Angela Roper - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Angela Roper
Whilst theories of business internationalization assert that foreignness poses challenges to mult... more Whilst theories of business internationalization assert that foreignness poses challenges to multinational companies’ subsidiaries operating abroad, historical study of Hilton International’s expansion in the 1960s suggests otherwise. In its early internationalization Hilton International transferred abroad its institutional ownership advantages including corporate philosophy and culture, its practices, policies, processes and work systems and product design. Despite claims of social embeddedness, the London Hilton was perceived to be a typically American hotel. Analysis of Hilton’s expansion strategy suggests that the company used its foreignness as a differentiating factor. This article contributes towards the limited business history research in the area of internationalization and knowledge transference. Historical analysis of Hilton’s internationalization contradicts the institutionalism’s assumption that multinationals must adapt to local institutional settings. This article enhances the notion that playing the ‘foreignness’ game can lead to a comparative global advantage.
Current Issues in Tourism, 2015
Overtime, and with the advent of moving to asset-light, the companies in the corporate hotel indu... more Overtime, and with the advent of moving to asset-light, the companies in the corporate hotel industry have given up parts of the value chain. This has enabled new intermediate markets to emerge which have divided a previously integrated production/service process and enabled sets of specialized firms to enter and for the industry to become vertically disintegrated. This paper examines the drivers, as well as the necessary conditions and enabling processes, which have facilitated this industrial change. For the major hotel companies, competing in a disintegrated industry has far-reaching consequences which have a spill-over effect on tourism education and research.
... 273 131 lloyd strategie back 855 irrational employment acknowledgement span overtime sphere o... more ... 273 131 lloyd strategie back 855 irrational employment acknowledgement span overtime sphere operative' sure grown comfort strongly 198W ... lettable strength brian concentration 199 resistance rofit practice parent fed opposed accor tran inclusive theorist BAAH' growing 334 ...
International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 1995
Recent research has queried the capability of hotel consortia organizations to compete in the hot... more Recent research has queried the capability of hotel consortia organizations to compete in the hotel sector. Discusses the results of this investigation. A working definition was developed and employed to classify a fieldwork sample of 29 organizations. The concepts of generic strategy and organization structure and process were then used as a framework for identifying and isolating distinctive organizational characteristics relating to each consortium in order to construct strategic groups. The subsequent classification of multiple strategic groups indicated the forces of competitive rivalry in the hotel sector and the pertinent linkages between strategy and structure were identifiable in these groupings. An extended analysis of three consortia used a qualitative case approach to address in more detail the characteristics of a smaller set of organizations. Shows that consortia by nature can only partially, if at all, optimize the structure and process characteristics necessary for sustaining effective collective strategies. Therefore questions the long-term survival of these “transorganizational” forms.
European Journal of Marketing, 2005
Purpose -This paper aims to evaluate the marketing decisions made by European tour operators. It ... more Purpose -This paper aims to evaluate the marketing decisions made by European tour operators. It seeks to assess the extent of marketing standardisation/adaptation across and within the Nordic region and to identify the centric profiles of the sample firms in terms of marketing decision-making. Design/methodology/approach -A multiple case study approach was employed and the research design combined a range of empirical data gathered from regional headquarters and one subsidiary.
European Journal of Marketing, 2011
Purpose -This paper examines the inter-organisational processes used to control international mas... more Purpose -This paper examines the inter-organisational processes used to control international master franchise agreements from operational, relational and evolutionary perspectives.
