Sadiq Hamandi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sadiq Hamandi

International journal of online and biomedical engineering, Apr 12, 2024

The Ilizarov fixator is a type of external fixator that is used to treat patients who have suffer... more The Ilizarov fixator is a type of external fixator that is used to treat patients who have suffered injuries from accidents, bone shortening, or nonunion of the bone. The principle behind the Ilizarov fixator is that thin wires (called Kirschner wires) are used to support the bones and connect them to framed rings. Before being fastened to the rings, the wires are tensioned and drilled through the bones. This study suggests using a new parallel wires configuration at the same level on the same ring and two revised versions, which are divergent and convergent models, and compare them with standard wires, 60 angle wires model. All models were designed using SolidWorks, a computer-aided design (CAD) software, and then analyzed in four conditions (axial compression, medial bending, posterior bending, and torsion) with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using Ansys Workbench 2020 R2. Mechanical testing was conducted to validate the FEA results, A simple model consisting of a single ring, two K-wires, and polylactic acid (PLA) cylinders was utilized in a tensile test. It has been concluded from the results that the parallel model and its improvement have higher stiffness to axial compression, medial bending, and torsion, but a lower posterior bending stiffness, except the divergent model with 8-hole separation which has a relatively acceptable stiffness for posterior bending.

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences, Oct 30, 2023

A failing heart can be supported in several ways, including cardiopulmonary bypass pumps (CPB), e... more A failing heart can be supported in several ways, including cardiopulmonary bypass pumps (CPB), extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (ECMOs), and other types of auxiliary heart pumps. The intra-aortic-balloon-pump (IABP) is one technique of internal counter-pulsation that supports maintaining the circulatory system It continues to be used as a vascular support device to critically unwell cardiac patients. Many recent studies have focused on the problems of the (IABP) in open-heart surgery, while other researchers concentrated on the positioning and size of the balloon, some of them studied the timing of the balloon's inflation and deflation. this paper has reviewed a brief Introduction, the basic principles of the balloon, how to trigger the balloon pump as well as the use of IABP in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG), balloon mistiming of inflation and deflation, balloon timing usage within open-heart surgery and finally a balloon position and sizing.

Mağallaẗ al-Nahrayn li-l-ʿulūm al-handasiyyaẗ, Jun 23, 2024

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, Apr 10, 2024

Mağallaẗ al-Nahrayn li-l-ʿulūm al-handasiyyaẗ, Jun 23, 2024

Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering

Biocompatible bone implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal or polym... more Biocompatible bone implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal or polymer. Calcium hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6-OH2, HA is the primary inorganic component of human bone. Hydroxyapatite and polymer are biocompatible to the human body and help to increase bone growth. Increasing osseointegration by application of coating polymer on ceramic using the dip coating method is a challenge in itself for the success of the process of coating polymeric materials on ceramic materials using the previous method. This research aims to establish a new interface for promoting osseointegration. This interface between the polymeric part and the bone tissue to overcome the problems and failures that occur in the metal limbs implanted in the amputees. As a result of its rejection by the cells of the living body or the lack of good cohesion between the implant and the place of contact. In this work, coat PEEK plastic material coated with an active biocompatible material (Hydroxyapa...

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences, Apr 3, 2022

Many joints in the body depend on cartilage for their mechanical function. Since cartilage lacks ... more Many joints in the body depend on cartilage for their mechanical function. Since cartilage lacks the ability to self-heal when injured, treatments and replacements for damaged cartilage have been created in recent decades. The mechanical tests had an important role in the treatment and designing of the replaced cartilage. There are two types of cartilages in the knees: fibrocartilage (the meniscus, it is a special type of cartilage) and hyaline cartilage. Its mechanical properties are important because structural failure of cartilage is closely related with joint disorders. This study aimed to determine the stress-strain curve to give broader understanding of the material's properties. The results of this study could help to develop computational models for evaluating mechanics of knee joint, predicting possible failure locations and disease progression in joints. The study involved two specimens taken from bovine, the first was the articular cartilage with subchondral bone and the second was the meniscus cartilage each one loaded on a compressive testing machine to compute the displacement, and the force applied, enabling the calculation of the stressstrain curve of the material. Specimen failure occurred in the articular cartilage surface at a force break of 73.8N and get force peak about 87.2 N. The meniscus cartilage failure had occurred at a force break of 29.2 N and get force peak about 34.9 N.

