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Papers by SANJAY RASTOGI

Frontiers in Surgery, Mar 25, 2022

Background: Increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) caused by hyperglycemia makes it ne... more Background: Increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) caused by hyperglycemia makes it necessary to follow perioperative glucose lowering strategies to reduce postoperative complications. A meta-analysis was conducted to understand the efficacy of intensive vs. conventional blood glucose lowering regimens on the incidence of SSIs and hypoglycemia from various randomized controlled studies (RCTs). Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and Central databases for RCTs that involved intensive (lower blood glucose target levels) vs. conventional (higher blood glucose target levels) strategies in patients undergoing various types of surgeries. The primary outcomes were SSIs or postoperative wound infections. Hypoglycemia and mortality outcomes were also studied. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR), and subgroup analyses were performed. Results: A total of 29 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis with the information from 14,126 patients. A reduction in overall incidence of SSIs was found (RR 0.63, 0.50-0.80, p = 0.0002, I 2 = 56%). Subgroup analyses showed that intensive insulin regimens decreased the risk of SSIs in patients with diabetes, in cardiac and abdominal surgical procedures, and during the intraoperative and postoperative phases of surgery. However, the risk of hypoglycemia and mortality was increased in the intensive group compared to the conventional group. Conclusion: The results of the meta-analysis provide support for the use of intensive insulin regimens during the perioperative phase for decreasing the incidence of SSIs in certain patient populations and surgical categories.

Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2019

Objectives: To appraise the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the management of esta... more Objectives: To appraise the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the management of established dry socket in terms of pain, inflammation, and wound healing. Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients with established alveolar osteitis were studied to determine the efficacy of PRF and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) for pain control, inflammation reduction, and wound healing. Patients were randomly allocated to Group A (PRF) or Group B (ZOE). Patients were examined on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th postoperative day and evaluated for pain using visual analogue scale scores, inflammation with a gingival index score, and wound healing through a determination of the number of bony walls exposed. Results: Group A showed better results in terms of pain remission, control of inflammation, and wound healing compared to Group B. Results between groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: PRF is a better alternative than ZOE for the effective management of alveolar osteitis.

European journal of dentistry

To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction so... more To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction socket related with established alveolar osteitis (dry socket, AO) after the removal of maxillary and mandibular molars. One hundred consecutive adult patients with age group ranging from 18 to 40 years along with established dry socket after maxillary and mandibular molar extractions who have not received any treatment for the same were included in this single-arm clinical trial. PRF was placed in the maxillary and mandibular molar extraction sockets after adequate irrigation of the socket. All the patients evaluated for the various study variables which include pain, degree of inflammation, and healthy granulation tissue formation (wound healing) at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th post-PRF placement day in the alveolar socket. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk's test, Chi-square test and/or Student's t-test, Friedman's test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Bonferroni test, wit...

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2017

To assess the efficacy of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction so... more To assess the efficacy of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction socket associated with Alveolar Osteitis (Dry Socket, AO) after removal of maxillary and mandibular molars. Study design: 100 adult patients with age group ranging from 18 to 40 years along with established dry socket after maxillary and mandibular molar extractions who have not received any treatment for the same were included in the study. PRF was placed in the maxillary and mandibular molar extraction sockets after adequate irrigation of the socket. All the patients evaluated for the various study variables which include pain, degree of inflammation, and healthy granulation tissue formation at 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th post operative day. Data were analyzed using Shapirowilk's test, chi square test and/or student-t test, Friedman's test, Wilcoxson's signed rank test, and Bonferroni test, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: There was significant reduction in pain associated with AO at the 3rd and 7th postoperative day along with better wound healing by the end of 2nd week. Conclusion: Use of PRF in this study illustrates the promising results in terms of reduced pain and better healing in the patients with Alveolar Osteitits.

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2017

To evaluate the fracture resistance and mode of failure of maxillary premolars restorations resto... more To evaluate the fracture resistance and mode of failure of maxillary premolars restorations restored with nanohybrid Composite, ORMOCER and Ceramic Inlays. Materials and method: 100 extracted first maxillary premolar were collected. Samples were divided into five groups. Group I-Intact premolars, Group II-MOD cavities without restorations, Group III-MOD cavities restored with composite restoration, GROUP IV-MOD cavities restored with ORMOCER restoration and GROUP V-MOD cavities restored with ceramic inlays. All the samples were sent for the axial compression test under the universal testing machine. Fracture resistance and fracture modes were recorded. Result: Highest fracture resistance was achieved in Group V (1324.74 AE 336.78) almost comparable to that of natural tooth (1381.07 AE 259.36) (p < 0.05), followed by Group IV (MOD cavities with ORMOCER restorations) (1082.27 AE 351.27) (p < 0.01) and least fracture resistance in Group III (MOD cavities with composite restorations) (778.35 AE 100.25) (p < 0.0001). Mode of fracture in Group IV and Group V are almost similar and In Group III 65% of the cases showed non-restorable fractures. Conclusion: ORMOCER fracture resistance along with other groups of clinically restorable fracture stand better than Nanohybrid composite. Clinical Relevance: Based on the present study, the dentist can utilize the ORMOCER material as a restoration material for the cavities of posterior teeth which is better in terms of fracture resistance and durability of the restoration when compare to nanohybrid composite.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 2011

