Roshan Singh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Roshan Singh

Journal of medical microbiology, Jan 23, 2017

We explored the efficiency of Rv1458c, a putative ABC drug transporter specific for the Mycobacte... more We explored the efficiency of Rv1458c, a putative ABC drug transporter specific for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) as a diagnostic marker. A 190 bp region of Rv1458c and a 300bp region of hsp65 were targeted in a novel duplex PCR assay and compared with PCR restriction analysis (PRA) using restriction enzymes NruI and BamHI. Speciation of a subset of the isolates (n=50) was confirmed by sequencing. Clinical isolates (n=426) obtained from clinically suspected patients of pulmonary tuberculosis; and mycobacterial (n=13) and non-mycobacterial (n=8) reference strains were included in the study. The duplex PCR correctly identified 320/426 isolates as MTBC and 106/426 isolates as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The test was 100% specific and sensitive when compared with NruI/BamHI PRA and highlighted the use of Rv1458c as a diagnostic marker for MTBC. The assay could be developed to be used as a screening test to identify MTBC in clinical specimens in peripheral laborato...

The 21st Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research

Reading news articles is essential and critical for understanding the local, nation-wide, and glo... more Reading news articles is essential and critical for understanding the local, nation-wide, and global emerging and developing events, as well as understanding the citizens’ demands and critics’ opinions. However, with the explosion of social media as news channels, citizens and groups of professionals share news and opinions, which has been the territory of trained journalists, adding more news to process. News often comes with multimedia objects, and suffers from integrity issues, especially with the unreliable or false claims, so-called fake news or altered or alternative facts. These quantity, diversity, and integrity pose significant challenges in the information age, not only for the decision-makers, including policymakers, business leaders but also for individual citizens. This study focuses on how the machine learning classification algorithms could help the news classifications in different categories to easily access the needed category of news and to filter out the noisy and harmful news.

The 21st Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, 2020

Migrations and refugees are a global phenomenon. People migrate from their country or region for ... more Migrations and refugees are a global phenomenon. People migrate from their country or region for many reasons, including to seek out economic opportunities, or to escape from atrocities or disasters. These migrants and refugees face various challenges at the destination countries due to language barriers, cultural differences, and social acceptance. The NGO Committee on Migration (CoM) has been established to form a coalition of organizations worldwide that advocate, educate, and collaborate to encourage the promotion and protection of migrants and their human rights, in accordance with the United Nations Charter. The NGOs operate in different parts of the world, and the information on their migrant trends and support activities are to be shared for better coordination and collaborative governance or for identifying high priority policy issues. This paper presents the visual analytics approach to support the NGOs around the globe to better understand and govern the NGO activities and migration trends, and to monitor international migration policy issues.

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2020

In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), vehicles communicate wirelessly with other vehicles, sensors, ... more In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), vehicles communicate wirelessly with other vehicles, sensors, pedestrians, and roadside units. IoV is aimed at improving road safety, driving comfort, and traffic efficiency. However, IoV is exposed to a range of threats to security and privacy. The presence of dishonest and misbehaving peers in the system is of a major concern, which may put lives in danger. Thus, establishing trust among these probable untrusted vehicles is one of the most significant challenges of such a network. The critical pitfalls of existing and traditional mechanisms are scalability, a single point of failure, maintaining the quality of service, verification, and revocation and dealing with sparsity, consistency, availability, efficiency, robustness, privacy concerns are some of the biggest challenges to be addressed. Blockchain technology, with its great success in applications like cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, is considered as one of the potential candidates to build trust in IoV. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based decentralized trust management scheme using smart contracts. Specifically, we introduce the concept of blockchain sharding for reducing the load on the main blockchain and increasing the transaction throughput. Our proposal has two key contributions: blockchain to maintain and update reliable and consistent trust values across the network and incentive scheme to encourage peers to perform well. We also conduct extensive experiments, which demonstrate the implementation feasibility of proposed mechanisms in the real world.

Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics, 2015

Cancer therapies based on single target molecules have proved to be ineffective both in terms of ... more Cancer therapies based on single target molecules have proved to be ineffective both in terms of their desired action and associated undesired side effects. Combinatorial cancer therapies involve selection of different components with targeted effects, which can lead to a synergistic effect for anticancer therapy. Curcumin induces the expression of p53 and downregulates that of Mdm2, ultimately resulting in induction of apoptosis. Subsequently, there is an elevated expression of p53-induced genes, which activate reactive oxygen species (ROS) thereby establishing cellular communication and disposition of any aberrant cell by growth arrest or apoptotic cell death. As a whole, the triad of curcumin, p53, and ROS presents a unique and promising solution to the designing of modern and patient-specific cancer therapeutics.

American Journal of Immunology, 2014

Gene imprinting has conduited the scope of our understanding of phenotypic expression and its cor... more Gene imprinting has conduited the scope of our understanding of phenotypic expression and its corelation with constituent genotype. It is an epigenetic process that involves DNA methylation and histone modulation to attain monoallelic gene expression without altering the genetic sequences. A distinctive model of non-mendelian genetics, imprinting extends the control over expression of traits and selection of the allele that would direct the same, in a manner decided by the parent of origin. The constitutive existence of this imprinting even after gametogenesis, throughout the somatic development extends a clue for its regulatory hold on several heridetary traits. Several heridetary diseases like Cancers, Russell-Silver syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes and Neurodegenration have shown to be a subsequent error in the genomic impriting process. So, understanding these epigenetic regulations can be a therapeutic strategy for disease modelling and especially targeting their patterns of heridetary inheritance.

ijser.org

Abstract: This paper explore the ways to deploy the network so that the workload is evenly distri... more Abstract: This paper explore the ways to deploy the network so that the workload is evenly distributed, thus the network overall behavior degrades in a smooth fashion. The sensors should be evenly deployed within the monitored area, we look at the approach where a ...

ArXiv, 2020

One of the biggest challenges associated with connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is to main... more One of the biggest challenges associated with connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is to maintain and make use of vehicles health records (VHR). VHR can facilitate different entities to offer various services in a proactive, transparent, secure, reliable and in an efficient manner. The state-of-the-art solutions for maintaining the VHR are centralized in nature, mainly owned by manufacturer and authorized in-vehicle device developers. Owners, drivers, and other key service providers have limited accessibility and control to the VHR. We need to change the strategy from single or limited party access to multi-party access to VHR in an secured manner so that all stakeholders of intelligent transportation system (ITS) can be benefited from this. Any unauthorized attempt to alter the data should also be prevented. Blockchain is one such potential candidate, which can facilitate the sharing of such data among different participating organizations and individuals. For example, owners, ...

Translational Medicine, 2016

High risk human papilloma virus has often been associated with cancer onset and progression by th... more High risk human papilloma virus has often been associated with cancer onset and progression by the virtue of the viral oncogenes. Genital cancers and Oropharyngeal cancers are the two leading carcinomas often induced by HPV infection. These viral encoded oncogenes (e.g. E6/E7/E8) are known for their ability to integrate, recombine and interfere with the host cellular genes. Although significant work has been undertaken and several more in progress in understanding the disease biology, yet attaining an effective and long term protection from HPV associated cancers remains unachieved. Lack of any drug based therapy or post-infection treatment strategy along with limited commercially available vaccines (e.g. Gardasil and Cervarix) have crippled our efforts to curb the disease manifestation cancers, remains. Therefore, in this review we aim to address the contemporary rational of HPV vaccine designing and development. We have also analyzed the scope and future perspectives of the commercially available vaccine regimes.

ipcbee.com

Abstract—The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a free floating aquatic weed originated in ... more Abstract—The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a free floating aquatic weed originated in the 23.15% wetland area of north east region of India. Due to its fast growth and the robustness of its seeds, the water hyacinth has since then caused major problems in the whole area. ...

Protoplasma, Jan 10, 2015

Steady increase in global population poses several challenges to plant science research, includin... more Steady increase in global population poses several challenges to plant science research, including demand for increased crop productivity, grain yield, nutritional quality and improved tolerance to different environmental factors. Transgene-based approaches are promising to address these challenges by transferring potential candidate genes to host organisms through different strategies. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer is one such strategy which is well known for enabling efficient gene transfer in both monocot and dicots. Due to its versatility, this technique underwent several advancements including development of improved in vitro plant regeneration system, co-cultivation and selection methods, and use of hyper-virulent strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harbouring super-binary vectors. The efficiency of this method has also been enhanced by the use of acetosyringone to induce the activity of vir genes, silver nitrate to reduce the Agrobacterium-induced necrosis and cystein...

