Drsabbah farouk - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Drsabbah farouk

The protocols for manual weighing of turkeys are not practical on turkey farms because of the lar... more The protocols for manual weighing of turkeys are not practical on turkey farms because of the large body sizes, heavy weights and flighty nature of turkeys. The sounds turkeys make may be a proxy for bird weights, but the relationship between turkey sounds and bird weights has not been studied. The aim of this study was to correlate the sound of turkeys with their age and weight and examine the possibility of using sound to predict bird weights. The study consisted of four trials in Egypt. Sounds of birds and their weights were recorded for 11 days during the growth period in each trial. A total of 2200 sounds were used to manually analyze and label each sound using the peak frequency. There was a highly significant negative correlation between the peak frequency of vocalizations and the weight and age of the turkeys, showing that the peak frequency of vocalizations can be used for predicting the weight of turkeys.

Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 2016

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of supplemented chicken diets with 2% and 4% a... more The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of supplemented chicken diets with 2% and 4% arginine (Arg) above NRC (1994) requirements on growth performance, immune response and gene expression of gene (y + LAT-2) in Fayoumi (Fa) and Golden Montazah (GM) chickens. In our previous study we fed Fa and GM layers the same arginine levels and we hatched their eggs to obtain their offspring. Offspring were sexed and sixty female within each strain per each level were selected and randomly divided into 4 replicate with 15 female chicks each. Each group within each strain fed the same dietary Arg level of their parents until 12 wks age. Body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion (FC) were recorded at 4, 8 and 12 wks of age. Antibody titers against Newcastle disease were measured at 5 days of age to estimate maternal immunity and at 12 wks of age to estimate acquired immunity. Immune organs weighed and their relative percent to live body weight was recorded. Body weight was significantly increased as a result of Arg supplementation for all periods, while BWG was significantly increased during starter period. Neither FI nor FC were significantly affected by Arg treatments during the different periods. Relative liver weight was significantly decreased by Arg supplementation. Maternal and acquired immunity were numerically improved by Arg supplementation. Cationic amino acid transporter-1 mRNA in blood cells was greater in chicks fed 4% Arg than in chicks fed 2%. The Fa strain had higher gene expression of gene (y + LAT-2) than GM strain.

Egyptian Poultry Science Association, 2015

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of feeding Japanese quail chicks on diets cont... more The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of feeding Japanese quail chicks on diets containing different levels of Moringa Oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on productive performance, carcass quality and blood constituents. A total of 240 seven days, unsexed Japanese quail chicks were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Each group was further subdivided into 3 replicates, 20 chicks per each. Four levels of MOLM (0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) were fed during the experimental period for 6 weeks duration. The results showed that, birds fed on MOLM gained significantly higher body weight and body weight gain than birds fed the control diet. The lowest feed consumption (P≤0.01) , best feed conversion ratio and European Production Efficiency Index (EPEI) were obtained by using 0.2% MOLM compared to control group. Abdominal fat significantly decreased by increasing MOLM levels compared to the control group. Birds fed MOLM insignificantly improved spleen percentage and improved significantly bursa and thymus percentages compared to control group. Plasma AST and ALT decreased with all levels of MOLM and could suggest that MOLM has properties to enhance liver health. Plasma cholesterol had lower level in all treatments compared to control. In addition, HDL fraction was increased and LDL fraction was decreased in all treatments compared to control group. Total antioxidant capacity was significant on 0.6 and 0.4% MOLM. Total protein and globulin were increased with all levels of MOLM compared to control group. While, A/G ratio in all dietary treatments appeared to be decreased. It could be concluded that Moringa oleifera leaf meal with levels of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% improved performance, immune organs and blood constituents. The best level occurred by using 0.2% Moringa oleifera leaf meal in Japanese quail diets.

