Safa Alkalash - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Safa Alkalash

Research paper thumbnail of Public Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Its Related Risk Factors in Western Region, Saudi Arabia

Curēus, Jun 23, 2024

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwi... more Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recognition of its symptoms affects the time-sensitive benefits of reperfusion therapy. Furthermore, lowering the risk factors can prevent long-term complications. Objectives: To evaluate the public knowledge and perception of the symptoms and risk factors of ACS in the Saudi-Western region. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 733 among the general population in the western region of Saudi Arabia by using the Acute Coronary Syndrome Response Index, with additional questions about risk factors for heart attack and physical activities. The research information was acquired through a self-administered questionnaire without any identifying personal information. Result: Participants demonstrated awareness of certain ACS symptoms and risk factors. Chest pain was widely recognized (49.2%, n = 361), followed by shortness of breath (44.8%, n = 329), arm pain or shoulder pain (38.6%, n = 283), palpitation (37.3%, n = 274), and fatigue (22.2%, n = 163). A total of 544 (74.2%) and 474 (64.6%) respondents were aware that smoking and obesity are the most common risk factors for ACS, respectively. However, gaps persisted, particularly regarding the association between diabetes mellitus and ACS, with 31.6% (n = 232) reporting diabetes mellitus. A total of 331 (45.2%) and 322 (43.9%) study sample were unsure whether they could identify ACS in themselves or other people. However, 391 (53.3%) decided that they should go to the hospital as soon as possible when they have chest pain that does not stop after 15 minutes. Notably, female participants demonstrated substantially higher knowledge (OR = 2.40, p = 0.001). The study highlights the influence of gender, age, and education on ACS-related awareness. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into ACS awareness in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Relatively older respondents, female participants, and those with postgraduate education were more knowledgeable about ACS than the others. These findings emphasize the importance of tailored interventions for specific demographic groups in enhancing public health outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of Utilization Pattern and Related Knowledge of Nasal Decongestants Among the General Population in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Curēus, Jan 26, 2024

Background: Nasal decongestants, like phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine, are commonly used to rel... more Background: Nasal decongestants, like phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine, are commonly used to relieve nasal obstruction in conditions such as allergic rhinitis. They induce nasal passage dilation through vasoconstriction but can lead to serious side effects like hypertension and rebound congestion. Despite being easily accessible over the counter, their usage patterns and awareness of side effects are not well studied. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the utilization pattern and public knowledge of nasal decongestants in Al-Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia, in 2023. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study assessed the utilization pattern of nasal decongestants among those who were 10 years of age and older and resided in Al-Qunfudah governorate and its villages. Data were collected in three months, from June to August 2023, using a self-administered survey that was disseminated among the general population at Al-Qunfudah governorate on different electronic platforms like Twitter (X Corp.

Research paper thumbnail of Parents’ Knowledge On, Attitude Toward, and Practice of Screen Time Exposure Regulation of Their Children Under Six Years of Age in Western Region, Saudi Arabia

Cureus, Nov 25, 2023

Background: Children and teenagers spend a significant amount of time watching screens, which inc... more Background: Children and teenagers spend a significant amount of time watching screens, which include cellphones, tablets, gaming consoles, televisions, and computers. Regulation of screen time exposure is a crucial matter to avoid the health drawbacks of prolonged screen exposure. Objectives: Assessment of parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice of regulation screen exposure among their children under six years old in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 451 parents of under-six-yearold children in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected by using an online questionnaire, and a link to the survey was distributed to respondents via electronic platforms as well as to primary healthcare visitors. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: This study included 451 parents from the Saudi western region. Most of the participating parents were female (64.3%), aged 25-34 years (34.8%), married (86.0%), and had completed their university education (56.1%). This study found that 76.4% of parents had adequate knowledge, 73.1% had a positive attitude, and 69.8% had adequate practice of screen time regulation for their children under six years of age. Factors associated with their good knowledge include being married (p = 0.002), having government work (p = 0.020), having children who use mobile phones, and having children attend kindergarten (p <0.001) for each. Furthermore, highly educated parents showed more positive attitudes than others (p-value = 0.004). Finally, better practice of screen time regulation was noted among highly educated parents (p = 0.011), who had government jobs (p = 0.031), and children who went to kindergarten (p = 0.031) for their children. Conclusion: In this study, parents of under-six-year-old children possessed overall good knowledge and a positive attitude, but their actual practice of screen time regulation for their children was low, specifically in terms of parental supervision of the content that children watch, their care of children's regular exercise, and using devices as a method for motivating or punishing their children. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics like education, occupation, and marital status played a role in this issue. Healthcare professionals such as pediatricians, family doctors, general practitioners, and others can caution parents of young children under six years old about the harmful consequences of excessive screen use. Further longitudinal research is needed to understand the long-term effects of screen time exposure among young children. From this study, further qualitative research would aid in a greater understanding of the impact of parental knowledge, attitude, and practice on their children's use of screen time.

