Ryoji Fukuda - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ryoji Fukuda

Mathematical expressions are originally graphical contents, and there are several methods to expr... more Mathematical expressions are originally graphical contents, and there are several methods to express them through text contents or voice outputs. However, these are sometimes difficult to understand because of the information structure. In this study, we considered a top-down expression structure for mathematical documents. We prepared four expression patterns, by using which the whole document can be expressed as a nested structure. We also defined an expression method similar to natural language, and its translation from manual explanation is not difficult. This expression can be automatically translated to our top-down expression. By using these expression methods, we could realize easier scientific communication without visual information. Yuki Toyosaka toyosaka@ip.kyusan-u.ac.jp Faculty of Infomation Science, Kyushu Sangyo University Japan Naoki Tamura v16e6010@oita-u.ac.jp Graduate School of Engineering, Oita University Japan contrast, it may be very difficult if many details ...

INFTY: an integrated OCR system for mathematical documents.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012

This paper propose expression rules to describe directed graphs for communication without visual ... more This paper propose expression rules to describe directed graphs for communication without visual information and corresponding explanation documents. The structures of directed graphs are often complicated especially when they describe visual contents. For the importance of the nodes and edges in these directed graphs, an evaluation method is proposed and this will simplify the structures of the graphs.

We are developing educational software to estimate the parameters of stochastic differential equa... more We are developing educational software to estimate the parameters of stochastic differential equations (SDE) using a single set of time series data. Our target equation is a linear SDE with constant coefficients, which is determined by four real parameters. In our previous version, for a single set of data, we obtained a single set of estimated parameters and suggestions to change them. In this study, we propose a method to give several sets of estimated parameters, assuming several situations for the first estimation. Then, we will be able to find a closer set of parameters, and the interactive estimation will be improved. fuzzy sets. Then, a t-norm corresponds to the intersection and a t-conorm corresponds to the union. Two-additive measures are obtained from linear regressions. All feature values are obtained by a modification of the process and four parameters. If the corresponding stochastic process is a solution of some SDE, the evaluation values should be small when the given...

We propose a method for expressing mathematical contents in elementary geometry. To realize simil... more We propose a method for expressing mathematical contents in elementary geometry. To realize similar scenarios when giving information elements in elementary geometry documents for people with visual disabilities, we assume that graphical elements are input by a handwriting system, and the recipient obtains several types of documents on demand. We therefore need some functions for making a document graph from several graphical elements. We define the expression rules for translation functions and the output document graphs. explanations or their own experience. Such figures may be reminders for corresponding properties. The total information given by the figure is a set of these concepts and properties. We call such a graph an ''explanation graph," and therefore, our software outputs an explanation graph for the graphical information. According to our objective, for a real-time use of supply information, the output must be constructed quickly. We prepared some functions ...

In this study, we consider the expression methods of mathematical documents, for which the receiv... more In this study, we consider the expression methods of mathematical documents, for which the receiver is visually impaired, and the supplier is his/her support. The structure of an information graph is an important factor for the accessibility of the documents in this situation. We developed a software tool to express this structure for support and a tool to access this document for the visually handicapped. Moreover, we consider the information element for which we need some extra explanations. Proceedings of the 20th Asian Technology Conference in Mathematics (Leshan, China, 2015)

We developed a software to plot vector data for a rough understanding of their distribution. For ... more We developed a software to plot vector data for a rough understanding of their distribution. For higher dimensional data, we created selection and change functions for view axes. Moreover, we analyzed approximation methods for determining the density of a vector distribution by using local information of vector data. In addition, we created a density viewer for vector distribution. Yuki Toyosaka toyosaka@ip.kyusan-u.ac.jp Faculty of Infomation Science, Kyushu Sangyo University Japan considered a 2-D partition by using the primary and secondary components, and every point was placed into some partition block. Next, we calculated distances of points near blocks. In engineering, it is important to analyze vector data to consider a problem, and for a university student, it is important for understanding multidimensional statistical concepts or properties, for example, to obtain a rough grasp of the distribution of raw data. In such situations, if the dimension is not less than two, we w...