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2023

Several difficulties faced the researchers when tested a small and thin specimen in compression t... more Several difficulties faced the researchers when tested a small and thin specimen in compression testing device. They had problem of interaction between two different tissues, when they were used to enhance the height of the specimen during previous studies. Therefore, some of them forced to use the high load device for the small specimen and this was not accurate and cost too much. According to the significant of the compression test in finding the mechanical characteristics of the specimen, therefore this paper focuses on designing and manufacturing of low load compressive testing device, low cost and tabletop design. The device will use not only for the soft tissue but also for synthetic materials such as composites and elastomers, some of biomaterials, tissue samples and tissue-engineered constructs and other soft materials. The mechanical and electronic parts of the device selected carefully to suit the measuring requirements. The device controlled by the computer application using visual studio 2019 to start the test and display the results. A significant accurate reading of soft tissue specimen had provided by using digital dial gauge and high sensitive load cell for displacement and force measurement respectively as compared with standard reading of previous studies. Moreover, the results had been drawing as load-distance curve or could be saved by the application to the Microsoft Excel to get more results and give broader understanding of the material's properties. In this paper the designed device test; articular cartilage, tendon and liver specimens got maximum load at 78.76N, 397.23N and 15.73N respectively. In addition to these specimen the glass ionomer had been tested to find the ranges loading of the device. In conclusion, the range reading of the designed device was from 0N to 1500N. The device had a good validation, after comparing the results of different specimens (articular cartilage, tendon, liver and glass ionomer) with previous studies results (using other devices) and give the same range the error percent of the device was less than 5%.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, 2022

This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae ... more This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae functional spinal unit with spondylolysis and different types of grade 1 spondylolisthesis using the finite element method. Methods: Nine nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models were reconstructed from computed tomography scans to five educational fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae models. The intervertebral disc was simulated in two conditions: four models with healthy discs and five models with degenerated discs. Each model consisted of two vertebrae divided into three bony parts, two endplates, an intervertebral disc and five ligaments. The flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation loading conditions were simulated, and the ranges of motion were measured and plotted. Results: In flexion, compared to the baseline intact model, the most significant increase in the range of motion was experienced by the isthmic spondylolisthesis model, while in extension, a reduction in the range of motion was measured in both prolonged pars and unilateral pars defect and healthy disc models. In degenerated disc results, the unilateral pars defect and degenerative spondylolisthesis models had the lowest range of motion. No large differences were noticed in lateral bending results. Lastly, in axial rotation, the most significant increase in the range of motion was measured in the isthmic spondylolisthesis model, followed by the spondylolysis model and similarly, in the degenerated disc models. Conclusions: The isthmic spondylolisthesis displayed hypermobility in flexion and rotation. Moreover, the model with unilateral pars defect showed hypermobility in axial rotation only. Finally, hypomobility in all movements was noticed with the degenerative spondylolisthesis model.

The fit of the prosthetic limb of the amputee is a key factor for rehabilitation, as well as the ... more The fit of the prosthetic limb of the amputee is a key factor for rehabilitation, as well as the type of prosthetic foot, which is one of the factors affecting the gait parameter. The study aims to measure the spatiotemporal parameters of below-knee amputation subjects and how it affected when the subjects fit to different prosthetic feet, also its effect on the rehabilitation process. Six male subjects with unilateral below-knee amputation were chosen to fit with four types of prosthetic feet (1S66 SACH foot Ottobock inc., 1C30 Trias carbon Ottobock inc., Dynastep Proteor group and Dynacity Proteor group), asked them to walk with their usual speed on the straight pathway perpendicularly with the camera, The Spatio-temporal parameters for both amputated leg and the sound leg measured manually by using the Kinovea software (Kinovea-0.8.15 software) from the videos recorded. The results show there are no significant differences in the spatiotemporal parameters for p=0.05 between the four types of prosthetic feet on the sound and amputee leg and the comparison between the amputee and sound leg show a significant difference for the single support time when the patients fit to Trias 1C30 and Dynastep p<0.05. This study concludes that there is a little effect of the prosthetics foot type on the spatiotemporal parameters for the objects activity level k1-k3, as well as well-trained objects had less affected.

Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, Jul 25, 2019

Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure for treatment of knee Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid a... more Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure for treatment of knee Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis and posttraumatic arthritis. The main goals of TKR are relieve the pain, restore function, mobility and restore normal limb alignment for the patients. The aim of the study to investigate the gait dynamic improvements following TKR surgery by compare the dynamic parameter preoperative and post-operative and then comparing the results with the normal gait parameters. The gait analysis was performed on five patients before and after they underwent unilateral TKR surgery. After three months from the total knee replacement there was a remarked increase in the function and decrease in pain. The varus and valgus malalignment will be return to normal alignment after operation, which is one of the main goals of the TKR. Post-operative cadence is higher than pre-operative for four patients, post-operative speed is faster than pre-operative for four patients and post-operative stride length is larger than preoperative for four patients. The patients continue to walk with significant gait abnormalities by examining the kinetics and the kinematics of the operated limb, the results show the knee function not fully restored three months after unilateraL TKR surgery.

IOP conference series, Jan 17, 2020

Many women remain unaware of the negative effect of high-heeled shoes and the damage and signific... more Many women remain unaware of the negative effect of high-heeled shoes and the damage and significant changes they can cause in the human body. Studying the effect of high heels during walking shows biomechanical changes in the person wearing the shoes based on their influence on ankle joints, foot pressure distribution, and muscle activity, and changes in Ground Reaction Forces. This study examined the effects of high heels and smooth-soled court shoes using gait analysis. Experiments were conducted on five healthy volunteers, who were all young women without known diseases or muscle or bone injuries; most were also accustomed to wearing high heels on a daily basis. The volunteers' average age was 22.4 years, the average height 160 cm, and the average weight 59.8 kg. Three types of high heels were used; each volunteer was thus required to walk barefoot, with 1 cm heels, 5 cm heels, and with 7cm heels. The result showed that the step length and ankle joint angle decreased as the heel height increased, causing the speed of gait to become slower and the cadence to increase, thus increasing vertical ground reaction force and the moment of the knee joint. Women should be advised not to wear shows with heel heights greater than 5 cm to reduce the injury risk and preserve comfort.

International journal of online and biomedical engineering, Oct 5, 2020

This Walking is the first manner of displacement for human and essential for daily life activitie... more This Walking is the first manner of displacement for human and essential for daily life activities. The human gait can be analyzed from several points of view and specialization. The Ilizarov frame is an external fixation device, primarily used for the treatment of complex fractures which adversely affects the functional state of the locomotor system. The objective of this paper was to analyses the spatiotemporal parameters of gait during treatment by the Ilizarov technique. Materials and methods: The study consists of 6 males with lower limb injuries performed walking trials, with and without the Ilizarov frame. Gait analysis was carried out using a camera and Kinovea application. Results: walking speed (p = 0.385), stride length (p =0.325), cadence (p = 0.641), stance time of operated limb (p = 0.265), swing time of operated limb (p = 0.959), double support time of operated limb (p=0.227) respectively were all no important difference with Ilizarov and without it. The times (stance, swing, and double support) (p=0.018) for non-operated limb have significantly different with Ilizarov.

Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering

Osseointegration prosthesis is a directly implanted fixation in the bone for limb amputees. It ha... more Osseointegration prosthesis is a directly implanted fixation in the bone for limb amputees. It has been used as an excellent alternative for amputees experiencing difficulties from the use of a traditional socket type prosthesis. A novel implant used for implanted prosthetics is designed and it depended on polymer as a primary material to increase bone osseointegration. As an alternative to the metallic material on the interface with the bone. The design consists of several parts and relies on thread to increase installation. This research aims to overcome the problems of loss implantation by using new designs for fixations. Evaluated this design by FEA (Finite element analysis) in different load cases to obtain the distribution of stress and force reaction when the implant displacement was applied. The polymeric part was designed in two shapes, each shape relies on a different size of threaded to verify the change of fixation with the threaded. As for the metal part, two cases were...