AL-YAMAMAH HOSPITAL AND DAV DENTAL COLLEGE Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) refers to several inhe... more AL-YAMAMAH HOSPITAL AND DAV DENTAL COLLEGE Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) refers to several inherited disorders of iron metabolism leading to tissue iron overload. Classical HH is associated with mutations in HFE (C282Y homozygotes or C282Y/H63D compound heterozygotes) and is almost exclusively found in populations of northern European descent. Non-HFE-associated HH is caused by mutations in other recently identified genes involved in iron metabolism. Hepcidin is an iron regulatory hormone that inhibits ferroportin-mediated iron export from enterocytes and macrophages. Defective hepcidin gene expression or function may underlie most forms of HH. Target organs and tissues affected by HH include the liver, heart, pancreas, joints, and skin, with cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus representing late signs of disease in patients with markedly elevated liver iron concentration. Recently, we have encountered the rare representation of this disease of the oral cavity associated with generalized burning sensation of the tongue. The diagnosis was established accidently, from the lab investigations, otherwise the patient was healthy and free from classical signs and symptoms of the disease. The patient was adequately treated by phlebotomy. To conclude, all patients with a chief complaint of burning sensation of the oral cavity and tongue should be adequately screened for hereditary hemochromatosis to prevent the associated mortality and morbidity with the hemochromatosis. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;111:e1-e5)

Indian Journal of Dental Research, 2012

The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable flap for use in the reconstructio... more The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable flap for use in the reconstruction of various soft-tissue defects of the head and neck. This flap has gained great popularity due to its versatility, ability for a two-team approach, and minimal donor site morbidity. However, it has not met the same enthusiasm in the armamentarium of Maxillofacial Surgeons due to its relative difficulty in perforator dissection, reported variations of the vascular anatomy, and the presumed increased thickness of the anterolateral thigh tissue. These obstacles may be overcome by increased surgical experience and by the ability to create a thinner suprafacial flap or thinning the flap after it has been obtained. We have described the versatility of this flap for the reconstruction of the through and through defect of cheek following cancer ablation along with difficulties in raising flap.

Asian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2002

Abstract Osteochondroma, a common osteocartilagenous tumour of the axial and appendicular skeleto... more Abstract Osteochondroma, a common osteocartilagenous tumour of the axial and appendicular skeleton, rarely occurs in the mandibular condyle. This paper is the first report of an osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle in a Chinese female. The patient presented with a painful, hard, bony swelling in the left preauricular region. The treatment selected was condylectomy without reconstruction and a good outcome was achieved. Condylectomy with or without reconstruction is the most commonly used treatment for osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle and achieves a good outcome.

Medical Ultrasonography, 2022

Aim: To assess chest ultrasound (US) diagnostic accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosing. Material and... more Aim: To assess chest ultrasound (US) diagnostic accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosing. Material and methods: Prospec-tive studies related to the US pneumothorax diagnostic accuracy in trauma patients were extensively searched from 2000 up to November 2020. The studies features and findings were gathered using a standardised form and the methodological quality of the investigations was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2).Results:Twelve articles were finally chosen for quantitative analysis. The overall sensitivity of US scan in pneumothorax diagnosis was 89% (95%CI 86-91%). Specificity was 96% (95%CI 95-97%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 193.94 (59.009-637.40) at 95%CI, thus demonstrating high chest US accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosis.Conclusion: Despite the limitations of the included studies, this systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that chest US is a reliable method for diagnosing pneu-mothorax in traumatized patients.

Aims: A commonly encountered problem in emergency care is pneumothorax, identified by air present... more Aims: A commonly encountered problem in emergency care is pneumothorax, identified by air present in pleural space, occurring spontaneously, principally because of trauma or pathogenic factors like a central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation, and biopsy. Employing Chest ultrasound for diagnosing pneumothorax in an emergency is currently investigated by many researchers. The present meta-analysis aimed to assess Chest ultrasound’s diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing the pneumothorax during emergencies. Material and Methods: Literature search of published articles in MEDLINE, Embase, Ovid, Scopus, and Journal on web databases from 2000 up to November 2020 were reviewed for the pre-described outcomes. Results: 12 articles were finally chosen for quantitative analysis. The overall sensitivity of ultrasound scan in pneumothorax diagnosis was 89% (95 % CI – 86 – 91%). Specificity was 96% (CI – 95% – 97%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 193.94 (59.009 – 637.40) at 95% CI, thus demonstra...

