Sabyasachi Banerjee - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sabyasachi Banerjee

Research paper thumbnail of Withdrawal Notice: A Critical Review of Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Properties of Basella alba L

The Natural Products Journal

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal The Natural Products; ... more The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal The Natural Products; Journal due to incoherent content. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php Bentham Science Disclaimer: It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree...

Research paper thumbnail of Non-healing verrucous plaque over upper limb for 1 year in a tea garden worker

Dermatology Online Journal

A 55-year-old tea garden worker presented with a slowly growing verrucous plaque on the right arm... more A 55-year-old tea garden worker presented with a slowly growing verrucous plaque on the right arm. The diagnosis of chromomycosis was confirmed by the identification of brown sclerotic bodies in a skin biopsy.

Research paper thumbnail of Myco-nanotechnological approach to synthesize silver oxide nanocuboids using endophytic fungus isolated from Citrus pseudolimon plant

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2021

The current study reports the isolation of Colletotrichum plurivorum, an endophytic fungus from a... more The current study reports the isolation of Colletotrichum plurivorum, an endophytic fungus from a Citrus pseudolimon plant and its utilization in the green synthesis of silver oxide nanocuboids (Ag2O NCs) at room temperature. The synthesized nanocrystals were thoroughly characterized by UV-vis, FTIR spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Electron microscopic images confirmed the formation of cuboid shaped particles having size 200-250 nm in length and 80-150 nm in width, whereas, XRD and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern confirms the formation of cubic Ag2O nanocrystals. Then these Ag2O NCs are applied in antibacterial activities against a pathogenic gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and found very good activities against them. Currently these types of nanocuboids have drawn great interest in the field of catalysis, photocatalysis to biomedical applications.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of Spray Drying Process Using Central Composite Design (CCD)

Journal of Applied Pharmacy, 2014

Spray-drying process was used for the development of drug complex with β-CD (β-cyclodextrin). T... more Spray-drying process was used for the development of drug complex with β-CD (β-cyclodextrin). The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of formulation and process variables on the resulting powder characteristics in order to optimize them. A face-centered central composite design was applied to optimize the spray drying process on a pilot scale (15 liters).

Research paper thumbnail of Controlling extraordinary transmission through hole arrays using subwavelength periodic resonators

Advanced Photonics 2018 (BGPP, IPR, NP, NOMA, Sensors, Networks, SPPCom, SOF), 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Thin Film Sensing with Asymmetric Terahertz Metasurfaces

2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP), 2019

In this work, we demonstrate asymmetric terahertz metasurfaces for thin film sensing. The asymmet... more In this work, we demonstrate asymmetric terahertz metasurfaces for thin film sensing. The asymmetric SRR based metasurface design is observed to excite a sharp Fano-like dark mode resonance which is not seen in the corresponding symmetric SRR based design. The simulated transmission characteristics show a close match with the experimental results. Sensitivity and Figure of Merit have been calculated for both the sensor designs and it is observed that the Fano-identical dark mode resonance in the asymmetric SRR based metasurface is highly suitable for thin film sensing due to its high FoM value.

Research paper thumbnail of Seborrhoeic keratosis: bilaterally symmetrical linear verrucous lesions in inguinal folds, an unusual presentation

Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2017

Seborrhoeic keratosis is the commonest benign epithelial tumour that occurs from middle age onwar... more Seborrhoeic keratosis is the commonest benign epithelial tumour that occurs from middle age onwards most commonly on sun-exposed areas. We, herewith, report a case of seborrhoeic keratosis with bilaterally symmetrical linear verrucous lesions in both inguinal folds. Linear verrucous epidermal nevus, condyloma acuminata and bowenoid papulosis were excluded by history and histopathological data. Chronic candidiasis of groin in this diabetic patient may be responsible for peculiar localization of the tumour.