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar v... more Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae functional spinal unit with spondylolysis and different types of grade 1 spondylolisthesis using the finite element method. Methods: Nine nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models were reconstructed from computed tomography scans to five educational fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae models. The intervertebral disc was simulated in two conditions: four models with healthy discs and five models with degenerated discs. Each model consisted of two vertebrae divided into three bony parts, two endplates, an intervertebral disc and five ligaments. The flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation loading conditions were simulated, and the ranges of motion were measured and plotted. Results: In flexion, compared to the baseline intact model, the most significant increase in the range of motion was experienced by the isthmic spondylolisthesis model, while in extension, a reduc...

International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE)

Photogrammetry is a technique used to obtain a reliable database of any physical object, by creat... more Photogrammetry is a technique used to obtain a reliable database of any physical object, by creating a digital 3d model using multiple photos taken at different angles around the object. Recently, several fields have used this technique to build digital 3D models, such as topography, architecture, engineering, and medicine. Many recent dentistry studies have used the Structure-from-motion (SfM) Photogrammetry technique to reconstruct a digital three-dimensional (3D) model of a dental cast as an alternative to conventional scanning. In this research, the dental casts are constructed by applying the SfM Photogrammetry technique in which a guide to stepwise workflow is provided by utilizing simple tools which are: a smartphone camera, homemade photo studio setup, and Agisoft Metashape software. The agreements between the generated models and the reference dental casts are assessed using the Bland Altman method by calculating the mean value differences. All the calculated differences a...

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2022

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2022

Journal La Multiapp

Biocompatible implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal, polymer, and... more Biocompatible implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal, polymer, and ceramic to increase bone growth. This study aimed to create a new interface to enhance osseointegration. This interface is between the polymeric part and bone tissue. In this work coat PEEK (polyether ether ketone) plastic material coated with an active biocompatible material (hydroxyapatite). Regarding biocompatibility, coated PEEK was implanted inside the specimen in rabbit bone, the specimens were X-rayed after a period, and a histological investigation was performed after the samples were extracted from the test animals. X-ray and histological examination results indicate increased bone formation in the HA-coated implant compared with the non-coated HA implant.

International journal of online and biomedical engineering, Apr 12, 2024

The Ilizarov fixator is a type of external fixator that is used to treat patients who have suffer... more The Ilizarov fixator is a type of external fixator that is used to treat patients who have suffered injuries from accidents, bone shortening, or nonunion of the bone. The principle behind the Ilizarov fixator is that thin wires (called Kirschner wires) are used to support the bones and connect them to framed rings. Before being fastened to the rings, the wires are tensioned and drilled through the bones. This study suggests using a new parallel wires configuration at the same level on the same ring and two revised versions, which are divergent and convergent models, and compare them with standard wires, 60 angle wires model. All models were designed using SolidWorks, a computer-aided design (CAD) software, and then analyzed in four conditions (axial compression, medial bending, posterior bending, and torsion) with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using Ansys Workbench 2020 R2. Mechanical testing was conducted to validate the FEA results, A simple model consisting of a single ring, two K-wires, and polylactic acid (PLA) cylinders was utilized in a tensile test. It has been concluded from the results that the parallel model and its improvement have higher stiffness to axial compression, medial bending, and torsion, but a lower posterior bending stiffness, except the divergent model with 8-hole separation which has a relatively acceptable stiffness for posterior bending.

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences, Oct 30, 2023

A failing heart can be supported in several ways, including cardiopulmonary bypass pumps (CPB), e... more A failing heart can be supported in several ways, including cardiopulmonary bypass pumps (CPB), extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (ECMOs), and other types of auxiliary heart pumps. The intra-aortic-balloon-pump (IABP) is one technique of internal counter-pulsation that supports maintaining the circulatory system It continues to be used as a vascular support device to critically unwell cardiac patients. Many recent studies have focused on the problems of the (IABP) in open-heart surgery, while other researchers concentrated on the positioning and size of the balloon, some of them studied the timing of the balloon's inflation and deflation. this paper has reviewed a brief Introduction, the basic principles of the balloon, how to trigger the balloon pump as well as the use of IABP in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG), balloon mistiming of inflation and deflation, balloon timing usage within open-heart surgery and finally a balloon position and sizing.