Research paper thumbnail of Public Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Vitamin D Deficiency in Al-Qunfudhah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Cureus, Jan 13, 2023

Background: Vitamin D is a very important component of all vital functions in the human body. Its... more Background: Vitamin D is a very important component of all vital functions in the human body. Its deficiency is a major public health issue worldwide and is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases. This study assessed knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding vitamin D deficiency among the general population in the Al-Qunfudhah governorate, Saudi Arabia. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out among the population in Al-Qunfudhah governorate, Saudi Arabia. A self-administrated online questionnaire was utilized to collect the research data during a period of four months from November 2021 to February 2022. Results: A sample of 466 participants was recruited in this study, about two-thirds of them were females (64.4%) and had a university education (67.8%). Despite 91% of them having previously heard about vitamin D, only (17.4%) were able to recognize sunlight exposure as a main source of vitamin D. Poor knowledge and positive attitude regarding vitamin D were obviously seen among 72.3% and 95.7%. Although 89% of the participants' family members had been diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D. Only 45% of the sample were willing to be compliant with vitamin D supplement whenever it is needed. The most reported source of information regarding vitamin D among the respondents was mass media (62.2%). The associated variables of good knowledge were female gender (P 0.001), young (P 0.001), unmarried (P 0.006), highly educated (P 0.048), and receiving medical information from physicians (P 0.018). Conclusion: This study reveals the poor level of knowledge about vitamin D deficiency among the Al-Qunfudhah population, and this negatively affected their compliance for vitamin D supplementation when having hypovitaminosis D. Positive attitude toward vitamin D deficiency among the majority of the participants was obvious and may direct them to change their behavior toward vitamin D. Therefore, this study highlights the necessity of educating and sensitizing population about vitamin D and prevention of its deficiency.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Skin Diseases among Primary School Children in Benha City, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt

Menoufia Medical Journal, May 8, 2023

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and types of skin diseases among primary school children in ... more Objectives: To assess the prevalence and types of skin diseases among primary school children in Benha City, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt. Background: Skin diseases are common among school-aged children, and many of such diseases are distressing for children in this age group. Patients and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 400 primary school children of both sexes in Benha City, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, in the period from April 2019 to February 2022. A well-designed interviewerbased questionnaire was applied to collect their demographic data and medical history, whereas signs of any skin disease were checked by the researcher through using a checklist. Results: The mean age of the studied participants was 9.65 ± 1.33 years. More than half of them were females (55.0%). Overall prevalence of skin diseases among them was 76.0%. The most common diseases were pediculosis capitis (23.0%), followed by pityriasis alba (10.0%), scabies (6%), and papular urticaria (6%). Residency, mother's work, computer use, per capita income, family size, crowding index, and nutritional status were determinants for disease occurrences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Skin diseases were common among primary school children in Benha City. The most common diseases were pediculosis capitis followed by pityriasis alba and then papular urticaria and scabies. Focused health education sessions are very crucial for school children, their parents, as well as their teachers to prevent such diseases. School health programs have to be empowered for early detection of any skin diseases through regular investigation of school children.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Among Adults in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of human monkeypox knowledge and beliefs regarding emerging viral infections among healthcare workers

International Journal of Emergency Medicine

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible factors that might be accompanied b... more Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible factors that might be accompanied by high level of human monkey pox (HMPX) knowledge and to explain the relationship between HMPX knowledge and Beliefs regarding emerging viral infections. Study design A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted for the implementation of this study. Methods Study was conducted at two general hospitals in Mansoura City (Old General Hospital and International Hospital) El Dakahlia Governorate among 620 healthcare workers (HCWs) using a self-managed questionnaire for 1 week (1 to 7 January 2023). The questionnaire has items adapted from the previously published literature to assess HMPX knowledge and Beliefs regarding emerging viral infections. Results The mean age of the study sample was 27.97 years and most of them were female (86.1%). Physicians and other HCWs (nurses, laboratory technicians, radiographer technicians, and pharmacists) had significantly different levels of knowledge ...

Research paper thumbnail of Patients’ Attitudes Toward the Involvement of Medical Students in Their Health Care in the Family Medicine Clinics in the Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Oral Hygiene Practices of Secondary School Students in Al-Qunfudah District, Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge on, Attitude Toward, and Practice of Contraceptive Methods Among Females of Reproductive Age in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Cureus, Mar 23, 2023

Background One of the main goals of Vision 2030 in Saudi Arabia is to increase the participation ... more Background One of the main goals of Vision 2030 in Saudi Arabia is to increase the participation rate of Saudi females in the workforce. This adjustment may have a big impact on how they use contraception and increase the tendency to space out their children's births appropriately to help them balance their home and work lives. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge on, attitude toward, and practice of contraceptive methods among females of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Al-Qunfudah governorate,

Research paper thumbnail of Satisfaction and anxiety level during clinical training among nursing students

BMC Nursing

Background Quality is a primary concern of health care agencies worldwide. A conducive clinical t... more Background Quality is a primary concern of health care agencies worldwide. A conducive clinical training environment is essential for nursing students to be capable of enhancing their learning experiences and achieving the desired training outcomes. Aim This study aimed to examine the satisfaction and anxiety levels during clinical training among nursing students. Type of study A descriptive -analytical cross-sectional study design was utilized. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University and Colleges of Applied Medical Sciences in Alnamas and Bisha, University of Bisha. Sampling method: A convenience sampling technique was used. Sample size: a sample of 1052 undergraduate nursing students. The data was gathered via a structured questionnaire including the socio-demographic characteristics and nursing students’ satisfaction with the hospital and laboratory training. Additionally, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was adopted to measure the anxiety level. Re...