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2021

This research aimed to compare the effects of systemically prescribed Lycopene as a monotherapy a... more This research aimed to compare the effects of systemically prescribed Lycopene as a monotherapy and as an alternative to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic gingivitis. Materials and methods: The participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: the experimental group (n = 50), which received 10 mg of Lycopene a day for two weeks, or the control group (n = 50) received a placebo for two weeks. For each category, quadrant distribution was randomized, with two quadrants receiving oral prophylaxis (OP) and two quadrants receiving no care (non-OP). At baseline, 1st, and 2nd weeks, the sulcus bleeding index, plaque index, gingival index, and salivary uric acid level were measured. Results: All clinical criteria, including SBI, PI, GI, and salivary uric acid levels, showed a statistically significant decline in all patient types. Both clinical parameters were significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in the OP-lycopene group relative to the non-OP-placebo group and non-OP lycopene group (p < 0.05). The PI value in the OPlycopene group was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the non-OP-placebo group; there was no statistically significant difference in the other groups. Salivary uric acid levels in the OP-and non-OPlycopene groups were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the non-OP-placebo population. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, Lycopene seems to have a bright future as a treatment option for plaque-induced generalized chronic marginal gingivitis. More research with a broad sample size and multicentre trials is required. Clinical relevance: The article reveals the positive relationship between Lycopene and gingivitis. The analysis shows that a combination of systemically administered Lycopene with oral prophylaxis can be a valuable tool in treating chronic gingivitis and controlling respiratory oxidative stress.

Dentistry, 2018

Introduction: Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. It is not an uncommon lesion yet ... more Introduction: Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. It is not an uncommon lesion yet in certain conditions it can lead to complications if left untreated. They are usually asymptomatic and are often discovered during routine radiography. Treatment consists of simple enucleation of the mass. The main purpose of the case series to report occurrence of infected odontomes which is clinically mimics the mandibular third molar infection with extra oral fistula formation. Material and method: 10 cases of odontomas were analyzed on the basis of age, gender, location, radiological features, histopathological features, and prognosis. In all the cases, surgical enucleation was done. Result: Out of 10 patients, 5 were male patient and 5 were female patients. 6 cases were of complex odontomas and 4 cases were of compound odontomas. Out of ten cases, 4 cases were associated with pus formation and extra-oral fistula formation in posterior mandibular region. Complex odontomas mostly found in the anterior maxilla, compound odontomas are mostly found in the posterior mandible. Conclusion: Odontomas could be related to missing or impacted tooth. Infected Complex odontomas can also erupt intraorally or extraorally which confuses the diagnosis during clinical examination and can only confirm by radiological examination.

Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2017

Prior to the advent of efficacious antimicrobial agents, the mortality rate from cavernous sinus ... more Prior to the advent of efficacious antimicrobial agents, the mortality rate from cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) was effectively 100%. There have been very few reports of CST associated with tooth extraction. A 40-year-old female presented to the emergency room with swelling over the right side of the face and history of extraction in the upper right region by an unregistered dental practitioner. The patient presented with diplopia, periorbital ecchymosis, and chemosis of the right eye. A computed tomography scan revealed venous dilatation of the right superior ophthalmic vein. The patient was immediately treated with incision and drainage, intravenous antibiotics, and heparin (low molecular weight). Unfortunately, the patient died two days after surgery due to complications from the disease. CST is a rare disease with a high mortality rate. Therefore, dental health education in rural areas, legal action against unregistered dental practitioners, early diagnosis, and aggressive ant...

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, 2017

The aim of this prospective study was to appraise the role of embrasure wiring in the treatment o... more The aim of this prospective study was to appraise the role of embrasure wiring in the treatment of mandibular fractures over the arch bar as adjunctive techniques of maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). This study was conducted on 40 patients who were surgically treated for mandibular fractures with accessory use of MMF (embrasure: group A vs. arch bars: group B). All patients were evaluated for demographic data, etiology, and location of fracture. Characteristically, the complications, including wire injury, infection, and malocclusion, were recorded. The data were analyzed using Student's t-test and chi-square test as appropriate. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05). In this study, data from 40 patients were included. In group A (embrasure wiring), time required for placement of MMF was significantly less than (7.85 ± 0.81 minutes) that in group B, and also there was less incidence of wire prick to the operator in group A than in group B ( p < 0.05). However, in t...

