Ruth Kark - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ruth Kark
Routledge eBooks, Mar 9, 2020
Ph.D. diss., The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2001), pp. 307–12 (hereafter cited as Ben Ya’ako... more Ph.D. diss., The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2001), pp. 307–12 (hereafter cited as Ben Ya’akov, “Immigration”). 12. Sergio DellaPergola, “Aliyah and Other Jewish Migrations: Toward an Integrated Perspective,” in Studies in the Population of Israel in Honor of Roberto Bachi (Scripta Hierosolymitana, 30), ed. U. O. Schmelz and G. Nathan, 350 Notes
While the First World War is generally regarded as a watershed in world history, it was also an i... more While the First World War is generally regarded as a watershed in world history, it was also an important turning point in the history of Palestine. Over the course of the four years of the war, Palestine and the Sinai Desert served as a battle arena for conflict between the armies of the Ottoman and British Empires. Extensive geographic-historic and historical research has examined the war through the eyes of Palestine’s local inhabitants, most of which focused on how communities or individuals coped with the war and on the reciprocal relations within and between the different religious groupings. There is a void in the research with regard to what the local inhabitants knew about the war and to what extent they identified as part of the Ottoman cause. We examine these issues by assessing first, how the “Home Front” accessed news and learned about the situation on the Palestine front; second, how the inhabitants perceived the war; and third, whether the war changed the perception of the inhabitants, as individuals and as communities, of the Ottomans and of Palestine and its future. To do so we use the diaries and autobiographies of men and women from the three main religious groups, who lived in Palestine during the period.
Latin American Jewish studies, Sep 1, 2023
The presence of Jews in Brazil was noted in the sixteenth century, but the most significant immig... more The presence of Jews in Brazil was noted in the sixteenth century, but the most significant immigration waves occurred during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. According to IBGE1 data, approximately 107,000 Jews were living in Brazil as of 2010. Brazilians have been emigrating to Israel since the first decades of the twentieth century, with an increase in the flow from 1970 onwards. Currently, approximately 17,000 (DellaPergola 2020) former Brazilians live in Israel, the majority being Jews. The subject of Brazilians in Israel has not been comprehensively covered in the Jewish history of Brazil and Israel and is the focus of our ongoing project. We will present preliminary data from 300 questionnaires related to this project. The project indicates respondents’ complexity, regional dispersion, and diversity. One of the results of our research will be a virtual exhibition on Brazilians in Israel.
Palestine Exploration Quarterly, Jul 1, 1997
Cet article traite de l'habitat et de la cartographie de la population arabe nomade et rurale... more Cet article traite de l'habitat et de la cartographie de la population arabe nomade et rurale de Palestine au XIXe siecle. L'auteur presente deux cartes (1860 et 1863) recemment decouvertes, du domaine agricole du village arabe musulman d'Artâs, au sud de Bethlehem. Elles constituent les plus anciennes cartes pre-cadastrales connues de terres privees de la periode moderne d'un village palestinien. Elles ont ete dressees dans le cadre de l'installation de communautes agricoles europeennes au debut de la periode moderne. Associees a d'autres documents contemporains, elles permettent de realiser une synthese cartographique, geographique et historique des aspects de la continuite et de l'evolution de l'habitat, de la propriete privee, des systemes de culture et d'alimentation en eau et des relations entre les fellahin (paysans arabes) locaux, les bedouins, les habitants europeens et les propretaires absenteistes dans une region frontaliere
Religion, state & society, May 27, 2022
Dissent between the clerical establishment and lay followers is not an infrequent phenomenon and ... more Dissent between the clerical establishment and lay followers is not an infrequent phenomenon and has often focused on church appointments, leadership, and political issues. In the Middle East, such tensions are found between churches usually led by European clergy and their predominantly Arab congregations. Here we combine historical and geographical research methods to investigate a neglected source of contention—that of property held by the church. We reconstruct, analyze, and present detailed case studies of long-term disputes over real estate between the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem (its Greek patriarch and clergy), and its lay Arab community, known as Rum Orthodox, Roman Christians,1 or Greek Orthodox, and which number about 71,000 members. The paper examines the economic, ethnic, and national identity factors that led to bitter internal conflict between the community and clergy of the Greek Orthodox church of Jerusalem, the oldest established church in the city. We demonstrate that the conflict is increasingly fueled by powerful economic incentives, as well as by political-national, social, and communal interests. Understanding of the real-estate aspect in the dispute between the Patriarchate and its congregation provides insight into the operation of the Patriarchate, including real-estate ownership and accumulation by the church, its tenurial status, and the spatial distribution of the property. Although this is not the only case in the Middle East and Palestine/Israel in which the heads of the church were, and sometimes remain, of a different ethnic origin and nationality from the local Arab congregation, most of the Christian churches in the Holy Land (such as the Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches) have undergone a process of Arabization in recent years, with local Arab clergy replacing foreign priests. The Orthodox Patriarchate alone continues to be closely controlled by foreigners—in this case, by ethnic Greeks. No local Arab priests serve in key roles in the church. 2 The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate owns and administers vast land holdings, currently representing one of the largest nongovernmental pools of real estate in the State of Israel (Figure 1). We show that church land has served as a vehicle by which the Patriarchate
... Yaakov Barnai, Dr. Yaron Ben-Naeh, Prof. Leah Bornstein-Makovetzky, Yaron Lapid, and advocate... more ... Yaakov Barnai, Dr. Yaron Ben-Naeh, Prof. Leah Bornstein-Makovetzky, Yaron Lapid, and advocates Shmuel and Zvi Shamir. Expressions of appreciation are found in the notes to those who provided us with additional information and material for this study. ...