Research paper thumbnail of An Observational Cross-Sectional Study of the Proportion of Cutaneous Lesions Affecting External Ear, Presenting to Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Medical College in the Eastern Part of India

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2021

BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of external ear are quite common in clinical practice. Patients ofte... more BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of external ear are quite common in clinical practice. Patients often present with various cutaneous lesions of the external ear to various disciplines. They are often underdiagnosed as many lesions, though commonly diagnosed by our dermatologist colleague are missed by other clinicians. These lesions can be classified in various ways, according to the aetiology, and according to the anatomic sites. In the present study, we tried to assess the prevalence of different skin lesions affecting external ear presenting to an ENT and skin outpatient department of a tertiary care medical college in Eastern part of India. METHODS This is a descriptive observational study, cross sectional in design. 240 patients attended the outpatient department with cutaneous lesions affecting external ear from January 2019 to February 2020. The patients presenting in both ENT and skin outpatient department were chosen randomly. Cases were diagnosed based on history and clinical...

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Evaluation of a Novel Extended Release Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Matrix Tablets

The aim of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate hydrophilic matrix tablets of ... more The aim of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate hydrophilic matrix tablets of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride to achieve an extended drug release with reduced frequency of drug administration, reduced side effects and improved patient compliance. Matrix tablets of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride were prepared using combination of hydrophilic and water insoluble swellable polymers viz. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Calcium Carboxymethylcellulose (Ca CMC). The high water solubility of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (572 mg/mL), leads to burst release of drug from HPMC matrices. To control this initial burst release, Ca CMC was incorporated in the HPMC matrix system and the drug release behavior of the formulations prepared by HPMC, Ca CMC alone and different drug to polymer ratios of HPMC and Ca CMC were investigated. The formulated tablets were characterized for physical and chemical properties. The combination of HPMC and Ca CMC matrices exhibited extended drug release w...

Research paper thumbnail of Garlic constituents for cancer prevention and therapy: From phytochemistry to novel formulations

Pharmacological Research, 2021

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest plants cultivated for its dietary and medicinal v... more Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest plants cultivated for its dietary and medicinal values. This incredible plant is endowed with various pharmacological attributes, such as antimicrobial, antiarthritic, antithrombotic, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. Among the various beneficial pharmacological effects of garlic, the anticancer activity is presumably the most studied. The consumption of garlic provides strong protection against cancer risk. Taking into account the multi-targeted actions and absence of considerable toxicity, a few active metabolites of garlic are probably to play crucial roles in the killing of cancerous cells. Garlic contains several bioactive molecules with anticancer actions and these include diallyl trisulfide, allicin, diallyl disulfide, diallyl sulfide, and allyl mercaptan. The effects of various garlic-derived products, their phytoconstituents and nanoformulations have been evaluated against skin, prostate, ovarian, breast, gastric, colorectal, oral, liver, and pancreatic cancers. Garlic extract, its phytocompounds and their nanoformulations have been shown to inhibit the different stages of cancer, including initiation, promotion, and progression. Besides, these bioactive metabolites alter the peroxidation of lipid, activity of nitric oxide synthetase, nuclear factor-κB, epidermal growth factor receptor, and protein kinase C, cell cycle, and survival signaling. The current comprehensive review portrays the functions of garlic, its bioactive constituents and nanoformulations against several types of cancers and explores the possibility of developing these agents as anticancer pharmaceuticals.

Research paper thumbnail of Marine Cyanobacteria and Microalgae Metabolites—A Rich Source of Potential Anticancer Drugs

Marine Drugs, 2020

Cancer is at present one of the utmost deadly diseases worldwide. Past efforts in cancer research... more Cancer is at present one of the utmost deadly diseases worldwide. Past efforts in cancer research have focused on natural medicinal products. Over the past decades, a great deal of initiatives was invested towards isolating and identifying new marine metabolites via pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions in general. Secondary marine metabolites are looked at as a favorable source of potentially new pharmaceutically active compounds, having a vast structural diversity and diverse biological activities; therefore, this is an astonishing source of potentially new anticancer therapy. This review contains an extensive critical discussion on the potential of marine microbial compounds and marine microalgae metabolites as anticancer drugs, highlighting their chemical structure and exploring the underlying mechanisms of action. Current limitation, challenges, and future research pathways were also presented.

