is mandatorily needed. As such continuous information in D. rerio is lacking from the literature, we designed a study covering a span of 12°C (from 18 to 30°C in steps of 2°C) to quantify the relationship between heart rate and temperature in D. rerio embryos 48 hpf. Conducting a multiple regression analysis, we found a considerably strong relationship between treatment tempe...

Research paper thumbnail of Water quality assessment in the “German River of the years 2014/2015”: how a case study on the impact of a storm water sedimentation basin displayed impairment of fish health in the Argen River (Southern Germany)

Environmental Sciences Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Does wastewater treatment plant upgrading with activated carbon result in an improvement of fish health?

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of the NSAID diclofenac on survival, development, behaviour and health of embryonic and juvenile stages of brown trout, Salmo trutta f. fario

Science of The Total Environment

The NSAID diclofenac is controversially discussed with respect to its environmental relevance. Si... more The NSAID diclofenac is controversially discussed with respect to its environmental relevance. Since further information is need to assess whether diclofenac should be included as substance of priority in the EU water framework directive, we investigated the impact of this analgesic on the embryonic development of brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) from fertilized egg until the end of sac-fry stage and studied effects in juvenile fish six months post hatch. Embryos were exposed to five test concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 100μg/L) over 127days at 7°C. None of the treatments affected mortality, hatching, development or heart rate. Six months old juveniles exposed to five concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 100, 200μg/L) over 25days at 7°C, however, showed increased mortality, reaching significance at 100μg/L. Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of juvenile animals bore injuries at concentrations higher 10μg/L. Neither the levels of the stress protein Hsp70, nor the amount of lipid peroxides was affected by any of the treatments. Histological analyses of gill, liver and kidney revealed visible tissue reactions in fish from all experimental groups. Histological responses in livers of diclofenac-exposed fish outstripped the status of laboratory control fish, particularly when exposed to the two highest concentrations. Chemical analyses of fish muscle tissue revealed concentration-dependent uptake of DCF into the animal, but no relevant bioconcentration. Our study supports earlier findings indicating a lower sensitivity of trout early life stages compared to older individuals, suggesting that studies for risk assessment of diclofenac should predominantly focus on later life stages. Furthermore, fish mortality was found to increase with rising diclofenac concentrations, and the lowest observed effect concentration of 10μg/L on the organismic level emphasises the classification of diclofenac as a micropollutant that requires close attention.

Research paper thumbnail of Two novel real time cell-based assays quantify beta-blocker and NSAID specific effects in effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants

Water Research

Pharmaceuticals, such as beta-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as ... more Pharmaceuticals, such as beta-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as their metabolites are introduced into the water cycle via municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in all industrialized countries. As the amino acid sequences of the biological target molecules of these pharmaceuticals - the beta-1 adrenergic receptor for beta-blockers and the cyclooxygenase for NSAIDs - are phylogenetically conserved among vertebrates it is reasonable that wildlife vertebrates including fish physiologically respond in a similar way to them as documented in humans. Consequently, beta-blockers and NSAIDs both exhibit their effects according to their mode of action on one hand, but on the other hand that may lead to unwanted side effects in non-target species. To determine whether residuals of beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists and cyclooxygenase inhibitors may pose a risk to aquatic organisms, one has to know the extent to which such organisms respond to the total of active compounds, their metabolites and transformation products with the same modes of action. To cope with this demand, two cell-based assays were developed, by which the total beta-blocker and cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity can be assessed in a given wastewater or surface water extract in real time. The measured activity is quantified as metoprolol equivalents (MetEQ) of the lead substance metoprolol in the beta-blocker assay, and diclofenac equivalents (DicEQ) in the NSAID assay. Even though MetEQs and DicEQs were found to surpass the concentration of the respective lead substances (metoprolol, diclofenac), as determined by chemical analysis by a factor of two to three, this difference was shown to be reasonably explained by the presence and action of additional active compounds with the same mode of action in the test samples. Thus, both in vitro assays were proven to integrate effectively over beta-blocker and NSAID activities in WWTP effluents in a very sensitive and extremely rapid manner.

