Steven Czinn - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Steven Czinn

Research paper thumbnail of Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with atrophic gastritis: comparison of histology, 13C-urea breath test, and serology

Scandinavian …, 2000

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Atrophic ... 13 C-Urea Breath Test, a... more Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Atrophic ... 13 C-Urea Breath Test, and Serology ... A. Kokkola, H. Rautelin, P. Puolakkainen, P. Sipponen, M. Färkkilä, R. Haapiainen & TU Kosunen Second Dept. of Surgery and Dept. of Medicine, Helsinki University ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inflammation, Immunity, and Vaccines for Helicobacter

Helicobacter, 2010

The immune response to Helicobacter pylori is a multifaceted group of mechanisms involving respon... more The immune response to Helicobacter pylori is a multifaceted group of mechanisms involving responses that are both protective and damaging to the host. The innate and the adaptive immune responses lead to damaging inflammatory responses, but these responses may fail, allowing for persistence of many infections. Thus, developing new therapeutics and effective vaccines against H. pylori has proven to be arduous. In this manuscript, we will examine the advances in knowledge made in the past year in understanding the host immune response to H. pylori and the progress toward developing a vaccine.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of the Host In Pathogenesis of Helicobacter-Associated Gastritis: H. Felis Infection of Inbred and Congenic Mouse Strains

Infection and …, 1996

In humans, Helicobacter pylori establishes a chronic infection which can result in various degree... more In humans, Helicobacter pylori establishes a chronic infection which can result in various degrees of gastric inflammation, peptic ulcer disease, and a predisposition to gastric cancer. It has been suggested that bacterial virulence factors such as the vacuolating toxin (VacA) and the cytotoxin-associated gene product (CagA) may play a major role in determining the clinical outcome of Helicobacter infections. The role of host responses in these varied outcomes has received little attention. Helicobacter felis, which does not express CagA or VacA, causes chronic infection and inflammation in a well-characterized mouse model. We have used this model to evaluate the role of host responses in Helicobacter infections. BALB/c, C3H, and C57BL/6 mice were orally infected with a single strain of H. felis, and 2 and 11 weeks after infection, the mice were sacrificed and evaluated histologically for magnitude of H. felis infection, intensity and extent of inflammation, and cellular composition of the inflammatory infiltrate. All three strains of mice demonstrated comparable levels of infection at 11 weeks, but the pattern and intensity of inflammation varied from minimal in BALB/c mice to severe in C57BL/6 mice. Gastric epithelial erosions were noted in C3H mice, and mucous cell hyperplasia was observed in C3H and C57BL/6 mice. Abundant mucosal mast cells were observed in the gastric tissues of all three mouse strains. Studies using major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-congenic mice revealed probable contributions by both MHC and non-MHC genes to Helicobacter-induced inflammation. Thus, large variations in the severity of disease were observed after infection of different inbred strains and congenic mice with a single isolate of H. felis. These results demonstrate the importance of the host response in disease outcome following gastric Helicobacter infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in the Human Gastric Mucosa and Blood: Role in Helicobacter pylori Infection

Frontiers in Immunology, 2015

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in the human gastric mucosa and blood: Role in Helicobacter ... more Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in the human gastric mucosa and blood: Role in Helicobacter pylori infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization and functional properties of gastric tissue-resident memory T cells from children, adults, and the elderly

Frontiers in immunology, 2014

T cells are the main orchestrators of protective immunity in the stomach; however, limited inform... more T cells are the main orchestrators of protective immunity in the stomach; however, limited information on the presence and function of the gastric T subsets is available mainly due to the difficulty in recovering high numbers of viable cells from human gastric biopsies. To overcome this shortcoming we optimized a cell isolation method that yielded high numbers of viable lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) from gastric biopsies. Classic memory T subsets were identified in gastric LPMC and compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from children, adults, and the elderly using an optimized 14 color flow cytometry panel. A dominant effector memory T (TEM) phenotype was observed in gastric LPMC CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in all age groups. We then evaluated whether these cells represented a population of gastric tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells by assessing expression of CD103 and CD69. The vast majority of gastric LPMC CD8(+) T cells either co-expressed CD103/...

