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Papers by Robert J. Frosch

Research paper thumbnail of Innovative Bridge Construction Program: Implementation of Full-Depth Bridge Deck Panels in Indiana

This research evaluates the use of precast, prestressed bridge deck panels on new and existing pr... more This research evaluates the use of precast, prestressed bridge deck panels on new and existing precast, prestressed concrete girders. The evaluation focuses on the ease of construction and the ability of the system to develop composite action with the concrete girders. A system developed by the Connecticut Department of Transportation (CDOT) and Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute New England Region (PCINER) was

Research paper thumbnail of Design Methods for the Control of Restrained Shrinkage Cracking

Cracking in concrete bridge decks can result in increased susceptibility to deterioration. As cra... more Cracking in concrete bridge decks can result in increased susceptibility to deterioration. As cracks provide direct routes for the ingress of deleterious elements to the reinforcement and superstructure, cracking can lead to reduced service lives for bridge structures. Several factors affect the extent of cracks which develop in bridge decks; however, relatively few are within the control of the designer.

Research paper thumbnail of Earthquake Resistance of Integral Abutment Bridges

intermediate length bridges. Integral abutment construction eliminates joints and bearings which ... more intermediate length bridges. Integral abutment construction eliminates joints and bearings which reduce long-term maintenance costs. However, in the absence of joints and bearings, the bridge abutments and foundations must be able to accommodate lateral movements from thermal expansion and contraction of the superstructure and from seismic events. Previous research has focused on the response to thermal expansion and contraction. The

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of Bridge Deck Cracking in Various Bridge Superstructure Systems

Many bridges in the state of Indiana have been identified to have cracking in the concrete deck. ... more Many bridges in the state of Indiana have been identified to have cracking in the concrete deck. Cracking has been identified in the negative and positive moment regions of bridges on both the top and bottom surfaces and can appear before or shortly after the opening of the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Response of a Precast Infill Wall System

Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, 2003

Many reinforced concrete moment resisting frame buildings in seismic zones lack strength and duct... more Many reinforced concrete moment resisting frame buildings in seismic zones lack strength and ductility. A precast infill system may provide an economic advantage for the retrofit of these structures. In order to evaluate the performance of this type of system, a two-story nonductile frame was constructed and rehabilitated with a precast infill wall and post-tensioning system. Three tests were performed

Research paper thumbnail of Performance-Related Specifications for Concrete Bridge Superstructures, Volume 3: Nonmetallic Reinforcement

Research paper thumbnail of Long-Term Behavior of Integral Abutment Bridges

... Bridge, Bridge Design, Integral Abutment, Jointless Bridge, Skew, SPR-3223. ... Additional Fi... more ... Bridge, Bridge Design, Integral Abutment, Jointless Bridge, Skew, SPR-3223. ... Additional Files. Lovell Appendix A.doc (4972 kB) Appendix A Lovell Appendix B.doc (591 kB) Appendix B Lovell Appendix C.doc (5994 kB) Appendix C Lovell Appendix D.doc (4800 kB) Appendix D ...

Research paper thumbnail of Retrofit of Non‐Ductile Moment‐Resisting Frames Using Precast Infill Wall Panels

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of load–deflection behavior of multi-span FRP and steel reinforced concrete beams

Composite Structures, Nov 15, 2015

This paper presents a numerical procedure to determine the deflection of concrete members reinfor... more This paper presents a numerical procedure to determine the deflection of concrete members reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) or steel bars. This procedure is implemented into the stiffness matrix to allow for general use in the structural analysis. It considers effective flexibilities of members in the cracked state using either the curvature distribution along the member or available effective stiffness models under any loading or support condition. In general, structural concrete members can be considered to have three cracked regions (two at the ends and one at midspan) and two uncracked regions along their length. In this numerical procedure, the contributions of these regions to the member stiffness matrix are computed using a numerical integration technique. Using this procedure, a software program is developed which allows for the load–deflection behavior of a member reinforced with either FRP or steel bars and subjected to any loading or support condition to be rapidly determined. This calculation procedure is evaluated using available experimental data on the load–deflection behavior of simple and two-span beams reinforced with FRP and steel bars. Through comparison of the results, it is observed that the load–deflection behaviors calculated using the proposed approach utilizing the member moment–curvature response are consistent with the experimental data. This approach can provide a useful tool for the general calculation of deflection regardless of reinforcement type and can be used throughout the entire range of member behavior up to flexural failure.