Research paper thumbnail of Bandwidth Enhancement of Planar Terahertz Metasurfaces via Overlapping of Dipolar Modes

Plasmonics, 2020

We present enhancement of operational bandwidths of planar terahertz metasurfaces by incorporatin... more We present enhancement of operational bandwidths of planar terahertz metasurfaces by incorporating a complex unit cell that consists of a pair of concentric ring resonators. The inner resonator is a closed ring, while the outer resonator contains a pair of split gaps introduced symmetrically into the two opposite arms. The enhancement of the bandwidth is attributed to the spectral overlapping of the resonant responses arising from both the resonators. A total of five metasurface samples (MM1 to MM5) have been designed, fabricated, and characterized using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Resonance broadening along with the blue shifting of higher order resonance mode is being observed while introducing the split gaps in the outer ring and increasing the split gap length (MM1 to MM5) successively. We have further performed detailed numerical investigations in order to explain the experimental observations which support the experimental results. Such metasurfaces can pave the way to realize versatile photonic applications including broadband modulators and band stop filters in the comparatively lesser explored yet technologically relevant terahertz region.

Research paper thumbnail of Resonance phenomena in electromagnetic metamaterials for the terahertz domain: a review

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2020

Most electromagnetic phenomena pertaining to metamaterials are observed at the resonance position... more Most electromagnetic phenomena pertaining to metamaterials are observed at the resonance positions. In this review, we have collated and analyze the most prevalent forms of resonance-based phenomena observed in metamaterials to serve as a ready reference for future researchers. Our focus will be on metamaterials operating at the terahertz frequency domain. Starting with the origin and evolution of fundamental LC resonances in metamaterials, we would explain occurrence of typical even and odd higher order resonance modes. We have also discussed Fano resonances in asymmetric gap resonators-based metamaterials. Further, quantum phenomena analogues, such as, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or Plasmon Induced Transparency (PIT), which can significantly influence the metamaterials resonances are also discussed. Thereafter, origins to ultra-sharp resonances in toroidal metamaterials, along with chiral metamaterials and resonance mode hybridization effects in the context of terahertz metamaterials are described. This review should be useful for undertaking.

Research paper thumbnail of Ultra-thin subwavelength film sensing through the excitation of dark modes in THz metasurfaces

Optics Communications, 2019

We demonstrate ultra-subwavelength thin film sensing through experimental and numerical studies o... more We demonstrate ultra-subwavelength thin film sensing through experimental and numerical studies of the transmission characteristics of several symmetric and asymmetric planar split ring resonator (SRR) based terahertz metasurfaces coated with thin film of analyte layer(s). A sharp narrow-band dark mode resonance excited in the asymmetric metasurfaces is seen to be particularly very interesting to be exploited in thin film sensing, which is otherwise absent in the symmetric case. For this mode, our experiments clearly have demonstrated sensing of extreme subwavelength (close to thousandth part of the wavelength) thickness film. With the increasing thickness of the analyte layer a gradual red-shift of the resonance mode is observed. The sensitivities and figure of merit (FoM) of all the metasurfaces are derived and compared. The resonant dark modes in asymmetric metasurfaces are found to display substantially better FoM as compared to the typical dipolar modes.

Research paper thumbnail of Deep‐Subwavelength Coupling‐Induced Fano Resonances in Symmetric Terahertz Metamaterials

physica status solidi (RRL) – Rapid Research Letters, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Generalized eruptive histiocytosis in a child: A rare entity

Indian Journal of Dermatopathology and Diagnostic Dermatology, 2018

Sir, We are extremely sorry for forgetting to mention the immune status of the patient. Although ... more Sir, We are extremely sorry for forgetting to mention the immune status of the patient. Although generalized eruptive histiocytosis (GEH) is a benign, rare, self‐healing course of non-Langerhans cell lineage, some neoplastic diseases have been reported as association with this disorder. The neoplasms are mainly hematologic disorders of myeloid lineage such as acute monocytic leukemia or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.[1-3] No such data is available about GEH in a sero‐positive patient after exhaustive Google search. Our patient was asymptomatic. There was no sign and symptom of immunodeficiency. HIV status of our patient was non‐reactive. Blood sample was taken from every patient before doing biopsy as a protocol of our institution. Hence, our patient had generalized eruptive histiocytosis without any hematological malignancy or other immunodeficiency disorder. Thank you sir for your clarification.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics of reduction of NiO powder/pellets by hydrogen