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, 2017

The aim of this simple nonrandomized and observational study was to evaluate the efficacy of sing... more The aim of this simple nonrandomized and observational study was to evaluate the efficacy of single three-dimensional (3D) plate for the treatment of mandibular angle fractures without maxillomandibular fixation. A total of 30 patients with noncomminuted fractures of mandibular angle requiring open reduction and internal fixation were included in the study. All the patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using single 3D titanium locking miniplate placed with the help of transbuccal trocar or Synthes 90-degree hand piece and screw driver. 3D locking titanium miniplates used in our study was four-holed, box-shaped plate, and screws with 2 mm diameter and 8 mm length. The following clinical parameters were assessed for each patient at each follow-up visit: pain (visual analog scale: 0–5), swelling (visual analog scale: 0–5), mouth opening, infection, paresthesia, hardware failure (plate fracture), occlusal discrepancies, and mobility between fracture fragments. A ...

International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, Nov 23, 2014

Impression making for all fixed prostheses requires access to the prosthetic margin while minimal... more Impression making for all fixed prostheses requires access to the prosthetic margin while minimally traumatizing the tissue, so that clinicians can provide as much clinical information as possible This information allows the technician to design the prosthesis to meet the criteria of the periodontium and allow the gingival tissues to recover to their original state. The procedures used to retract the gingiva are either mechanical, chemicomechanical or surgical. The mechanical techniques may use copper bands and ring collars. Another technique uses retraction cords, providing a gingival sulcus enlargement with or without using impregnated cords with haemostatic or astringent solutions. The final technique is the gingival surgery. It may use Ingraham's diamonds that simultaneously finish the subgingival preparation margins and make superficial epithelium curettage. The second procedure is electro-surgery which provides constant results when use, thereof, is well indicated. Finally lasers can also provide another possibility for surgical retraction. The purpose of this review article is to summarize available evidence with respect to current methods of gingival retraction and to provide the clinician with practical tips.

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, 2015

The objective of this study is to analyze the difference in bite forces in patients treated for m... more The objective of this study is to analyze the difference in bite forces in patients treated for mandibular fractures with 2.0 mm conventional and locking titanium plating system. A randomized study was performed for the treatment of fractures of mandible. In this study, 20 adult patients with isolated mandibular fracture were included. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups, that is, Group I-2.0 mm nonlocking (traditional) and Group II-2.0 mm locking plates. Bite force was evaluated at 1st, 3rd, and 6th weeks. Comparison of all the assessed parameters between both the groups depicted no significant difference in terms of pain, swelling including the incidence of infection, paresthesia, and hardware failure. Although same was true in case of bite force between both the groups at various time intervals, there was statistically significant increase in the bite force within the group comprising patients in whom locking plates was used between 1st and 3rd weeks follow-up pe...

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2015

mining the incidence and dictating the patterns of mandibular fractures in Rohilkhand region. Met... more mining the incidence and dictating the patterns of mandibular fractures in Rohilkhand region. Methods: The patient records and radiographs for 144 patients treated for mandibular fractures were reviewed between the time periods from January 2012 to December 2013. Data on age, gender, aetiology, use of intoxicants, head injury, associated injuries, days of the week, anatomic site and multiple fractures within the mandible were recorded and assessed. Results: Maximum incidence of fractures was observed among the individuals in 3rd decade (35.4%) followed by 2nd and 4th decades, which exhibited 32 and 30 cases (22.2% and 20.8%), respectively. Male to female ratio was biased (4:1) portraying a male predominance. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were observed to be the predominant aetiological factor responsible accounting for 79.2% of the total injuries followed by assaults (11.8%) and falls (9%). Parasymphysis exhibited the highest incidence (32.63%) amongst the anatomic sites, followed by body (18.75%), angle (16.66%), condyle (15.27%), symphysis (12.50%), ramus (2.77%) and coronoid (1.38%).

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015

Journal of medicine and life, 2013

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is defined as sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing recur... more Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is defined as sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing recurrent episodes of pain within the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. It is the most frequent cranial neuralgia, the incidence being 1 per 1,000,00 persons per year. Pain attacks start abruptly and last several seconds but may persist 1 to 2 minutes. The attacks are initiated by non painful physical stimulation of specific areas (trigger points or zones) that are located ipsilateral to the pain. After each episode, there is usually a refractive period during which stimulation of the trigger zone will not induce the pain. According to the European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS) guidelines on neuropathic pain assessment and the American Academy of Neurology (AAN)-EFNS guidelines on TN management the neurophysiological recording of trigeminal reflexes represents the most useful and reliable test for the neurophysiological diagnosis of trigeminal pains. ...