Mağallaẗ al-Nahrayn li-l-ʿulūm al-handasiyyaẗ, Jun 23, 2024

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, Apr 10, 2024

Mağallaẗ al-Nahrayn li-l-ʿulūm al-handasiyyaẗ, Jun 23, 2024

Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering

Biocompatible bone implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal or polym... more Biocompatible bone implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal or polymer. Calcium hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6-OH2, HA is the primary inorganic component of human bone. Hydroxyapatite and polymer are biocompatible to the human body and help to increase bone growth. Increasing osseointegration by application of coating polymer on ceramic using the dip coating method is a challenge in itself for the success of the process of coating polymeric materials on ceramic materials using the previous method. This research aims to establish a new interface for promoting osseointegration. This interface between the polymeric part and the bone tissue to overcome the problems and failures that occur in the metal limbs implanted in the amputees. As a result of its rejection by the cells of the living body or the lack of good cohesion between the implant and the place of contact. In this work, coat PEEK plastic material coated with an active biocompatible material (Hydroxyapa...

Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences, Apr 3, 2022

Many joints in the body depend on cartilage for their mechanical function. Since cartilage lacks ... more Many joints in the body depend on cartilage for their mechanical function. Since cartilage lacks the ability to self-heal when injured, treatments and replacements for damaged cartilage have been created in recent decades. The mechanical tests had an important role in the treatment and designing of the replaced cartilage. There are two types of cartilages in the knees: fibrocartilage (the meniscus, it is a special type of cartilage) and hyaline cartilage. Its mechanical properties are important because structural failure of cartilage is closely related with joint disorders. This study aimed to determine the stress-strain curve to give broader understanding of the material's properties. The results of this study could help to develop computational models for evaluating mechanics of knee joint, predicting possible failure locations and disease progression in joints. The study involved two specimens taken from bovine, the first was the articular cartilage with subchondral bone and the second was the meniscus cartilage each one loaded on a compressive testing machine to compute the displacement, and the force applied, enabling the calculation of the stressstrain curve of the material. Specimen failure occurred in the articular cartilage surface at a force break of 73.8N and get force peak about 87.2 N. The meniscus cartilage failure had occurred at a force break of 29.2 N and get force peak about 34.9 N.

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2023

Several difficulties faced the researchers when tested a small and thin specimen in compression t... more Several difficulties faced the researchers when tested a small and thin specimen in compression testing device. They had problem of interaction between two different tissues, when they were used to enhance the height of the specimen during previous studies. Therefore, some of them forced to use the high load device for the small specimen and this was not accurate and cost too much. According to the significant of the compression test in finding the mechanical characteristics of the specimen, therefore this paper focuses on designing and manufacturing of low load compressive testing device, low cost and tabletop design. The device will use not only for the soft tissue but also for synthetic materials such as composites and elastomers, some of biomaterials, tissue samples and tissue-engineered constructs and other soft materials. The mechanical and electronic parts of the device selected carefully to suit the measuring requirements. The device controlled by the computer application using visual studio 2019 to start the test and display the results. A significant accurate reading of soft tissue specimen had provided by using digital dial gauge and high sensitive load cell for displacement and force measurement respectively as compared with standard reading of previous studies. Moreover, the results had been drawing as load-distance curve or could be saved by the application to the Microsoft Excel to get more results and give broader understanding of the material's properties. In this paper the designed device test; articular cartilage, tendon and liver specimens got maximum load at 78.76N, 397.23N and 15.73N respectively. In addition to these specimen the glass ionomer had been tested to find the ranges loading of the device. In conclusion, the range reading of the designed device was from 0N to 1500N. The device had a good validation, after comparing the results of different specimens (articular cartilage, tendon, liver and glass ionomer) with previous studies results (using other devices) and give the same range the error percent of the device was less than 5%.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, 2022