The kinetics of reduction of NiO powder/pellets by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric ap... more The kinetics of reduction of NiO powder/pellets by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA). The variables studied were temperature (573K, 673K, 773K, 873K, 973K) and hydrogen flow rate (100cc min-1, 150cc min-1, 200cc min-1). With NiO powder, a 70-80% reduction, and with NiO pellets, an about 95% reduction were achieved. With both NiO powder and pellets, the rate of reduction increased with increasing temperature and flow rate and the linear nature of the fractional reduction vs. time (F vs. t) plot, for the most part of the reduction, at all temperatures supported a rate control by gas film diffusion. The activation energies for the reduction of NiO powder and NiO pellets were found to be 20.14 kJ mole-1 and 19.21 kJ mole-1, respectively. The SEM images showed that the grain size of Ni produced was 1-2 microns, and the XRD analysis established the presence of Ni (and the absence of NiO) in the reduced sample.

Research paper thumbnail of Cutaneous chromoblastomycosis mimicking tuberculosis verrucosa cutis: look for copper pennies!

Turkish Journal of Pathology, 2013

Chromoblastomycosis is a rare chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is pri... more Chromoblastomycosis is a rare chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is primarily a disease of tropical and subtropical regions and affects mainly the agricultural workers following trauma with vegetable matter. Cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis may clinically mimic cutaneous tuberculosis as both the condition usually presents with hyper pigmented verrucous lesion of skin. Here in we report a case of chronic cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis in a middle aged woman from north eastern part of India, who was initially misdiagnosed as tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. In histopathology characteristic brown colored spores of the fungus (also known as copper pennies) were seen within dermal abscess. The organism isolated from culture of the biopsy material was Fonsecaea pedrosoi thus confirming our diagnosis of cutaneous chromoblastomycosis. The patient responded well to oral Itraconazole. The dermatologists and pathologists should be aware of this condition especially when dealing with verrucous lesion of the skin. The pathologists should search for fungal spores in cutaneous lesion with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and dermal abscess.

Research paper thumbnail of Reduction of Nickel Oxide Powder and Pellet by Hydrogen

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 2012

Reduction of nickel oxide (NiO) powder and pellet by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric ... more Reduction of nickel oxide (NiO) powder and pellet by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric apparatus. The variables studied were temperature (573, 673, 773, 873, 973 K) and hydrogen flow rate (100, 150, 200 cc min-1). With NiO powder 70-80 % reduction and with NiO pellets about 95 % reduction were achieved. With both NiO powder and pellets, the rate of reduction increased with increasing temperature and hydrogen flow rate and the linear nature of the fractional reduction versus time (F vs. t) plot, for the most part of the reduction at all temperatures, supported a rate control by gas film diffusion. The activation energies for the reduction of NiO powder and NiO pellet were found to be 20.14 and 19.21 kJ mol-1 , respectively. The SEM images showed that the grain size of nickel (Ni) produced was 1-2 l, and the XRD analysis established the presence of Ni (and the absence of NiO) in the reduced sample.

Research paper thumbnail of Formulation development and systematic optimization of solid lipid nanoparticles of quercetin for improved brain delivery

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2011

Objective This study aims at formulating solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of quercetin, a natural... more Objective This study aims at formulating solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of quercetin, a natural flavonoid with established antioxidant activity, for intravenous administration in order to improve its permeation across the blood–brain barrier into the CNS, and eventually to improve the therapeutic efficacy of this molecule in Alzheimer's disease. Methods The SLNs of quercetin were formulated using Compritol as the lipid and Tween 80 as the surfactant through a microemulsification technique, and optimized employing a 32 central composite design (CCD). Selection of the optimized SLN formulation, using brute-force methodology and overlay plots, was based on its efficiency of entrapping quercetin inside the lipophilic core, particle size, surface charge potential and ability of the SLNs to release the entrapped drug completely. The optimized formulation was subjected to various in-vivo behavioral and biochemical studies in Wistar rats. Key findings The optimized formulation exhibit...

