Rosanna Mancinelli - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Rosanna Mancinelli
Istituto Superiore di Sanit, 2008
Aims. The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) encodes a transmembrane protein that plays an import... more Aims. The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) encodes a transmembrane protein that plays an important role in regulating serotonergic neurotransmission. Dysfunction in the serotonergic system is significantly involved in both the aetiology and maintenance of alcohol misuse. The regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene contains a series of repeated sequences; two common alleles in this region differ in length by 44 bp. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the 5-HTT gene has been identified and is known to be associated with altered serotonin activity, with the short (S) form of this polymorphism being associated with reduced transcriptional efficiency, compared to the long (L) form, thereby decreasing serotonin transporter expression and serotonin uptake. We genotyped the 5-HTT gene polymorphism in a set of alcohol-dependent Italian subjects and controls by PCR. Methods. Genomic DNA was extracted from 3 ml of peripheral blood by the salting out technique and amplified with the following oligonucleotide primers flanking the 5-HTT polymorphic region: 5-HTT F 5-GGCGTTGCCGCTCTGAATTGC- 3 and 5-HTT R 5-GAGGGACTGAGCTGGACAACCCAC- 3. PCR amplification was carried out in a final volume of 50 μl containing 100 ng DNA and 2.5 mM deoxyribonucleotides, 0.1 μg of sense and antisense primers, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3), 50 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 5% DMSO, and 1 U of Promega Taq DNA polymerase. Annealing was carried out at 62◦C for 30 s, extension at 72◦C for 1 min for 35 cycles. Results. The frequency of the short allele of the 5-HTT gene is significantly higher among patients compared to control subjects (84% vs 43%). Conclusions. These results provide evidence that alcohol abuse disorders are associated with a genetic variant for 5-HT transmission
— In Western countries alcohol misuse is the most frequent cause of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficie... more — In Western countries alcohol misuse is the most frequent cause of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency (TD) and consequent neuro-impairment. Studies have demonstrated that between 30 and 80 % of alcoholics are thiamine deficient, and this puts them at risk of developing theWernicke–Korsakoff (WK) syndrome. The relative roles of alcohol and TD in causing brain damage remain controversial and it is important to try to determine the role played by each factor. Animal studies support an additive effect of alcohol exposure and TD, and indicate the potential for interaction between alcohol and TD in human alcohol-related brain damage. Early diagnosis of alcohol-related TD is therefore an important aspect of effective intervention and treatment. Alcohol biomarkers provide a direct and indirect way of estimating the amount of alcohol being consumed, the duration of ingestion and the harmful effects that long-term alcohol use has on body functions. Appropriate use of these markers is very help...
Vengono descritti i isultati ottenuti in una casistica di alcolisti relativamente ai vari fattori... more Vengono descritti i isultati ottenuti in una casistica di alcolisti relativamente ai vari fattori che intervengono nella sintesi dell'omocisteina e nella regolazione dei livelli di metionin
Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 2011
Oxidative stress is the imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ability... more Oxidative stress is the imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ability of the biological systems to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Disturbances in the normal redox state of tissues can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all components of the cell including proteins, lipids and DNA. Furthermore, some ROS can even act as messengers through a phenomenon called redox signaling. In humans, oxidative stress is involved in many pathogenic mechanisms triggering aging processes and affecting organs as liver and brain. In the present paper, the role of oxidative stress is considered in relation to three neurodegenerative pathologies those are the most common in western countries and have analogies in brain damages notwithstanding different etiologies: i) Alcohol abuse by environmental etiology, ii) Down Syndrome by genetic etiology, and iii) Alzheimer’s disease by age-...