ABSTRACT This study was initiated with the aim of comparing the growth performance, immunity resp... more ABSTRACT This study was initiated with the aim of comparing the growth performance, immunity response and the change in duodenum microbiota of Arbor Acres broiler chicks that maintained during summer season with providing two distinguished sources of beneficial micro-organisms that were self developed undefined anaerobic culture isolated from the digestive tract of adult healthy broilers (competitive exclusion; CE) and commercial probiotic based on some Bacillus spp bacteria. Two hundred 1-day-old unsexed chicks (averaged 41 g), divided equally into five groups of four replicates each, were reared during June-August months and had the same managerial procedures throughout the growth trial term. Experimental groups were ordered according to the following regime: G1: A control group was fed the basal diet without treatment, G2: One dose oral gavage with 1 ml (1 x 1010 cfu) of CE/chick administrated at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm, G3: Two doses oral gavage with CE/chick (1 x 1010 cfu, each), administrated twice; 1st time at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm and another repeated dose (1 x 1010 cfu/ml) at day 11 of age, G4: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with Microguard (0.1 g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to the control diets during grower and finisher periods and G5: was fed on the basal diets supplemented with Microguard (0.1 g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher feeding. Results obtained could be summarized as follow; -Providing CE twice or commercial probiotic preparation significantly increased weight gain (WG; P=0.05), while all tested groups significantly improved feed conversion ratio (P=0.001) of broiler chicks only during grower period compared to the control. - Total beneficial anaerobic bacteria were significantly (P=0.002) higher with gavaging CE twice against the other treatments evaluated while total aerobic bacteria that are composed not beneficial species were not significantly affected by treatments. -Competitive exclusion or commercial probiotic treatment significantly increased red blood cell count (P=0.001), hemoglobin (P=0.001) and hematocrit (P=0.001) compared to the control group. While, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not significantly influenced by examined supplements. -Supplementation with CE or commercial probiotic significantly increased white blood cell count’s (P=0.001) and lymphocytes percent (P=0.001), while heterophils percent (P=0.001) and heterophils to lymphocytes ratio (P=0.001) were significantly decreased with tested supplements compared to the control. Also, providing CE or commercial probiotic to broiler chicks significantly increased serum IgA (P=0.036) and antibodies Titers against Newcastle Disease Virus (P=0.004) compared to the control. It can be recommended that providing probiotics, either in the form of undefined beneficial culture from healthy adult chickens or commercial defined preparation can improve the performance of broiler chicks during summer months.

This study was carried out to investigate the response to some safe alternatives growth promoters... more This study was carried out to investigate the response to some safe alternatives growth promoters on some performance aspects of broiler chicks subjected to environmental stress of summer season. Two hundred and eighty 1-day-old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks (averaged 41 g), divided equally into seven groups of four replicates each, were reared on wire battery cages and had the same managerial procedures throughout the growth trial term (June-August months). The experimental groups were; G1: A control group was fed on the basal diet without treatment, G2: One dose oral gavage with 1 ml (1 x 1010 cfu) of self developed-undefined anaerobic (CE) culture/chick administrated at day-1 posthatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm, G3: Two doses oral gavage with CE culture/chick (1 x 1010 cfu, each), administrated twice; 1st time at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm and another repeated dose (1 x 1010 cfu/ml) at day 11 of age, G4: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with commercial prebiotic (MTB-100, 1 g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to the control diets during grower and finisher periods, G5: was fed on the basal diets supplemented with MTB-100 (1g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher feeding, G6: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with commercial prebiotic (Bio-Mos, 1g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to the control diets during grower and finisher periods, and G7: was fed on the basal diets supplemented with Bio-Mos (1g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher feeding. Results obtained could be summarized as follow: - Body weight gain (BWG) did not significantly affected by the experimental treatments. However, BWG were tended to increase with tested CE or prebiotics both during finisher and the total experimental period. Feed conversion ratio during grower period was significantly (P=0.003) affected by experimental treatments and not for other intervals. - Gavaging CE twice significantly (P=0.05) showed higher total beneficial anaerobic bacteria against the other treatments. Total aerobic bacteria were not significantly affected by experimental treatments. - Competitive exclusion or prebiotics significantly (P=0.001) increased red blood cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the control treatment. While, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not significantly influenced by examined supplements - Supplementation with CE or prebiotics significantly increased white blood cell count (P=0.001), lymphocytes percent (P=0.001), serum Immunoglobulin A (P=0.007) and Antibody against Newcastle Disease Virus (P=0.001), while heterophils percent (P=0.001) and heterophils to lymphocytes ratio were significantly (P=0.001) decreased with tested supplements compared to the control. It can be recommended that providing either CE culture or commercial prebiotics (Gos & Mos) may improve the performance of broiler chicks during summer months.

