Ruby Dhar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ruby Dhar
Reflecting on India’s Development, 2018
Gender inequality refers to the differential ability of men and women to access society’s resourc... more Gender inequality refers to the differential ability of men and women to access society’s resources and to receive its privileges. Gender inequality is complicated, because every individual, categorized as either male or female, also falls somewhere within a matrix of domination that includes other dimensions like race/ethnicity, social class, age and sexuality. The paper makes an attempt to compare gender inequality in a developed (USA) and developing (India) country on dimensions such as education, health, labour force participation and politics based on Gender Data Portal of World Bank for the period 2007–2017. In terms of Government Expenditure on Education, USA spends much more than India on education. The number of out of schoolchildren has decreased for India but has increased for USA from 2007 to 2013. Primary and Secondary School enrolment has also shown an increase in India while a decline in USA. Gender inequality continues to have a negative impact on many health outcomes of Indian women. USA women fare better than Indian women at all indicators studied. The paper argues that if economic growth was the only criterion for labour force participation, then there should not be disparity among LFPR of males and females in USA, but lower LFPR for females than males in USA reflects disparity among males and females. About 81.94% of females in India were self-employed in 2017 as compared to only 7.34% in USA. India and USA both fare poorly in political participation of women. The paper thus concludes that although India performs poorly across various socio-economic indicators as compared to USA, one can say that there is no perfect gender equality in any of these two countries.
Social Change, 2005
After World War II, when the United Nations came into being, the focus was on development of the ... more After World War II, when the United Nations came into being, the focus was on development of the entire world. This was to be achieved through equity and equality, but these were unattainable because of the different ways men and women are treated. This inequality has been addressed at both national and international levels, but the scales have still not tilted in favour of women. The present paper attempts a look at how societies perceive women after three decades of active interventions. Violence against women has been taken as an indicator of the status and empowerment of women. Data on domestic and sexual violence, trafficking of women and girls and violence against women during armed conflict, war and migration shows that despite policies and strategies adopted for empowerment of women, nothing much has changed for the average woman the world over due to social structures, cultural norms and religious practices.
Social Change, 2012
Women have generally been considered passive agents of migration. The present article is based on... more Women have generally been considered passive agents of migration. The present article is based on a study that has attempted to throw light on the role of South Asian women in migration—how have they been able to cope with changes due to migration, their adjustment pattern, their coping strategies, their status in the family and society, their economic profile, their relationship with their husband and children, their personal growth, social networks which have been influenced as a result of migration. The article aims to offer a culturally sensitive viewpoint about the life of South Asian women in Britain.
Comparative Sociology, 2014
Comparative Sociology, 2014
Comparative Sociology, 2014
Comparative Sociology, 2012
Reflecting on India’s Development, 2018
Gender inequality refers to the differential ability of men and women to access society’s resourc... more Gender inequality refers to the differential ability of men and women to access society’s resources and to receive its privileges. Gender inequality is complicated, because every individual, categorized as either male or female, also falls somewhere within a matrix of domination that includes other dimensions like race/ethnicity, social class, age and sexuality. The paper makes an attempt to compare gender inequality in a developed (USA) and developing (India) country on dimensions such as education, health, labour force participation and politics based on Gender Data Portal of World Bank for the period 2007–2017. In terms of Government Expenditure on Education, USA spends much more than India on education. The number of out of schoolchildren has decreased for India but has increased for USA from 2007 to 2013. Primary and Secondary School enrolment has also shown an increase in India while a decline in USA. Gender inequality continues to have a negative impact on many health outcomes of Indian women. USA women fare better than Indian women at all indicators studied. The paper argues that if economic growth was the only criterion for labour force participation, then there should not be disparity among LFPR of males and females in USA, but lower LFPR for females than males in USA reflects disparity among males and females. About 81.94% of females in India were self-employed in 2017 as compared to only 7.34% in USA. India and USA both fare poorly in political participation of women. The paper thus concludes that although India performs poorly across various socio-economic indicators as compared to USA, one can say that there is no perfect gender equality in any of these two countries.
Social Change, 2005
After World War II, when the United Nations came into being, the focus was on development of the ... more After World War II, when the United Nations came into being, the focus was on development of the entire world. This was to be achieved through equity and equality, but these were unattainable because of the different ways men and women are treated. This inequality has been addressed at both national and international levels, but the scales have still not tilted in favour of women. The present paper attempts a look at how societies perceive women after three decades of active interventions. Violence against women has been taken as an indicator of the status and empowerment of women. Data on domestic and sexual violence, trafficking of women and girls and violence against women during armed conflict, war and migration shows that despite policies and strategies adopted for empowerment of women, nothing much has changed for the average woman the world over due to social structures, cultural norms and religious practices.
Social Change, 2012
Women have generally been considered passive agents of migration. The present article is based on... more Women have generally been considered passive agents of migration. The present article is based on a study that has attempted to throw light on the role of South Asian women in migration—how have they been able to cope with changes due to migration, their adjustment pattern, their coping strategies, their status in the family and society, their economic profile, their relationship with their husband and children, their personal growth, social networks which have been influenced as a result of migration. The article aims to offer a culturally sensitive viewpoint about the life of South Asian women in Britain.
Comparative Sociology, 2014
Comparative Sociology, 2014
Comparative Sociology, 2014
Comparative Sociology, 2012