Ecological Engineering, 2014

Abstract Control harvesting of the floating phumdis (combination of different types of weeds and ... more Abstract Control harvesting of the floating phumdis (combination of different types of weeds and other plant species growing on detritus organic matter) of Loktak lake, Manipur, India is carried out to check their proliferation and protect the precious lake. Composting can be the best alternative for utilization of this huge harvested green phumdi biomass. Studies were carried out on the physico-chemical and biological transformations during agitated pile composting of the harvested biomass with rice husk and cattle manure in different combinations (Trial T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5). The maximum temperature of 46.8 °C during the composting process was monitored in T4 (5 phumdi: 4 cattle manure: 1 rice husk). Highest reductions of volatile solid (VS), soluble biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), CO 2 evolution rate, and oxygen uptake rate (OUR) [20.4, 77.7, 80.6 and 61.7%, respectively] and highest increase of nitrogen [32%] were also observed in T4. Trial T3 (6 phumdi: 3 cattle manure: 1 rice husk) also gave comparable results. Nutrient contents in phumdi compost were higher than other green waste composts. Present study concluded that effective composting of phumdi biomass with appropriate proportion of cattle manure and rice husk is possible.

Solar air heater is the cheapest and extensively used solar energy collection device for drying o... more Solar air heater is the cheapest and extensively used solar energy collection device for drying of agricultural products, space heating, seasoning of timber and curing of industrial products. The use of an artificial roughness on a surface is an effective technique to enhance the rate of heat transfer to fluid flow in the duct of a solar air heater. Use of artificial roughness in solar air heater has been topic in research for the last thirty years. In the present article an attempt has been made to present holistic experimental investigations of square cross section roughness geometry used for creating artificial roughness in solar air heater for performance enhancement by experimental approaches. The effects of various rib parameters on heat transfer and fluid flow processes are also discussed INTRODUCTION: Energy is the primary force in the universe. Energy defines the Earth’s biomes and sustains life. All life, from single-celled microbes to blue whales, exists in a continuous p...

Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technology Applications

Journal of medical microbiology, Jan 23, 2017

We explored the efficiency of Rv1458c, a putative ABC drug transporter specific for the Mycobacte... more We explored the efficiency of Rv1458c, a putative ABC drug transporter specific for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) as a diagnostic marker. A 190 bp region of Rv1458c and a 300bp region of hsp65 were targeted in a novel duplex PCR assay and compared with PCR restriction analysis (PRA) using restriction enzymes NruI and BamHI. Speciation of a subset of the isolates (n=50) was confirmed by sequencing. Clinical isolates (n=426) obtained from clinically suspected patients of pulmonary tuberculosis; and mycobacterial (n=13) and non-mycobacterial (n=8) reference strains were included in the study. The duplex PCR correctly identified 320/426 isolates as MTBC and 106/426 isolates as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The test was 100% specific and sensitive when compared with NruI/BamHI PRA and highlighted the use of Rv1458c as a diagnostic marker for MTBC. The assay could be developed to be used as a screening test to identify MTBC in clinical specimens in peripheral laborato...

The 21st Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research

Reading news articles is essential and critical for understanding the local, nation-wide, and glo... more Reading news articles is essential and critical for understanding the local, nation-wide, and global emerging and developing events, as well as understanding the citizens’ demands and critics’ opinions. However, with the explosion of social media as news channels, citizens and groups of professionals share news and opinions, which has been the territory of trained journalists, adding more news to process. News often comes with multimedia objects, and suffers from integrity issues, especially with the unreliable or false claims, so-called fake news or altered or alternative facts. These quantity, diversity, and integrity pose significant challenges in the information age, not only for the decision-makers, including policymakers, business leaders but also for individual citizens. This study focuses on how the machine learning classification algorithms could help the news classifications in different categories to easily access the needed category of news and to filter out the noisy and harmful news.