For this report, we studied the applicability of gaze points for analyzing the priorities of elem... more For this report, we studied the applicability of gaze points for analyzing the priorities of elements in an explanation of mathematical concepts expressed through figures. There are many informational elements in a mathematical document, and we can understand some of them through the help of attached figures. In non-visual communication, we can obtain such elements through spoken text or tactile information, but can grasp only a few at a single time. Thus, we must rely on the applicability of gaze points for understanding human intentions. Takeshi Saitoh saitoh@ces.kyutech.ac.jp Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan sentences (properties, definitions, and so on) one at a time. The nodes of our information graph are therefore small sentences, which we call ''explanatory elements,'' or simply, ''explanations,'' in the sequel. If such explanations are given verbally, through voice or braille output, a person with visual disability can grasp them. In a mat...

In this study, we developed a graphical input system for expressing elementary geometry in non-vi... more In this study, we developed a graphical input system for expressing elementary geometry in non-visual communication. In geometry, figures contain various pieces of information , that are expressed by positional relations between pares of elements. Understanding this communication is done subconsciously among sighted persons using, for example, handwritte figures. We analyze these tasks and recognized their intentions based on the hand-written curves. line segment, triangle, quadrangle, and circle. Essential contents consist of the element type(properties) and the relations among them. There are many types and relations, and we cannot grasp all of them. In this study we selected and created some functions for decision-making and input. The user's input intentions appear in the written input curves. We analyzed and evaluated these intentions to create decision and input functions. 2. Expression of Graphical Information We focus on elementary geometric figures, where informational ...

We define several types of decomposition type non-linear integrals. These are classified by the d... more We define several types of decomposition type non-linear integrals. These are classified by the direction of approximation(from above or below), the set family types (partition or covering) of simple functions, the coefficient signature (nonnegative or signed), and cardinal number of terms of simple functions(finite or countable infinite). We will compare these integrals considering the monotone increasing/decreasing convergence theorems.

In this study we attempt to determine the area of a mathematical document on which a person is co... more In this study we attempt to determine the area of a mathematical document on which a person is concentrating, using the movements of their eyes. Training data using this analysis were created using a gaze-point extraction method. There are thousands of image files generated by a movie. We also developed a software tool to determine an adequate area for each image file. Our results will be valid for the analysis human intention when a person reads a mathematical document. Kenji Kawata, Takeshi Saitoh saitoh@ces.kyutech.ac.jp Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan Proceedings of the 20th Asian Technology Conference in Mathematics (Leshan, China, 2015)

Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, 2021

Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 2011

We propose a novel quantization method for human likelihood or preference using rank data. We est... more We propose a novel quantization method for human likelihood or preference using rank data. We estimate an evaluation function by assuming that the data is sorted on the basis of observed function values and that the observation includes some errors. We use the difference in the rank order to estimate the corresponding function. Then, its performance will vary depending on the settings. Our data are normally distributed random numbers. First, function values are given as normally distributed random numbers, and after that, observed values are given by adding normally distributed random errors. The performance will depend on the difference in the variances of two normal distributions: for the function values and for the error values. We present a test to evaluate the proposed method by using random data.

We designed a hand writing input system as a dictation tool to support hearing-impaired students ... more We designed a hand writing input system as a dictation tool to support hearing-impaired students in class. As numerous references to formulae and figures even during conversations in a mathematics class,a handwriting input system is very useful. As these tasks require promptness , we designed some special edit functions to input content using premade one. Moreover to adjust to individual usability, we designed a function to suggest improving the system parameters.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

In this report, we will explain our handwriting input system for mathematical graphs on the xy-pl... more In this report, we will explain our handwriting input system for mathematical graphs on the xy-plane. One can input graphs by hand, and can store them as XML documents. These documents will be available not only for ordinary people but also for people with visual impairment.

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics, 2011

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics, 2019

Technical report of IEICE. PRMU, 2004

Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, 2020

Pan and concave integrals are division-type nonlinear integrals defined on a monotone measure spa... more Pan and concave integrals are division-type nonlinear integrals defined on a monotone measure space. These satisfy the monotone increasing convergence theorem under reasonable conditions. However, the monotone decreasing convergence theorem for these integrals was proved only under limited conditions. In this study we consider the kadditive monotone measure on a non-discrete measurable space, and argue this property of Pan and concave integrals on a k-additive monotone measure space.