Frontiers in Surgery, Mar 25, 2022

Background: Increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) caused by hyperglycemia makes it ne... more Background: Increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) caused by hyperglycemia makes it necessary to follow perioperative glucose lowering strategies to reduce postoperative complications. A meta-analysis was conducted to understand the efficacy of intensive vs. conventional blood glucose lowering regimens on the incidence of SSIs and hypoglycemia from various randomized controlled studies (RCTs). Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and Central databases for RCTs that involved intensive (lower blood glucose target levels) vs. conventional (higher blood glucose target levels) strategies in patients undergoing various types of surgeries. The primary outcomes were SSIs or postoperative wound infections. Hypoglycemia and mortality outcomes were also studied. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR), and subgroup analyses were performed. Results: A total of 29 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis with the information from 14,126 patients. A reduction in overall incidence of SSIs was found (RR 0.63, 0.50-0.80, p = 0.0002, I 2 = 56%). Subgroup analyses showed that intensive insulin regimens decreased the risk of SSIs in patients with diabetes, in cardiac and abdominal surgical procedures, and during the intraoperative and postoperative phases of surgery. However, the risk of hypoglycemia and mortality was increased in the intensive group compared to the conventional group. Conclusion: The results of the meta-analysis provide support for the use of intensive insulin regimens during the perioperative phase for decreasing the incidence of SSIs in certain patient populations and surgical categories.

Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2019

Objectives: To appraise the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the management of esta... more Objectives: To appraise the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the management of established dry socket in terms of pain, inflammation, and wound healing. Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients with established alveolar osteitis were studied to determine the efficacy of PRF and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) for pain control, inflammation reduction, and wound healing. Patients were randomly allocated to Group A (PRF) or Group B (ZOE). Patients were examined on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th postoperative day and evaluated for pain using visual analogue scale scores, inflammation with a gingival index score, and wound healing through a determination of the number of bony walls exposed. Results: Group A showed better results in terms of pain remission, control of inflammation, and wound healing compared to Group B. Results between groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: PRF is a better alternative than ZOE for the effective management of alveolar osteitis.

European journal of dentistry

To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction so... more To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction socket related with established alveolar osteitis (dry socket, AO) after the removal of maxillary and mandibular molars. One hundred consecutive adult patients with age group ranging from 18 to 40 years along with established dry socket after maxillary and mandibular molar extractions who have not received any treatment for the same were included in this single-arm clinical trial. PRF was placed in the maxillary and mandibular molar extraction sockets after adequate irrigation of the socket. All the patients evaluated for the various study variables which include pain, degree of inflammation, and healthy granulation tissue formation (wound healing) at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th post-PRF placement day in the alveolar socket. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk's test, Chi-square test and/or Student's t-test, Friedman's test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Bonferroni test, wit...

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2017

To assess the efficacy of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction so... more To assess the efficacy of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction socket associated with Alveolar Osteitis (Dry Socket, AO) after removal of maxillary and mandibular molars. Study design: 100 adult patients with age group ranging from 18 to 40 years along with established dry socket after maxillary and mandibular molar extractions who have not received any treatment for the same were included in the study. PRF was placed in the maxillary and mandibular molar extraction sockets after adequate irrigation of the socket. All the patients evaluated for the various study variables which include pain, degree of inflammation, and healthy granulation tissue formation at 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th post operative day. Data were analyzed using Shapirowilk's test, chi square test and/or student-t test, Friedman's test, Wilcoxson's signed rank test, and Bonferroni test, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: There was significant reduction in pain associated with AO at the 3rd and 7th postoperative day along with better wound healing by the end of 2nd week. Conclusion: Use of PRF in this study illustrates the promising results in terms of reduced pain and better healing in the patients with Alveolar Osteitits.

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2017

To evaluate the fracture resistance and mode of failure of maxillary premolars restorations resto... more To evaluate the fracture resistance and mode of failure of maxillary premolars restorations restored with nanohybrid Composite, ORMOCER and Ceramic Inlays. Materials and method: 100 extracted first maxillary premolar were collected. Samples were divided into five groups. Group I-Intact premolars, Group II-MOD cavities without restorations, Group III-MOD cavities restored with composite restoration, GROUP IV-MOD cavities restored with ORMOCER restoration and GROUP V-MOD cavities restored with ceramic inlays. All the samples were sent for the axial compression test under the universal testing machine. Fracture resistance and fracture modes were recorded. Result: Highest fracture resistance was achieved in Group V (1324.74 AE 336.78) almost comparable to that of natural tooth (1381.07 AE 259.36) (p < 0.05), followed by Group IV (MOD cavities with ORMOCER restorations) (1082.27 AE 351.27) (p < 0.01) and least fracture resistance in Group III (MOD cavities with composite restorations) (778.35 AE 100.25) (p < 0.0001). Mode of fracture in Group IV and Group V are almost similar and In Group III 65% of the cases showed non-restorable fractures. Conclusion: ORMOCER fracture resistance along with other groups of clinically restorable fracture stand better than Nanohybrid composite. Clinical Relevance: Based on the present study, the dentist can utilize the ORMOCER material as a restoration material for the cavities of posterior teeth which is better in terms of fracture resistance and durability of the restoration when compare to nanohybrid composite.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 2011