Research paper thumbnail of Withdrawal Notice: A Critical Review of Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Properties of Basella alba L

The Natural Products Journal

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal The Natural Products; ... more The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal The Natural Products; Journal due to incoherent content. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php Bentham Science Disclaimer: It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree...

Research paper thumbnail of Non-healing verrucous plaque over upper limb for 1 year in a tea garden worker

Dermatology Online Journal

A 55-year-old tea garden worker presented with a slowly growing verrucous plaque on the right arm... more A 55-year-old tea garden worker presented with a slowly growing verrucous plaque on the right arm. The diagnosis of chromomycosis was confirmed by the identification of brown sclerotic bodies in a skin biopsy.

Research paper thumbnail of Myco-nanotechnological approach to synthesize silver oxide nanocuboids using endophytic fungus isolated from Citrus pseudolimon plant

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2021

The current study reports the isolation of Colletotrichum plurivorum, an endophytic fungus from a... more The current study reports the isolation of Colletotrichum plurivorum, an endophytic fungus from a Citrus pseudolimon plant and its utilization in the green synthesis of silver oxide nanocuboids (Ag2O NCs) at room temperature. The synthesized nanocrystals were thoroughly characterized by UV-vis, FTIR spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Electron microscopic images confirmed the formation of cuboid shaped particles having size 200-250 nm in length and 80-150 nm in width, whereas, XRD and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern confirms the formation of cubic Ag2O nanocrystals. Then these Ag2O NCs are applied in antibacterial activities against a pathogenic gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and found very good activities against them. Currently these types of nanocuboids have drawn great interest in the field of catalysis, photocatalysis to biomedical applications.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of Spray Drying Process Using Central Composite Design (CCD)

Journal of Applied Pharmacy, 2014

Spray-drying process was used for the development of drug complex with β-CD (β-cyclodextrin). T... more Spray-drying process was used for the development of drug complex with β-CD (β-cyclodextrin). The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of formulation and process variables on the resulting powder characteristics in order to optimize them. A face-centered central composite design was applied to optimize the spray drying process on a pilot scale (15 liters).

Research paper thumbnail of Controlling extraordinary transmission through hole arrays using subwavelength periodic resonators

Advanced Photonics 2018 (BGPP, IPR, NP, NOMA, Sensors, Networks, SPPCom, SOF), 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Thin Film Sensing with Asymmetric Terahertz Metasurfaces

2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP), 2019

In this work, we demonstrate asymmetric terahertz metasurfaces for thin film sensing. The asymmet... more In this work, we demonstrate asymmetric terahertz metasurfaces for thin film sensing. The asymmetric SRR based metasurface design is observed to excite a sharp Fano-like dark mode resonance which is not seen in the corresponding symmetric SRR based design. The simulated transmission characteristics show a close match with the experimental results. Sensitivity and Figure of Merit have been calculated for both the sensor designs and it is observed that the Fano-identical dark mode resonance in the asymmetric SRR based metasurface is highly suitable for thin film sensing due to its high FoM value.

Research paper thumbnail of Seborrhoeic keratosis: bilaterally symmetrical linear verrucous lesions in inguinal folds, an unusual presentation

Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology, 2017

Seborrhoeic keratosis is the commonest benign epithelial tumour that occurs from middle age onwar... more Seborrhoeic keratosis is the commonest benign epithelial tumour that occurs from middle age onwards most commonly on sun-exposed areas. We, herewith, report a case of seborrhoeic keratosis with bilaterally symmetrical linear verrucous lesions in both inguinal folds. Linear verrucous epidermal nevus, condyloma acuminata and bowenoid papulosis were excluded by history and histopathological data. Chronic candidiasis of groin in this diabetic patient may be responsible for peculiar localization of the tumour.