Here is the fascinating story of one of Jerusalem's founding families. The Valeros establishe... more Here is the fascinating story of one of Jerusalem's founding families. The Valeros established the first private bank in Israel. They owned considerable real estate in Jerusalem and its environs, as well as properties throughout the country, many of which they donated for the public's needs. Members of the elite Jerusalem Sephardic community, which peaked in the beginning of the twentieth century, the Valeros were extremely active in public life. The book also serves as a cultural study of the life of a family from the higher echelons of Jerusalem in the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries.
Struggle and Survival in Palestine/Israel, 2019
This chapter considers multiculturalism in Israeli society, and its expression in museums. It sho... more This chapter considers multiculturalism in Israeli society, and its expression in museums. It showcases one regional/ethnographic museum that attempted to present two different cultures in the Negev of Southern Israel. We first relate to museums of nomads and Bedouin in the Middle East. We then discuss the topic of multiculturalism and ethnographic museums in Israel and whether Israel represents a multicultural society. Given the many museums in Israel and the proliferation of ethnographic museums in the last three decades, we suggest that these museums tend to present Israeli culture as ethnocentric rather than multicultural, reflecting ethnic re-awakening rather than the ‘melting pot’ envisaged by the founders of the State. We then relate to the Bedouin museums in Israel. Our detailed case study is of a museum of the Bedouin, part of the Joe Alon Center for Regional Studies, the primary aim of which was to reflect multiethnic and multicultural societies within the Negev. This task...
First World War Studies, 2017
Die städtebauliche Erfindung des modernen Israel und der Wiederaufbau in der BRD. Eine Annäherung
Manchester University Press eBooks, May 16, 2016
Perspectives on geographical marginality, 2022
Routledge eBooks, Sep 5, 2022
Routledge eBooks, Mar 9, 2020
Ph.D. diss., The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2001), pp. 307–12 (hereafter cited as Ben Ya’ako... more Ph.D. diss., The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2001), pp. 307–12 (hereafter cited as Ben Ya’akov, “Immigration”). 12. Sergio DellaPergola, “Aliyah and Other Jewish Migrations: Toward an Integrated Perspective,” in Studies in the Population of Israel in Honor of Roberto Bachi (Scripta Hierosolymitana, 30), ed. U. O. Schmelz and G. Nathan, 350 Notes
While the First World War is generally regarded as a watershed in world history, it was also an i... more While the First World War is generally regarded as a watershed in world history, it was also an important turning point in the history of Palestine. Over the course of the four years of the war, Palestine and the Sinai Desert served as a battle arena for conflict between the armies of the Ottoman and British Empires. Extensive geographic-historic and historical research has examined the war through the eyes of Palestine’s local inhabitants, most of which focused on how communities or individuals coped with the war and on the reciprocal relations within and between the different religious groupings. There is a void in the research with regard to what the local inhabitants knew about the war and to what extent they identified as part of the Ottoman cause. We examine these issues by assessing first, how the “Home Front” accessed news and learned about the situation on the Palestine front; second, how the inhabitants perceived the war; and third, whether the war changed the perception of the inhabitants, as individuals and as communities, of the Ottomans and of Palestine and its future. To do so we use the diaries and autobiographies of men and women from the three main religious groups, who lived in Palestine during the period.
Latin American Jewish studies, Sep 1, 2023
The presence of Jews in Brazil was noted in the sixteenth century, but the most significant immig... more The presence of Jews in Brazil was noted in the sixteenth century, but the most significant immigration waves occurred during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. According to IBGE1 data, approximately 107,000 Jews were living in Brazil as of 2010. Brazilians have been emigrating to Israel since the first decades of the twentieth century, with an increase in the flow from 1970 onwards. Currently, approximately 17,000 (DellaPergola 2020) former Brazilians live in Israel, the majority being Jews. The subject of Brazilians in Israel has not been comprehensively covered in the Jewish history of Brazil and Israel and is the focus of our ongoing project. We will present preliminary data from 300 questionnaires related to this project. The project indicates respondents’ complexity, regional dispersion, and diversity. One of the results of our research will be a virtual exhibition on Brazilians in Israel.