AL-YAMAMAH HOSPITAL AND DAV DENTAL COLLEGE Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) refers to several inhe... more AL-YAMAMAH HOSPITAL AND DAV DENTAL COLLEGE Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) refers to several inherited disorders of iron metabolism leading to tissue iron overload. Classical HH is associated with mutations in HFE (C282Y homozygotes or C282Y/H63D compound heterozygotes) and is almost exclusively found in populations of northern European descent. Non-HFE-associated HH is caused by mutations in other recently identified genes involved in iron metabolism. Hepcidin is an iron regulatory hormone that inhibits ferroportin-mediated iron export from enterocytes and macrophages. Defective hepcidin gene expression or function may underlie most forms of HH. Target organs and tissues affected by HH include the liver, heart, pancreas, joints, and skin, with cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus representing late signs of disease in patients with markedly elevated liver iron concentration. Recently, we have encountered the rare representation of this disease of the oral cavity associated with generalized burning sensation of the tongue. The diagnosis was established accidently, from the lab investigations, otherwise the patient was healthy and free from classical signs and symptoms of the disease. The patient was adequately treated by phlebotomy. To conclude, all patients with a chief complaint of burning sensation of the oral cavity and tongue should be adequately screened for hereditary hemochromatosis to prevent the associated mortality and morbidity with the hemochromatosis. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;111:e1-e5)

Indian Journal of Dental Research, 2012

The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable flap for use in the reconstructio... more The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable flap for use in the reconstruction of various soft-tissue defects of the head and neck. This flap has gained great popularity due to its versatility, ability for a two-team approach, and minimal donor site morbidity. However, it has not met the same enthusiasm in the armamentarium of Maxillofacial Surgeons due to its relative difficulty in perforator dissection, reported variations of the vascular anatomy, and the presumed increased thickness of the anterolateral thigh tissue. These obstacles may be overcome by increased surgical experience and by the ability to create a thinner suprafacial flap or thinning the flap after it has been obtained. We have described the versatility of this flap for the reconstruction of the through and through defect of cheek following cancer ablation along with difficulties in raising flap.

Asian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2002

Abstract Osteochondroma, a common osteocartilagenous tumour of the axial and appendicular skeleto... more Abstract Osteochondroma, a common osteocartilagenous tumour of the axial and appendicular skeleton, rarely occurs in the mandibular condyle. This paper is the first report of an osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle in a Chinese female. The patient presented with a painful, hard, bony swelling in the left preauricular region. The treatment selected was condylectomy without reconstruction and a good outcome was achieved. Condylectomy with or without reconstruction is the most commonly used treatment for osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle and achieves a good outcome.

Medical Ultrasonography, 2022

Aim: To assess chest ultrasound (US) diagnostic accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosing. Material and... more Aim: To assess chest ultrasound (US) diagnostic accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosing. Material and methods: Prospec-tive studies related to the US pneumothorax diagnostic accuracy in trauma patients were extensively searched from 2000 up to November 2020. The studies features and findings were gathered using a standardised form and the methodological quality of the investigations was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2).Results:Twelve articles were finally chosen for quantitative analysis. The overall sensitivity of US scan in pneumothorax diagnosis was 89% (95%CI 86-91%). Specificity was 96% (95%CI 95-97%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 193.94 (59.009-637.40) at 95%CI, thus demonstrating high chest US accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosis.Conclusion: Despite the limitations of the included studies, this systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that chest US is a reliable method for diagnosing pneu-mothorax in traumatized patients.

Aims: A commonly encountered problem in emergency care is pneumothorax, identified by air present... more Aims: A commonly encountered problem in emergency care is pneumothorax, identified by air present in pleural space, occurring spontaneously, principally because of trauma or pathogenic factors like a central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation, and biopsy. Employing Chest ultrasound for diagnosing pneumothorax in an emergency is currently investigated by many researchers. The present meta-analysis aimed to assess Chest ultrasound’s diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing the pneumothorax during emergencies. Material and Methods: Literature search of published articles in MEDLINE, Embase, Ovid, Scopus, and Journal on web databases from 2000 up to November 2020 were reviewed for the pre-described outcomes. Results: 12 articles were finally chosen for quantitative analysis. The overall sensitivity of ultrasound scan in pneumothorax diagnosis was 89% (95 % CI – 86 – 91%). Specificity was 96% (CI – 95% – 97%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 193.94 (59.009 – 637.40) at 95% CI, thus demonstra...