Mathematical expressions are originally graphical contents, and there are several methods to expr... more Mathematical expressions are originally graphical contents, and there are several methods to express them through text contents or voice outputs. However, these are sometimes difficult to understand because of the information structure. In this study, we considered a top-down expression structure for mathematical documents. We prepared four expression patterns, by using which the whole document can be expressed as a nested structure. We also defined an expression method similar to natural language, and its translation from manual explanation is not difficult. This expression can be automatically translated to our top-down expression. By using these expression methods, we could realize easier scientific communication without visual information. Yuki Toyosaka toyosaka@ip.kyusan-u.ac.jp Faculty of Infomation Science, Kyushu Sangyo University Japan Naoki Tamura v16e6010@oita-u.ac.jp Graduate School of Engineering, Oita University Japan contrast, it may be very difficult if many details ...

INFTY: an integrated OCR system for mathematical documents.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012

This paper propose expression rules to describe directed graphs for communication without visual ... more This paper propose expression rules to describe directed graphs for communication without visual information and corresponding explanation documents. The structures of directed graphs are often complicated especially when they describe visual contents. For the importance of the nodes and edges in these directed graphs, an evaluation method is proposed and this will simplify the structures of the graphs.

We are developing educational software to estimate the parameters of stochastic differential equa... more We are developing educational software to estimate the parameters of stochastic differential equations (SDE) using a single set of time series data. Our target equation is a linear SDE with constant coefficients, which is determined by four real parameters. In our previous version, for a single set of data, we obtained a single set of estimated parameters and suggestions to change them. In this study, we propose a method to give several sets of estimated parameters, assuming several situations for the first estimation. Then, we will be able to find a closer set of parameters, and the interactive estimation will be improved. fuzzy sets. Then, a t-norm corresponds to the intersection and a t-conorm corresponds to the union. Two-additive measures are obtained from linear regressions. All feature values are obtained by a modification of the process and four parameters. If the corresponding stochastic process is a solution of some SDE, the evaluation values should be small when the given...

We propose a method for expressing mathematical contents in elementary geometry. To realize simil... more We propose a method for expressing mathematical contents in elementary geometry. To realize similar scenarios when giving information elements in elementary geometry documents for people with visual disabilities, we assume that graphical elements are input by a handwriting system, and the recipient obtains several types of documents on demand. We therefore need some functions for making a document graph from several graphical elements. We define the expression rules for translation functions and the output document graphs. explanations or their own experience. Such figures may be reminders for corresponding properties. The total information given by the figure is a set of these concepts and properties. We call such a graph an ''explanation graph," and therefore, our software outputs an explanation graph for the graphical information. According to our objective, for a real-time use of supply information, the output must be constructed quickly. We prepared some functions ...

In this study, we consider the expression methods of mathematical documents, for which the receiv... more In this study, we consider the expression methods of mathematical documents, for which the receiver is visually impaired, and the supplier is his/her support. The structure of an information graph is an important factor for the accessibility of the documents in this situation. We developed a software tool to express this structure for support and a tool to access this document for the visually handicapped. Moreover, we consider the information element for which we need some extra explanations. Proceedings of the 20th Asian Technology Conference in Mathematics (Leshan, China, 2015)

We developed a software to plot vector data for a rough understanding of their distribution. For ... more We developed a software to plot vector data for a rough understanding of their distribution. For higher dimensional data, we created selection and change functions for view axes. Moreover, we analyzed approximation methods for determining the density of a vector distribution by using local information of vector data. In addition, we created a density viewer for vector distribution. Yuki Toyosaka toyosaka@ip.kyusan-u.ac.jp Faculty of Infomation Science, Kyushu Sangyo University Japan considered a 2-D partition by using the primary and secondary components, and every point was placed into some partition block. Next, we calculated distances of points near blocks. In engineering, it is important to analyze vector data to consider a problem, and for a university student, it is important for understanding multidimensional statistical concepts or properties, for example, to obtain a rough grasp of the distribution of raw data. In such situations, if the dimension is not less than two, we w...