Research paper thumbnail of Public Knowledge of Osteoarthritis in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Cureus

Background: Joint pain is one of the most frequent complaints among adults and older people in pr... more Background: Joint pain is one of the most frequent complaints among adults and older people in primary healthcare settings worldwide. There are many causes for joint pain, osteoarthritis (OA) is so far the most prevalent form of arthritis that causes joint pain. It can attack almost any joint, but the most frequently affected joints are the hands, knees, hips, and spine. This study aimed to identify public knowledge of OA and its associative variables in Al-Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive community-based study was carried out among the general population in the Al-Qunfudah governorate. The research data were collected over two months, from November to December 2022, via an Arabic version of a self-administrated online survey of 29 items. Results: A total of 746 respondents were included in this study. The majority of them were females (78%). The age group 18-29 was predominant. In terms of education, 69.9% were holding university degrees. The overall participants' knowledge of OA was poor at 36.1%, fair at 36.8%, and good at 26.9%. The associative variables with better participants' knowledge were; holding university degrees (P=0.021), being a student (P<0.001) and living in urban areas (P=0.020), having normal BMI (P=0.018), and depending on the school topics as a source of information (P<0.001). Good knowledge was significantly higher among healthy individuals and non-smokers (P<0.001) for each variable. Conclusion: This study reveals the lack of knowledge of osteoarthritis among the general population in Al-Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia. Being a student, university educated, from urban areas, and having a normal BMI, all were associative factors with good knowledge. Therefore, this study highlights the necessity for providing awareness and educational campaigns for the public, focusing on the rural population.

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of and Attitude Toward Disaster Preparedness Among Secondary School Students in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

Background Disaster is any unexpected event that leads to significant harm exceeding the capacity... more Background Disaster is any unexpected event that leads to significant harm exceeding the capacity of the affected community for coping. Unfortunately, disasters have increased during the last few years globally. Knowledge and attitude of people are the main steps for the success of disaster preparedness and management. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge and attitude about disaster preparedness among secondary school students in the western region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted on a sample of 726 secondary school students who were chosen from the western region of Saudi Arabia through a multistage sampling approach. The data were collected using a validated, self-administered, electronic questionnaire comprising 34 items. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results A total of 726 respondents were recruited in this study. The majority of the respondents were females (79.5%), and about half (53.9%) belonged to the 17-18-year age group. About half of the participants had a good understanding of disaster preparedness. The most common source of their information was social media (78.8%). Despite the majority of the study population showing a positive attitude toward disaster preparedness, only 34.2% of the respondents were previously involved in a disaster drill(s) or workshop(s). Students' knowledge of disaster preparedness was significantly associated with their gender (p < 0.001), father's and mother's education (p < 0.001 for each), father's occupation (p = 0.005), and average monthly income (p < 0.001). The average monthly income of parents was shown to be significantly correlated with attitude scores toward disaster management preparedness. Conclusions This study revealed that the perceived knowledge regarding disaster preparedness among secondary school students in the western region of Saudi Arabia was fair with a high level of positive attitude toward it. Educated parents, employed fathers, and high family income were associated with good knowledge of students. Disaster response training simulation for students is highly recommended to be involved in the curricula.

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of polycystic ovary syndrome among females in Al- Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional community-based study

Medical Science

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) considered one of the foremost common endocrinologic... more Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) considered one of the foremost common endocrinological diseases, which affects women of childbearing age and their quality of life. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among a simple random sample of 826 females whose ages of 18-years-old and above in Al-Qunfudah governorate. Data were collected through a validated, electronic self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge toward PCOS. Results: A total of 826 women from different areas of Al-Qunfudah governorate were recruited in this study,47.3% of them whose ages between 18 to 24 years and 39.3% were residents ofAl-Qunfudah city. A percentage of 11.9 of this study sample self-reported as being previously diagnosed of PCO, of whom 65.3% received treatment. There was a significant association between knowledge score and age (p=0.000),marital status (p=0.036), educational level (p=0.000), prior knowledge about PCOS and its symptoms (p=0.000) and self-reported PCOS diagnosis(p=0.000). Conclusions: Knowledge levels varied among participants of different socio-demographic backgrounds. Better knowledge was evident among younger and married participants, university graduates, participants with previous background regarding PCOS and its symptoms, as well as participants with self-reported PCOS diagnoses.

Research paper thumbnail of Beliefs, perceptions, knowledge and psychological impact of acne vulgaris among youths in Alqunfudhah District, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Medical science, Nov 11, 2022

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin conditions, especially in adolescen... more Introduction: Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin conditions, especially in adolescents, youths and young adults. Acne has negative effects on the body, society and the mind. This study aimed to measure beliefs, perceptions and knowledge determine the psychological symptoms associated with acne vulgarity among youths in Alqunfudhah District, kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 1092 in Alqunfudhah district, KSA in the time from May to July 2022. It was selected by a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a predesigned self-administrated questionnaire. Results: Based on the results, 64.9% of the participants (709) were suffering from acne. Around three quarters of the participants' age ranged from 20-25 years, 80.4% were females. Nutrition was the commonest factor believed to cause acne. The most common treatment used for acne was ointment from the pharmacist, 44.6% reported their worry about acne and dark spots made them anxious about acne. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris is more prevalent among female youths. Only one third of the participants had a good knowledge level about it.

