Robert Edmonds - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Robert Edmonds
Soil and Plant Analysis for Forest Ecosystem Characterization, 2015
Soil and Plant Analysis for Forest Ecosystem Characterization, 2015
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Mar 1, 1981
Canadian journal of botany, Mar 15, 1980
Fruiting bodies and forest floor samples were collected and analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and... more Fruiting bodies and forest floor samples were collected and analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Na content in red alder, Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and Pacific silver fir ecosystems in western Washington. Different genera and species of fungi showed wide variation in the capability of concentrating nutrients within their fruiting bodies. Ranges of nutrient content for fruiting bodies were 0.66–11.27% N, 0.04–2.39% P, 7 – 32 080 ppm Ca, 2975 – 57 404 ppm K, 10–7096 ppm Mg, 3–1727 ppm Mn, 15–3975 ppm Fe, 18–6763 ppm Na, and 15–278 ppm Zn. Nitrogen, P, and K were concentrated in significantly higher levels in fruiting bodies versus the forest floor in all ecosystems. Nitrogen and K were concentrated at levels higher than 1% while P, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Na were concentrated at levels less than 1% of the dry weight of the fruiting bodies. Calcium was not concentrated by fungi in sporocarps, except for Armillariella mellea rhizomorphs (3.2% on dry weight basis). Lignicolous fungi were lower in N and K than nonlignicolous fungi.
Stroudsburg, Pa. : Hutchinson Ross Pub. Co. ; [New York] : distributed worldwide by Academic Press eBooks, 1982
Canadian Journal of Botany, 1989
Heterobasidion annosum produces conidia abundantly in culture; however, since conidiophores are r... more Heterobasidion annosum produces conidia abundantly in culture; however, since conidiophores are rare in nature, conidia are usually considered to have little or no role in dispersal. Heterokaryotic mycelia of H. annosum produce both heterokaryotic and homokaryotic conidia, whereas basidiospores are homokaryotic. This difference was exploited to assess the relative prevalence of these spore types in western hemlock forests of western Washington state. Two out of 10 spores trapped on selective media were found to give rise to heterokaryotic mycelia identified by the presence of clamp connections. However, homokaryotic conidia could not be distinguished from basidiospores by this method, so two approaches were taken in the laboratory: examining conidia for number of nuclei and determining frequency of clamp connections in conidial cultures. Both methods indicated that from a single heterokaryotic mycelium, half of the conidial progeny were homokaryotic and the other half heterokaryotic...
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
This paper contains discussions on: (1) how carbon is taken up by trees and hot it is stored and ... more This paper contains discussions on: (1) how carbon is taken up by trees and hot it is stored and cycled in forests; (2) the importance of managing the carbon cycle and mitigating climate change by managing plant chemistry; (3) the natural patterns of storing and cycling of carbon by forest soils and vegetation; (4) the altered carbon cycle due to global climate change and its connection to forests; (5) how the society can manage carbon in forests; and (6) the global management of carbon. Case studies on the measurement of carbon and carbon sequestration are given.
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Soil and Plant Analysis for Forest Ecosystem Characterization, 2015
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Journal of …, 2005
Page 1. Societal Values and Economic Return Added for Forest Owners by Linking Forests to Bioener... more Page 1. Societal Values and Economic Return Added for Forest Owners by Linking Forests to Bioenergy Production Kristiina A. Vogt, Michael G. Andreu, Daniel J. Vogt, Ragnhildur Sigurdardottir, Robert L. Edmonds, Peter Schiess, and Kevin Hodgson ...