Research paper thumbnail of An Observational Cross-Sectional Study of the Proportion of Cutaneous Lesions Affecting External Ear, Presenting to Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Medical College in the Eastern Part of India

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2021

BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of external ear are quite common in clinical practice. Patients ofte... more BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of external ear are quite common in clinical practice. Patients often present with various cutaneous lesions of the external ear to various disciplines. They are often underdiagnosed as many lesions, though commonly diagnosed by our dermatologist colleague are missed by other clinicians. These lesions can be classified in various ways, according to the aetiology, and according to the anatomic sites. In the present study, we tried to assess the prevalence of different skin lesions affecting external ear presenting to an ENT and skin outpatient department of a tertiary care medical college in Eastern part of India. METHODS This is a descriptive observational study, cross sectional in design. 240 patients attended the outpatient department with cutaneous lesions affecting external ear from January 2019 to February 2020. The patients presenting in both ENT and skin outpatient department were chosen randomly. Cases were diagnosed based on history and clinical...

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Evaluation of a Novel Extended Release Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Matrix Tablets

The aim of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate hydrophilic matrix tablets of ... more The aim of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate hydrophilic matrix tablets of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride to achieve an extended drug release with reduced frequency of drug administration, reduced side effects and improved patient compliance. Matrix tablets of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride were prepared using combination of hydrophilic and water insoluble swellable polymers viz. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Calcium Carboxymethylcellulose (Ca CMC). The high water solubility of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (572 mg/mL), leads to burst release of drug from HPMC matrices. To control this initial burst release, Ca CMC was incorporated in the HPMC matrix system and the drug release behavior of the formulations prepared by HPMC, Ca CMC alone and different drug to polymer ratios of HPMC and Ca CMC were investigated. The formulated tablets were characterized for physical and chemical properties. The combination of HPMC and Ca CMC matrices exhibited extended drug release w...

Research paper thumbnail of Garlic constituents for cancer prevention and therapy: From phytochemistry to novel formulations

Pharmacological Research, 2021

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest plants cultivated for its dietary and medicinal v... more Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest plants cultivated for its dietary and medicinal values. This incredible plant is endowed with various pharmacological attributes, such as antimicrobial, antiarthritic, antithrombotic, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. Among the various beneficial pharmacological effects of garlic, the anticancer activity is presumably the most studied. The consumption of garlic provides strong protection against cancer risk. Taking into account the multi-targeted actions and absence of considerable toxicity, a few active metabolites of garlic are probably to play crucial roles in the killing of cancerous cells. Garlic contains several bioactive molecules with anticancer actions and these include diallyl trisulfide, allicin, diallyl disulfide, diallyl sulfide, and allyl mercaptan. The effects of various garlic-derived products, their phytoconstituents and nanoformulations have been evaluated against skin, prostate, ovarian, breast, gastric, colorectal, oral, liver, and pancreatic cancers. Garlic extract, its phytocompounds and their nanoformulations have been shown to inhibit the different stages of cancer, including initiation, promotion, and progression. Besides, these bioactive metabolites alter the peroxidation of lipid, activity of nitric oxide synthetase, nuclear factor-κB, epidermal growth factor receptor, and protein kinase C, cell cycle, and survival signaling. The current comprehensive review portrays the functions of garlic, its bioactive constituents and nanoformulations against several types of cancers and explores the possibility of developing these agents as anticancer pharmaceuticals.

Research paper thumbnail of Marine Cyanobacteria and Microalgae Metabolites—A Rich Source of Potential Anticancer Drugs

Marine Drugs, 2020

Cancer is at present one of the utmost deadly diseases worldwide. Past efforts in cancer research... more Cancer is at present one of the utmost deadly diseases worldwide. Past efforts in cancer research have focused on natural medicinal products. Over the past decades, a great deal of initiatives was invested towards isolating and identifying new marine metabolites via pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions in general. Secondary marine metabolites are looked at as a favorable source of potentially new pharmaceutically active compounds, having a vast structural diversity and diverse biological activities; therefore, this is an astonishing source of potentially new anticancer therapy. This review contains an extensive critical discussion on the potential of marine microbial compounds and marine microalgae metabolites as anticancer drugs, highlighting their chemical structure and exploring the underlying mechanisms of action. Current limitation, challenges, and future research pathways were also presented.

