Roy Woodhead - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Roy Woodhead
Civil Engineering Journal, Sep 30, 2023
Lecture notes in networks and systems, 2023
International Journal of Technology: IJ Tech, Jan 20, 2022
Journal of Construction Research, Sep 1, 2002
This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research meth... more This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research method in a workshop situation (Woodhead and Downs, 2001). It explains the methodology to analyze qualitative data from a structured process acted out in a workshop. The structure, using a questionnaire as an agenda, was designed to elicit the experiences and expectations of Value Management (VM) clients in the UK. The subjects comprised 23 clients from a broad range of businesses. The paper describes various methods of analyzing qualitative data, and explains the novel method, based on grounded theory and other techniques that could be applied in other contexts such as part of an architect's briefing process. That is, the method discussed in this paper is not confined to the investigation of VM in which it was used. A clear advantage of this method is that it provides a clear audit trail, which shows explicitly how respondents' replies were clustered together, and how this was subsequently interpreted. This method offers the potential to be used by another VM team to collect data from a large sample of individuals. One can then define functions from the data before constructing a FAST diagram (Snodgrass and Kasi, 1986) to represent an "ideal" model of what has to be done; the dimensioning of this representation is where insights are developed.
Value management: improving capabilities, 2001
Value management: improving capabilities, 2001
The term ‘Value Management’ suggests ‘value’ is being ‘managed’. However, when we discuss what th... more The term ‘Value Management’ suggests ‘value’ is being ‘managed’. However, when we discuss what the word ‘value’ means it often takes on many meanings. How can such ambiguity aid good value management? This paper explores the systemic relationship between value, the solutions that yield such value and the functions such solutions perform. Such understanding is necessary to aid the delivery of value improving results.
The concepts of function in technology can be explained and described within models using etiolog... more The concepts of function in technology can be explained and described within models using etiological (causality and determinism) and teleological (intentionality) view. The function explains the prevalence and (or) persistence of object types by citing their contributions and relationships in the artefact or system. Function Analysis System Technique (FAST) is a technique for analysing the functional structure used in the Value Methodology. Therefore, this paper describes the relationships between function, goals and the purpose of a system as represented in the HOW-WHY logic of Classic FAST's 'Major Logic Path'. Meanwhile the other paper at this edition of Value World explains etiological function in the WHEN logic path of Classic FAST. A teleological function is that which needs to be done in order to achieve a purpose. In other words, what an object brings about in a system needs to serve its purposes and goals of the system in order to be called a teleological "...
International Journal of Technology, 2020
Journal of Construction Research, 2002
This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research meth... more This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research method in a workshop situation (Woodhead and Downs, 2001). It explains the methodology to analyze qualitative data from a structured process acted out in a workshop. The structure, using a questionnaire as an agenda, was designed to elicit the experiences and expectations of Value Management (VM) clients in the UK. The subjects comprised 23 clients from a broad range of businesses. The paper describes various methods of analyzing qualitative data, and explains the novel method, based on grounded theory and other techniques that could be applied in other contexts such as part of an architect's briefing process. That is, the method discussed in this paper is not confined to the investigation of VM in which it was used. A clear advantage of this method is that it provides a clear audit trail, which shows explicitly how respondents' replies were clustered together, and how this was subsequently interpreted. This method offers the potential to be used by another VM team to collect data from a large sample of individuals. One can then define functions from the data before constructing a FAST diagram (Snodgrass and Kasi, 1986) to represent an "ideal" model of what has to be done; the dimensioning of this representation is where insights are developed.
Value management: improving capabilities, 2001
... British Library ISBN: 07277 2989 6 © Roy M. Woodhead and Clive G. Downs and Thomas ... Porter... more ... British Library ISBN: 07277 2989 6 © Roy M. Woodhead and Clive G. Downs and Thomas ... Porter Steve More David Dunn Paul Jackson Rodger Harding David Gowans Trevor Jones Gordon ... FAST diagram to brainstorm, an improved function can have a ripple-down effect along ...
Facilities, 2000
Investigates how large, experienced clients of the UK construction industry arrive at their decis... more Investigates how large, experienced clients of the UK construction industry arrive at their decision to build. Explores the pre‐project stage, which begins within the organisation’s strategic planning process and concludes once a proposal has either been abandoned or has become a fully‐funded project. This complex process is shown with the aid of three decision models, shown as figures, that add layers of detail and shows other options such as rent, buy, lease and no‐go decisions in the context of the decision to build. Provides an overview of the decision‐making process and its structure, before explaining what typically happens within the various stages. Explains how clients arrive at their decision to build before the construction industry becomes involved and how client organisations divide the decision‐making process among managerial roles; decision‐approvers, decision‐takers, decision‐shapers. Also explores how paradigms and perspectives set the priorities by which those respo...
European Journal of Engineering Education, 2004
This paper moves beyond the competence focus of mainstream value engineering training (eg Miles 1... more This paper moves beyond the competence focus of mainstream value engineering training (eg Miles 1989, Techniques of Value Engineering and Value Analysis; Kaufman 1990, Value Engineering for the Practitioner), such books achieve their training goal well but lack the pedagogic ...