Nutrition, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Neuroscience, 2019
Few animal studies focus on consequences of nicotine postnatal exposure, particularly through lac... more Few animal studies focus on consequences of nicotine postnatal exposure, particularly through lactation. We have recently shown that forced nicotine drinking elevates maternal care, paradoxically provoking arousal and stress in pups. Present work aimed to evaluate the specific contribution of altered maternal cares, compared to the sequelae merely due to nicotine effects. Two groups were compared to water-drinking control dams: (i) free-choice dams (H2O + NIC group) drinking from two bottles, containing either nicotine or water; (ii) forced dams (NIC + NIC group) drinking from two bottles, both containing nicotine. We previously demonstrated that nicotine was indeed transferred to the lactating offspring. Regarding behavioural consequences at adolescence, both H2O + NIC and NIC + NIC rats were slower than controls in discovering a novel over a familiar compartment, whilst only NIC + NIC rats exhibited reduced risk-related avoidance and assessment behaviour. Brain analyses at adulthood suggest that, in prefrontal cortex, nicotine per se reduced serotonin, while the maternal overcare reduced CHRN-B2 geneexpression. As a whole, unescapable nicotine-enhanced maternal care could have an impact on the offspring arousal by acting on prefrontal CHRN-B2 gene-expression. When present results are translated to consequences of nonvoluntary exposure in humans, we propose that children receiving altered attentions by a smoking caregiver might undergo a neuro-behavioural development biased towards emotional shyness.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita
This study investigates the transfer of nicotine from lactating dams to their offspring through b... more This study investigates the transfer of nicotine from lactating dams to their offspring through breast milk, in the frame of a research focused to ascertain toxicological and neuro-behavioural effects on pups as consequence of either unavoidable ("yoked & forced") or voluntary ("freely-chosen") maternal nicotine exposure. To this aim, plasmatic concentrations of nicotine and cotinine were determined by LC-MS/MS in Wistar rat pups whose mothers were orally administered with nicotine during lactation. Mothers were divided into a voluntary drinking group, an unavoidable consumption group, and controls. The limits of detection and quantification of the LC-MS/MS method were 0.20 and 0.65 ng/mL, respectively. Within-laboratory reproducibility (CV%) was <12%, with recovery of 86.2-118.8%. Results showed the presence of nicotine in 67% of samples from freely-chosen consumption group (1.30 ± 0.31 ng/mL) and in 60% of samples from yoked-consumption group (1.19 ± 0.62 ng...
Neuroscience, Jan 9, 2017
Adverse effects of nicotine during pregnancy have been greatly studied, while nowadays few works ... more Adverse effects of nicotine during pregnancy have been greatly studied, while nowadays few works are focused on consequences of maternal tobacco smoking after birth. The present study investigated the behavioural and early neurochemical effects of nicotine treatment during first weeks of post-natal life in rats. We used "free choice" treatment (H2O+NIC dams could drink from two bottles, containing 10mg/L nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt, or water) versus "forced choice" (NIC+NIC mothers could drink from two bottles both containing nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt, range from 0.75 mg/L to 4.09 mg/L). We found that only "forced nicotine" had impact on maternal behaviour, causing increased high-quality maternal care. This immediately impacted on neuro-chemical development, affecting NE levels (only males) in pup's striatum and prefrontal cortex (pFC) at PND 12. After weaning, animals were reared in normal conditions (two brother rats) or in Social Isolat...
General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovations, 2016
Clinical and preclinical studies suggest a close and mutual relationship between sex hormones and... more Clinical and preclinical studies suggest a close and mutual relationship between sex hormones and the development of alcohol use disorders. Even drinking behavior may be affected by certain hormones as testosterone and allopregnanolone that reinforce alcohol desire and reward. Sex hormones mostly affect women where it was seen, by the way, a causal link between alcohol and severe illness such as estrogen-mediated breast cancer even when alcohol intake is so low that it does not affect other tissues. Gender studies about the role of hormones in the development of alcohol related disease are yet poor and the determination of hormones as possible biomarkers of alcohol use disorders is still to be explored. Furthermore, more reliable analytical tools and better standardized experimental condition are required to obtain comparable results and to improve efficacy of the clinical treatment and the preventive actions. In the light of current knowledge all women are recommended to limit alcohol use and, in the case of women at risk of breast cancer, to consume even less or to completely abstain from drinking. Rosanna M (2016) Sex differences in alcohol use disorders: the role of steroid hormones
Nutrition, 2017
Objectives: Alcohol addiction elicits oxidative imbalance and it is well known that polyphenols p... more Objectives: Alcohol addiction elicits oxidative imbalance and it is well known that polyphenols possess antioxidant properties. We investigated whether or not polyphenols could confer a protective potential against alcohol-induced oxidative stress. Methods: We administered (per os) for two months 20 mg/kg of olive polyphenols containing mostly hydroxytyrosol in alcoholic adult male mice. Hydroxytyrosol metabolites as hydroxytyrosol sulfate 1 and hydroxytyrosol sulfate 2 were found in the serum of mice administered with polyphenols with the highest amount in animals treated with both polyphenols and alcohol. Oxidative stress was evaluated by FORT (free oxygen radical test) and FORD (free oxygen radical defense) tests. Results: Alcoholic mice showed a worse oxidative status than nonalcoholic mice (higher FORT and lower FORD) but polyphenol supplementation partially counteracted the alcohol pro-oxidant effects, as evidenced by FORT. Conclusions: A better understanding of the antioxidant protection provided by polyphenols might be of primary interest for drug discovery and dietary-based prevention of the damage associated with chronic alcohol abuse.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2013
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) due to prenatal ethanol consumption may induce long-lasti... more Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) due to prenatal ethanol consumption may induce long-lasting changes to the newborns affecting also the endocrine system and the nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate in the thyroid, testis and adrenal glands of a FASD mouse model the long-lasting effects of ethanol exposure during pregnancy and lactation on NGF and BDNF and their main receptors, TrkA and TrkB, including their phosphorylated patterns. We used aged male CD-1 mice early exposed to ethanol solution or red wine at same ethanol concentration (11% vol). We found elevations in NGF and BDNF in the thyroid of aged mice exposed to ethanol solution only but not in the red wine group. In the testis NGF resulted to be increased only in the ethanol solution group. In the adrenal glands data showed an elevation in NGF in both the ethanol solution group and red wine. No changes in TrkA, TrkB, phospho-TrkA...