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness Regarding Diabetic Retinopathy Among Adult Diabetic Patients in Al Qunfudah District

Cureus

Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide. Diabetic patients may su... more Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide. Diabetic patients may suffer many complications including diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated. Methodology A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among a sample of 251 adult diabetic patients in the Al Qunfudah district. A self-administrated questionnaire was used for data collection and consisted of the following three sections: sociodemographic data, diabetes mellitus, and diabetic retinopathy-related data. Results Out of the 251 participants, 68.5% recognized that diabetes mellitus can cause eye disorders, and 72.5% of the participants knew that regular eye examinations are recommended for diabetic patients. Adequate knowledge score was observed among diabetic patients aged 25-49 years (52.6%), with a university education (53.5%), with a history of diabetes for 10 years and more (60.5%), those on insulin therapy (55.3%), those adherent to their regular treatment (92.1%), and those getting their information from doctors (73.7%). Conclusions Diabetic patients had average knowledge about diabetic retinopathy but little awareness regarding the frequency of regular eye examinations and the physicians who should conduct them. Intensive health education concerning diabetic retinopathy should be conducted for diabetic patients and their caregivers to improve their perception and compliance with eye care and prevent visual damage in the Al Qunfudhah district.

Research paper thumbnail of Promotion of knowledge, attitude, and practice among medical undergraduates regarding infection control measures during COVID-19 pandemic

Frontiers in Public Health, Sep 15, 2022

Conclusion: The training course has shown its capability in the promotion of medical undergraduat... more Conclusion: The training course has shown its capability in the promotion of medical undergraduates' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward infection control measures.

Research paper thumbnail of Perceptions of distance learning among Al-Qunfudhah medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2022

Objectives This study aimed to assess perceptions among undergraduate medical students toward di... more Objectives
This study aimed to assess perceptions among undergraduate medical students toward distance learning and its effects on their academic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic at Al-Qunfudhah College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA.

Material and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at Al-Qunfudhah College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA, during the 2020–2021 academic year. Data were collected through a predesigned, well-structured online survey from (1st March to 31th May 2021).

Results
A sample of 223 undergraduates responded to an online survey, with a response rate of 74.3%; female students represented 54.3%. Blended education was preferred by most students (73.1%). Moreover, 72.2% of students perceived that distance learning saved their time, and approximately two-thirds (61.4%) were stimulated by the availability of lecture recordings. Approximately 59% and 54% reported that distance learning was more comfortable and improved their technology skills, respectively. Poor communication (66%) and network problems (61.4%) were the most common challenges in distance learning. Nonetheless, a substantial increase (P = 0.001) in students' grade point averages was observed with distance learning.

Conclusion
Most medical students preferred blended education combining the advantages of both traditional and distance learning strategies. The availability of educational materials, improvements in students' technological skills and time saving were the most perceived benefits of distance learning among students. However, the main obstacles were internet problems, poor communication and deprivation from real clinical practice. Despite the improvement in students' grade point averages during distance learning compared with traditional learning, blended education was recommended by the majority or participants.

Research paper thumbnail of Mothers' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding their primary school children's oral hygiene

Menoufia Medical Journal, 2020

Background Evaluation of parental knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dental hygiene is a... more Background Evaluation of parental knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dental hygiene is an important tool which projects parent's outlook toward oral health of their children. Proper dental hygiene prevents dental caries and allows early detection for any abnormality in earlier stages. Objective The aim was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers regarding oral health and its effect on their children's dental health status. Patients and methods This is a cross-sectional study of a random sample of 392 primary school children and their mothers. The children were selected randomly from two primary schools randomly selected from Shebeen El-Kom district's primary schools and proportionally allocated according to the total number of children in each school. A predesigned questionnaire was used to assess mother's knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding their child's oral hygiene. Results Good knowledge of proper oral hygiene was represented by 88.5% of the studied group. Approximately 70% of the studied group had positive attitude toward proper oral hygiene, and 52.3% had satisfactory level of oral hygiene practice. The study shows a statistical significant difference of mothers' good knowledge level and their education, occupation, and socioeconomic status. Proper knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene statistically significantly increase the absence of decayed or filled teeth. Conclusion Good knowledge, positive attitude, and satisfactory practice of mothers regarding child's oral hygiene affect dental health status of the studied children.

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge and attitude of adult females regarding breast cancer and its early detection in Alqunfudhah district: A cross sectional community based study

Medical Science, 2022

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest cancer among Saudi women. Awareness about its scr... more Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest cancer among Saudi women. Awareness about its screening among females is a crucial issue for early detection of breast abnormalities and interference to reduce its complications. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 421 adult females in Alqunfudhah district. Data were collected through a selfadministered questionnaire to assess their knowledge and attitude towards breast cancer screening. Results: A total of 421 females responded to survey 83.4%, 63.4 % and 44.4% of them respectively knew about breast selfexaminations, clinical examinations, and mammography. Most information was from media (67.9%). The commonest risk factor was family history (88.1%) while occurrence of a breast mass was the most identified warning sign (96.9%). Good knowledge was significantly higher among highly educated females (P 0.008) and whose high family income (P 0.000) whiles their positive attitude was significantly higher among younger females (P 0.003). Conclusion: Females' knowledge and attitude towards breast cancer screening were not up to expected and this indicated necessity to promote breast cancer screening by intensifying educational campaigns and increasing screening programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Public Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Its Related Risk Factors in Western Region, Saudi Arabia