Research paper thumbnail of Bandwidth Enhancement of Planar Terahertz Metasurfaces via Overlapping of Dipolar Modes

Plasmonics, 2020

We present enhancement of operational bandwidths of planar terahertz metasurfaces by incorporatin... more We present enhancement of operational bandwidths of planar terahertz metasurfaces by incorporating a complex unit cell that consists of a pair of concentric ring resonators. The inner resonator is a closed ring, while the outer resonator contains a pair of split gaps introduced symmetrically into the two opposite arms. The enhancement of the bandwidth is attributed to the spectral overlapping of the resonant responses arising from both the resonators. A total of five metasurface samples (MM1 to MM5) have been designed, fabricated, and characterized using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Resonance broadening along with the blue shifting of higher order resonance mode is being observed while introducing the split gaps in the outer ring and increasing the split gap length (MM1 to MM5) successively. We have further performed detailed numerical investigations in order to explain the experimental observations which support the experimental results. Such metasurfaces can pave the way to realize versatile photonic applications including broadband modulators and band stop filters in the comparatively lesser explored yet technologically relevant terahertz region.

Research paper thumbnail of Resonance phenomena in electromagnetic metamaterials for the terahertz domain: a review

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 2020

Most electromagnetic phenomena pertaining to metamaterials are observed at the resonance position... more Most electromagnetic phenomena pertaining to metamaterials are observed at the resonance positions. In this review, we have collated and analyze the most prevalent forms of resonance-based phenomena observed in metamaterials to serve as a ready reference for future researchers. Our focus will be on metamaterials operating at the terahertz frequency domain. Starting with the origin and evolution of fundamental LC resonances in metamaterials, we would explain occurrence of typical even and odd higher order resonance modes. We have also discussed Fano resonances in asymmetric gap resonators-based metamaterials. Further, quantum phenomena analogues, such as, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or Plasmon Induced Transparency (PIT), which can significantly influence the metamaterials resonances are also discussed. Thereafter, origins to ultra-sharp resonances in toroidal metamaterials, along with chiral metamaterials and resonance mode hybridization effects in the context of terahertz metamaterials are described. This review should be useful for undertaking.

Research paper thumbnail of Ultra-thin subwavelength film sensing through the excitation of dark modes in THz metasurfaces

Optics Communications, 2019

We demonstrate ultra-subwavelength thin film sensing through experimental and numerical studies o... more We demonstrate ultra-subwavelength thin film sensing through experimental and numerical studies of the transmission characteristics of several symmetric and asymmetric planar split ring resonator (SRR) based terahertz metasurfaces coated with thin film of analyte layer(s). A sharp narrow-band dark mode resonance excited in the asymmetric metasurfaces is seen to be particularly very interesting to be exploited in thin film sensing, which is otherwise absent in the symmetric case. For this mode, our experiments clearly have demonstrated sensing of extreme subwavelength (close to thousandth part of the wavelength) thickness film. With the increasing thickness of the analyte layer a gradual red-shift of the resonance mode is observed. The sensitivities and figure of merit (FoM) of all the metasurfaces are derived and compared. The resonant dark modes in asymmetric metasurfaces are found to display substantially better FoM as compared to the typical dipolar modes.

Research paper thumbnail of Deep‐Subwavelength Coupling‐Induced Fano Resonances in Symmetric Terahertz Metamaterials

physica status solidi (RRL) – Rapid Research Letters, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Generalized eruptive histiocytosis in a child: A rare entity

Indian Journal of Dermatopathology and Diagnostic Dermatology, 2018

Sir, We are extremely sorry for forgetting to mention the immune status of the patient. Although ... more Sir, We are extremely sorry for forgetting to mention the immune status of the patient. Although generalized eruptive histiocytosis (GEH) is a benign, rare, self‐healing course of non-Langerhans cell lineage, some neoplastic diseases have been reported as association with this disorder. The neoplasms are mainly hematologic disorders of myeloid lineage such as acute monocytic leukemia or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.[1-3] No such data is available about GEH in a sero‐positive patient after exhaustive Google search. Our patient was asymptomatic. There was no sign and symptom of immunodeficiency. HIV status of our patient was non‐reactive. Blood sample was taken from every patient before doing biopsy as a protocol of our institution. Hence, our patient had generalized eruptive histiocytosis without any hematological malignancy or other immunodeficiency disorder. Thank you sir for your clarification.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics of reduction of NiO powder/pellets by hydrogen