International Journal of Service Industry Management, 2007
Ann Tourism Res, 2007
This paper reflects on the experiences of facilitating and maintaining qualitative research acces... more This paper reflects on the experiences of facilitating and maintaining qualitative research access into a sample of international hotel groups. The existing methodology literature tends to simplify the access process by explaining it through a number of stages. Fieldwork experience suggests that the propositions stated in literature are partly relevant; however, there are further critical issues that need to be considered by investigators and their academic institutions. Particularly, researchers should be better trained not only in developing relevant skills to carry out qualitative case studies but also in dealing with the complexities of facilitating and maintaining access into large organizations.Possibilités d’accès pour la recherche: réflexions tirées de l’expérience. Cet article reflète les expériences de faciliter et de maintenir l’accès à la recherche qualitative dans un échantillon d’entreprises hôtelières internationales. La littérature méthodologique a tendance à simplifier le processus d’avoir accès en l’expliquant par un certain nombre d’étapes. L’expérience des recherches sur le terrain suggère que les propositions énoncées dans la littérature sont pertinentes en partie; il y a pourtant d’autres questions critiques qui doivent être prises en considération par les chercheurs et leurs établissements d’enseignement supérieur. En particulier, les chercheurs doivent être mieux formés non seulement pour développer les compétences pertinentes à la réalisation des études de cas qualitatives mais aussi pour adresser les complexités de faciliter et maintenir l’accès aux organisations de grande envergure.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 15022250510014381, Feb 18, 2007
ABSTRACT
Revenue Management, the practice of controlling customer demand through the use of dynamic pricin... more Revenue Management, the practice of controlling customer demand through the use of dynamic pricing and capacity management to enhance profitability, has been examined extensively in previous research. This article presents findings on the development and implementation of a centralised revenue management system in a case study firm and the executives' perceptions of how they viewed the likely impact of the implementation of the system on customers' attitudes and behaviours. The research findings reveal that the implementation of a centralised revenue management system is a challenging task. However, the participant hotel chain's organizational structure and culture and the extensive training sessions and workshops deployed helped overcome many problems and difficulties as identified in the literature. Moreover, the findings suggest the need for a stronger focus on customer attitudes and behaviours to revenue management practices.
Tourism Management, 2015
ABSTRACT Strategy tools are a common element of tourism and hotel management courses, journal art... more ABSTRACT Strategy tools are a common element of tourism and hotel management courses, journal articles and textbooks. In this paper we explore why practitioners do not find tools useful and hence reject their use as a strategy practice. Drawing on a cross-case analysis of qualitative data from three hotel companies, key findings suggest that strategy tools may restrict the deployment of experience-based knowledge, strategy practices are legitimised by top managers' perceptions and the lack of strategizing activities inhibits the potential for tool use. The industry context, including the unique ownership-management structure and institutionalised practices, also significantly influences the use and perceived value of tools. Practitioners are recommended to reconsider the ability of strategy tools to facilitate debate and act as boundary spanning objects and tourism researchers are encouraged to further study how practitioners use and value tools in order to create new ones based on practice rather than only on theory.
International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2015
ABSTRACT
Handbook of Hospitality Strategic Management, 2014
At the end of 2006, the 52 countries of Europe had around 5 million hotel rooms of which 1.5 mill... more At the end of 2006, the 52 countries of Europe had around 5 million hotel rooms of which 1.5 million were affiliated to hotel chains. In total there were more than 400 companies that operated portfolios of hotels within which there were more than 500 hotel brands. Of these ...
Tourism Management, 2012
Abstract There have been a number of synergistic benefits identified in domestic plural chains; t... more Abstract There have been a number of synergistic benefits identified in domestic plural chains; those that comprise a mixture of company-owned and franchised units. This qualitative research investigates whether, and how, these synergistic benefits are realised ...
The Service Industries Journal, 1985
Consortia have grown to be a force within the hotel industry, and it is timely for features of th... more Consortia have grown to be a force within the hotel industry, and it is timely for features of their operation to be analysed. This article focuses on the range of consortia activities, on the rationales for company and independent hotels to become members of consortia as well ...
The Service Industries Journal, 2010
This paper reports on a study of organisation design within international hotel chains that simul... more This paper reports on a study of organisation design within international hotel chains that simultaneously employ multiple market entry modes. A multiple case study reveals the use of different divisional designs for different types of entry mode within individual chains. These are driven by the desire to maintain strong control over hotel brands. The study concludes that current designs may inhibit international hotel chains from achieving their organisational potential and recommends that managers' look to breakdown these 'communities of design' barriers.
Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 2005
ABSTRACT
Journal of Strategic Marketing, 2013
This paper contributes to a long-lasting debate between practitioners who argue that academia is ... more This paper contributes to a long-lasting debate between practitioners who argue that academia is unable to understand what pricing is all about and academics who criticize practitioner pricing approaches for lacking rigor or rationality. The paper conceptualizes a resource-advantage (R-A) perspective on pricing by drawing on the R-A theory of competition. After a review of R-A theory, the paper integrates the price discretion concept and pricing as a spanning competence by introducing a separation between resources that create and resources that extract value, thereby expanding R-A theory to pricing. The perspective aims to shed light on how the process of competition helps organizations to learn/benefit from pricing capabilities. The research shifts the focus of pricing research from an equilibrium-based static view to a dynamic, disequilibrium-provoking pricing competence. In this way, it draws attention to what is perhaps most relevant to pricing in practice: the actual means necessary to determine price.