Palestine Exploration Quarterly, Jul 1, 1997
Cet article traite de l'habitat et de la cartographie de la population arabe nomade et rurale... more Cet article traite de l'habitat et de la cartographie de la population arabe nomade et rurale de Palestine au XIXe siecle. L'auteur presente deux cartes (1860 et 1863) recemment decouvertes, du domaine agricole du village arabe musulman d'Artâs, au sud de Bethlehem. Elles constituent les plus anciennes cartes pre-cadastrales connues de terres privees de la periode moderne d'un village palestinien. Elles ont ete dressees dans le cadre de l'installation de communautes agricoles europeennes au debut de la periode moderne. Associees a d'autres documents contemporains, elles permettent de realiser une synthese cartographique, geographique et historique des aspects de la continuite et de l'evolution de l'habitat, de la propriete privee, des systemes de culture et d'alimentation en eau et des relations entre les fellahin (paysans arabes) locaux, les bedouins, les habitants europeens et les propretaires absenteistes dans une region frontaliere
Religion, state & society, May 27, 2022
Dissent between the clerical establishment and lay followers is not an infrequent phenomenon and ... more Dissent between the clerical establishment and lay followers is not an infrequent phenomenon and has often focused on church appointments, leadership, and political issues. In the Middle East, such tensions are found between churches usually led by European clergy and their predominantly Arab congregations. Here we combine historical and geographical research methods to investigate a neglected source of contention—that of property held by the church. We reconstruct, analyze, and present detailed case studies of long-term disputes over real estate between the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem (its Greek patriarch and clergy), and its lay Arab community, known as Rum Orthodox, Roman Christians,1 or Greek Orthodox, and which number about 71,000 members. The paper examines the economic, ethnic, and national identity factors that led to bitter internal conflict between the community and clergy of the Greek Orthodox church of Jerusalem, the oldest established church in the city. We demonstrate that the conflict is increasingly fueled by powerful economic incentives, as well as by political-national, social, and communal interests. Understanding of the real-estate aspect in the dispute between the Patriarchate and its congregation provides insight into the operation of the Patriarchate, including real-estate ownership and accumulation by the church, its tenurial status, and the spatial distribution of the property. Although this is not the only case in the Middle East and Palestine/Israel in which the heads of the church were, and sometimes remain, of a different ethnic origin and nationality from the local Arab congregation, most of the Christian churches in the Holy Land (such as the Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches) have undergone a process of Arabization in recent years, with local Arab clergy replacing foreign priests. The Orthodox Patriarchate alone continues to be closely controlled by foreigners—in this case, by ethnic Greeks. No local Arab priests serve in key roles in the church. 2 The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate owns and administers vast land holdings, currently representing one of the largest nongovernmental pools of real estate in the State of Israel (Figure 1). We show that church land has served as a vehicle by which the Patriarchate
... Yaakov Barnai, Dr. Yaron Ben-Naeh, Prof. Leah Bornstein-Makovetzky, Yaron Lapid, and advocate... more ... Yaakov Barnai, Dr. Yaron Ben-Naeh, Prof. Leah Bornstein-Makovetzky, Yaron Lapid, and advocates Shmuel and Zvi Shamir. Expressions of appreciation are found in the notes to those who provided us with additional information and material for this study. ...
Here is the fascinating story of one of Jerusalem's founding families. The Valeros establishe... more Here is the fascinating story of one of Jerusalem's founding families. The Valeros established the first private bank in Israel. They owned considerable real estate in Jerusalem and its environs, as well as properties throughout the country, many of which they donated for the public's needs. Members of the elite Jerusalem Sephardic community, which peaked in the beginning of the twentieth century, the Valeros were extremely active in public life. The book also serves as a cultural study of the life of a family from the higher echelons of Jerusalem in the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries.
Struggle and Survival in Palestine/Israel, 2019
This chapter considers multiculturalism in Israeli society, and its expression in museums. It sho... more This chapter considers multiculturalism in Israeli society, and its expression in museums. It showcases one regional/ethnographic museum that attempted to present two different cultures in the Negev of Southern Israel. We first relate to museums of nomads and Bedouin in the Middle East. We then discuss the topic of multiculturalism and ethnographic museums in Israel and whether Israel represents a multicultural society. Given the many museums in Israel and the proliferation of ethnographic museums in the last three decades, we suggest that these museums tend to present Israeli culture as ethnocentric rather than multicultural, reflecting ethnic re-awakening rather than the ‘melting pot’ envisaged by the founders of the State. We then relate to the Bedouin museums in Israel. Our detailed case study is of a museum of the Bedouin, part of the Joe Alon Center for Regional Studies, the primary aim of which was to reflect multiethnic and multicultural societies within the Negev. This task...
First World War Studies, 2017
Die städtebauliche Erfindung des modernen Israel und der Wiederaufbau in der BRD. Eine Annäherung
Manchester University Press eBooks, May 16, 2016
Perspectives on geographical marginality, 2022
Routledge eBooks, Sep 5, 2022