Robert Krauss - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Robert Krauss

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1966

Page 1. BRIEF ARTICLES 343 GOLIJN, ES Forming impressions of personality. Journal of Personality,... more Page 1. BRIEF ARTICLES 343 GOLIJN, ES Forming impressions of personality. Journal of Personality, 1954, 23, 65-76. HAKE, M., &amp; GHUNES, WF Perceptual defenses: Processes protecting an original perception of an-other personality. Human Relations, 1950, 14, 649-656. ...

Psychopharmacologia, 2010

Rationale Most reports of the effects of methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (M... more Rationale Most reports of the effects of methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on speech have been anecdotal. Objectives The current study used a within-participant design to assess the effects of methamphetamine and MDMA on speech. Materials and methods Eleven recreational users of amphetamines completed this inpatient, within-participant, double-blind study, during which they received placebo, methamphetamine (20, 40 mg), and MDMA (100 mg) on separate days. Following drug administration, study participants described movies viewed the previous evening and completed mood scales. Results Methamphetamine increased quantity of speech, fluency, and self-ratings of talkativeness and alertness, while it decreased the average duration of nonjuncture unfilled pauses. MDMA decreased fluency and increased self-ratings of inability to concentrate. To determine if methamphetamine-and MDMA-related effects were perceptible, undergraduates listened to the participants' movie descriptions and rated their coherence and the speaker's mood. Following methamphetamine, descriptions were judged to be more coherent and focused than they were following MDMA. Conclusions Methamphetamine improved verbal fluency and MDMA adversely affected fluency. This pattern of effects is consistent with the effects of these drugs on functioning in other cognitive domains. In general, methamphetamine effects on speech were inconsistent with effects popularly attributed to this drug, while MDMA-related effects were in agreement with some anecdotal reports and discordant with others.

Signs, language and behavior., 2000

Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1967

The Ss in this experiment, working either singly (Monologue condition) or in pairs (Dialogue cond... more The Ss in this experiment, working either singly (Monologue condition) or in pairs (Dialogue condition), attempted to solve a problem which required that they communicate information about four color chips. Sets of either Similar or Dissimilar colors were employed. The codability of colors (as measured both by name length and interpersonal agreement) was greater for colors in Dissimilar sets than for those in Similar sets. As measured by interpersonal agreement, but not name length, codabflity was greater in the Dialogue condition than in the Monologue condition. In addition, for both measures, the two independent variables interacted significantly. The results were discussed in terms of a model of interpersonal communication.

Journal of Personality, Mar 1, 1965

Atkmson, J W The achievement motive and the recall of interrupted and completed tasks / exp Psych... more Atkmson, J W The achievement motive and the recall of interrupted and completed tasks / exp Psychol, 1953, «, 381-390 Brehm, J W Post-decision changes m the desirabihty of alternatives / abnorm soc Psychol, 1956, 51, 384-389 Brehm, J W Increasmg cogmtive dissonance by a fait accompli J abnorm soc Psychol, 1959, 58, 379-382 Brehm, J W Attitudinal consequences of commitment to unpleasant behavior J abnorm soc Psychol, i960, 6B, 379-383

The American Journal of Psychology, Feb 1, 2004

Co-speech gestures traditionally have been considered communicative, but they may also serve othe... more Co-speech gestures traditionally have been considered communicative, but they may also serve other functions. For example, hand-arm movements seem to facilitate both spatial working memory and speech production. It has been proposed that gestures facilitate speech indirectly by sustaining spatial representations in working memory. Alternatively, gestures may affect speech production directly by activating embodied semantic representations involved in lexical search. Consistent with the first hypothesis, we found participants gestured more when describing visual objects from memory and when describing objects that were difficult to remember and encode verbally. However, they also gestured when describing a visually accessible object, and gesture restriction produced dysfluent speech even when spatial memory was untaxed, suggesting that gestures can directly affect both spatial memory and lexical retrieval.

Merrill Palmer Quarterly, 1968

... Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Communication abilities of children as a fun... more ... Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Communication abilities of children as a function of status and age. Krauss, Robert M.; Rotter, George S. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly: Journal of Developmental Psychology, Vol 14(2), 1968, 161-173. Abstract. ...

Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1998

Students of human nature traditionally have considered conversational gestures-unplanned, articul... more Students of human nature traditionally have considered conversational gestures-unplanned, articulate hand movements that accompany spontaneous speech-to be a medium for conveying semantic information, the visual counterpart of words. 2 Over a century ago, Sir Francis Bacon put the relationship of gesture and language in the form of a simple analogy: "As the tongue speaketh to the ear, so the gesture speaketh to the eye" (Bacon, 1891).

The Development of Self-Regulatory Mechanisms, 1971

APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...

Word Counts: Abstract = 129, Body Text = 4,832, References = 1,624. Movement,Facilitates Speech 2... more Word Counts: Abstract = 129, Body Text = 4,832, References = 1,624. Movement,Facilitates Speech 2 Movement Facilitates Speech Production:

Perspectives on socially shared cognition., 1991

Much of what social psychologists think about nonverbal behavior derives from a proposal made mor... more Much of what social psychologists think about nonverbal behavior derives from a proposal made more than a century ago by Charles Darwin. In The expression of the emotions in man and animals (Darwin,1872), he posed the question: Why do our facial expressions of emotions take the particular forms they do? Why do we wrinkle our nose when we are disgusted, bare our teeth and narrow our eyes when enraged, and stare wide-eyed when we are transfixed by fear? Darwin's answer was that we do these things primarily because they are vestiges of serviceable associated habits -behaviors that earlier in our evolutionary history had specific and direct functions. For a species that attacked by biting, baring the teeth was a necessary prelude to an assault; wrinkling the nose reduced the inhalation of foul odors; and so forth.

Journal of abnormal and social psychology, 1960

Page 1. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 1960, Vol. 01, No. 2, 181-189 THE EFFECT OF THR... more Page 1. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 1960, Vol. 01, No. 2, 181-189 THE EFFECT OF THREAT UPON INTERPERSONAL BARGAINING MORTON DEUTSCH AND ROBERT M. KRAUSS Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, Murray Hill, New Jersey ...