We would like to acknowledge SAVE International is the original publisher and that the paper is r... more We would like to acknowledge SAVE International is the original publisher and that the paper is reprinted with permission by SAVE International ... A Teleological Explanation of the Major Logic Path in Classic FAST ... Keywords: Classic FAST, Major Logic Path, Function, ...
International Journal of Technology: IJ Tech, Jan 20, 2022
International Journal of Technology
The increasing demand for vertical residential development, particularly in urban areas, contribu... more The increasing demand for vertical residential development, particularly in urban areas, contributes to regional income growth through the collection of building taxes. In Indonesia, the vertical building is one of the non-standard objects applying an individual tax building assessment based on the building component cost list (BCCL) table in determining the value of the payable tax. However, the existing assessment system still cannot show the actual value of the building due to its limitations. Consequently, the building tax assessment process is ineffective and inefficient regarding assessment time and value accuracy. This study investigates the utilization of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the assessment process of building taxation, considering a high-rise apartment building in Indonesia as the case study. The findings show that compared to the existing system, the final building value used as the basis in the tax assessment can be generated more accurately, involving a detailed calculation of dimensions and variations of building materials. It can be concluded that BIM's capability to recognize building objects, extract quantity, and calculate automatically can help improve the objectivity of the assessment results and time efficiency in the tax assessment process.
International Journal of Technology
The electric power system is critical to supporting the economic growth of a country. On the othe... more The electric power system is critical to supporting the economic growth of a country. On the other hand, the growing concern about the environment in recent years has pushed many countries to create strategies to minimize greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the proportion of new and renewable energy (NRE) sources. In Indonesia, the Java-Bali power grid is the most extensive electricity system, with a demand of 177,692.43 GWh with a peak load of 40,059.74 MW in 2019. However, the energy mix in Java-Bali is dominated by coal at 70%, followed by natural gas at 21.22%, renewable energy at 7.71%, and fuel at 0.14%. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase the use of NRE sources in fulfilling the electrical energy demand, with the government setting a renewable energy utilization target of 23% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. This study aims to create a power-generating capacity development planning scenario with the best use of NRE sources at the lowest cost, to support the Indonesian policymakers in obtaining those targets. The Balmoral model with General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) programming was used to optimize the planning model for the power generating capacity. The results show that the development planning scenario with a total additional generating capacity of 15,035 MW is the scenario with the most optimal utilization of NRE sources and the lowest cost, with an estimated total investment cost of IDR 901 trillion. Furthermore, this scenario can increase the composition of renewable energy in the Java-Bali system to 16.95% in the next ten years.
Civil Engineering Journal, Sep 30, 2023
Lecture notes in networks and systems, 2023
International Journal of Technology: IJ Tech, Jan 20, 2022
Journal of Construction Research, Sep 1, 2002
This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research meth... more This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research method in a workshop situation (Woodhead and Downs, 2001). It explains the methodology to analyze qualitative data from a structured process acted out in a workshop. The structure, using a questionnaire as an agenda, was designed to elicit the experiences and expectations of Value Management (VM) clients in the UK. The subjects comprised 23 clients from a broad range of businesses. The paper describes various methods of analyzing qualitative data, and explains the novel method, based on grounded theory and other techniques that could be applied in other contexts such as part of an architect's briefing process. That is, the method discussed in this paper is not confined to the investigation of VM in which it was used. A clear advantage of this method is that it provides a clear audit trail, which shows explicitly how respondents' replies were clustered together, and how this was subsequently interpreted. This method offers the potential to be used by another VM team to collect data from a large sample of individuals. One can then define functions from the data before constructing a FAST diagram (Snodgrass and Kasi, 1986) to represent an "ideal" model of what has to be done; the dimensioning of this representation is where insights are developed.
Value management: improving capabilities, 2001
Value management: improving capabilities, 2001
The term ‘Value Management’ suggests ‘value’ is being ‘managed’. However, when we discuss what th... more The term ‘Value Management’ suggests ‘value’ is being ‘managed’. However, when we discuss what the word ‘value’ means it often takes on many meanings. How can such ambiguity aid good value management? This paper explores the systemic relationship between value, the solutions that yield such value and the functions such solutions perform. Such understanding is necessary to aid the delivery of value improving results.
The concepts of function in technology can be explained and described within models using etiolog... more The concepts of function in technology can be explained and described within models using etiological (causality and determinism) and teleological (intentionality) view. The function explains the prevalence and (or) persistence of object types by citing their contributions and relationships in the artefact or system. Function Analysis System Technique (FAST) is a technique for analysing the functional structure used in the Value Methodology. Therefore, this paper describes the relationships between function, goals and the purpose of a system as represented in the HOW-WHY logic of Classic FAST's 'Major Logic Path'. Meanwhile the other paper at this edition of Value World explains etiological function in the WHEN logic path of Classic FAST. A teleological function is that which needs to be done in order to achieve a purpose. In other words, what an object brings about in a system needs to serve its purposes and goals of the system in order to be called a teleological "...
