Roman Szatanik - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Roman Szatanik

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2002

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investi... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investigated. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen, which diffuses in a gradient of electric field. In order to effectively explain the obtained results, a theoretical model was elaborated. It assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the stretched metal: J i Fof migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and J i-d Fof migration, according to the interstitial-defective mechanism.

Physica Scripta, 2005

ABSTRACT Influence of defects induced by cold rolling on hydrogen electromigration in palladium w... more ABSTRACT Influence of defects induced by cold rolling on hydrogen electromigration in palladium was investigated. It was found that the obtained results can not be explained by means of the occurrence of only one (interstitial) diffusion mechanism. However, accepting the assumption that in the process of hydrogen electromigration in defected palladium there appear two mechanisms of diffusion, that is interstitial (i) and interstitial-defective (i-d), that describe the experimentally obtained dependences well enough. In order to determine the influence of kinds of defects and their concentration on hydrogen electromigration, examination of changes in positron lifetimes and electric resistance in dependence on the degree of cold working on palladium were additionally conducted.

Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics, 2009

Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron and St20 steel corroded in the water solution o... more Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron and St20 steel corroded in the water solution of HCl and in vapour above its surface have been investigated with emphasis on the effect of corrosion time and environment (solution or vapour) as well as of the presence and orientation of the magnetic field on the measured positron annihilation parameters. All the registered positron lifetime spectra consist of two components. For corroded samples the intensities of the two components as well as the corresponding values of the mean positron lifetime, differ from those for uncorroded material. The corrosion-induced changes in the positron annihilation parameters depend on the corrosion environment (solution or vapour) and on the presence and direction of external magnetic field.

Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron corroded in a water solution of HCl and in vapo... more Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron corroded in a water solution of HCl and in vapour above its surface have been investigated with emphasis on the effect of corrosion time and environment (solution or vapour) as well as of the presence and orientation of the magnetic field on the measured positron annihilation parameters. All the registered positron lifetime spectra consist of two components. For corroded samples, the intensities of the two components as well as the corresponding values of the mean positron lifetime, differ from those for uncorroded material. The corrosion-induced changes in the positron annihilation parameters depend on the corrosion environment (solution or vapour) and on the presence and direction of external magnetic field.

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2005

Positrons lifetimes were measured in medical substances of insulin (human and animal), differing ... more Positrons lifetimes were measured in medical substances of insulin (human and animal), differing as far as the degree of purity and time of their activity in the organism are concerned. In all of the cases the spectrum of positron lifetime was distributed into three components, with the long-life component ranging from 1.8 to 2.08 ns and the intensity taking on values from 18 to 24%. Making use of Tao-Eldrup model, the average radius of the free volume, in which o-Ps annihilated, and the degree of filling in the volume were determined. It was found that the value of the long-life component for human insulin is higher than that of animal insulin. Moreover, the value of this component clearly depends on the manner of purification of the insulin. It was also noticed that there occurs a correlation between the value of this component and the time after which it begins to be active in the organism, as well as the total time of its activity.

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2001

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium defected through quenching to liquid nitr... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium defected through quenching to liquid nitrogen temperature were investigated. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen which diffuses in a gradient of electric field. In order to effectively explain the obtained results, a theoretical model was elaborated. It assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the quenched metal: K J i Fof migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and K J i2d Fof migration, according to the interstitial-defective mechanism.

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2005

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investi... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investigated. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen, which diffuses in a gradient of electric field. In order to effectively explain the obtained results, a theoretical model was elaborated. It assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the stretched metal: J i Fof migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and J i-d Fof migration, according to the interstitial-defective mechanism.

The positron lifetime spectra in iron defected with a beam of Bi +51 and Kr +27 ions of energies ... more The positron lifetime spectra in iron defected with a beam of Bi +51 and Kr +27 ions of energies 670 MeV and 240 MeV, respectively, were investigated. These spectra were analysed by an appropriate separation in 1, 2 or 3 components. It has been found that the experimental data best fit to the assumed model if only two components are taken into account. For comparison, we investigated both irradiated and non-irradiated surfaces of the sample. We have taken into account the fact that the range of penetration of iron by Bi and Kr ions is small. The dependence of the positron lifetime spectra on the absorbed dose and kind of the bombarding ions is presented.

Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics, 2011

Physica Scripta, 2003

ABSTRACT The influence of annealing temperature and stretching with external forces on lifetimes ... more ABSTRACT The influence of annealing temperature and stretching with external forces on lifetimes of positrons in Fe, Pd and Pd-H0.05 was investigated. It was found that in all of the examined cases the best fitting of the obtained spectrum of lifetimes of positrons to the theoretical model can be achieved with the assumption that the spectra consist of two components of lifetimes tau1 and tau2 and intensities I1 and I2, respectively. In rolled Fe and Pd, at a high degree of cold work, all the positrons annihilate from the trapping state in two types of defects of clearly different lifetimes. It was observed that dislocations in Fe become active in temperatures exceeding 923 K and in Pd-above 623 K. Deformation through one-axis stretching of Fe, Pd and PdH0.05 within the range of proportional elastic stresses, causes a decrease in lifetimes of positrons in defects of larger sizes. A hysteresis of component tau2 was observed at returning from the stressed state to the free one. Within the range of plastic deformations, changes in the long life component of the spectrum of positron lifetimes correlate with the changes in the length resulting from stretching with external forces.

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2006

The paper deals with examining the lifetimes of positrons emitted from 22 Na source in corroded S... more The paper deals with examining the lifetimes of positrons emitted from 22 Na source in corroded St20 and St3S steels. Influence of the method of defecting the sample surfaces on the spectrum of positron lifetimes was investigated. Influence of temperature of initial annealing of samples, plastic deformation, electrolytic hydrogenation and corrosion in HCl vapors on trapping positrons in the examined steels was also determined.

Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2009

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in iron, depending on unit elongation, were investigat... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in iron, depending on unit elongation, were investigated. The resistivity method was applied in the investigations. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen, which diffuses in the electric field. In order to explain the obtained results, we assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the stretched metal: migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and migration according to the interstitial-defective mechanism. The dependence of effective valences and diffusion coefficients for both mechanisms were determined.

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2006

The positron lifetime in steel St-20 were determined before and following corrosion in HCl vapors... more The positron lifetime in steel St-20 were determined before and following corrosion in HCl vapors. The influence of external magnetic field and remanent magnetization state on the parameters of the positron lifetime spectrum in the steel were investigated. It was found that the presence of magnetic field causes a decrease in the intensity of the component connected with annihilation of positrons in the close-to-the-surface lattice defects.

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2002

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investi... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investigated. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen, which diffuses in a gradient of electric field. In order to effectively explain the obtained results, a theoretical model was elaborated. It assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the stretched metal: J i Fof migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and J i-d Fof migration, according to the interstitial-defective mechanism.

Physica Scripta, 2005

ABSTRACT Influence of defects induced by cold rolling on hydrogen electromigration in palladium w... more ABSTRACT Influence of defects induced by cold rolling on hydrogen electromigration in palladium was investigated. It was found that the obtained results can not be explained by means of the occurrence of only one (interstitial) diffusion mechanism. However, accepting the assumption that in the process of hydrogen electromigration in defected palladium there appear two mechanisms of diffusion, that is interstitial (i) and interstitial-defective (i-d), that describe the experimentally obtained dependences well enough. In order to determine the influence of kinds of defects and their concentration on hydrogen electromigration, examination of changes in positron lifetimes and electric resistance in dependence on the degree of cold working on palladium were additionally conducted.

Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics, 2009

Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron and St20 steel corroded in the water solution o... more Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron and St20 steel corroded in the water solution of HCl and in vapour above its surface have been investigated with emphasis on the effect of corrosion time and environment (solution or vapour) as well as of the presence and orientation of the magnetic field on the measured positron annihilation parameters. All the registered positron lifetime spectra consist of two components. For corroded samples the intensities of the two components as well as the corresponding values of the mean positron lifetime, differ from those for uncorroded material. The corrosion-induced changes in the positron annihilation parameters depend on the corrosion environment (solution or vapour) and on the presence and direction of external magnetic field.

Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron corroded in a water solution of HCl and in vapo... more Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron corroded in a water solution of HCl and in vapour above its surface have been investigated with emphasis on the effect of corrosion time and environment (solution or vapour) as well as of the presence and orientation of the magnetic field on the measured positron annihilation parameters. All the registered positron lifetime spectra consist of two components. For corroded samples, the intensities of the two components as well as the corresponding values of the mean positron lifetime, differ from those for uncorroded material. The corrosion-induced changes in the positron annihilation parameters depend on the corrosion environment (solution or vapour) and on the presence and direction of external magnetic field.