Curēus, Jun 23, 2024

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwi... more Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recognition of its symptoms affects the time-sensitive benefits of reperfusion therapy. Furthermore, lowering the risk factors can prevent long-term complications. Objectives: To evaluate the public knowledge and perception of the symptoms and risk factors of ACS in the Saudi-Western region. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 733 among the general population in the western region of Saudi Arabia by using the Acute Coronary Syndrome Response Index, with additional questions about risk factors for heart attack and physical activities. The research information was acquired through a self-administered questionnaire without any identifying personal information. Result: Participants demonstrated awareness of certain ACS symptoms and risk factors. Chest pain was widely recognized (49.2%, n = 361), followed by shortness of breath (44.8%, n = 329), arm pain or shoulder pain (38.6%, n = 283), palpitation (37.3%, n = 274), and fatigue (22.2%, n = 163). A total of 544 (74.2%) and 474 (64.6%) respondents were aware that smoking and obesity are the most common risk factors for ACS, respectively. However, gaps persisted, particularly regarding the association between diabetes mellitus and ACS, with 31.6% (n = 232) reporting diabetes mellitus. A total of 331 (45.2%) and 322 (43.9%) study sample were unsure whether they could identify ACS in themselves or other people. However, 391 (53.3%) decided that they should go to the hospital as soon as possible when they have chest pain that does not stop after 15 minutes. Notably, female participants demonstrated substantially higher knowledge (OR = 2.40, p = 0.001). The study highlights the influence of gender, age, and education on ACS-related awareness. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into ACS awareness in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Relatively older respondents, female participants, and those with postgraduate education were more knowledgeable about ACS than the others. These findings emphasize the importance of tailored interventions for specific demographic groups in enhancing public health outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of Utilization Pattern and Related Knowledge of Nasal Decongestants Among the General Population in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Curēus, Jan 26, 2024

Background: Nasal decongestants, like phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine, are commonly used to rel... more Background: Nasal decongestants, like phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine, are commonly used to relieve nasal obstruction in conditions such as allergic rhinitis. They induce nasal passage dilation through vasoconstriction but can lead to serious side effects like hypertension and rebound congestion. Despite being easily accessible over the counter, their usage patterns and awareness of side effects are not well studied. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the utilization pattern and public knowledge of nasal decongestants in Al-Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia, in 2023. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study assessed the utilization pattern of nasal decongestants among those who were 10 years of age and older and resided in Al-Qunfudah governorate and its villages. Data were collected in three months, from June to August 2023, using a self-administered survey that was disseminated among the general population at Al-Qunfudah governorate on different electronic platforms like Twitter (X Corp.

Research paper thumbnail of Parents’ Knowledge On, Attitude Toward, and Practice of Screen Time Exposure Regulation of Their Children Under Six Years of Age in Western Region, Saudi Arabia

Cureus, Nov 25, 2023

Background: Children and teenagers spend a significant amount of time watching screens, which inc... more Background: Children and teenagers spend a significant amount of time watching screens, which include cellphones, tablets, gaming consoles, televisions, and computers. Regulation of screen time exposure is a crucial matter to avoid the health drawbacks of prolonged screen exposure. Objectives: Assessment of parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice of regulation screen exposure among their children under six years old in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 451 parents of under-six-yearold children in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected by using an online questionnaire, and a link to the survey was distributed to respondents via electronic platforms as well as to primary healthcare visitors. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: This study included 451 parents from the Saudi western region. Most of the participating parents were female (64.3%), aged 25-34 years (34.8%), married (86.0%), and had completed their university education (56.1%). This study found that 76.4% of parents had adequate knowledge, 73.1% had a positive attitude, and 69.8% had adequate practice of screen time regulation for their children under six years of age. Factors associated with their good knowledge include being married (p = 0.002), having government work (p = 0.020), having children who use mobile phones, and having children attend kindergarten (p <0.001) for each. Furthermore, highly educated parents showed more positive attitudes than others (p-value = 0.004). Finally, better practice of screen time regulation was noted among highly educated parents (p = 0.011), who had government jobs (p = 0.031), and children who went to kindergarten (p = 0.031) for their children. Conclusion: In this study, parents of under-six-year-old children possessed overall good knowledge and a positive attitude, but their actual practice of screen time regulation for their children was low, specifically in terms of parental supervision of the content that children watch, their care of children's regular exercise, and using devices as a method for motivating or punishing their children. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics like education, occupation, and marital status played a role in this issue. Healthcare professionals such as pediatricians, family doctors, general practitioners, and others can caution parents of young children under six years old about the harmful consequences of excessive screen use. Further longitudinal research is needed to understand the long-term effects of screen time exposure among young children. From this study, further qualitative research would aid in a greater understanding of the impact of parental knowledge, attitude, and practice on their children's use of screen time.