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2015

World's Poultry Science Journal

ABSTRACT: ‏This study aimed to compare the response of three strains of domestic chickens to acut... more ABSTRACT: ‏This study aimed to compare the response of three strains of domestic chickens to acute heat stress as early heat conditioning procedure and its consequences affects on growth, egg production and incubation performance. In this study 1200 one-day old female chicks from Golden Montazah (GM.), Fayoumi (Fy.) and El- Salam (Sa.)), 400 chicks from each strain were used. Chicks of each strain were equally divided into two groups (200 chicks each) with 4replicate of 50 chicks each. The first group served as control and reared without any treatments. The second group exposed to acute heat stress (40°C for 8hrrs) one time at five-day old as procedure to early heat conditioning. Respiration rate and body temperature were measured after acute heat stress (8 chicks /strain) from treatment and another (8 chicks /strain) were measured at the same time from control. Eight blood samples were collected from each strain in treatment group after acute heat stress and another eight were coll...

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2013

Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 2016

The objective of this work was to study the effects of in ovo L-carnitine injection with or witho... more The objective of this work was to study the effects of in ovo L-carnitine injection with or without methionine and glutamine on hatchability percent, growth performance, antibody titers against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and some physiological parameters of Fayoumi chickens. Six hundred eggs contain alive 18-day-old chicken embryos were distributed randomly into 10 treatments groups of 60 eggs, each group divided into three replicates contain 20 eggs per each. Group1 included non-injected eggs but eggs in group 2 injected with vaccine diluents. Groups 3 to 6 injected with 8 mg Lcarnitine (L-c) /egg. This level injected without amino acids to perform group 3, and mixed with 5 mg DL-methionine (Met) /egg to perform group 4 while mixed with 5 mg Lglutamine (Gln) /egg to perform group 5 and with 5 mg Gln + 5 mg Met /egg to perform group 6. Groups 7 to 10 injected with 16 mg L-c /egg. This level injected without amino acids to perform group 7, and mixed with 5 mg Met /egg to perform group 8 while mixed with 5 mg Gln /egg to perform group 9 and with 5 mg Gln + 5 mg Met /egg to perform group 10. Post hatch body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion (FC) ratio were recorded during starter and grower periods. In ovo injection of different L-c levels with or without amino acids did not show any significant effect on hatchability percent and antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus. Nevertheless injected low L-c level with Met significantly improved BW, BWG and FC ratio during starter period compared with high L-c level without AAs and vaccine diluents treatments. L-carnitine injection with or without amino acids significantly decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume at 8wks of age compared with non-injected treatment.

This study aimed to compare the response of three strains of domestic chickens to acute heat stre... more This study aimed to compare the response of three strains of domestic chickens to acute heat stress as early heat conditioning procedure and its consequences affects on growth, egg production and incubation performance. In this study 1200 one-day old female chicks from Golden Montazah (GM.), Fayoumi (Fy.) and El-Salam (Sm.)), 400 chicks from each strain were used. Chicks of each strain were equally divided into two groups (200 chicks each) with 4replicate of 50 chicks each. The first group served as control and reared without any treatments. The second group exposed to acute heat stress (40°C for 8hrrs) one time at five-day old as procedure to early heat conditioning. Respiration rate and body temperature were measured after acute heat stress (8 chicks /strain) from treatment and another (8 chicks /strain) were measured at the same time from control. Eight blood samples were collected from each strain in treatment group after acute heat stress and another eight were collected from each strain in control group to determine blood parameters. Heated and control chickens were weighed at two, four month of age and at sexual maturity. For all replicates eggs counted, weighed daily, and average egg weight was calculated during the first six month of egg production. At 6th month of egg production three hatches were conducted, where (400 eggs/hatch) collected from each strain (200 eggs from each treatment) weekly at 50, 51 and 52 wk of age to study incubation response. At 6 month of egg production random samples of eggs representing controls and treatments (10eggs /replicate) for each strain were taken to estimate egg quality parameters. The