The kinetics of reduction of NiO powder/pellets by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric ap... more The kinetics of reduction of NiO powder/pellets by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA). The variables studied were temperature (573K, 673K, 773K, 873K, 973K) and hydrogen flow rate (100cc min-1, 150cc min-1, 200cc min-1). With NiO powder, a 70-80% reduction, and with NiO pellets, an about 95% reduction were achieved. With both NiO powder and pellets, the rate of reduction increased with increasing temperature and flow rate and the linear nature of the fractional reduction vs. time (F vs. t) plot, for the most part of the reduction, at all temperatures supported a rate control by gas film diffusion. The activation energies for the reduction of NiO powder and NiO pellets were found to be 20.14 kJ mole-1 and 19.21 kJ mole-1, respectively. The SEM images showed that the grain size of Ni produced was 1-2 microns, and the XRD analysis established the presence of Ni (and the absence of NiO) in the reduced sample.

Research paper thumbnail of Cutaneous chromoblastomycosis mimicking tuberculosis verrucosa cutis: look for copper pennies!

Turkish Journal of Pathology, 2013

Chromoblastomycosis is a rare chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is pri... more Chromoblastomycosis is a rare chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is primarily a disease of tropical and subtropical regions and affects mainly the agricultural workers following trauma with vegetable matter. Cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis may clinically mimic cutaneous tuberculosis as both the condition usually presents with hyper pigmented verrucous lesion of skin. Here in we report a case of chronic cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis in a middle aged woman from north eastern part of India, who was initially misdiagnosed as tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. In histopathology characteristic brown colored spores of the fungus (also known as copper pennies) were seen within dermal abscess. The organism isolated from culture of the biopsy material was Fonsecaea pedrosoi thus confirming our diagnosis of cutaneous chromoblastomycosis. The patient responded well to oral Itraconazole. The dermatologists and pathologists should be aware of this condition especially when dealing with verrucous lesion of the skin. The pathologists should search for fungal spores in cutaneous lesion with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and dermal abscess.

Research paper thumbnail of Reduction of Nickel Oxide Powder and Pellet by Hydrogen

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 2012

Reduction of nickel oxide (NiO) powder and pellet by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric ... more Reduction of nickel oxide (NiO) powder and pellet by hydrogen was studied in a thermogravimetric apparatus. The variables studied were temperature (573, 673, 773, 873, 973 K) and hydrogen flow rate (100, 150, 200 cc min-1). With NiO powder 70-80 % reduction and with NiO pellets about 95 % reduction were achieved. With both NiO powder and pellets, the rate of reduction increased with increasing temperature and hydrogen flow rate and the linear nature of the fractional reduction versus time (F vs. t) plot, for the most part of the reduction at all temperatures, supported a rate control by gas film diffusion. The activation energies for the reduction of NiO powder and NiO pellet were found to be 20.14 and 19.21 kJ mol-1 , respectively. The SEM images showed that the grain size of nickel (Ni) produced was 1-2 l, and the XRD analysis established the presence of Ni (and the absence of NiO) in the reduced sample.

Research paper thumbnail of Formulation development and systematic optimization of solid lipid nanoparticles of quercetin for improved brain delivery

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2011

Objective This study aims at formulating solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of quercetin, a natural... more Objective This study aims at formulating solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of quercetin, a natural flavonoid with established antioxidant activity, for intravenous administration in order to improve its permeation across the blood–brain barrier into the CNS, and eventually to improve the therapeutic efficacy of this molecule in Alzheimer's disease. Methods The SLNs of quercetin were formulated using Compritol as the lipid and Tween 80 as the surfactant through a microemulsification technique, and optimized employing a 32 central composite design (CCD). Selection of the optimized SLN formulation, using brute-force methodology and overlay plots, was based on its efficiency of entrapping quercetin inside the lipophilic core, particle size, surface charge potential and ability of the SLNs to release the entrapped drug completely. The optimized formulation was subjected to various in-vivo behavioral and biochemical studies in Wistar rats. Key findings The optimized formulation exhibit...