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Papers by Ryan Fallen Down
Chirurgische Gastroenterologie, 1995
Zusammenfassung Die in München entwickelte Methode zum Einsatz des Afterloadingverfahrens für die... more Zusammenfassung Die in München entwickelte Methode zum Einsatz des Afterloadingverfahrens für die intraoperative Strahlentherapie wurde in ein multimodales Therapiekonzept für das fortgeschrittene Rektumkarzinom eingebunden. Für die nach dem klinischen Staging voraussichtlich R0-resektablen Patienten (n=15) wurde nach Operation und intraoperativer Radiotherapie (IORT) eine postoperative Radio-/Chemotherapie konzipiert, für primär wahrscheinlich nicht R0-resektable Patienten (n=16) hyperfraktionierte, präoperative Radio-/Chemotherapie mit nachfolgender Operation und IORT. Die Ergebnisse der letzten Gruppe zeigen einen auffällig niedrigen Anteil an nodal positiven Patienten (3/11) mit Primärtumoren, in 10 von 11 Fallen konnte ein Down-Staging des Tumors um einen Grad erreicht werden, und entsprechend gelang bei 10 von 11 Patienten eine R0-Resektion. Die postoperativ behandelten Patienten wiesen eine relativ hohe Anzahl an nodal positiven histopathologischen Befunden auf (4/5) bei den Primärtumorpatienten, entsprechend schlecht erwies sich ihre Prognose. Der positive Einfluß der IORT läßt sich aus der Gruppe der Patienten mit Rezidiven ableiten, bei denen sich die Prognose als relativ unabhängig vom Resektionsgrad zeigte. Die intraoperative Strahlenbehandlung mit dem High-dose-rate-Afterloadingverfahren («Münchner Flab-Methode») erwies sich als einfache, sichere und nebenwirkungsfreie Applikationsform für die IORTCopyright © 1995 S. Karger AG, Basel
Downsizing as a change management strategy has been adopted by companies and governmental agencie... more Downsizing as a change management strategy has been adopted by companies and governmental agencies since the 1970s. While workforce reductions were utilized mainly in response to organizational and economic crises prior to the mid-1980s, downsizing developed into a proactive restructuring strategy of choice for a multitude of organizations in the mid-to late-1980s. Since then, downsizing has transformed the corporate landscape and changed the lives of hundreds of millions of individuals around the world. While downsizing has attracted a lot of attention in academic circles, the business community, and the popular media, many misconceptions and mysteries surrounding the phenomenon have remained. This research study presents an overview of the reported financial, organizational, and human consequences following the conduct of downsizing. More importantly, the paper draws out implications for practicing managers and showcases four downsizing lessons that need to be considered by executives contemplating the adoption of downsizing.
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008
To what extent do tree growth, mortality, and longterm disturbance patterns affect stand structur... more To what extent do tree growth, mortality, and longterm disturbance patterns affect stand structure and composition of an old-growth Picea abies forest? Location: Boreal Sweden. Methods: We linked data from three 50 m × 50 m permanent plots established in 1986 with dendrochronology data to evaluate tree growth and mortality over an 18-year period and to describe a several-hundred-year disturbance history for this forest type. Results: Averaged over all diameters, P. abies trees had an annual mortality rate of 0.60%; however, diameter had a striking effect on both growth and mortality, with trees of intermediate diameters (ca. 20-30 cm) showing faster growth and lower mortality. Their increased vigor gave rise to a diameter distribution resembling the 'rotated sigmoid' (not reverse-J) proposed for such conditions, and it led to a deficit of snags of intermediate diameters. Slow-growing trees had an increased likelihood of dying. Although recruitment occurred in most decades over the past 400 years, two prominent recruitment peaks occurred (mid 1700s and 1800s), neither of which appeared to cause a shift in tree species composition. The lack of fire evidence suggests that fire was not responsible for these recruitment peaks. Conclusions: Taken together, these results depict a rather impassive system, where canopy trees die slowly over decades. Field observations suggest that fungal infections, mediated by wind, account for much of the mortality during these periods of relative quiescence. However, these periods are at times punctuated by moderate-severity disturbances that foster abundant recruitment.