One hundred-eighty Arbor Acres broiler chicks 7 days old were used to determine the effect of dif... more One hundred-eighty Arbor Acres broiler chicks 7 days old were used to determine the effect of different dietary chloride levels on Tibial Dyschondroplasia (TD) incidence, growth performance, carcass traits, blood constitutes and tibia mineralzation. Chicks were randomly distributed into six groups of 30 chicks each, the first group served as control group (T1) had strain recommendation of chloride while, reduced chloride level by 25% (T2), and 50% (T3) or raised the chloride level by 25% (T4), 50% (T5) and 75% (T6). The study was lasted for 35 days. Results indicated that incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia was influenced by the different levels of dietary chloride. The highest levels of chloride (25%, 50% and 75% Clover er the strain recommendation, also the control diet which contain chloride requirements had increased tibial dyschondroplasia incidence. However, the lowest levels (-25% and-50% Cl-) seemed to decrease TD incidence. Chloride levels did not affect significantly the growth performance or carcass parameters, while, all treatments was significantly reduced abdominal fat comparing to the control group. Blood calcium and phosphorus significantly increased by reducing dietary chloride. Diets contained-25% or-50% chloride increased significantly red blood cells count and improved cellular immunity of broilers. The best tibia ash, calcium and phosphorus content were observed at-50% chloride level. It could be concluded that reducing dietary chloride level up to 50% Cl-reduced the incidence of TD without negative effect on growth performance of Arbor Acres broiler chicks.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with different levels o... more The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with different levels of L-arginine (L-Arg) above the levels recommended by NRC (1994) on egg production, reproduction performance, egg quality and some physiological and immunological parameters. The experimental period started when the hens were 40 week old, and ended to three months. Two local strains Fayoumi(Fa) and Golden Montazah(GM) were used with a total number of 180 laying hens and 18 males (90 females and 9 males from each strain). Selected male and female of each strain were divided randomly into 3 groups/strain, each group consisted of 3 replicates (10 female and 1 male /replicate). Control diet (contain recommended level of L-Arg0.700% L-Arg). Crystalline amino acid (L-Arg) was supplemented by 2% and 4% as a percentage of dietary L-Arg to achieve 0.714% L-Arg and 0.728% L-Arg respectively (treatment groups).During the experimental period thirty six cockerels (18 from each strain) were housed in individual cage; each 6 cockerels fed one of the experimental diets to determine semen quality. During the experimental period, feed consumption and egg number were recorded daily. Eggs were weighed daily and egg mass per hen per day were calculated. Feed conversion ratio and crude protein conversion were calculated. During the last month of the experiment three hatches were conducted weekly to determine hatchability parameters. At the end of the experiment random samples of eggs representing controls and treatments (10 eggs /replicate) for each strain examined for egg quality parameters. Two blood samples were collected from each replicate within each strain in all groups to estimate physiological and immunological parameters. Experimental results showed that: Arginine supplementation above NRC caused significant increase in egg production percent and egg mass during the whole experimental period. There was at least 6% of extra egg production over the control.

This study was conducted to evaluate both physiological and immunological efficiency and toxicolo... more This study was conducted to evaluate both physiological and immunological efficiency and toxicological effects of different selenium (Se) sources and levels in corn-soybean meal broiler diets. For that, 400 day-old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allocated to 10 experimental treatments in a 5 sources x 2 levels factorial design. Five Se sources were tested; (1) sodium selenite (NaSe) as inorganic form; (2) selenomethionine (Se-Yeast) as organic form; (3) Zinc-L-selenomethionine (Zn-Se-Meth) as more recent organic form; (4) powder form of Nano Se form (P-Nano Se) and (5) Liquid form of Nano Se (L-Nano Se). Also two inclusion of Se levels in diets; 0.15 and 0.30 ppm, were examined. The inorganic and organic forms of Se were obtained from commercial suppliers while both powder and liquid forms of Nano Se were prepared immediately before starting feeding phases of the experiment. The prepared 80 nm Se nano-particles were synthesized by chemical reduction method and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry. Three phases (1-10, 11-24 and 25-40 d) of feeding were applied and all birds were kept under similar management conditions. Parameters of blood picture, immunity status, antioxidant status, some plasma constituents and T3 hormone were investigated. Also histological examination of liver samples was carried out at 40 days of age. The obtained results showed significant improvement of some hematological parameters, cellular immunity and antioxidant status either due to using organic or nano forms of Se, or by increasing the inclusion Se level from 0.15 to 0.30 ppm in broiler diets. While humeral immunity against Newcastle Disease Virus and Avian flow Virus (H5N1), plasma proteins, activity of liver enzymes and malnodialdhyde (MDA) content in plasma did not affected due to Se sources or levels. Concentration of T3 hormone significantly increased by increasing Se level from 0.15 to 0.30 ppm in the diet. The histological examination of liver showed some severe pathological changes due to increasing Se level from 0.15 to 0.30 ppm for most sources while using 0.15 ppm of Se from inorganic or organic forms of Se showed normal histological structure of liver tissues. The overall experimental results showed although using Zn-Se-Meth as organic form of Se or L-Nano Se as nano form of Se or increasing the supplemental Se to 0.30 ppm in broiler diets or its equivalent in drinking water is more effective to get better, physiological, immunological and antioxidant status of broiler chicks. Inclusion Se-Yeast as organic form of Se in broiler diets at level 0.15 ppm was more save to liver tissues and kidney function. Further studies about the safety of using nano form of selenium as feed additives are needed.