For this report, we studied the applicability of gaze points for analyzing the priorities of elem... more For this report, we studied the applicability of gaze points for analyzing the priorities of elements in an explanation of mathematical concepts expressed through figures. There are many informational elements in a mathematical document, and we can understand some of them through the help of attached figures. In non-visual communication, we can obtain such elements through spoken text or tactile information, but can grasp only a few at a single time. Thus, we must rely on the applicability of gaze points for understanding human intentions. Takeshi Saitoh saitoh@ces.kyutech.ac.jp Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan sentences (properties, definitions, and so on) one at a time. The nodes of our information graph are therefore small sentences, which we call ''explanatory elements,'' or simply, ''explanations,'' in the sequel. If such explanations are given verbally, through voice or braille output, a person with visual disability can grasp them. In a mat...

In this study, we developed a graphical input system for expressing elementary geometry in non-vi... more In this study, we developed a graphical input system for expressing elementary geometry in non-visual communication. In geometry, figures contain various pieces of information , that are expressed by positional relations between pares of elements. Understanding this communication is done subconsciously among sighted persons using, for example, handwritte figures. We analyze these tasks and recognized their intentions based on the hand-written curves. line segment, triangle, quadrangle, and circle. Essential contents consist of the element type(properties) and the relations among them. There are many types and relations, and we cannot grasp all of them. In this study we selected and created some functions for decision-making and input. The user's input intentions appear in the written input curves. We analyzed and evaluated these intentions to create decision and input functions. 2. Expression of Graphical Information We focus on elementary geometric figures, where informational ...

We define several types of decomposition type non-linear integrals. These are classified by the d... more We define several types of decomposition type non-linear integrals. These are classified by the direction of approximation(from above or below), the set family types (partition or covering) of simple functions, the coefficient signature (nonnegative or signed), and cardinal number of terms of simple functions(finite or countable infinite). We will compare these integrals considering the monotone increasing/decreasing convergence theorems.

In this study we attempt to determine the area of a mathematical document on which a person is co... more In this study we attempt to determine the area of a mathematical document on which a person is concentrating, using the movements of their eyes. Training data using this analysis were created using a gaze-point extraction method. There are thousands of image files generated by a movie. We also developed a software tool to determine an adequate area for each image file. Our results will be valid for the analysis human intention when a person reads a mathematical document. Kenji Kawata, Takeshi Saitoh saitoh@ces.kyutech.ac.jp Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan Proceedings of the 20th Asian Technology Conference in Mathematics (Leshan, China, 2015)

Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, 2021

Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 2011

We propose a novel quantization method for human likelihood or preference using rank data. We est... more We propose a novel quantization method for human likelihood or preference using rank data. We estimate an evaluation function by assuming that the data is sorted on the basis of observed function values and that the observation includes some errors. We use the difference in the rank order to estimate the corresponding function. Then, its performance will vary depending on the settings. Our data are normally distributed random numbers. First, function values are given as normally distributed random numbers, and after that, observed values are given by adding normally distributed random errors. The performance will depend on the difference in the variances of two normal distributions: for the function values and for the error values. We present a test to evaluate the proposed method by using random data.

We designed a hand writing input system as a dictation tool to support hearing-impaired students ... more We designed a hand writing input system as a dictation tool to support hearing-impaired students in class. As numerous references to formulae and figures even during conversations in a mathematics class,a handwriting input system is very useful. As these tasks require promptness , we designed some special edit functions to input content using premade one. Moreover to adjust to individual usability, we designed a function to suggest improving the system parameters.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

In this report, we will explain our handwriting input system for mathematical graphs on the xy-pl... more In this report, we will explain our handwriting input system for mathematical graphs on the xy-plane. One can input graphs by hand, and can store them as XML documents. These documents will be available not only for ordinary people but also for people with visual impairment.

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics, 2011

Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics, 2019

Technical report of IEICE. PRMU, 2004

Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, 2020

Pan and concave integrals are division-type nonlinear integrals defined on a monotone measure spa... more Pan and concave integrals are division-type nonlinear integrals defined on a monotone measure space. These satisfy the monotone increasing convergence theorem under reasonable conditions. However, the monotone decreasing convergence theorem for these integrals was proved only under limited conditions. In this study we consider the kadditive monotone measure on a non-discrete measurable space, and argue this property of Pan and concave integrals on a k-additive monotone measure space.