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2005

Positrons lifetimes were measured in medical substances of insulin (human and animal), differing ... more Positrons lifetimes were measured in medical substances of insulin (human and animal), differing as far as the degree of purity and time of their activity in the organism are concerned. In all of the cases the spectrum of positron lifetime was distributed into three components, with the long-life component ranging from 1.8 to 2.08 ns and the intensity taking on values from 18 to 24%. Making use of Tao-Eldrup model, the average radius of the free volume, in which o-Ps annihilated, and the degree of filling in the volume were determined. It was found that the value of the long-life component for human insulin is higher than that of animal insulin. Moreover, the value of this component clearly depends on the manner of purification of the insulin. It was also noticed that there occurs a correlation between the value of this component and the time after which it begins to be active in the organism, as well as the total time of its activity.

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2001

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium defected through quenching to liquid nitr... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium defected through quenching to liquid nitrogen temperature were investigated. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen which diffuses in a gradient of electric field. In order to effectively explain the obtained results, a theoretical model was elaborated. It assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the quenched metal: K J i Fof migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and K J i2d Fof migration, according to the interstitial-defective mechanism.

Physica B-condensed Matter, 2005

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investi... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in palladium depending on unit elongation were investigated. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen, which diffuses in a gradient of electric field. In order to effectively explain the obtained results, a theoretical model was elaborated. It assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the stretched metal: J i Fof migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and J i-d Fof migration, according to the interstitial-defective mechanism.

The positron lifetime spectra in iron defected with a beam of Bi +51 and Kr +27 ions of energies ... more The positron lifetime spectra in iron defected with a beam of Bi +51 and Kr +27 ions of energies 670 MeV and 240 MeV, respectively, were investigated. These spectra were analysed by an appropriate separation in 1, 2 or 3 components. It has been found that the experimental data best fit to the assumed model if only two components are taken into account. For comparison, we investigated both irradiated and non-irradiated surfaces of the sample. We have taken into account the fact that the range of penetration of iron by Bi and Kr ions is small. The dependence of the positron lifetime spectra on the absorbed dose and kind of the bombarding ions is presented.

Physica Status Solidi B-basic Solid State Physics, 2011

Physica Scripta, 2003

ABSTRACT The influence of annealing temperature and stretching with external forces on lifetimes ... more ABSTRACT The influence of annealing temperature and stretching with external forces on lifetimes of positrons in Fe, Pd and Pd-H0.05 was investigated. It was found that in all of the examined cases the best fitting of the obtained spectrum of lifetimes of positrons to the theoretical model can be achieved with the assumption that the spectra consist of two components of lifetimes tau1 and tau2 and intensities I1 and I2, respectively. In rolled Fe and Pd, at a high degree of cold work, all the positrons annihilate from the trapping state in two types of defects of clearly different lifetimes. It was observed that dislocations in Fe become active in temperatures exceeding 923 K and in Pd-above 623 K. Deformation through one-axis stretching of Fe, Pd and PdH0.05 within the range of proportional elastic stresses, causes a decrease in lifetimes of positrons in defects of larger sizes. A hysteresis of component tau2 was observed at returning from the stressed state to the free one. Within the range of plastic deformations, changes in the long life component of the spectrum of positron lifetimes correlate with the changes in the length resulting from stretching with external forces.

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2006

The paper deals with examining the lifetimes of positrons emitted from 22 Na source in corroded S... more The paper deals with examining the lifetimes of positrons emitted from 22 Na source in corroded St20 and St3S steels. Influence of the method of defecting the sample surfaces on the spectrum of positron lifetimes was investigated. Influence of temperature of initial annealing of samples, plastic deformation, electrolytic hydrogenation and corrosion in HCl vapors on trapping positrons in the examined steels was also determined.

Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2009

Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in iron, depending on unit elongation, were investigat... more Electromigration and diffusion of hydrogen in iron, depending on unit elongation, were investigated. The resistivity method was applied in the investigations. It was found that the obtained experimental results cannot be described by means of a single flux of hydrogen, which diffuses in the electric field. In order to explain the obtained results, we assumed the existence of the following two fluxes of hydrogen in the stretched metal: migration, according to the interstitial mechanism, and migration according to the interstitial-defective mechanism. The dependence of effective valences and diffusion coefficients for both mechanisms were determined.

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2006

The positron lifetime in steel St-20 were determined before and following corrosion in HCl vapors... more The positron lifetime in steel St-20 were determined before and following corrosion in HCl vapors. The influence of external magnetic field and remanent magnetization state on the parameters of the positron lifetime spectrum in the steel were investigated. It was found that the presence of magnetic field causes a decrease in the intensity of the component connected with annihilation of positrons in the close-to-the-surface lattice defects.