This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae ... more This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae functional spinal unit with spondylolysis and different types of grade 1 spondylolisthesis using the finite element method. Methods: Nine nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models were reconstructed from computed tomography scans to five educational fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae models. The intervertebral disc was simulated in two conditions: four models with healthy discs and five models with degenerated discs. Each model consisted of two vertebrae divided into three bony parts, two endplates, an intervertebral disc and five ligaments. The flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation loading conditions were simulated, and the ranges of motion were measured and plotted. Results: In flexion, compared to the baseline intact model, the most significant increase in the range of motion was experienced by the isthmic spondylolisthesis model, while in extension, a reduction in the range of motion was measured in both prolonged pars and unilateral pars defect and healthy disc models. In degenerated disc results, the unilateral pars defect and degenerative spondylolisthesis models had the lowest range of motion. No large differences were noticed in lateral bending results. Lastly, in axial rotation, the most significant increase in the range of motion was measured in the isthmic spondylolisthesis model, followed by the spondylolysis model and similarly, in the degenerated disc models. Conclusions: The isthmic spondylolisthesis displayed hypermobility in flexion and rotation. Moreover, the model with unilateral pars defect showed hypermobility in axial rotation only. Finally, hypomobility in all movements was noticed with the degenerative spondylolisthesis model.

The fit of the prosthetic limb of the amputee is a key factor for rehabilitation, as well as the ... more The fit of the prosthetic limb of the amputee is a key factor for rehabilitation, as well as the type of prosthetic foot, which is one of the factors affecting the gait parameter. The study aims to measure the spatiotemporal parameters of below-knee amputation subjects and how it affected when the subjects fit to different prosthetic feet, also its effect on the rehabilitation process. Six male subjects with unilateral below-knee amputation were chosen to fit with four types of prosthetic feet (1S66 SACH foot Ottobock inc., 1C30 Trias carbon Ottobock inc., Dynastep Proteor group and Dynacity Proteor group), asked them to walk with their usual speed on the straight pathway perpendicularly with the camera, The Spatio-temporal parameters for both amputated leg and the sound leg measured manually by using the Kinovea software (Kinovea-0.8.15 software) from the videos recorded. The results show there are no significant differences in the spatiotemporal parameters for p=0.05 between the four types of prosthetic feet on the sound and amputee leg and the comparison between the amputee and sound leg show a significant difference for the single support time when the patients fit to Trias 1C30 and Dynastep p<0.05. This study concludes that there is a little effect of the prosthetics foot type on the spatiotemporal parameters for the objects activity level k1-k3, as well as well-trained objects had less affected.

Maǧallaẗ al-handasaẗ wa-al-tiknūlūǧiyā, Jul 25, 2019

Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure for treatment of knee Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid a... more Total knee replacement is a surgical procedure for treatment of knee Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis and posttraumatic arthritis. The main goals of TKR are relieve the pain, restore function, mobility and restore normal limb alignment for the patients. The aim of the study to investigate the gait dynamic improvements following TKR surgery by compare the dynamic parameter preoperative and post-operative and then comparing the results with the normal gait parameters. The gait analysis was performed on five patients before and after they underwent unilateral TKR surgery. After three months from the total knee replacement there was a remarked increase in the function and decrease in pain. The varus and valgus malalignment will be return to normal alignment after operation, which is one of the main goals of the TKR. Post-operative cadence is higher than pre-operative for four patients, post-operative speed is faster than pre-operative for four patients and post-operative stride length is larger than preoperative for four patients. The patients continue to walk with significant gait abnormalities by examining the kinetics and the kinematics of the operated limb, the results show the knee function not fully restored three months after unilateraL TKR surgery.

IOP conference series, Jan 17, 2020

Many women remain unaware of the negative effect of high-heeled shoes and the damage and signific... more Many women remain unaware of the negative effect of high-heeled shoes and the damage and significant changes they can cause in the human body. Studying the effect of high heels during walking shows biomechanical changes in the person wearing the shoes based on their influence on ankle joints, foot pressure distribution, and muscle activity, and changes in Ground Reaction Forces. This study examined the effects of high heels and smooth-soled court shoes using gait analysis. Experiments were conducted on five healthy volunteers, who were all young women without known diseases or muscle or bone injuries; most were also accustomed to wearing high heels on a daily basis. The volunteers' average age was 22.4 years, the average height 160 cm, and the average weight 59.8 kg. Three types of high heels were used; each volunteer was thus required to walk barefoot, with 1 cm heels, 5 cm heels, and with 7cm heels. The result showed that the step length and ankle joint angle decreased as the heel height increased, causing the speed of gait to become slower and the cadence to increase, thus increasing vertical ground reaction force and the moment of the knee joint. Women should be advised not to wear shows with heel heights greater than 5 cm to reduce the injury risk and preserve comfort.