Rapporti ISTISAN, 2008
Citation: Ceccanti M, Spagnolo PA, Mancinelli R, Chessa L, Stegagno M, Attilia ML, Romeo M, Kenne... more Citation: Ceccanti M, Spagnolo PA, Mancinelli R, Chessa L, Stegagno M, Attilia ML, Romeo M, Kenneth LJ, Robinson LK, del Campo M, Gossage JP, May PA, Hoyme HE. Studio sistematico dei disturbi da esposizione ad alcol in gravidanza in un'ampia coorte di ...
La presente guida intende offrire al personale sanitario che si occupa di neonati e bambini, la p... more La presente guida intende offrire al personale sanitario che si occupa di neonati e bambini, la possibilita di acquisire nuove conoscenze per il riconoscimento e per la diagnosi delle anomalie fetali alcol-correlate. Puo essere anche un prezioso e valido aiuto per tutte le persone interessate all'argomento e che ne vogliono sapere di piu.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2007
In Italy, little is known about the spectrum of adverse fetal effects related to maternal alcohol... more In Italy, little is known about the spectrum of adverse fetal effects related to maternal alcohol use during pregnancy. In this paper, we report on the phenotype of Italian children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). These data were gathered as part of a field study assessing the prevalence of FASD in children in an in-school study in a rural area near Rome. The purposes of this paper are: (1) to completely characterize the clinical phenotype of a large cohort of Italian children with FASD; (2) to correlate and contrast the phenotype of this population with that observed in other populations and reported in the medical literature; (3) to discuss the drinking habits of Italian women, before, during and after pregnancy; and (4) to suggest mechanisms for intervention and prevention of FASD based on data gathered from this study.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2006
In Italy, little is known about the problems related to alcohol drinking during pregnancy. In thi... more In Italy, little is known about the problems related to alcohol drinking during pregnancy. In this paper, the Italian literature about this subject is briefly reviewed. This first Italian experience of a field study, aimed to the assessment of the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in an area in the Rome province (Lazio region) is reported. This in-field study was performed in the school years 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 in cooperation with American researchers, most from University of New Mexico (Albuquerque), and Italian researchers from University "la Sapienza" of Rome. First grade children (n(o) = 1,086) of primary school were contacted to enter in the in-school study for the detection of FAS and FASD and were examined by the experts team of clinicians, pediatrics, psychologists. Preliminary consideration and the implications of this study for FASD prevention are discussed.
Toxicology letters, Jan 25, 2017
Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is an ethanol metabolite and EtG is used as a biomarker of alcohol drinki... more Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is an ethanol metabolite and EtG is used as a biomarker of alcohol drinking. EtG can be detected in the blood and in several biological matrices including urine, hair and nails. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for fetus health so in the recent years different strategies to reveal alcohol use have been planning including the use of screening questionnaires as the AUDIT-C, T-ACE and TWEAK. The present study aims to investigate in pregnant women the specificity and predictive value of the AUDIT-C, T-ACE and TWEAK plus a food diary in use in Sapienza University Hospital compared with the results of urine EtG measurement. Seventy pregnant women were enrolled and examined. Urine samples were provided by pregnant women immediately after the interviews. EtG determinations were performed by Enzyme Immunoassay with a cut-off established at 100ng/mL. Data show that 34.28% of the enrolled pregnant women overcame the EtG cut off. No direct cor...