Research paper thumbnail of Innovative Bridge Construction Program: Implementation of Full-Depth Bridge Deck Panels in Indiana

This research evaluates the use of precast, prestressed bridge deck panels on new and existing pr... more This research evaluates the use of precast, prestressed bridge deck panels on new and existing precast, prestressed concrete girders. The evaluation focuses on the ease of construction and the ability of the system to develop composite action with the concrete girders. A system developed by the Connecticut Department of Transportation (CDOT) and Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute New England Region (PCINER) was

Research paper thumbnail of Design Methods for the Control of Restrained Shrinkage Cracking

Cracking in concrete bridge decks can result in increased susceptibility to deterioration. As cra... more Cracking in concrete bridge decks can result in increased susceptibility to deterioration. As cracks provide direct routes for the ingress of deleterious elements to the reinforcement and superstructure, cracking can lead to reduced service lives for bridge structures. Several factors affect the extent of cracks which develop in bridge decks; however, relatively few are within the control of the designer.

Research paper thumbnail of Earthquake Resistance of Integral Abutment Bridges

intermediate length bridges. Integral abutment construction eliminates joints and bearings which ... more intermediate length bridges. Integral abutment construction eliminates joints and bearings which reduce long-term maintenance costs. However, in the absence of joints and bearings, the bridge abutments and foundations must be able to accommodate lateral movements from thermal expansion and contraction of the superstructure and from seismic events. Previous research has focused on the response to thermal expansion and contraction. The

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of Bridge Deck Cracking in Various Bridge Superstructure Systems

Many bridges in the state of Indiana have been identified to have cracking in the concrete deck. ... more Many bridges in the state of Indiana have been identified to have cracking in the concrete deck. Cracking has been identified in the negative and positive moment regions of bridges on both the top and bottom surfaces and can appear before or shortly after the opening of the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Response of a Precast Infill Wall System

Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, 2003

Many reinforced concrete moment resisting frame buildings in seismic zones lack strength and duct... more Many reinforced concrete moment resisting frame buildings in seismic zones lack strength and ductility. A precast infill system may provide an economic advantage for the retrofit of these structures. In order to evaluate the performance of this type of system, a two-story nonductile frame was constructed and rehabilitated with a precast infill wall and post-tensioning system. Three tests were performed

Research paper thumbnail of Performance-Related Specifications for Concrete Bridge Superstructures, Volume 3: Nonmetallic Reinforcement

Research paper thumbnail of Long-Term Behavior of Integral Abutment Bridges

... Bridge, Bridge Design, Integral Abutment, Jointless Bridge, Skew, SPR-3223. ... Additional Fi... more ... Bridge, Bridge Design, Integral Abutment, Jointless Bridge, Skew, SPR-3223. ... Additional Files. Lovell Appendix A.doc (4972 kB) Appendix A Lovell Appendix B.doc (591 kB) Appendix B Lovell Appendix C.doc (5994 kB) Appendix C Lovell Appendix D.doc (4800 kB) Appendix D ...

Research paper thumbnail of Retrofit of Non‐Ductile Moment‐Resisting Frames Using Precast Infill Wall Panels

Research paper thumbnail of Prediction of load–deflection behavior of multi-span FRP and steel reinforced concrete beams

Composite Structures, Nov 15, 2015

This paper presents a numerical procedure to determine the deflection of concrete members reinfor... more This paper presents a numerical procedure to determine the deflection of concrete members reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) or steel bars. This procedure is implemented into the stiffness matrix to allow for general use in the structural analysis. It considers effective flexibilities of members in the cracked state using either the curvature distribution along the member or available effective stiffness models under any loading or support condition. In general, structural concrete members can be considered to have three cracked regions (two at the ends and one at midspan) and two uncracked regions along their length. In this numerical procedure, the contributions of these regions to the member stiffness matrix are computed using a numerical integration technique. Using this procedure, a software program is developed which allows for the load–deflection behavior of a member reinforced with either FRP or steel bars and subjected to any loading or support condition to be rapidly determined. This calculation procedure is evaluated using available experimental data on the load–deflection behavior of simple and two-span beams reinforced with FRP and steel bars. Through comparison of the results, it is observed that the load–deflection behaviors calculated using the proposed approach utilizing the member moment–curvature response are consistent with the experimental data. This approach can provide a useful tool for the general calculation of deflection regardless of reinforcement type and can be used throughout the entire range of member behavior up to flexural failure.