Research paper thumbnail of Public Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Vitamin D Deficiency in Al-Qunfudhah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Cureus, Jan 13, 2023

Background: Vitamin D is a very important component of all vital functions in the human body. Its... more Background: Vitamin D is a very important component of all vital functions in the human body. Its deficiency is a major public health issue worldwide and is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases. This study assessed knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding vitamin D deficiency among the general population in the Al-Qunfudhah governorate, Saudi Arabia. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out among the population in Al-Qunfudhah governorate, Saudi Arabia. A self-administrated online questionnaire was utilized to collect the research data during a period of four months from November 2021 to February 2022. Results: A sample of 466 participants was recruited in this study, about two-thirds of them were females (64.4%) and had a university education (67.8%). Despite 91% of them having previously heard about vitamin D, only (17.4%) were able to recognize sunlight exposure as a main source of vitamin D. Poor knowledge and positive attitude regarding vitamin D were obviously seen among 72.3% and 95.7%. Although 89% of the participants' family members had been diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D. Only 45% of the sample were willing to be compliant with vitamin D supplement whenever it is needed. The most reported source of information regarding vitamin D among the respondents was mass media (62.2%). The associated variables of good knowledge were female gender (P 0.001), young (P 0.001), unmarried (P 0.006), highly educated (P 0.048), and receiving medical information from physicians (P 0.018). Conclusion: This study reveals the poor level of knowledge about vitamin D deficiency among the Al-Qunfudhah population, and this negatively affected their compliance for vitamin D supplementation when having hypovitaminosis D. Positive attitude toward vitamin D deficiency among the majority of the participants was obvious and may direct them to change their behavior toward vitamin D. Therefore, this study highlights the necessity of educating and sensitizing population about vitamin D and prevention of its deficiency.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of Skin Diseases among Primary School Children in Benha City, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt

Menoufia Medical Journal, May 8, 2023

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and types of skin diseases among primary school children in ... more Objectives: To assess the prevalence and types of skin diseases among primary school children in Benha City, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt. Background: Skin diseases are common among school-aged children, and many of such diseases are distressing for children in this age group. Patients and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 400 primary school children of both sexes in Benha City, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, in the period from April 2019 to February 2022. A well-designed interviewerbased questionnaire was applied to collect their demographic data and medical history, whereas signs of any skin disease were checked by the researcher through using a checklist. Results: The mean age of the studied participants was 9.65 ± 1.33 years. More than half of them were females (55.0%). Overall prevalence of skin diseases among them was 76.0%. The most common diseases were pediculosis capitis (23.0%), followed by pityriasis alba (10.0%), scabies (6%), and papular urticaria (6%). Residency, mother's work, computer use, per capita income, family size, crowding index, and nutritional status were determinants for disease occurrences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Skin diseases were common among primary school children in Benha City. The most common diseases were pediculosis capitis followed by pityriasis alba and then papular urticaria and scabies. Focused health education sessions are very crucial for school children, their parents, as well as their teachers to prevent such diseases. School health programs have to be empowered for early detection of any skin diseases through regular investigation of school children.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Among Adults in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of human monkeypox knowledge and beliefs regarding emerging viral infections among healthcare workers

International Journal of Emergency Medicine

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible factors that might be accompanied b... more Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible factors that might be accompanied by high level of human monkey pox (HMPX) knowledge and to explain the relationship between HMPX knowledge and Beliefs regarding emerging viral infections. Study design A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted for the implementation of this study. Methods Study was conducted at two general hospitals in Mansoura City (Old General Hospital and International Hospital) El Dakahlia Governorate among 620 healthcare workers (HCWs) using a self-managed questionnaire for 1 week (1 to 7 January 2023). The questionnaire has items adapted from the previously published literature to assess HMPX knowledge and Beliefs regarding emerging viral infections. Results The mean age of the study sample was 27.97 years and most of them were female (86.1%). Physicians and other HCWs (nurses, laboratory technicians, radiographer technicians, and pharmacists) had significantly different levels of knowledge ...

Research paper thumbnail of Patients’ Attitudes Toward the Involvement of Medical Students in Their Health Care in the Family Medicine Clinics in the Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Oral Hygiene Practices of Secondary School Students in Al-Qunfudah District, Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge on, Attitude Toward, and Practice of Contraceptive Methods Among Females of Reproductive Age in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Cureus, Mar 23, 2023

Background One of the main goals of Vision 2030 in Saudi Arabia is to increase the participation ... more Background One of the main goals of Vision 2030 in Saudi Arabia is to increase the participation rate of Saudi females in the workforce. This adjustment may have a big impact on how they use contraception and increase the tendency to space out their children's births appropriately to help them balance their home and work lives. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge on, attitude toward, and practice of contraceptive methods among females of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Al-Qunfudah governorate,

Research paper thumbnail of Satisfaction and anxiety level during clinical training among nursing students

BMC Nursing

Background Quality is a primary concern of health care agencies worldwide. A conducive clinical t... more Background Quality is a primary concern of health care agencies worldwide. A conducive clinical training environment is essential for nursing students to be capable of enhancing their learning experiences and achieving the desired training outcomes. Aim This study aimed to examine the satisfaction and anxiety levels during clinical training among nursing students. Type of study A descriptive -analytical cross-sectional study design was utilized. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University and Colleges of Applied Medical Sciences in Alnamas and Bisha, University of Bisha. Sampling method: A convenience sampling technique was used. Sample size: a sample of 1052 undergraduate nursing students. The data was gathered via a structured questionnaire including the socio-demographic characteristics and nursing students’ satisfaction with the hospital and laboratory training. Additionally, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was adopted to measure the anxiety level. Re...