The 21st Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, 2020

Migrations and refugees are a global phenomenon. People migrate from their country or region for ... more Migrations and refugees are a global phenomenon. People migrate from their country or region for many reasons, including to seek out economic opportunities, or to escape from atrocities or disasters. These migrants and refugees face various challenges at the destination countries due to language barriers, cultural differences, and social acceptance. The NGO Committee on Migration (CoM) has been established to form a coalition of organizations worldwide that advocate, educate, and collaborate to encourage the promotion and protection of migrants and their human rights, in accordance with the United Nations Charter. The NGOs operate in different parts of the world, and the information on their migrant trends and support activities are to be shared for better coordination and collaborative governance or for identifying high priority policy issues. This paper presents the visual analytics approach to support the NGOs around the globe to better understand and govern the NGO activities and migration trends, and to monitor international migration policy issues.

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2020

In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), vehicles communicate wirelessly with other vehicles, sensors, ... more In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), vehicles communicate wirelessly with other vehicles, sensors, pedestrians, and roadside units. IoV is aimed at improving road safety, driving comfort, and traffic efficiency. However, IoV is exposed to a range of threats to security and privacy. The presence of dishonest and misbehaving peers in the system is of a major concern, which may put lives in danger. Thus, establishing trust among these probable untrusted vehicles is one of the most significant challenges of such a network. The critical pitfalls of existing and traditional mechanisms are scalability, a single point of failure, maintaining the quality of service, verification, and revocation and dealing with sparsity, consistency, availability, efficiency, robustness, privacy concerns are some of the biggest challenges to be addressed. Blockchain technology, with its great success in applications like cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, is considered as one of the potential candidates to build trust in IoV. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based decentralized trust management scheme using smart contracts. Specifically, we introduce the concept of blockchain sharding for reducing the load on the main blockchain and increasing the transaction throughput. Our proposal has two key contributions: blockchain to maintain and update reliable and consistent trust values across the network and incentive scheme to encourage peers to perform well. We also conduct extensive experiments, which demonstrate the implementation feasibility of proposed mechanisms in the real world.

Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics, 2015

Cancer therapies based on single target molecules have proved to be ineffective both in terms of ... more Cancer therapies based on single target molecules have proved to be ineffective both in terms of their desired action and associated undesired side effects. Combinatorial cancer therapies involve selection of different components with targeted effects, which can lead to a synergistic effect for anticancer therapy. Curcumin induces the expression of p53 and downregulates that of Mdm2, ultimately resulting in induction of apoptosis. Subsequently, there is an elevated expression of p53-induced genes, which activate reactive oxygen species (ROS) thereby establishing cellular communication and disposition of any aberrant cell by growth arrest or apoptotic cell death. As a whole, the triad of curcumin, p53, and ROS presents a unique and promising solution to the designing of modern and patient-specific cancer therapeutics.

American Journal of Immunology, 2014

Gene imprinting has conduited the scope of our understanding of phenotypic expression and its cor... more Gene imprinting has conduited the scope of our understanding of phenotypic expression and its corelation with constituent genotype. It is an epigenetic process that involves DNA methylation and histone modulation to attain monoallelic gene expression without altering the genetic sequences. A distinctive model of non-mendelian genetics, imprinting extends the control over expression of traits and selection of the allele that would direct the same, in a manner decided by the parent of origin. The constitutive existence of this imprinting even after gametogenesis, throughout the somatic development extends a clue for its regulatory hold on several heridetary traits. Several heridetary diseases like Cancers, Russell-Silver syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes and Neurodegenration have shown to be a subsequent error in the genomic impriting process. So, understanding these epigenetic regulations can be a therapeutic strategy for disease modelling and especially targeting their patterns of heridetary inheritance.

ijser.org

Abstract: This paper explore the ways to deploy the network so that the workload is evenly distri... more Abstract: This paper explore the ways to deploy the network so that the workload is evenly distributed, thus the network overall behavior degrades in a smooth fashion. The sensors should be evenly deployed within the monitored area, we look at the approach where a ...

ArXiv, 2020

One of the biggest challenges associated with connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is to main... more One of the biggest challenges associated with connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is to maintain and make use of vehicles health records (VHR). VHR can facilitate different entities to offer various services in a proactive, transparent, secure, reliable and in an efficient manner. The state-of-the-art solutions for maintaining the VHR are centralized in nature, mainly owned by manufacturer and authorized in-vehicle device developers. Owners, drivers, and other key service providers have limited accessibility and control to the VHR. We need to change the strategy from single or limited party access to multi-party access to VHR in an secured manner so that all stakeholders of intelligent transportation system (ITS) can be benefited from this. Any unauthorized attempt to alter the data should also be prevented. Blockchain is one such potential candidate, which can facilitate the sharing of such data among different participating organizations and individuals. For example, owners, ...