Research paper thumbnail of Nano-sized zeolites as modulators of thiacloprid toxicity on Chironomus riparius

PeerJ, 2017

This study investigated whether zeolites of different size (Y30 (nano-sized) and H-Beta(OH)-III (... more This study investigated whether zeolites of different size (Y30 (nano-sized) and H-Beta(OH)-III (forming large aggregates/agglomerates composed of 50 nm small primary particles)) exerted acute toxicity on larvae of the non-biting midge, Chironomus riparius, and whether such zeolites are able to modulate the toxicity of a common insecticide, thiacloprid, by means of adsorption of a dissolved toxicant. We conducted acute toxicity tests with fourth instar larvae of C. riparius. In these tests, larvae were exposed to zeolites or thiacloprid solely, or to mixtures of both compounds. The mixtures comprised 1.0 µg/L thiacloprid in addition to low (5.2 mg/L), medium (18.2 mg/L), and high (391.7 mg/L) zeolite concentrations, resulting in different adsorption rates of thiacloprid. As biological endpoints, changes in mortality rates and in behavior were monitored every 24 h over a total investigation period of 96 h. Furthermore, we conducted chemical analyses of thiacloprid in the medium and t...

Research paper thumbnail of Nano-sized Al2O3 reduces acute toxic effects of thiacloprid on the non-biting midge Chironomus riparius

PloS one, 2017

This study focuses on interactions between nanoparticles and a pesticide. The aim was to investig... more This study focuses on interactions between nanoparticles and a pesticide. The aim was to investigate how nano-sized aluminum oxide (410 nm) can alter the toxic effects of thiacloprid, even if no sorption between particles and the insecticide takes place. Thus, our study investigated a rather unexplored interaction. We conducted our research with larvae of Chironomus riparius and used thiacloprid as test substance as its toxicity to C. riparius is well described. The used nano-Al2O3 particles where chosen due to their suitable properties. For testing the acute effects of the interaction, we exposed larvae to thiacloprid (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 μg/L) and nano-Al2O3 (300 and 1000 mg/L), either solely or in binary mixtures. While thiacloprid resulted in elevated mortality, nano-Al2O3 solely did not exert any effects. Moreover, we observed an aggregation of nano-Al2O3 within the lumen of the intestinal tract of the larvae. Further results showed a significantly reduced mortality of fourt...

Research paper thumbnail of Reduction of dioxin-like toxicity in effluents by additional wastewater treatment and related effects in fish

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2016

Efficiency of advanced wastewater treatment technologies to reduce micropollutants which mediate ... more Efficiency of advanced wastewater treatment technologies to reduce micropollutants which mediate dioxin-like toxicity was investigated. Technologies compared included ozonation, powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon. In addition to chemical analyses in samples of effluents, surface waters, sediments, and fish, (1) dioxin-like potentials were measured in paired samples of effluents, surface waters, and sediments by use of an in vitro biotest (reporter gene assay) and (2) dioxin-like effects were investigated in exposed fish by use of in vivo activity of the mixed-function, monooxygenase enzyme, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) in liver. All advanced technologies studied, based on degradation or adsorption, significantly reduced dioxin-like potentials in samples and resulted in lesser EROD activity in livers of fish. Results of in vitro and in vivo biological responses were not clearly related to quantification of targeted analytes by use of instrumental analyses.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of the developmental success of brown trout ( Salmo trutta f. fario L.) embryos in two differently polluted streams in Germany

Hydrobiologia, 2003

... Till Luckenbach1,2,∗ , Maja Kilian1,2, Rita Triebskorn1,3 &amp;amp; Axel Oberemm4 1Animal... more ... Till Luckenbach1,2,∗ , Maja Kilian1,2, Rita Triebskorn1,3 &amp;amp; Axel Oberemm4 1Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Str. ... The start of the exposure was the 1 December 1999 and the exposure was ter-minated after 110 days in the laboratory ...

Research paper thumbnail of The 2015 Annual Meeting of SETAC German Language Branch in Zurich (7–10 September, 2015): Ecotoxicology and environmental chemistry—from research to application

Environmental Sciences Europe, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of iron in tissues from slugs (deroceras reticulatum m�ller) after ingestion of iron chelates, by means of energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM)

Research paper thumbnail of Variation in stress protein levels (hsp70 and hsp90) in relation to oocyte development in Gammarus fossarum (Koch 1835)

Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 07924259 2004 9652585, Dec 1, 2010

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Stress im Boden: Fr�herkennung�kotoxikologischer Effekte durch Biomarker