Istituto Superiore di Sanit, 2008
Aims. The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) encodes a transmembrane protein that plays an import... more Aims. The serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) encodes a transmembrane protein that plays an important role in regulating serotonergic neurotransmission. Dysfunction in the serotonergic system is significantly involved in both the aetiology and maintenance of alcohol misuse. The regulatory region of the 5-HTT gene contains a series of repeated sequences; two common alleles in this region differ in length by 44 bp. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the 5-HTT gene has been identified and is known to be associated with altered serotonin activity, with the short (S) form of this polymorphism being associated with reduced transcriptional efficiency, compared to the long (L) form, thereby decreasing serotonin transporter expression and serotonin uptake. We genotyped the 5-HTT gene polymorphism in a set of alcohol-dependent Italian subjects and controls by PCR. Methods. Genomic DNA was extracted from 3 ml of peripheral blood by the salting out technique and amplified with the following oligonucleotide primers flanking the 5-HTT polymorphic region: 5-HTT F 5-GGCGTTGCCGCTCTGAATTGC- 3 and 5-HTT R 5-GAGGGACTGAGCTGGACAACCCAC- 3. PCR amplification was carried out in a final volume of 50 μl containing 100 ng DNA and 2.5 mM deoxyribonucleotides, 0.1 μg of sense and antisense primers, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3), 50 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 5% DMSO, and 1 U of Promega Taq DNA polymerase. Annealing was carried out at 62◦C for 30 s, extension at 72◦C for 1 min for 35 cycles. Results. The frequency of the short allele of the 5-HTT gene is significantly higher among patients compared to control subjects (84% vs 43%). Conclusions. These results provide evidence that alcohol abuse disorders are associated with a genetic variant for 5-HT transmission
— In Western countries alcohol misuse is the most frequent cause of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficie... more — In Western countries alcohol misuse is the most frequent cause of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency (TD) and consequent neuro-impairment. Studies have demonstrated that between 30 and 80 % of alcoholics are thiamine deficient, and this puts them at risk of developing theWernicke–Korsakoff (WK) syndrome. The relative roles of alcohol and TD in causing brain damage remain controversial and it is important to try to determine the role played by each factor. Animal studies support an additive effect of alcohol exposure and TD, and indicate the potential for interaction between alcohol and TD in human alcohol-related brain damage. Early diagnosis of alcohol-related TD is therefore an important aspect of effective intervention and treatment. Alcohol biomarkers provide a direct and indirect way of estimating the amount of alcohol being consumed, the duration of ingestion and the harmful effects that long-term alcohol use has on body functions. Appropriate use of these markers is very help...
Vengono descritti i isultati ottenuti in una casistica di alcolisti relativamente ai vari fattori... more Vengono descritti i isultati ottenuti in una casistica di alcolisti relativamente ai vari fattori che intervengono nella sintesi dell'omocisteina e nella regolazione dei livelli di metionin
Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 2011
Oxidative stress is the imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ability... more Oxidative stress is the imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ability of the biological systems to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Disturbances in the normal redox state of tissues can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all components of the cell including proteins, lipids and DNA. Furthermore, some ROS can even act as messengers through a phenomenon called redox signaling. In humans, oxidative stress is involved in many pathogenic mechanisms triggering aging processes and affecting organs as liver and brain. In the present paper, the role of oxidative stress is considered in relation to three neurodegenerative pathologies those are the most common in western countries and have analogies in brain damages notwithstanding different etiologies: i) Alcohol abuse by environmental etiology, ii) Down Syndrome by genetic etiology, and iii) Alzheimer’s disease by age-...