Research paper thumbnail of Public Knowledge of Osteoarthritis in Al-Qunfudah Governorate, Saudi Arabia

Cureus

Background: Joint pain is one of the most frequent complaints among adults and older people in pr... more Background: Joint pain is one of the most frequent complaints among adults and older people in primary healthcare settings worldwide. There are many causes for joint pain, osteoarthritis (OA) is so far the most prevalent form of arthritis that causes joint pain. It can attack almost any joint, but the most frequently affected joints are the hands, knees, hips, and spine. This study aimed to identify public knowledge of OA and its associative variables in Al-Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive community-based study was carried out among the general population in the Al-Qunfudah governorate. The research data were collected over two months, from November to December 2022, via an Arabic version of a self-administrated online survey of 29 items. Results: A total of 746 respondents were included in this study. The majority of them were females (78%). The age group 18-29 was predominant. In terms of education, 69.9% were holding university degrees. The overall participants' knowledge of OA was poor at 36.1%, fair at 36.8%, and good at 26.9%. The associative variables with better participants' knowledge were; holding university degrees (P=0.021), being a student (P<0.001) and living in urban areas (P=0.020), having normal BMI (P=0.018), and depending on the school topics as a source of information (P<0.001). Good knowledge was significantly higher among healthy individuals and non-smokers (P<0.001) for each variable. Conclusion: This study reveals the lack of knowledge of osteoarthritis among the general population in Al-Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia. Being a student, university educated, from urban areas, and having a normal BMI, all were associative factors with good knowledge. Therefore, this study highlights the necessity for providing awareness and educational campaigns for the public, focusing on the rural population.

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of and Attitude Toward Disaster Preparedness Among Secondary School Students in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

Background Disaster is any unexpected event that leads to significant harm exceeding the capacity... more Background Disaster is any unexpected event that leads to significant harm exceeding the capacity of the affected community for coping. Unfortunately, disasters have increased during the last few years globally. Knowledge and attitude of people are the main steps for the success of disaster preparedness and management. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge and attitude about disaster preparedness among secondary school students in the western region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted on a sample of 726 secondary school students who were chosen from the western region of Saudi Arabia through a multistage sampling approach. The data were collected using a validated, self-administered, electronic questionnaire comprising 34 items. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results A total of 726 respondents were recruited in this study. The majority of the respondents were females (79.5%), and about half (53.9%) belonged to the 17-18-year age group. About half of the participants had a good understanding of disaster preparedness. The most common source of their information was social media (78.8%). Despite the majority of the study population showing a positive attitude toward disaster preparedness, only 34.2% of the respondents were previously involved in a disaster drill(s) or workshop(s). Students' knowledge of disaster preparedness was significantly associated with their gender (p < 0.001), father's and mother's education (p < 0.001 for each), father's occupation (p = 0.005), and average monthly income (p < 0.001). The average monthly income of parents was shown to be significantly correlated with attitude scores toward disaster management preparedness. Conclusions This study revealed that the perceived knowledge regarding disaster preparedness among secondary school students in the western region of Saudi Arabia was fair with a high level of positive attitude toward it. Educated parents, employed fathers, and high family income were associated with good knowledge of students. Disaster response training simulation for students is highly recommended to be involved in the curricula.

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of polycystic ovary syndrome among females in Al- Qunfudah governorate, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional community-based study

Medical Science

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) considered one of the foremost common endocrinologic... more Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) considered one of the foremost common endocrinological diseases, which affects women of childbearing age and their quality of life. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among a simple random sample of 826 females whose ages of 18-years-old and above in Al-Qunfudah governorate. Data were collected through a validated, electronic self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge toward PCOS. Results: A total of 826 women from different areas of Al-Qunfudah governorate were recruited in this study,47.3% of them whose ages between 18 to 24 years and 39.3% were residents ofAl-Qunfudah city. A percentage of 11.9 of this study sample self-reported as being previously diagnosed of PCO, of whom 65.3% received treatment. There was a significant association between knowledge score and age (p=0.000),marital status (p=0.036), educational level (p=0.000), prior knowledge about PCOS and its symptoms (p=0.000) and self-reported PCOS diagnosis(p=0.000). Conclusions: Knowledge levels varied among participants of different socio-demographic backgrounds. Better knowledge was evident among younger and married participants, university graduates, participants with previous background regarding PCOS and its symptoms, as well as participants with self-reported PCOS diagnoses.

Research paper thumbnail of Beliefs, perceptions, knowledge and psychological impact of acne vulgaris among youths in Alqunfudhah District, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Medical science, Nov 11, 2022

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin conditions, especially in adolescen... more Introduction: Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin conditions, especially in adolescents, youths and young adults. Acne has negative effects on the body, society and the mind. This study aimed to measure beliefs, perceptions and knowledge determine the psychological symptoms associated with acne vulgarity among youths in Alqunfudhah District, kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 1092 in Alqunfudhah district, KSA in the time from May to July 2022. It was selected by a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a predesigned self-administrated questionnaire. Results: Based on the results, 64.9% of the participants (709) were suffering from acne. Around three quarters of the participants' age ranged from 20-25 years, 80.4% were females. Nutrition was the commonest factor believed to cause acne. The most common treatment used for acne was ointment from the pharmacist, 44.6% reported their worry about acne and dark spots made them anxious about acne. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris is more prevalent among female youths. Only one third of the participants had a good knowledge level about it.