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2021

This research aimed to compare the effects of systemically prescribed Lycopene as a monotherapy a... more This research aimed to compare the effects of systemically prescribed Lycopene as a monotherapy and as an alternative to scaling and root planing in patients with chronic gingivitis. Materials and methods: The participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: the experimental group (n = 50), which received 10 mg of Lycopene a day for two weeks, or the control group (n = 50) received a placebo for two weeks. For each category, quadrant distribution was randomized, with two quadrants receiving oral prophylaxis (OP) and two quadrants receiving no care (non-OP). At baseline, 1st, and 2nd weeks, the sulcus bleeding index, plaque index, gingival index, and salivary uric acid level were measured. Results: All clinical criteria, including SBI, PI, GI, and salivary uric acid levels, showed a statistically significant decline in all patient types. Both clinical parameters were significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in the OP-lycopene group relative to the non-OP-placebo group and non-OP lycopene group (p < 0.05). The PI value in the OPlycopene group was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the non-OP-placebo group; there was no statistically significant difference in the other groups. Salivary uric acid levels in the OP-and non-OPlycopene groups were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the non-OP-placebo population. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, Lycopene seems to have a bright future as a treatment option for plaque-induced generalized chronic marginal gingivitis. More research with a broad sample size and multicentre trials is required. Clinical relevance: The article reveals the positive relationship between Lycopene and gingivitis. The analysis shows that a combination of systemically administered Lycopene with oral prophylaxis can be a valuable tool in treating chronic gingivitis and controlling respiratory oxidative stress.

Dentistry, 2018

Introduction: Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. It is not an uncommon lesion yet ... more Introduction: Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. It is not an uncommon lesion yet in certain conditions it can lead to complications if left untreated. They are usually asymptomatic and are often discovered during routine radiography. Treatment consists of simple enucleation of the mass. The main purpose of the case series to report occurrence of infected odontomes which is clinically mimics the mandibular third molar infection with extra oral fistula formation. Material and method: 10 cases of odontomas were analyzed on the basis of age, gender, location, radiological features, histopathological features, and prognosis. In all the cases, surgical enucleation was done. Result: Out of 10 patients, 5 were male patient and 5 were female patients. 6 cases were of complex odontomas and 4 cases were of compound odontomas. Out of ten cases, 4 cases were associated with pus formation and extra-oral fistula formation in posterior mandibular region. Complex odontomas mostly found in the anterior maxilla, compound odontomas are mostly found in the posterior mandible. Conclusion: Odontomas could be related to missing or impacted tooth. Infected Complex odontomas can also erupt intraorally or extraorally which confuses the diagnosis during clinical examination and can only confirm by radiological examination.

Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2017

Prior to the advent of efficacious antimicrobial agents, the mortality rate from cavernous sinus ... more Prior to the advent of efficacious antimicrobial agents, the mortality rate from cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) was effectively 100%. There have been very few reports of CST associated with tooth extraction. A 40-year-old female presented to the emergency room with swelling over the right side of the face and history of extraction in the upper right region by an unregistered dental practitioner. The patient presented with diplopia, periorbital ecchymosis, and chemosis of the right eye. A computed tomography scan revealed venous dilatation of the right superior ophthalmic vein. The patient was immediately treated with incision and drainage, intravenous antibiotics, and heparin (low molecular weight). Unfortunately, the patient died two days after surgery due to complications from the disease. CST is a rare disease with a high mortality rate. Therefore, dental health education in rural areas, legal action against unregistered dental practitioners, early diagnosis, and aggressive ant...

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, 2017

The aim of this prospective study was to appraise the role of embrasure wiring in the treatment o... more The aim of this prospective study was to appraise the role of embrasure wiring in the treatment of mandibular fractures over the arch bar as adjunctive techniques of maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). This study was conducted on 40 patients who were surgically treated for mandibular fractures with accessory use of MMF (embrasure: group A vs. arch bars: group B). All patients were evaluated for demographic data, etiology, and location of fracture. Characteristically, the complications, including wire injury, infection, and malocclusion, were recorded. The data were analyzed using Student's t-test and chi-square test as appropriate. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05). In this study, data from 40 patients were included. In group A (embrasure wiring), time required for placement of MMF was significantly less than (7.85 ± 0.81 minutes) that in group B, and also there was less incidence of wire prick to the operator in group A than in group B ( p < 0.05). However, in t...