Nutrition, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Neuroscience, 2019
Few animal studies focus on consequences of nicotine postnatal exposure, particularly through lac... more Few animal studies focus on consequences of nicotine postnatal exposure, particularly through lactation. We have recently shown that forced nicotine drinking elevates maternal care, paradoxically provoking arousal and stress in pups. Present work aimed to evaluate the specific contribution of altered maternal cares, compared to the sequelae merely due to nicotine effects. Two groups were compared to water-drinking control dams: (i) free-choice dams (H2O + NIC group) drinking from two bottles, containing either nicotine or water; (ii) forced dams (NIC + NIC group) drinking from two bottles, both containing nicotine. We previously demonstrated that nicotine was indeed transferred to the lactating offspring. Regarding behavioural consequences at adolescence, both H2O + NIC and NIC + NIC rats were slower than controls in discovering a novel over a familiar compartment, whilst only NIC + NIC rats exhibited reduced risk-related avoidance and assessment behaviour. Brain analyses at adulthood suggest that, in prefrontal cortex, nicotine per se reduced serotonin, while the maternal overcare reduced CHRN-B2 geneexpression. As a whole, unescapable nicotine-enhanced maternal care could have an impact on the offspring arousal by acting on prefrontal CHRN-B2 gene-expression. When present results are translated to consequences of nonvoluntary exposure in humans, we propose that children receiving altered attentions by a smoking caregiver might undergo a neuro-behavioural development biased towards emotional shyness.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita
This study investigates the transfer of nicotine from lactating dams to their offspring through b... more This study investigates the transfer of nicotine from lactating dams to their offspring through breast milk, in the frame of a research focused to ascertain toxicological and neuro-behavioural effects on pups as consequence of either unavoidable ("yoked & forced") or voluntary ("freely-chosen") maternal nicotine exposure. To this aim, plasmatic concentrations of nicotine and cotinine were determined by LC-MS/MS in Wistar rat pups whose mothers were orally administered with nicotine during lactation. Mothers were divided into a voluntary drinking group, an unavoidable consumption group, and controls. The limits of detection and quantification of the LC-MS/MS method were 0.20 and 0.65 ng/mL, respectively. Within-laboratory reproducibility (CV%) was <12%, with recovery of 86.2-118.8%. Results showed the presence of nicotine in 67% of samples from freely-chosen consumption group (1.30 ± 0.31 ng/mL) and in 60% of samples from yoked-consumption group (1.19 ± 0.62 ng...
Neuroscience, Jan 9, 2017
Adverse effects of nicotine during pregnancy have been greatly studied, while nowadays few works ... more Adverse effects of nicotine during pregnancy have been greatly studied, while nowadays few works are focused on consequences of maternal tobacco smoking after birth. The present study investigated the behavioural and early neurochemical effects of nicotine treatment during first weeks of post-natal life in rats. We used "free choice" treatment (H2O+NIC dams could drink from two bottles, containing 10mg/L nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt, or water) versus "forced choice" (NIC+NIC mothers could drink from two bottles both containing nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt, range from 0.75 mg/L to 4.09 mg/L). We found that only "forced nicotine" had impact on maternal behaviour, causing increased high-quality maternal care. This immediately impacted on neuro-chemical development, affecting NE levels (only males) in pup's striatum and prefrontal cortex (pFC) at PND 12. After weaning, animals were reared in normal conditions (two brother rats) or in Social Isolat...
General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovations, 2016
Clinical and preclinical studies suggest a close and mutual relationship between sex hormones and... more Clinical and preclinical studies suggest a close and mutual relationship between sex hormones and the development of alcohol use disorders. Even drinking behavior may be affected by certain hormones as testosterone and allopregnanolone that reinforce alcohol desire and reward. Sex hormones mostly affect women where it was seen, by the way, a causal link between alcohol and severe illness such as estrogen-mediated breast cancer even when alcohol intake is so low that it does not affect other tissues. Gender studies about the role of hormones in the development of alcohol related disease are yet poor and the determination of hormones as possible biomarkers of alcohol use disorders is still to be explored. Furthermore, more reliable analytical tools and better standardized experimental condition are required to obtain comparable results and to improve efficacy of the clinical treatment and the preventive actions. In the light of current knowledge all women are recommended to limit alcohol use and, in the case of women at risk of breast cancer, to consume even less or to completely abstain from drinking. Rosanna M (2016) Sex differences in alcohol use disorders: the role of steroid hormones
Nutrition, 2017
Objectives: Alcohol addiction elicits oxidative imbalance and it is well known that polyphenols p... more Objectives: Alcohol addiction elicits oxidative imbalance and it is well known that polyphenols possess antioxidant properties. We investigated whether or not polyphenols could confer a protective potential against alcohol-induced oxidative stress. Methods: We administered (per os) for two months 20 mg/kg of olive polyphenols containing mostly hydroxytyrosol in alcoholic adult male mice. Hydroxytyrosol metabolites as hydroxytyrosol sulfate 1 and hydroxytyrosol sulfate 2 were found in the serum of mice administered with polyphenols with the highest amount in animals treated with both polyphenols and alcohol. Oxidative stress was evaluated by FORT (free oxygen radical test) and FORD (free oxygen radical defense) tests. Results: Alcoholic mice showed a worse oxidative status than nonalcoholic mice (higher FORT and lower FORD) but polyphenol supplementation partially counteracted the alcohol pro-oxidant effects, as evidenced by FORT. Conclusions: A better understanding of the antioxidant protection provided by polyphenols might be of primary interest for drug discovery and dietary-based prevention of the damage associated with chronic alcohol abuse.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2013
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) due to prenatal ethanol consumption may induce long-lasti... more Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) due to prenatal ethanol consumption may induce long-lasting changes to the newborns affecting also the endocrine system and the nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate in the thyroid, testis and adrenal glands of a FASD mouse model the long-lasting effects of ethanol exposure during pregnancy and lactation on NGF and BDNF and their main receptors, TrkA and TrkB, including their phosphorylated patterns. We used aged male CD-1 mice early exposed to ethanol solution or red wine at same ethanol concentration (11% vol). We found elevations in NGF and BDNF in the thyroid of aged mice exposed to ethanol solution only but not in the red wine group. In the testis NGF resulted to be increased only in the ethanol solution group. In the adrenal glands data showed an elevation in NGF in both the ethanol solution group and red wine. No changes in TrkA, TrkB, phospho-TrkA...