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness Regarding Diabetic Retinopathy Among Adult Diabetic Patients in Al Qunfudah District

Cureus

Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide. Diabetic patients may su... more Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem worldwide. Diabetic patients may suffer many complications including diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated. Methodology A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among a sample of 251 adult diabetic patients in the Al Qunfudah district. A self-administrated questionnaire was used for data collection and consisted of the following three sections: sociodemographic data, diabetes mellitus, and diabetic retinopathy-related data. Results Out of the 251 participants, 68.5% recognized that diabetes mellitus can cause eye disorders, and 72.5% of the participants knew that regular eye examinations are recommended for diabetic patients. Adequate knowledge score was observed among diabetic patients aged 25-49 years (52.6%), with a university education (53.5%), with a history of diabetes for 10 years and more (60.5%), those on insulin therapy (55.3%), those adherent to their regular treatment (92.1%), and those getting their information from doctors (73.7%). Conclusions Diabetic patients had average knowledge about diabetic retinopathy but little awareness regarding the frequency of regular eye examinations and the physicians who should conduct them. Intensive health education concerning diabetic retinopathy should be conducted for diabetic patients and their caregivers to improve their perception and compliance with eye care and prevent visual damage in the Al Qunfudhah district.

Research paper thumbnail of Promotion of knowledge, attitude, and practice among medical undergraduates regarding infection control measures during COVID-19 pandemic

Frontiers in Public Health, Sep 15, 2022

Conclusion: The training course has shown its capability in the promotion of medical undergraduat... more Conclusion: The training course has shown its capability in the promotion of medical undergraduates' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward infection control measures.

Research paper thumbnail of Perceptions of distance learning among Al-Qunfudhah medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2022

Objectives This study aimed to assess perceptions among undergraduate medical students toward di... more Objectives
This study aimed to assess perceptions among undergraduate medical students toward distance learning and its effects on their academic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic at Al-Qunfudhah College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA.

Material and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at Al-Qunfudhah College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA, during the 2020–2021 academic year. Data were collected through a predesigned, well-structured online survey from (1st March to 31th May 2021).

Results
A sample of 223 undergraduates responded to an online survey, with a response rate of 74.3%; female students represented 54.3%. Blended education was preferred by most students (73.1%). Moreover, 72.2% of students perceived that distance learning saved their time, and approximately two-thirds (61.4%) were stimulated by the availability of lecture recordings. Approximately 59% and 54% reported that distance learning was more comfortable and improved their technology skills, respectively. Poor communication (66%) and network problems (61.4%) were the most common challenges in distance learning. Nonetheless, a substantial increase (P = 0.001) in students' grade point averages was observed with distance learning.

Conclusion
Most medical students preferred blended education combining the advantages of both traditional and distance learning strategies. The availability of educational materials, improvements in students' technological skills and time saving were the most perceived benefits of distance learning among students. However, the main obstacles were internet problems, poor communication and deprivation from real clinical practice. Despite the improvement in students' grade point averages during distance learning compared with traditional learning, blended education was recommended by the majority or participants.

Research paper thumbnail of Mothers' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding their primary school children's oral hygiene

Menoufia Medical Journal, 2020

Background Evaluation of parental knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dental hygiene is a... more Background Evaluation of parental knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dental hygiene is an important tool which projects parent's outlook toward oral health of their children. Proper dental hygiene prevents dental caries and allows early detection for any abnormality in earlier stages. Objective The aim was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers regarding oral health and its effect on their children's dental health status. Patients and methods This is a cross-sectional study of a random sample of 392 primary school children and their mothers. The children were selected randomly from two primary schools randomly selected from Shebeen El-Kom district's primary schools and proportionally allocated according to the total number of children in each school. A predesigned questionnaire was used to assess mother's knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding their child's oral hygiene. Results Good knowledge of proper oral hygiene was represented by 88.5% of the studied group. Approximately 70% of the studied group had positive attitude toward proper oral hygiene, and 52.3% had satisfactory level of oral hygiene practice. The study shows a statistical significant difference of mothers' good knowledge level and their education, occupation, and socioeconomic status. Proper knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene statistically significantly increase the absence of decayed or filled teeth. Conclusion Good knowledge, positive attitude, and satisfactory practice of mothers regarding child's oral hygiene affect dental health status of the studied children.

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge and attitude of adult females regarding breast cancer and its early detection in Alqunfudhah district: A cross sectional community based study

Medical Science, 2022

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest cancer among Saudi women. Awareness about its scr... more Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest cancer among Saudi women. Awareness about its screening among females is a crucial issue for early detection of breast abnormalities and interference to reduce its complications. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 421 adult females in Alqunfudhah district. Data were collected through a selfadministered questionnaire to assess their knowledge and attitude towards breast cancer screening. Results: A total of 421 females responded to survey 83.4%, 63.4 % and 44.4% of them respectively knew about breast selfexaminations, clinical examinations, and mammography. Most information was from media (67.9%). The commonest risk factor was family history (88.1%) while occurrence of a breast mass was the most identified warning sign (96.9%). Good knowledge was significantly higher among highly educated females (P 0.008) and whose high family income (P 0.000) whiles their positive attitude was significantly higher among younger females (P 0.003). Conclusion: Females' knowledge and attitude towards breast cancer screening were not up to expected and this indicated necessity to promote breast cancer screening by intensifying educational campaigns and increasing screening programs.