Research paper thumbnail of Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with atrophic gastritis: comparison of histology, 13C-urea breath test, and serology

Scandinavian …, 2000

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Atrophic ... 13 C-Urea Breath Test, a... more Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Atrophic ... 13 C-Urea Breath Test, and Serology ... A. Kokkola, H. Rautelin, P. Puolakkainen, P. Sipponen, M. Färkkilä, R. Haapiainen & TU Kosunen Second Dept. of Surgery and Dept. of Medicine, Helsinki University ...

Research paper thumbnail of Inflammation, Immunity, and Vaccines for Helicobacter

Helicobacter, 2010

The immune response to Helicobacter pylori is a multifaceted group of mechanisms involving respon... more The immune response to Helicobacter pylori is a multifaceted group of mechanisms involving responses that are both protective and damaging to the host. The innate and the adaptive immune responses lead to damaging inflammatory responses, but these responses may fail, allowing for persistence of many infections. Thus, developing new therapeutics and effective vaccines against H. pylori has proven to be arduous. In this manuscript, we will examine the advances in knowledge made in the past year in understanding the host immune response to H. pylori and the progress toward developing a vaccine.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of the Host In Pathogenesis of Helicobacter-Associated Gastritis: H. Felis Infection of Inbred and Congenic Mouse Strains

Infection and …, 1996

In humans, Helicobacter pylori establishes a chronic infection which can result in various degree... more In humans, Helicobacter pylori establishes a chronic infection which can result in various degrees of gastric inflammation, peptic ulcer disease, and a predisposition to gastric cancer. It has been suggested that bacterial virulence factors such as the vacuolating toxin (VacA) and the cytotoxin-associated gene product (CagA) may play a major role in determining the clinical outcome of Helicobacter infections. The role of host responses in these varied outcomes has received little attention. Helicobacter felis, which does not express CagA or VacA, causes chronic infection and inflammation in a well-characterized mouse model. We have used this model to evaluate the role of host responses in Helicobacter infections. BALB/c, C3H, and C57BL/6 mice were orally infected with a single strain of H. felis, and 2 and 11 weeks after infection, the mice were sacrificed and evaluated histologically for magnitude of H. felis infection, intensity and extent of inflammation, and cellular composition of the inflammatory infiltrate. All three strains of mice demonstrated comparable levels of infection at 11 weeks, but the pattern and intensity of inflammation varied from minimal in BALB/c mice to severe in C57BL/6 mice. Gastric epithelial erosions were noted in C3H mice, and mucous cell hyperplasia was observed in C3H and C57BL/6 mice. Abundant mucosal mast cells were observed in the gastric tissues of all three mouse strains. Studies using major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-congenic mice revealed probable contributions by both MHC and non-MHC genes to Helicobacter-induced inflammation. Thus, large variations in the severity of disease were observed after infection of different inbred strains and congenic mice with a single isolate of H. felis. These results demonstrate the importance of the host response in disease outcome following gastric Helicobacter infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in the Human Gastric Mucosa and Blood: Role in Helicobacter pylori Infection

Frontiers in Immunology, 2015

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in the human gastric mucosa and blood: Role in Helicobacter ... more Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in the human gastric mucosa and blood: Role in Helicobacter pylori infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization and functional properties of gastric tissue-resident memory T cells from children, adults, and the elderly

Frontiers in immunology, 2014

T cells are the main orchestrators of protective immunity in the stomach; however, limited inform... more T cells are the main orchestrators of protective immunity in the stomach; however, limited information on the presence and function of the gastric T subsets is available mainly due to the difficulty in recovering high numbers of viable cells from human gastric biopsies. To overcome this shortcoming we optimized a cell isolation method that yielded high numbers of viable lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) from gastric biopsies. Classic memory T subsets were identified in gastric LPMC and compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from children, adults, and the elderly using an optimized 14 color flow cytometry panel. A dominant effector memory T (TEM) phenotype was observed in gastric LPMC CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in all age groups. We then evaluated whether these cells represented a population of gastric tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells by assessing expression of CD103 and CD69. The vast majority of gastric LPMC CD8(+) T cells either co-expressed CD103/...