Environmental Entomology, 1998
Arthropod density and species richness were determined using high-gradient extraction for soil on... more Arthropod density and species richness were determined using high-gradient extraction for soil on clearcut and late successional forests on the Olympic Peninsula, WA. Study objectives were to compare the effects of harvesting at different soil depths and dishUlces from coarse woody debris. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to determine the effects of soil moisture, CO2 evolution, and 0 and A horizon depth on species composition. Soil depth had a greater effect on changes in density than did distance to woody debris. Densities of Acari, as well as total species richness, were significantly higher at 0-5 em depths than at 5-10 em despite significantly lower moisture content at the soil surface. Density of Acari and Coleoptera and species richness were significantly higher on forested sites than on clearcuts. There was a trend toward higher Collembolan density on clearcuts, but the difference was not significant because of the very different responses on dry and wet clearcuts sites. The results of CCA suggests moisture and 0 and A horizon depths were the most important quantitative environmental factors we measured in determining differences in species composition. Clearcutting appeared to have site specific-effects on wet and dry site locations. Low moisture and temperature extremes did not appear to limit micro arthropod density. High rainfall accentuated by clearcutting was associated with lower 0 and A horizon depths and appeared to decrease Collembola and Coleoptera density on the wet clearcut. KEY WORDS coarse woody debris, arthropods, clearcutting, soils BECAUSE OF HlCH rates of input and relatively slow decomposition rates, forest floors in the Pacific Northwest are characterized by some of the highest biomass of coarse woody debris of any forest ecosystem measured (Spies and Cline 1988). Forests of the western Olympic Peninsula, WA, have the highest biomass measured with reports of up to +500 Mg. ha-J (Agee and Huff 1987). An increasing body of literature has identified woody debris as a critical habitat component for a number of vertebrate, invertebrate, and microbial organisms (Harmon et al. 1986, Speight 1989, Caza 1993, Samuelsson et al. 1994). Coarse woody debris is defined by logs >10 cm in diameter and one meter in length (Harmon and Hua 1991). Although, in the Pacific Northwest, a complex soil environment and a relatively mild climate is thought to contribute to an especially diverse and abundant microinvertebrate community (Moldenke 1990), the direct contribution of woody debris to microarthropod biodiversity is not fully known. The presence of woody debris is thought to enhance the diversity of soil organisms by increasing the physical, structural, and chemical heterogeneity of the forest floor (Warren and Key 1991). In addition woody debris also may be critical to the maintenance of the biological properties of the forest floor by contributing to soil organic matter, maintaining soil stability and increasing soil moisture levels (Amaranthus et al. 1989, Harvey et al. 1989, Edmonds 1991). Although annual precipitation is higher in the Pacific Northwest compared with most other parts of the United States, summers can be relatively dry with 90% of the average rainfall occurring from October to May (Franklin and Waring 1980). On dryer sites, summer soil moisture levels can approach levels that begin to inhibit ecosystem processes like primary production and litter decomposition (Edmonds 1979, Franklin and Waring 1980). The biological properties of the forest floor also can be affected by summer drought, particularly if these conditions are further accentuated by clearcut harvesting (Harvey et al. 1976, 1979; Perry et al. 1987). Clearcutting can reduce the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods primarily by reducing organic matter and by increasing temperature and moisture extremes beyond the tolerance range for most arthropods (Vlug and Borden 1973;
Soil and Plant Analysis for Forest Ecosystem Characterization, 2015
Soil and Plant Analysis for Forest Ecosystem Characterization, 2015
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
De Gruyter eBooks, Dec 31, 2015
Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Mar 1, 1981
Canadian journal of botany, Mar 15, 1980
Fruiting bodies and forest floor samples were collected and analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and... more Fruiting bodies and forest floor samples were collected and analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Na content in red alder, Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and Pacific silver fir ecosystems in western Washington. Different genera and species of fungi showed wide variation in the capability of concentrating nutrients within their fruiting bodies. Ranges of nutrient content for fruiting bodies were 0.66–11.27% N, 0.04–2.39% P, 7 – 32 080 ppm Ca, 2975 – 57 404 ppm K, 10–7096 ppm Mg, 3–1727 ppm Mn, 15–3975 ppm Fe, 18–6763 ppm Na, and 15–278 ppm Zn. Nitrogen, P, and K were concentrated in significantly higher levels in fruiting bodies versus the forest floor in all ecosystems. Nitrogen and K were concentrated at levels higher than 1% while P, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Na were concentrated at levels less than 1% of the dry weight of the fruiting bodies. Calcium was not concentrated by fungi in sporocarps, except for Armillariella mellea rhizomorphs (3.2% on dry weight basis). Lignicolous fungi were lower in N and K than nonlignicolous fungi.
Stroudsburg, Pa. : Hutchinson Ross Pub. Co. ; [New York] : distributed worldwide by Academic Press eBooks, 1982
Canadian Journal of Botany, 1989
Heterobasidion annosum produces conidia abundantly in culture; however, since conidiophores are r... more Heterobasidion annosum produces conidia abundantly in culture; however, since conidiophores are rare in nature, conidia are usually considered to have little or no role in dispersal. Heterokaryotic mycelia of H. annosum produce both heterokaryotic and homokaryotic conidia, whereas basidiospores are homokaryotic. This difference was exploited to assess the relative prevalence of these spore types in western hemlock forests of western Washington state. Two out of 10 spores trapped on selective media were found to give rise to heterokaryotic mycelia identified by the presence of clamp connections. However, homokaryotic conidia could not be distinguished from basidiospores by this method, so two approaches were taken in the laboratory: examining conidia for number of nuclei and determining frequency of clamp connections in conidial cultures. Both methods indicated that from a single heterokaryotic mycelium, half of the conidial progeny were homokaryotic and the other half heterokaryotic...