International journal of online and biomedical engineering, Oct 5, 2020

This Walking is the first manner of displacement for human and essential for daily life activitie... more This Walking is the first manner of displacement for human and essential for daily life activities. The human gait can be analyzed from several points of view and specialization. The Ilizarov frame is an external fixation device, primarily used for the treatment of complex fractures which adversely affects the functional state of the locomotor system. The objective of this paper was to analyses the spatiotemporal parameters of gait during treatment by the Ilizarov technique. Materials and methods: The study consists of 6 males with lower limb injuries performed walking trials, with and without the Ilizarov frame. Gait analysis was carried out using a camera and Kinovea application. Results: walking speed (p = 0.385), stride length (p =0.325), cadence (p = 0.641), stance time of operated limb (p = 0.265), swing time of operated limb (p = 0.959), double support time of operated limb (p=0.227) respectively were all no important difference with Ilizarov and without it. The times (stance, swing, and double support) (p=0.018) for non-operated limb have significantly different with Ilizarov.

Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering

Osseointegration prosthesis is a directly implanted fixation in the bone for limb amputees. It ha... more Osseointegration prosthesis is a directly implanted fixation in the bone for limb amputees. It has been used as an excellent alternative for amputees experiencing difficulties from the use of a traditional socket type prosthesis. A novel implant used for implanted prosthetics is designed and it depended on polymer as a primary material to increase bone osseointegration. As an alternative to the metallic material on the interface with the bone. The design consists of several parts and relies on thread to increase installation. This research aims to overcome the problems of loss implantation by using new designs for fixations. Evaluated this design by FEA (Finite element analysis) in different load cases to obtain the distribution of stress and force reaction when the implant displacement was applied. The polymeric part was designed in two shapes, each shape relies on a different size of threaded to verify the change of fixation with the threaded. As for the metal part, two cases were...

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar v... more Purpose: This work aimed to evaluate and characterize the motion of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae functional spinal unit with spondylolysis and different types of grade 1 spondylolisthesis using the finite element method. Methods: Nine nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models were reconstructed from computed tomography scans to five educational fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae models. The intervertebral disc was simulated in two conditions: four models with healthy discs and five models with degenerated discs. Each model consisted of two vertebrae divided into three bony parts, two endplates, an intervertebral disc and five ligaments. The flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation loading conditions were simulated, and the ranges of motion were measured and plotted. Results: In flexion, compared to the baseline intact model, the most significant increase in the range of motion was experienced by the isthmic spondylolisthesis model, while in extension, a reduc...

International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE)

Photogrammetry is a technique used to obtain a reliable database of any physical object, by creat... more Photogrammetry is a technique used to obtain a reliable database of any physical object, by creating a digital 3d model using multiple photos taken at different angles around the object. Recently, several fields have used this technique to build digital 3D models, such as topography, architecture, engineering, and medicine. Many recent dentistry studies have used the Structure-from-motion (SfM) Photogrammetry technique to reconstruct a digital three-dimensional (3D) model of a dental cast as an alternative to conventional scanning. In this research, the dental casts are constructed by applying the SfM Photogrammetry technique in which a guide to stepwise workflow is provided by utilizing simple tools which are: a smartphone camera, homemade photo studio setup, and Agisoft Metashape software. The agreements between the generated models and the reference dental casts are assessed using the Bland Altman method by calculating the mean value differences. All the calculated differences a...

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2022

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2022

Journal La Multiapp

Biocompatible implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal, polymer, and... more Biocompatible implants are often proposed to improve osseointegration such as metal, polymer, and ceramic to increase bone growth. This study aimed to create a new interface to enhance osseointegration. This interface is between the polymeric part and bone tissue. In this work coat PEEK (polyether ether ketone) plastic material coated with an active biocompatible material (hydroxyapatite). Regarding biocompatibility, coated PEEK was implanted inside the specimen in rabbit bone, the specimens were X-rayed after a period, and a histological investigation was performed after the samples were extracted from the test animals. X-ray and histological examination results indicate increased bone formation in the HA-coated implant compared with the non-coated HA implant.