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of different selenium (Se) sources and levels... more This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of different selenium (Se) sources and levels in corn-soybean meal broiler diets. For that, 400 day-old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allocated to 10 experimental treatments in a 5 (sources) x 2 (levels) factorial arrangement. Five Se sources were tested; (1) sodium selenite (NaSe) as inorganic form; (2) selenomethionine (Se-Yeast) as organic form; (3) Zinc-L-selenomethionine (Zn-Se-Meth) as more recent organic form; (4) powder form of Nano Se form (P-Nano Se) and (5) Liquid form of Nano Se (L-Nano Se). Also two inclusion of Se levels in diets; 0.15 and 0.30 ppm, were examined. The inorganic and organic forms of examined Se were obtained from commercial suppliers while both powder and liquid forms of Nano Se were prepared immediately before starting feeding phases of the experiment. The prepared 80 nm Se nano-particles were synthesized by chemical reduction method and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry. Three phases (1-10, 11-24 and 25-40 d) of feeding were applied and all birds were kept under similar management conditions. Parameters of growth performance, carcass characteristics and concentration of Se in both liver and thigh muscles were investigated. Also assay of Malnodialdhyde (MDA) was carried out in frozen (6 months at-20°C) thigh muscles to investigate the oxidation status of broiler meat. The obtained results showed significant improvement of growth performance and Se concentration in liver and thigh tissues either due to using organic or nano forms of Se, or by increasing the inclusion Se level from 0.15 to 0.30 ppm in broiler diets. While carcass abdominal fat%, giblets% and MDA content in thigh muscles did not affected due to Se sources or levels. Liver showed grater Se concentration than thigh muscles. The overall experimental results showed that using Se-Yeast or Zn-Se-Meth as organic forms of Se, or L-Nano Se as nano form of Se at level of 0.30 ppm in broiler diets or its equivalent in drinking water, respectively, is more effective to get better growth performance and quality of broiler meat. But further studies about the safety of using nano form of selenium as feed additives are needed.

This study was carried out to investigate the response to some safe alternatives growth promoters... more This study was carried out to investigate the response to some safe alternatives
growth promoters on some performance aspects of broiler chicks subjected to environmental
stress of summer season. Two hundred and eighty 1-day-old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler
chicks (averaged 41 g), divided equally into seven groups of four replicates each, were
reared on wire battery cages and had the same managerial procedures throughout the
growth trial term (June-August months). The experimental groups were; G1: A control group
was fed on the basal diet without treatment, G2: One dose oral gavage with 1 ml (1 x 1010
cfu) of self developed-undefined anaerobic (CE) culture/chick administrated at day-1 posthatch
within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm, G3: Two doses oral gavage
with CE culture/chick (1 x 1010 cfu, each), administrated twice; 1st time at day-1 post-hatch
within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm and another repeated dose (1 x 1010
cfu/ml) at day 11 of age, G4: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with commercial
prebiotic (MTB-100, 1 g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to
the control diets during grower and finisher periods, G5: was fed on the basal diets
supplemented with MTB-100 (1g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher
feeding, G6: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with commercial prebiotic (Bio-Mos,
1g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to the control diets
during grower and finisher periods, and G7: was fed on the basal diets supplemented with
Bio-Mos (1g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher feeding.
Results obtained could be summarized as follow:
- Body weight gain (BWG) did not significantly affected by the experimental
treatments. However, BWG were tended to increase with tested CE or prebiotics both during
finisher and the total experimental period. Feed conversion ratio during grower period was
significantly (P=0.003) affected by experimental treatments and not for other intervals.
- Gavaging CE twice significantly (P=0.05) showed higher total beneficial anaerobic
bacteria against the other treatments. Total aerobic bacteria were not significantly affected by
experimental treatments.
- Competitive exclusion or prebiotics significantly (P=0.001) increased red blood cell
count, hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the control treatment. While, mean
corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration were not significantly influenced by examined supplements
- Supplementation with CE or prebiotics significantly increased white blood cell count
(P=0.001), lymphocytes percent (P=0.001), serum Immunoglobulin A (P=0.007) and
Antibody against Newcastle Disease Virus (P=0.001), while heterophils percent (P=0.001)
and heterophils to lymphocytes ratio were significantly (P=0.001) decreased with tested
supplements compared to the control.
It can be recommended that providing either CE culture or commercial prebiotics
(Gos & Mos) may improve the performance of broiler chicks during summer months.