Research paper thumbnail of Plasticity of the endoplasmic reticulum in three cell types of slugs poisoned by molluscicides

Research paper thumbnail of Invertebrate Cells as Targets for Hazardous Substances

... GÜNTER VOGT, MARIO LUDWIG, SILKE RUMPF, MARKUS KRATZMANN, GERD ALBERTI, VOLKER STORCH ... tre... more ... GÜNTER VOGT, MARIO LUDWIG, SILKE RUMPF, MARKUS KRATZMANN, GERD ALBERTI, VOLKER STORCH ... treated as described by LUDWIG &amp;amp;amp; ALBERTI (1988) and LUDWIG et al. ... Deroceras reticulatum: The animals were fed a bait containing 2% or 0.1% of the carbamate ...

Research paper thumbnail of Endocrine effects of contaminated sediments on the freshwater snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum in vivo and in the cell bioassays in vitro

Aquatic Toxicology, Sep 17, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Ultrastructural changes in the digestive tract of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller) induced by a carbamate molluscicide and by metaldehyde

Research paper thumbnail of Das Projekt XehoGamm: Endokrine Effekte bei Flohkrebsen auf unterschiedlichen biologischen Ebenen

Research paper thumbnail of Interacting Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics and the Antidepressant Amitriptyline on Early Life Stages of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta f. fario)

Water

Whether microplastics themselves or their interactions with chemicals influence the health and de... more Whether microplastics themselves or their interactions with chemicals influence the health and development of aquatic organisms has become a matter of scientific discussion. In aquatic environments, several groups of chemicals are abundant in parallel to microplastics. The tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline is frequently prescribed, and residues of it are regularly found in surface waters. In the present study, the influence of irregularly shaped polystyrene microplastics (<50 µm), amitriptyline, and their mixture on early life-stages of brown trout were investigated. In a first experiment, the impacts of 100, 104, and 105 particles/L were studied from the fertilization of eggs until one month after yolk-sac consumption. In a second experiment, eggs were exposed in eyed ova stages to 105, 106 particles/L, to amitriptyline (pulse-spiked, average 48 ± 33 µg/L) or to two mixtures for two months. Microplastics alone did neither influence the development of fish nor the oxidative ...

Research paper thumbnail of Snails in the sun: Strategies of terrestrial gastropods to cope with hot and dry conditions

Research paper thumbnail of Drifting Away of a FET Endpoint: The Heart Rate in Danio rerio Embryos is Extremely Sensitive to Variation in Ambient Temperature

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2017

Beyond the mere detection of presence or absence of heart beat in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos... more Beyond the mere detection of presence or absence of heart beat in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos in a fish embryo test conducted referring to the OECD TG 236 at 48 hpf (hours post fertilization) onwards, embryo heart rate may serve as an additional and very sensitive endpoint in ecotoxicological studies. But by including heart rate as a sublethal endpoint, care has to be taken of separating effects exerted by a tested compound from those exerted by temperature. Therefore, profound knowledge on the natural variation of zebrafish heart rates at defined temperatures as a basis for the assessment of gained results is mandatorily needed. As such continuous information in D. rerio is lacking from the literature, we designed a study covering a span of 12°C (from 18 to 30°C in steps of 2°C) to quantify the relationship between heart rate and temperature in D. rerio embryos 48 hpf. Conducting a multiple regression analysis, we found a considerably strong relationship between treatment tempe...

Research paper thumbnail of Water quality assessment in the “German River of the years 2014/2015”: how a case study on the impact of a storm water sedimentation basin displayed impairment of fish health in the Argen River (Southern Germany)

Environmental Sciences Europe

Research paper thumbnail of Does wastewater treatment plant upgrading with activated carbon result in an improvement of fish health?