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, 2017

The aim of this simple nonrandomized and observational study was to evaluate the efficacy of sing... more The aim of this simple nonrandomized and observational study was to evaluate the efficacy of single three-dimensional (3D) plate for the treatment of mandibular angle fractures without maxillomandibular fixation. A total of 30 patients with noncomminuted fractures of mandibular angle requiring open reduction and internal fixation were included in the study. All the patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using single 3D titanium locking miniplate placed with the help of transbuccal trocar or Synthes 90-degree hand piece and screw driver. 3D locking titanium miniplates used in our study was four-holed, box-shaped plate, and screws with 2 mm diameter and 8 mm length. The following clinical parameters were assessed for each patient at each follow-up visit: pain (visual analog scale: 0–5), swelling (visual analog scale: 0–5), mouth opening, infection, paresthesia, hardware failure (plate fracture), occlusal discrepancies, and mobility between fracture fragments. A ...

International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, Nov 23, 2014

Impression making for all fixed prostheses requires access to the prosthetic margin while minimal... more Impression making for all fixed prostheses requires access to the prosthetic margin while minimally traumatizing the tissue, so that clinicians can provide as much clinical information as possible This information allows the technician to design the prosthesis to meet the criteria of the periodontium and allow the gingival tissues to recover to their original state. The procedures used to retract the gingiva are either mechanical, chemicomechanical or surgical. The mechanical techniques may use copper bands and ring collars. Another technique uses retraction cords, providing a gingival sulcus enlargement with or without using impregnated cords with haemostatic or astringent solutions. The final technique is the gingival surgery. It may use Ingraham's diamonds that simultaneously finish the subgingival preparation margins and make superficial epithelium curettage. The second procedure is electro-surgery which provides constant results when use, thereof, is well indicated. Finally lasers can also provide another possibility for surgical retraction. The purpose of this review article is to summarize available evidence with respect to current methods of gingival retraction and to provide the clinician with practical tips.

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, 2015

The objective of this study is to analyze the difference in bite forces in patients treated for m... more The objective of this study is to analyze the difference in bite forces in patients treated for mandibular fractures with 2.0 mm conventional and locking titanium plating system. A randomized study was performed for the treatment of fractures of mandible. In this study, 20 adult patients with isolated mandibular fracture were included. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups, that is, Group I-2.0 mm nonlocking (traditional) and Group II-2.0 mm locking plates. Bite force was evaluated at 1st, 3rd, and 6th weeks. Comparison of all the assessed parameters between both the groups depicted no significant difference in terms of pain, swelling including the incidence of infection, paresthesia, and hardware failure. Although same was true in case of bite force between both the groups at various time intervals, there was statistically significant increase in the bite force within the group comprising patients in whom locking plates was used between 1st and 3rd weeks follow-up pe...

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2015

mining the incidence and dictating the patterns of mandibular fractures in Rohilkhand region. Met... more mining the incidence and dictating the patterns of mandibular fractures in Rohilkhand region. Methods: The patient records and radiographs for 144 patients treated for mandibular fractures were reviewed between the time periods from January 2012 to December 2013. Data on age, gender, aetiology, use of intoxicants, head injury, associated injuries, days of the week, anatomic site and multiple fractures within the mandible were recorded and assessed. Results: Maximum incidence of fractures was observed among the individuals in 3rd decade (35.4%) followed by 2nd and 4th decades, which exhibited 32 and 30 cases (22.2% and 20.8%), respectively. Male to female ratio was biased (4:1) portraying a male predominance. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were observed to be the predominant aetiological factor responsible accounting for 79.2% of the total injuries followed by assaults (11.8%) and falls (9%). Parasymphysis exhibited the highest incidence (32.63%) amongst the anatomic sites, followed by body (18.75%), angle (16.66%), condyle (15.27%), symphysis (12.50%), ramus (2.77%) and coronoid (1.38%).

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015

Journal of medicine and life, 2013

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is defined as sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing recur... more Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is defined as sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing recurrent episodes of pain within the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. It is the most frequent cranial neuralgia, the incidence being 1 per 1,000,00 persons per year. Pain attacks start abruptly and last several seconds but may persist 1 to 2 minutes. The attacks are initiated by non painful physical stimulation of specific areas (trigger points or zones) that are located ipsilateral to the pain. After each episode, there is usually a refractive period during which stimulation of the trigger zone will not induce the pain. According to the European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS) guidelines on neuropathic pain assessment and the American Academy of Neurology (AAN)-EFNS guidelines on TN management the neurophysiological recording of trigeminal reflexes represents the most useful and reliable test for the neurophysiological diagnosis of trigeminal pains. ...