Rapporti ISTISAN, 2008
Citation: Ceccanti M, Spagnolo PA, Mancinelli R, Chessa L, Stegagno M, Attilia ML, Romeo M, Kenne... more Citation: Ceccanti M, Spagnolo PA, Mancinelli R, Chessa L, Stegagno M, Attilia ML, Romeo M, Kenneth LJ, Robinson LK, del Campo M, Gossage JP, May PA, Hoyme HE. Studio sistematico dei disturbi da esposizione ad alcol in gravidanza in un'ampia coorte di ...
La presente guida intende offrire al personale sanitario che si occupa di neonati e bambini, la p... more La presente guida intende offrire al personale sanitario che si occupa di neonati e bambini, la possibilita di acquisire nuove conoscenze per il riconoscimento e per la diagnosi delle anomalie fetali alcol-correlate. Puo essere anche un prezioso e valido aiuto per tutte le persone interessate all'argomento e che ne vogliono sapere di piu.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2007
In Italy, little is known about the spectrum of adverse fetal effects related to maternal alcohol... more In Italy, little is known about the spectrum of adverse fetal effects related to maternal alcohol use during pregnancy. In this paper, we report on the phenotype of Italian children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). These data were gathered as part of a field study assessing the prevalence of FASD in children in an in-school study in a rural area near Rome. The purposes of this paper are: (1) to completely characterize the clinical phenotype of a large cohort of Italian children with FASD; (2) to correlate and contrast the phenotype of this population with that observed in other populations and reported in the medical literature; (3) to discuss the drinking habits of Italian women, before, during and after pregnancy; and (4) to suggest mechanisms for intervention and prevention of FASD based on data gathered from this study.
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2006
In Italy, little is known about the problems related to alcohol drinking during pregnancy. In thi... more In Italy, little is known about the problems related to alcohol drinking during pregnancy. In this paper, the Italian literature about this subject is briefly reviewed. This first Italian experience of a field study, aimed to the assessment of the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in an area in the Rome province (Lazio region) is reported. This in-field study was performed in the school years 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 in cooperation with American researchers, most from University of New Mexico (Albuquerque), and Italian researchers from University "la Sapienza" of Rome. First grade children (n(o) = 1,086) of primary school were contacted to enter in the in-school study for the detection of FAS and FASD and were examined by the experts team of clinicians, pediatrics, psychologists. Preliminary consideration and the implications of this study for FASD prevention are discussed.
Toxicology letters, Jan 25, 2017
Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is an ethanol metabolite and EtG is used as a biomarker of alcohol drinki... more Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is an ethanol metabolite and EtG is used as a biomarker of alcohol drinking. EtG can be detected in the blood and in several biological matrices including urine, hair and nails. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for fetus health so in the recent years different strategies to reveal alcohol use have been planning including the use of screening questionnaires as the AUDIT-C, T-ACE and TWEAK. The present study aims to investigate in pregnant women the specificity and predictive value of the AUDIT-C, T-ACE and TWEAK plus a food diary in use in Sapienza University Hospital compared with the results of urine EtG measurement. Seventy pregnant women were enrolled and examined. Urine samples were provided by pregnant women immediately after the interviews. EtG determinations were performed by Enzyme Immunoassay with a cut-off established at 100ng/mL. Data show that 34.28% of the enrolled pregnant women overcame the EtG cut off. No direct cor...