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of the NSAID diclofenac on survival, development, behaviour and health of embryonic and juvenile stages of brown trout, Salmo trutta f. fario

Science of The Total Environment

The NSAID diclofenac is controversially discussed with respect to its environmental relevance. Si... more The NSAID diclofenac is controversially discussed with respect to its environmental relevance. Since further information is need to assess whether diclofenac should be included as substance of priority in the EU water framework directive, we investigated the impact of this analgesic on the embryonic development of brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) from fertilized egg until the end of sac-fry stage and studied effects in juvenile fish six months post hatch. Embryos were exposed to five test concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 100μg/L) over 127days at 7°C. None of the treatments affected mortality, hatching, development or heart rate. Six months old juveniles exposed to five concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 100, 200μg/L) over 25days at 7°C, however, showed increased mortality, reaching significance at 100μg/L. Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of juvenile animals bore injuries at concentrations higher 10μg/L. Neither the levels of the stress protein Hsp70, nor the amount of lipid peroxides was affected by any of the treatments. Histological analyses of gill, liver and kidney revealed visible tissue reactions in fish from all experimental groups. Histological responses in livers of diclofenac-exposed fish outstripped the status of laboratory control fish, particularly when exposed to the two highest concentrations. Chemical analyses of fish muscle tissue revealed concentration-dependent uptake of DCF into the animal, but no relevant bioconcentration. Our study supports earlier findings indicating a lower sensitivity of trout early life stages compared to older individuals, suggesting that studies for risk assessment of diclofenac should predominantly focus on later life stages. Furthermore, fish mortality was found to increase with rising diclofenac concentrations, and the lowest observed effect concentration of 10μg/L on the organismic level emphasises the classification of diclofenac as a micropollutant that requires close attention.

Research paper thumbnail of Two novel real time cell-based assays quantify beta-blocker and NSAID specific effects in effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants

Water Research

Pharmaceuticals, such as beta-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as ... more Pharmaceuticals, such as beta-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as their metabolites are introduced into the water cycle via municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in all industrialized countries. As the amino acid sequences of the biological target molecules of these pharmaceuticals - the beta-1 adrenergic receptor for beta-blockers and the cyclooxygenase for NSAIDs - are phylogenetically conserved among vertebrates it is reasonable that wildlife vertebrates including fish physiologically respond in a similar way to them as documented in humans. Consequently, beta-blockers and NSAIDs both exhibit their effects according to their mode of action on one hand, but on the other hand that may lead to unwanted side effects in non-target species. To determine whether residuals of beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists and cyclooxygenase inhibitors may pose a risk to aquatic organisms, one has to know the extent to which such organisms respond to the total of active compounds, their metabolites and transformation products with the same modes of action. To cope with this demand, two cell-based assays were developed, by which the total beta-blocker and cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity can be assessed in a given wastewater or surface water extract in real time. The measured activity is quantified as metoprolol equivalents (MetEQ) of the lead substance metoprolol in the beta-blocker assay, and diclofenac equivalents (DicEQ) in the NSAID assay. Even though MetEQs and DicEQs were found to surpass the concentration of the respective lead substances (metoprolol, diclofenac), as determined by chemical analysis by a factor of two to three, this difference was shown to be reasonably explained by the presence and action of additional active compounds with the same mode of action in the test samples. Thus, both in vitro assays were proven to integrate effectively over beta-blocker and NSAID activities in WWTP effluents in a very sensitive and extremely rapid manner.

Research paper thumbnail of Nano-sized zeolites as modulators of thiacloprid toxicity on Chironomus riparius

PeerJ, 2017

This study investigated whether zeolites of different size (Y30 (nano-sized) and H-Beta(OH)-III (... more This study investigated whether zeolites of different size (Y30 (nano-sized) and H-Beta(OH)-III (forming large aggregates/agglomerates composed of 50 nm small primary particles)) exerted acute toxicity on larvae of the non-biting midge, Chironomus riparius, and whether such zeolites are able to modulate the toxicity of a common insecticide, thiacloprid, by means of adsorption of a dissolved toxicant. We conducted acute toxicity tests with fourth instar larvae of C. riparius. In these tests, larvae were exposed to zeolites or thiacloprid solely, or to mixtures of both compounds. The mixtures comprised 1.0 µg/L thiacloprid in addition to low (5.2 mg/L), medium (18.2 mg/L), and high (391.7 mg/L) zeolite concentrations, resulting in different adsorption rates of thiacloprid. As biological endpoints, changes in mortality rates and in behavior were monitored every 24 h over a total investigation period of 96 h. Furthermore, we conducted chemical analyses of thiacloprid in the medium and t...