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
This paper contains discussions on: (1) how carbon is taken up by trees and hot it is stored and ... more This paper contains discussions on: (1) how carbon is taken up by trees and hot it is stored and cycled in forests; (2) the importance of managing the carbon cycle and mitigating climate change by managing plant chemistry; (3) the natural patterns of storing and cycling of carbon by forest soils and vegetation; (4) the altered carbon cycle due to global climate change and its connection to forests; (5) how the society can manage carbon in forests; and (6) the global management of carbon. Case studies on the measurement of carbon and carbon sequestration are given.
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Soil and Plant Analysis for Forest Ecosystem Characterization, 2015
Forests and society: sustainability and life cycles of forests in human landscapes
Journal of …, 2005
Page 1. Societal Values and Economic Return Added for Forest Owners by Linking Forests to Bioener... more Page 1. Societal Values and Economic Return Added for Forest Owners by Linking Forests to Bioenergy Production Kristiina A. Vogt, Michael G. Andreu, Daniel J. Vogt, Ragnhildur Sigurdardottir, Robert L. Edmonds, Peter Schiess, and Kevin Hodgson ...
Environmental Entomology, 1998
Arthropod density and species richness were determined using high-gradient extraction for soil on... more Arthropod density and species richness were determined using high-gradient extraction for soil on clearcut and late successional forests on the Olympic Peninsula, WA. Study objectives were to compare the effects of harvesting at different soil depths and dishUlces from coarse woody debris. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to determine the effects of soil moisture, CO2 evolution, and 0 and A horizon depth on species composition. Soil depth had a greater effect on changes in density than did distance to woody debris. Densities of Acari, as well as total species richness, were significantly higher at 0-5 em depths than at 5-10 em despite significantly lower moisture content at the soil surface. Density of Acari and Coleoptera and species richness were significantly higher on forested sites than on clearcuts. There was a trend toward higher Collembolan density on clearcuts, but the difference was not significant because of the very different responses on dry and wet clearcuts sites. The results of CCA suggests moisture and 0 and A horizon depths were the most important quantitative environmental factors we measured in determining differences in species composition. Clearcutting appeared to have site specific-effects on wet and dry site locations. Low moisture and temperature extremes did not appear to limit micro arthropod density. High rainfall accentuated by clearcutting was associated with lower 0 and A horizon depths and appeared to decrease Collembola and Coleoptera density on the wet clearcut. KEY WORDS coarse woody debris, arthropods, clearcutting, soils BECAUSE OF HlCH rates of input and relatively slow decomposition rates, forest floors in the Pacific Northwest are characterized by some of the highest biomass of coarse woody debris of any forest ecosystem measured (Spies and Cline 1988). Forests of the western Olympic Peninsula, WA, have the highest biomass measured with reports of up to +500 Mg. ha-J (Agee and Huff 1987). An increasing body of literature has identified woody debris as a critical habitat component for a number of vertebrate, invertebrate, and microbial organisms (Harmon et al. 1986, Speight 1989, Caza 1993, Samuelsson et al. 1994). Coarse woody debris is defined by logs >10 cm in diameter and one meter in length (Harmon and Hua 1991). Although, in the Pacific Northwest, a complex soil environment and a relatively mild climate is thought to contribute to an especially diverse and abundant microinvertebrate community (Moldenke 1990), the direct contribution of woody debris to microarthropod biodiversity is not fully known. The presence of woody debris is thought to enhance the diversity of soil organisms by increasing the physical, structural, and chemical heterogeneity of the forest floor (Warren and Key 1991). In addition woody debris also may be critical to the maintenance of the biological properties of the forest floor by contributing to soil organic matter, maintaining soil stability and increasing soil moisture levels (Amaranthus et al. 1989, Harvey et al. 1989, Edmonds 1991). Although annual precipitation is higher in the Pacific Northwest compared with most other parts of the United States, summers can be relatively dry with 90% of the average rainfall occurring from October to May (Franklin and Waring 1980). On dryer sites, summer soil moisture levels can approach levels that begin to inhibit ecosystem processes like primary production and litter decomposition (Edmonds 1979, Franklin and Waring 1980). The biological properties of the forest floor also can be affected by summer drought, particularly if these conditions are further accentuated by clearcut harvesting (Harvey et al. 1976, 1979; Perry et al. 1987). Clearcutting can reduce the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods primarily by reducing organic matter and by increasing temperature and moisture extremes beyond the tolerance range for most arthropods (Vlug and Borden 1973;