International Journal of Service Industry Management, 2007
Whilst theories of business internationalization assert that foreignness poses challenges to mult... more Whilst theories of business internationalization assert that foreignness poses challenges to multinational companies’ subsidiaries operating abroad, historical study of Hilton International’s expansion in the 1960s suggests otherwise. In its early internationalization Hilton International transferred abroad its institutional ownership advantages including corporate philosophy and culture, its practices, policies, processes and work systems and product design. Despite claims of social embeddedness, the London Hilton was perceived to be a typically American hotel. Analysis of Hilton’s expansion strategy suggests that the company used its foreignness as a differentiating factor. This article contributes towards the limited business history research in the area of internationalization and knowledge transference. Historical analysis of Hilton’s internationalization contradicts the institutionalism’s assumption that multinationals must adapt to local institutional settings. This article enhances the notion that playing the ‘foreignness’ game can lead to a comparative global advantage.
Current Issues in Tourism, 2015
Overtime, and with the advent of moving to asset-light, the companies in the corporate hotel indu... more Overtime, and with the advent of moving to asset-light, the companies in the corporate hotel industry have given up parts of the value chain. This has enabled new intermediate markets to emerge which have divided a previously integrated production/service process and enabled sets of specialized firms to enter and for the industry to become vertically disintegrated. This paper examines the drivers, as well as the necessary conditions and enabling processes, which have facilitated this industrial change. For the major hotel companies, competing in a disintegrated industry has far-reaching consequences which have a spill-over effect on tourism education and research.
... 273 131 lloyd strategie back 855 irrational employment acknowledgement span overtime sphere o... more ... 273 131 lloyd strategie back 855 irrational employment acknowledgement span overtime sphere operative' sure grown comfort strongly 198W ... lettable strength brian concentration 199 resistance rofit practice parent fed opposed accor tran inclusive theorist BAAH' growing 334 ...
International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 1995
Recent research has queried the capability of hotel consortia organizations to compete in the hot... more Recent research has queried the capability of hotel consortia organizations to compete in the hotel sector. Discusses the results of this investigation. A working definition was developed and employed to classify a fieldwork sample of 29 organizations. The concepts of generic strategy and organization structure and process were then used as a framework for identifying and isolating distinctive organizational characteristics relating to each consortium in order to construct strategic groups. The subsequent classification of multiple strategic groups indicated the forces of competitive rivalry in the hotel sector and the pertinent linkages between strategy and structure were identifiable in these groupings. An extended analysis of three consortia used a qualitative case approach to address in more detail the characteristics of a smaller set of organizations. Shows that consortia by nature can only partially, if at all, optimize the structure and process characteristics necessary for sustaining effective collective strategies. Therefore questions the long-term survival of these “transorganizational” forms.
European Journal of Marketing, 2005
Purpose -This paper aims to evaluate the marketing decisions made by European tour operators. It ... more Purpose -This paper aims to evaluate the marketing decisions made by European tour operators. It seeks to assess the extent of marketing standardisation/adaptation across and within the Nordic region and to identify the centric profiles of the sample firms in terms of marketing decision-making. Design/methodology/approach -A multiple case study approach was employed and the research design combined a range of empirical data gathered from regional headquarters and one subsidiary.
European Journal of Marketing, 2011
Purpose -This paper examines the inter-organisational processes used to control international mas... more Purpose -This paper examines the inter-organisational processes used to control international master franchise agreements from operational, relational and evolutionary perspectives.