International Journal of Technology, 2020
Journal of Construction Research, 2002
This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research meth... more This paper describes how facilitation, as distinct from focus groups, was used as a research method in a workshop situation (Woodhead and Downs, 2001). It explains the methodology to analyze qualitative data from a structured process acted out in a workshop. The structure, using a questionnaire as an agenda, was designed to elicit the experiences and expectations of Value Management (VM) clients in the UK. The subjects comprised 23 clients from a broad range of businesses. The paper describes various methods of analyzing qualitative data, and explains the novel method, based on grounded theory and other techniques that could be applied in other contexts such as part of an architect's briefing process. That is, the method discussed in this paper is not confined to the investigation of VM in which it was used. A clear advantage of this method is that it provides a clear audit trail, which shows explicitly how respondents' replies were clustered together, and how this was subsequently interpreted. This method offers the potential to be used by another VM team to collect data from a large sample of individuals. One can then define functions from the data before constructing a FAST diagram (Snodgrass and Kasi, 1986) to represent an "ideal" model of what has to be done; the dimensioning of this representation is where insights are developed.
Value management: improving capabilities, 2001
... British Library ISBN: 07277 2989 6 © Roy M. Woodhead and Clive G. Downs and Thomas ... Porter... more ... British Library ISBN: 07277 2989 6 © Roy M. Woodhead and Clive G. Downs and Thomas ... Porter Steve More David Dunn Paul Jackson Rodger Harding David Gowans Trevor Jones Gordon ... FAST diagram to brainstorm, an improved function can have a ripple-down effect along ...
Facilities, 2000
Investigates how large, experienced clients of the UK construction industry arrive at their decis... more Investigates how large, experienced clients of the UK construction industry arrive at their decision to build. Explores the pre‐project stage, which begins within the organisation’s strategic planning process and concludes once a proposal has either been abandoned or has become a fully‐funded project. This complex process is shown with the aid of three decision models, shown as figures, that add layers of detail and shows other options such as rent, buy, lease and no‐go decisions in the context of the decision to build. Provides an overview of the decision‐making process and its structure, before explaining what typically happens within the various stages. Explains how clients arrive at their decision to build before the construction industry becomes involved and how client organisations divide the decision‐making process among managerial roles; decision‐approvers, decision‐takers, decision‐shapers. Also explores how paradigms and perspectives set the priorities by which those respo...
European Journal of Engineering Education, 2004
This paper moves beyond the competence focus of mainstream value engineering training (eg Miles 1... more This paper moves beyond the competence focus of mainstream value engineering training (eg Miles 1989, Techniques of Value Engineering and Value Analysis; Kaufman 1990, Value Engineering for the Practitioner), such books achieve their training goal well but lack the pedagogic ...
We would like to acknowledge SAVE International is the original publisher and that the paper is r... more We would like to acknowledge SAVE International is the original publisher and that the paper is reprinted with permission by SAVE International ... A Teleological Explanation of the Major Logic Path in Classic FAST ... Keywords: Classic FAST, Major Logic Path, Function, ...
International Journal of Technology: IJ Tech, Jan 20, 2022
International Journal of Technology
The increasing demand for vertical residential development, particularly in urban areas, contribu... more The increasing demand for vertical residential development, particularly in urban areas, contributes to regional income growth through the collection of building taxes. In Indonesia, the vertical building is one of the non-standard objects applying an individual tax building assessment based on the building component cost list (BCCL) table in determining the value of the payable tax. However, the existing assessment system still cannot show the actual value of the building due to its limitations. Consequently, the building tax assessment process is ineffective and inefficient regarding assessment time and value accuracy. This study investigates the utilization of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the assessment process of building taxation, considering a high-rise apartment building in Indonesia as the case study. The findings show that compared to the existing system, the final building value used as the basis in the tax assessment can be generated more accurately, involving a detailed calculation of dimensions and variations of building materials. It can be concluded that BIM's capability to recognize building objects, extract quantity, and calculate automatically can help improve the objectivity of the assessment results and time efficiency in the tax assessment process.
International Journal of Technology
The electric power system is critical to supporting the economic growth of a country. On the othe... more The electric power system is critical to supporting the economic growth of a country. On the other hand, the growing concern about the environment in recent years has pushed many countries to create strategies to minimize greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the proportion of new and renewable energy (NRE) sources. In Indonesia, the Java-Bali power grid is the most extensive electricity system, with a demand of 177,692.43 GWh with a peak load of 40,059.74 MW in 2019. However, the energy mix in Java-Bali is dominated by coal at 70%, followed by natural gas at 21.22%, renewable energy at 7.71%, and fuel at 0.14%. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase the use of NRE sources in fulfilling the electrical energy demand, with the government setting a renewable energy utilization target of 23% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. This study aims to create a power-generating capacity development planning scenario with the best use of NRE sources at the lowest cost, to support the Indonesian policymakers in obtaining those targets. The Balmoral model with General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) programming was used to optimize the planning model for the power generating capacity. The results show that the development planning scenario with a total additional generating capacity of 15,035 MW is the scenario with the most optimal utilization of NRE sources and the lowest cost, with an estimated total investment cost of IDR 901 trillion. Furthermore, this scenario can increase the composition of renewable energy in the Java-Bali system to 16.95% in the next ten years.