Research paper thumbnail of Nano-sized Al2O3 reduces acute toxic effects of thiacloprid on the non-biting midge Chironomus riparius

PloS one, 2017

This study focuses on interactions between nanoparticles and a pesticide. The aim was to investig... more This study focuses on interactions between nanoparticles and a pesticide. The aim was to investigate how nano-sized aluminum oxide (410 nm) can alter the toxic effects of thiacloprid, even if no sorption between particles and the insecticide takes place. Thus, our study investigated a rather unexplored interaction. We conducted our research with larvae of Chironomus riparius and used thiacloprid as test substance as its toxicity to C. riparius is well described. The used nano-Al2O3 particles where chosen due to their suitable properties. For testing the acute effects of the interaction, we exposed larvae to thiacloprid (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 μg/L) and nano-Al2O3 (300 and 1000 mg/L), either solely or in binary mixtures. While thiacloprid resulted in elevated mortality, nano-Al2O3 solely did not exert any effects. Moreover, we observed an aggregation of nano-Al2O3 within the lumen of the intestinal tract of the larvae. Further results showed a significantly reduced mortality of fourt...

Research paper thumbnail of Reduction of dioxin-like toxicity in effluents by additional wastewater treatment and related effects in fish

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2016

Efficiency of advanced wastewater treatment technologies to reduce micropollutants which mediate ... more Efficiency of advanced wastewater treatment technologies to reduce micropollutants which mediate dioxin-like toxicity was investigated. Technologies compared included ozonation, powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon. In addition to chemical analyses in samples of effluents, surface waters, sediments, and fish, (1) dioxin-like potentials were measured in paired samples of effluents, surface waters, and sediments by use of an in vitro biotest (reporter gene assay) and (2) dioxin-like effects were investigated in exposed fish by use of in vivo activity of the mixed-function, monooxygenase enzyme, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) in liver. All advanced technologies studied, based on degradation or adsorption, significantly reduced dioxin-like potentials in samples and resulted in lesser EROD activity in livers of fish. Results of in vitro and in vivo biological responses were not clearly related to quantification of targeted analytes by use of instrumental analyses.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of the developmental success of brown trout ( Salmo trutta f. fario L.) embryos in two differently polluted streams in Germany

Hydrobiologia, 2003

... Till Luckenbach1,2,∗ , Maja Kilian1,2, Rita Triebskorn1,3 &amp;amp; Axel Oberemm4 1Animal... more ... Till Luckenbach1,2,∗ , Maja Kilian1,2, Rita Triebskorn1,3 &amp;amp; Axel Oberemm4 1Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Konrad-Adenauer-Str. ... The start of the exposure was the 1 December 1999 and the exposure was ter-minated after 110 days in the laboratory ...

Research paper thumbnail of The 2015 Annual Meeting of SETAC German Language Branch in Zurich (7–10 September, 2015): Ecotoxicology and environmental chemistry—from research to application

Environmental Sciences Europe, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of iron in tissues from slugs (deroceras reticulatum m�ller) after ingestion of iron chelates, by means of energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM)

Research paper thumbnail of Variation in stress protein levels (hsp70 and hsp90) in relation to oocyte development in Gammarus fossarum (Koch 1835)

Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 07924259 2004 9652585, Dec 1, 2010

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Stress im Boden: Fr�herkennung�kotoxikologischer Effekte durch Biomarker

Research paper thumbnail of Plasticity of the endoplasmic reticulum in three cell types of slugs poisoned by molluscicides

Research paper thumbnail of Invertebrate Cells as Targets for Hazardous Substances

... GÜNTER VOGT, MARIO LUDWIG, SILKE RUMPF, MARKUS KRATZMANN, GERD ALBERTI, VOLKER STORCH ... tre... more ... GÜNTER VOGT, MARIO LUDWIG, SILKE RUMPF, MARKUS KRATZMANN, GERD ALBERTI, VOLKER STORCH ... treated as described by LUDWIG &amp;amp;amp; ALBERTI (1988) and LUDWIG et al. ... Deroceras reticulatum: The animals were fed a bait containing 2% or 0.1% of the carbamate ...

Research paper thumbnail of Endocrine effects of contaminated sediments on the freshwater snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum in vivo and in the cell bioassays in vitro

Aquatic Toxicology, Sep 17, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Ultrastructural changes in the digestive tract of Deroceras reticulatum (Müller) induced by a carbamate molluscicide and by metaldehyde

Research paper thumbnail of Das Projekt XehoGamm: Endokrine Effekte bei Flohkrebsen auf unterschiedlichen biologischen Ebenen