International Journal of Service Industry Management, 2007
Ann Tourism Res, 2007
This paper reflects on the experiences of facilitating and maintaining qualitative research acces... more This paper reflects on the experiences of facilitating and maintaining qualitative research access into a sample of international hotel groups. The existing methodology literature tends to simplify the access process by explaining it through a number of stages. Fieldwork experience suggests that the propositions stated in literature are partly relevant; however, there are further critical issues that need to be considered by investigators and their academic institutions. Particularly, researchers should be better trained not only in developing relevant skills to carry out qualitative case studies but also in dealing with the complexities of facilitating and maintaining access into large organizations.Possibilités d’accès pour la recherche: réflexions tirées de l’expérience. Cet article reflète les expériences de faciliter et de maintenir l’accès à la recherche qualitative dans un échantillon d’entreprises hôtelières internationales. La littérature méthodologique a tendance à simplifier le processus d’avoir accès en l’expliquant par un certain nombre d’étapes. L’expérience des recherches sur le terrain suggère que les propositions énoncées dans la littérature sont pertinentes en partie; il y a pourtant d’autres questions critiques qui doivent être prises en considération par les chercheurs et leurs établissements d’enseignement supérieur. En particulier, les chercheurs doivent être mieux formés non seulement pour développer les compétences pertinentes à la réalisation des études de cas qualitatives mais aussi pour adresser les complexités de faciliter et maintenir l’accès aux organisations de grande envergure.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 15022250510014381, Feb 18, 2007
ABSTRACT
Revenue Management, the practice of controlling customer demand through the use of dynamic pricin... more Revenue Management, the practice of controlling customer demand through the use of dynamic pricing and capacity management to enhance profitability, has been examined extensively in previous research. This article presents findings on the development and implementation of a centralised revenue management system in a case study firm and the executives' perceptions of how they viewed the likely impact of the implementation of the system on customers' attitudes and behaviours. The research findings reveal that the implementation of a centralised revenue management system is a challenging task. However, the participant hotel chain's organizational structure and culture and the extensive training sessions and workshops deployed helped overcome many problems and difficulties as identified in the literature. Moreover, the findings suggest the need for a stronger focus on customer attitudes and behaviours to revenue management practices.
Tourism Management, 2015
ABSTRACT Strategy tools are a common element of tourism and hotel management courses, journal art... more ABSTRACT Strategy tools are a common element of tourism and hotel management courses, journal articles and textbooks. In this paper we explore why practitioners do not find tools useful and hence reject their use as a strategy practice. Drawing on a cross-case analysis of qualitative data from three hotel companies, key findings suggest that strategy tools may restrict the deployment of experience-based knowledge, strategy practices are legitimised by top managers' perceptions and the lack of strategizing activities inhibits the potential for tool use. The industry context, including the unique ownership-management structure and institutionalised practices, also significantly influences the use and perceived value of tools. Practitioners are recommended to reconsider the ability of strategy tools to facilitate debate and act as boundary spanning objects and tourism researchers are encouraged to further study how practitioners use and value tools in order to create new ones based on practice rather than only on theory.
International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2015
ABSTRACT
Handbook of Hospitality Strategic Management, 2014
At the end of 2006, the 52 countries of Europe had around 5 million hotel rooms of which 1.5 mill... more At the end of 2006, the 52 countries of Europe had around 5 million hotel rooms of which 1.5 million were affiliated to hotel chains. In total there were more than 400 companies that operated portfolios of hotels within which there were more than 500 hotel brands. Of these ...
Tourism Management, 2012
Abstract There have been a number of synergistic benefits identified in domestic plural chains; t... more Abstract There have been a number of synergistic benefits identified in domestic plural chains; those that comprise a mixture of company-owned and franchised units. This qualitative research investigates whether, and how, these synergistic benefits are realised ...
The Service Industries Journal, 1985
Consortia have grown to be a force within the hotel industry, and it is timely for features of th... more Consortia have grown to be a force within the hotel industry, and it is timely for features of their operation to be analysed. This article focuses on the range of consortia activities, on the rationales for company and independent hotels to become members of consortia as well ...
The Service Industries Journal, 2010
This paper reports on a study of organisation design within international hotel chains that simul... more This paper reports on a study of organisation design within international hotel chains that simultaneously employ multiple market entry modes. A multiple case study reveals the use of different divisional designs for different types of entry mode within individual chains. These are driven by the desire to maintain strong control over hotel brands. The study concludes that current designs may inhibit international hotel chains from achieving their organisational potential and recommends that managers' look to breakdown these 'communities of design' barriers.
Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 2005
ABSTRACT
Journal of Strategic Marketing, 2013
This paper contributes to a long-lasting debate between practitioners who argue that academia is ... more This paper contributes to a long-lasting debate between practitioners who argue that academia is unable to understand what pricing is all about and academics who criticize practitioner pricing approaches for lacking rigor or rationality. The paper conceptualizes a resource-advantage (R-A) perspective on pricing by drawing on the R-A theory of competition. After a review of R-A theory, the paper integrates the price discretion concept and pricing as a spanning competence by introducing a separation between resources that create and resources that extract value, thereby expanding R-A theory to pricing. The perspective aims to shed light on how the process of competition helps organizations to learn/benefit from pricing capabilities. The research shifts the focus of pricing research from an equilibrium-based static view to a dynamic, disequilibrium-provoking pricing competence. In this way, it draws attention to what is perhaps most relevant to pricing in practice: the actual means necessary to determine price.
International Journal of Service Industry Management, 2007