ABSTRACT This study was initiated with the aim of comparing the growth performance, immunity resp... more ABSTRACT
This study was initiated with the aim of comparing the growth performance, immunity
response and the change in duodenum microbiota of Arbor Acres broiler chicks that
maintained during summer season with providing two distinguished sources of beneficial
micro-organisms that were self developed undefined anaerobic culture isolated from the
digestive tract of adult healthy broilers (competitive exclusion; CE) and commercial probiotic
based on some Bacillus spp bacteria. Two hundred 1-day-old unsexed chicks (averaged 41
g), divided equally into five groups of four replicates each, were reared during June-August
months and had the same managerial procedures throughout the growth trial term.
Experimental groups were ordered according to the following regime: G1: A control group
was fed the basal diet without treatment, G2: One dose oral gavage with 1 ml (1 x 1010 cfu) of
CE/chick administrated at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to
the farm, G3: Two doses oral gavage with CE/chick (1 x 1010 cfu, each), administrated twice;
1st time at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm and
another repeated dose (1 x 1010 cfu/ml) at day 11 of age, G4: was fed on the basal diet
supplemented with Microguard (0.1 g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks
were switched to the control diets during grower and finisher periods and G5: was fed on the
basal diets supplemented with Microguard (0.1 g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not
during finisher feeding. Results obtained could be summarized as follow;
-Providing CE twice or commercial probiotic preparation significantly increased weight
gain (WG; P=0.05), while all tested groups significantly improved feed conversion ratio
(P=0.001) of broiler chicks only during grower period compared to the control.
- Total beneficial anaerobic bacteria were significantly (P=0.002) higher with gavaging CE
twice against the other treatments evaluated while total aerobic bacteria that are composed
not beneficial species were not significantly affected by treatments.
-Competitive exclusion or commercial probiotic treatment significantly increased red blood
cell count (P=0.001), hemoglobin (P=0.001) and hematocrit (P=0.001) compared to the
control group. While, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean
corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not significantly influenced by examined
supplements.
-Supplementation with CE or commercial probiotic significantly increased white blood cell
count’s (P=0.001) and lymphocytes percent (P=0.001), while heterophils percent (P=0.001)
and heterophils to lymphocytes ratio (P=0.001) were significantly decreased with tested
supplements compared to the control. Also, providing CE or commercial probiotic to broiler
chicks significantly increased serum IgA (P=0.036) and antibodies Titers against Newcastle
Disease Virus (P=0.004) compared to the control.
It can be recommended that providing probiotics, either in the form of undefined
beneficial culture from healthy adult chickens or commercial defined preparation can improve
the performance of broiler chicks during summer months.

Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of aqueous extract of ginger root (... more Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of aqueous extract of ginger root (GAE),
aqueous extract of beetroot (BAE) and tomato puree (TP), as natural antioxidant sources, in broiler diets
during summer season. Chicks fed on corn-soybean meal basal diets in three phases feeding system.
Basal diets were formulated to contain whole strain nutritional requirements including 50 IU of vitamin E/kg.
There were two control groups the first fed on basal diet (Con) and supplemented with either 50 IU/kg vitamin
E (E-100, to be the second control group), or supplemented with GAE, BAE or TP at levels of 0.5 or 1% from
1 to 40 d of age. The total phenols content (in Gallic acid equivalent) of GAE and BAE were 44 and 31 μg/L,
respectively and lycopene content in TP was 155 mg/kg. The environmental temperature and humidity
surrounding birds during the experimental period ranged from 35 to 41°C and 30 to 45%. Growth
performance, some plasma constituents and viral and bacterial immunity status at 40 d of age were
recorded. The results indicated that, among examined natural additives, using BAE improved the overall body
weight gain, while adding GAE to broiler diets decreased feed consumption significantly. However the worst
feed conversion ratio recorded by TP group, that group recorded the best antioxidant status including plasma
total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. Generally, level 1% of supplementation increased the
consumed feed and depressed the total bacteria count of intestine at 40 d of age. On the other side, titer of
immunity against respiratory viral Diseases (ND and IB), hemoglobin, red and white blood cells increased
by adding GAE to diets. Neither antioxidant source, level nor their interactions could change lipids or
cholesterol compounds in plasma. The overall results indicated that the best overall broiler performance
during summer season was obtained by using GAE at level of 1% as natural antioxidant.

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of aqueous extract of ginger root (GAE), aque... more This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of aqueous extract of ginger root (GAE), aqueous extract of beetroot (BAE) and tomato puree (TP) as natural antioxidant sources in broiler diets during summer season. Three hundred twenty 1-d-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks (mixed sex) were randomly allocated into 32 wire cages that were then randomly divided into 8 groups (treatments, 4 cages per treatment). Chicks fed on corn-soybean meal basal diet (Con, contained 50 IU of Vit. E/Kg) supplemented with either 50 IU /Kg vitamin E (E-100) or one of the additives (GAE, BAE and TP) at levels of 0.5 or 1.0% from 1 to 40 d of age. The total phenols contents (as Gallic acid equivalent) of GAE and BAE were 44 and 31 µg/L, respectively and lycopene content in TP was 155 mg/Kg. At 40 d of age, 32 birds (4 birds/treatment) were slaughtered and carcass characteristics were recorded. Refrigerated (up to 4 days at 4°C) and frozen (60 days at -20°C) meat samples were examined for total phenols content, antioxidant activity (through two scavenging assays: DPPH and TBARS) and microbiological status. The obtained results showed that neither antioxidant source nor level affected on dressing %, thickness of breast meat and triglycerides and cholesterol compounds of chilled breast meat. On the other side, source of antioxidant have affected strongly on oxidative stability especially after freezing for 60 d. Among examined sources, using BAE was less efficient in reducing oxidation rate than both GAE and TP. The microbiological examination showed strong effect of both tested sources and levels of natural antioxidant additives on decreasing count of total bacteria and Staph. aureas in refrigerated and frozen broiler meat. Using BAE failed to decrease count of Staph. aureas in frozen meat as GAE and TP. According to results of DPPH and TBRAS assays and microbiological examination, adding GAE or TP to broiler diets could protect meat safe and healthy even with prolonged storage by freezing to 60 d.

Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 2016

Egyptian Poultry Science Association, 2015

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2015

World's Poultry Science Journal

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2013

Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the response to some safe alternatives growth promoters... more This study was carried out to investigate the response to some safe alternatives
growth promoters on some performance aspects of broiler chicks subjected to environmental
stress of summer season. Two hundred and eighty 1-day-old unsexed Arbor Acres broiler
chicks (averaged 41 g), divided equally into seven groups of four replicates each, were
reared on wire battery cages and had the same managerial procedures throughout the
growth trial term (June-August months). The experimental groups were; G1: A control group
was fed on the basal diet without treatment, G2: One dose oral gavage with 1 ml (1 x 1010
cfu) of self developed-undefined anaerobic (CE) culture/chick administrated at day-1 posthatch
within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm, G3: Two doses oral gavage
with CE culture/chick (1 x 1010 cfu, each), administrated twice; 1st time at day-1 post-hatch
within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm and another repeated dose (1 x 1010
cfu/ml) at day 11 of age, G4: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with commercial
prebiotic (MTB-100, 1 g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to
the control diets during grower and finisher periods, G5: was fed on the basal diets
supplemented with MTB-100 (1g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher
feeding, G6: was fed on the basal diet supplemented with commercial prebiotic (Bio-Mos,
1g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks were switched to the control diets
during grower and finisher periods, and G7: was fed on the basal diets supplemented with
Bio-Mos (1g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not during finisher feeding.
Results obtained could be summarized as follow:
- Body weight gain (BWG) did not significantly affected by the experimental
treatments. However, BWG were tended to increase with tested CE or prebiotics both during
finisher and the total experimental period. Feed conversion ratio during grower period was
significantly (P=0.003) affected by experimental treatments and not for other intervals.
- Gavaging CE twice significantly (P=0.05) showed higher total beneficial anaerobic
bacteria against the other treatments. Total aerobic bacteria were not significantly affected by
experimental treatments.
- Competitive exclusion or prebiotics significantly (P=0.001) increased red blood cell
count, hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the control treatment. While, mean
corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration were not significantly influenced by examined supplements
- Supplementation with CE or prebiotics significantly increased white blood cell count
(P=0.001), lymphocytes percent (P=0.001), serum Immunoglobulin A (P=0.007) and
Antibody against Newcastle Disease Virus (P=0.001), while heterophils percent (P=0.001)
and heterophils to lymphocytes ratio were significantly (P=0.001) decreased with tested
supplements compared to the control.
It can be recommended that providing either CE culture or commercial prebiotics
(Gos & Mos) may improve the performance of broiler chicks during summer months.

ABSTRACT This study was initiated with the aim of comparing the growth performance, immunity resp... more ABSTRACT
This study was initiated with the aim of comparing the growth performance, immunity
response and the change in duodenum microbiota of Arbor Acres broiler chicks that
maintained during summer season with providing two distinguished sources of beneficial
micro-organisms that were self developed undefined anaerobic culture isolated from the
digestive tract of adult healthy broilers (competitive exclusion; CE) and commercial probiotic
based on some Bacillus spp bacteria. Two hundred 1-day-old unsexed chicks (averaged 41
g), divided equally into five groups of four replicates each, were reared during June-August
months and had the same managerial procedures throughout the growth trial term.
Experimental groups were ordered according to the following regime: G1: A control group
was fed the basal diet without treatment, G2: One dose oral gavage with 1 ml (1 x 1010 cfu) of
CE/chick administrated at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to
the farm, G3: Two doses oral gavage with CE/chick (1 x 1010 cfu, each), administrated twice;
1st time at day-1 post-hatch within 6 hours after chicks had been arrived to the farm and
another repeated dose (1 x 1010 cfu/ml) at day 11 of age, G4: was fed on the basal diet
supplemented with Microguard (0.1 g/kg diet), only during starter period and then chicks
were switched to the control diets during grower and finisher periods and G5: was fed on the
basal diets supplemented with Microguard (0.1 g/kg diet) during starter and grower and not
during finisher feeding. Results obtained could be summarized as follow;
-Providing CE twice or commercial probiotic preparation significantly increased weight
gain (WG; P=0.05), while all tested groups significantly improved feed conversion ratio
(P=0.001) of broiler chicks only during grower period compared to the control.
- Total beneficial anaerobic bacteria were significantly (P=0.002) higher with gavaging CE
twice against the other treatments evaluated while total aerobic bacteria that are composed
not beneficial species were not significantly affected by treatments.
-Competitive exclusion or commercial probiotic treatment significantly increased red blood
cell count (P=0.001), hemoglobin (P=0.001) and hematocrit (P=0.001) compared to the
control group. While, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean
corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not significantly influenced by examined
supplements.
-Supplementation with CE or commercial probiotic significantly increased white blood cell
count’s (P=0.001) and lymphocytes percent (P=0.001), while heterophils percent (P=0.001)
and heterophils to lymphocytes ratio (P=0.001) were significantly decreased with tested
supplements compared to the control. Also, providing CE or commercial probiotic to broiler
chicks significantly increased serum IgA (P=0.036) and antibodies Titers against Newcastle
Disease Virus (P=0.004) compared to the control.
It can be recommended that providing probiotics, either in the form of undefined
beneficial culture from healthy adult chickens or commercial defined preparation can improve
the performance of broiler chicks during summer months.