Translational Medicine, 2016

High risk human papilloma virus has often been associated with cancer onset and progression by th... more High risk human papilloma virus has often been associated with cancer onset and progression by the virtue of the viral oncogenes. Genital cancers and Oropharyngeal cancers are the two leading carcinomas often induced by HPV infection. These viral encoded oncogenes (e.g. E6/E7/E8) are known for their ability to integrate, recombine and interfere with the host cellular genes. Although significant work has been undertaken and several more in progress in understanding the disease biology, yet attaining an effective and long term protection from HPV associated cancers remains unachieved. Lack of any drug based therapy or post-infection treatment strategy along with limited commercially available vaccines (e.g. Gardasil and Cervarix) have crippled our efforts to curb the disease manifestation cancers, remains. Therefore, in this review we aim to address the contemporary rational of HPV vaccine designing and development. We have also analyzed the scope and future perspectives of the commercially available vaccine regimes.

ipcbee.com

Abstract—The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a free floating aquatic weed originated in ... more Abstract—The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a free floating aquatic weed originated in the 23.15% wetland area of north east region of India. Due to its fast growth and the robustness of its seeds, the water hyacinth has since then caused major problems in the whole area. ...

Protoplasma, Jan 10, 2015

Steady increase in global population poses several challenges to plant science research, includin... more Steady increase in global population poses several challenges to plant science research, including demand for increased crop productivity, grain yield, nutritional quality and improved tolerance to different environmental factors. Transgene-based approaches are promising to address these challenges by transferring potential candidate genes to host organisms through different strategies. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer is one such strategy which is well known for enabling efficient gene transfer in both monocot and dicots. Due to its versatility, this technique underwent several advancements including development of improved in vitro plant regeneration system, co-cultivation and selection methods, and use of hyper-virulent strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harbouring super-binary vectors. The efficiency of this method has also been enhanced by the use of acetosyringone to induce the activity of vir genes, silver nitrate to reduce the Agrobacterium-induced necrosis and cystein...

Ecological Engineering, 2014

Abstract Control harvesting of the floating phumdis (combination of different types of weeds and ... more Abstract Control harvesting of the floating phumdis (combination of different types of weeds and other plant species growing on detritus organic matter) of Loktak lake, Manipur, India is carried out to check their proliferation and protect the precious lake. Composting can be the best alternative for utilization of this huge harvested green phumdi biomass. Studies were carried out on the physico-chemical and biological transformations during agitated pile composting of the harvested biomass with rice husk and cattle manure in different combinations (Trial T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5). The maximum temperature of 46.8 °C during the composting process was monitored in T4 (5 phumdi: 4 cattle manure: 1 rice husk). Highest reductions of volatile solid (VS), soluble biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), CO 2 evolution rate, and oxygen uptake rate (OUR) [20.4, 77.7, 80.6 and 61.7%, respectively] and highest increase of nitrogen [32%] were also observed in T4. Trial T3 (6 phumdi: 3 cattle manure: 1 rice husk) also gave comparable results. Nutrient contents in phumdi compost were higher than other green waste composts. Present study concluded that effective composting of phumdi biomass with appropriate proportion of cattle manure and rice husk is possible.

Solar air heater is the cheapest and extensively used solar energy collection device for drying o... more Solar air heater is the cheapest and extensively used solar energy collection device for drying of agricultural products, space heating, seasoning of timber and curing of industrial products. The use of an artificial roughness on a surface is an effective technique to enhance the rate of heat transfer to fluid flow in the duct of a solar air heater. Use of artificial roughness in solar air heater has been topic in research for the last thirty years. In the present article an attempt has been made to present holistic experimental investigations of square cross section roughness geometry used for creating artificial roughness in solar air heater for performance enhancement by experimental approaches. The effects of various rib parameters on heat transfer and fluid flow processes are also discussed INTRODUCTION: Energy is the primary force in the universe. Energy defines the Earth’s biomes and sustains life. All life, from single-celled microbes to blue whales, exists in a continuous p...

Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technology Applications