Chirurgische Gastroenterologie, 1995
Zusammenfassung Die in München entwickelte Methode zum Einsatz des Afterloadingverfahrens für die... more Zusammenfassung Die in München entwickelte Methode zum Einsatz des Afterloadingverfahrens für die intraoperative Strahlentherapie wurde in ein multimodales Therapiekonzept für das fortgeschrittene Rektumkarzinom eingebunden. Für die nach dem klinischen Staging voraussichtlich R0-resektablen Patienten (n=15) wurde nach Operation und intraoperativer Radiotherapie (IORT) eine postoperative Radio-/Chemotherapie konzipiert, für primär wahrscheinlich nicht R0-resektable Patienten (n=16) hyperfraktionierte, präoperative Radio-/Chemotherapie mit nachfolgender Operation und IORT. Die Ergebnisse der letzten Gruppe zeigen einen auffällig niedrigen Anteil an nodal positiven Patienten (3/11) mit Primärtumoren, in 10 von 11 Fallen konnte ein Down-Staging des Tumors um einen Grad erreicht werden, und entsprechend gelang bei 10 von 11 Patienten eine R0-Resektion. Die postoperativ behandelten Patienten wiesen eine relativ hohe Anzahl an nodal positiven histopathologischen Befunden auf (4/5) bei den Primärtumorpatienten, entsprechend schlecht erwies sich ihre Prognose. Der positive Einfluß der IORT läßt sich aus der Gruppe der Patienten mit Rezidiven ableiten, bei denen sich die Prognose als relativ unabhängig vom Resektionsgrad zeigte. Die intraoperative Strahlenbehandlung mit dem High-dose-rate-Afterloadingverfahren («Münchner Flab-Methode») erwies sich als einfache, sichere und nebenwirkungsfreie Applikationsform für die IORTCopyright © 1995 S. Karger AG, Basel
Downsizing as a change management strategy has been adopted by companies and governmental agencie... more Downsizing as a change management strategy has been adopted by companies and governmental agencies since the 1970s. While workforce reductions were utilized mainly in response to organizational and economic crises prior to the mid-1980s, downsizing developed into a proactive restructuring strategy of choice for a multitude of organizations in the mid-to late-1980s. Since then, downsizing has transformed the corporate landscape and changed the lives of hundreds of millions of individuals around the world. While downsizing has attracted a lot of attention in academic circles, the business community, and the popular media, many misconceptions and mysteries surrounding the phenomenon have remained. This research study presents an overview of the reported financial, organizational, and human consequences following the conduct of downsizing. More importantly, the paper draws out implications for practicing managers and showcases four downsizing lessons that need to be considered by executives contemplating the adoption of downsizing.
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008
To what extent do tree growth, mortality, and longterm disturbance patterns affect stand structur... more To what extent do tree growth, mortality, and longterm disturbance patterns affect stand structure and composition of an old-growth Picea abies forest? Location: Boreal Sweden. Methods: We linked data from three 50 m × 50 m permanent plots established in 1986 with dendrochronology data to evaluate tree growth and mortality over an 18-year period and to describe a several-hundred-year disturbance history for this forest type. Results: Averaged over all diameters, P. abies trees had an annual mortality rate of 0.60%; however, diameter had a striking effect on both growth and mortality, with trees of intermediate diameters (ca. 20-30 cm) showing faster growth and lower mortality. Their increased vigor gave rise to a diameter distribution resembling the 'rotated sigmoid' (not reverse-J) proposed for such conditions, and it led to a deficit of snags of intermediate diameters. Slow-growing trees had an increased likelihood of dying. Although recruitment occurred in most decades over the past 400 years, two prominent recruitment peaks occurred (mid 1700s and 1800s), neither of which appeared to cause a shift in tree species composition. The lack of fire evidence suggests that fire was not responsible for these recruitment peaks. Conclusions: Taken together, these results depict a rather impassive system, where canopy trees die slowly over decades. Field observations suggest that fungal infections, mediated by wind, account for much of the mortality during these periods of relative quiescence. However, these periods are at times punctuated by moderate-severity disturbances that foster abundant recruitment.