Saidu Idris - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Saidu Idris
Journal of environment and earth science, 2016
The world's population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban populat... more The world's population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban population increase. Gombe Metropolis is among the urban areas of Nigeria affected by the consequence of frequent seasonal floods leading to a unpropitious effect on the flood communities in many parts of the metropolis. These urbanization dynamics has caused a rapid urban growth through the transformation of many different land uses into the builtup environment. As a result flood risk in the metropolis has been rising in recent years and efforts by the people and government to mitigate the flood risk have not been entirely successful. Thus, this paper attempts to examine the nature of flood risk on the major downstream areas of Gombe metropolis. Fundamentally, this study applied Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing as a tool for integration of spatiotemporal data for modeling and comparison of urban development scenarios and its consequential effect in creating flood risk on the downstream areas of Gombe Metropolis. Therefore, GIS and Remote Sensing have been applied to detect land use/land cover changes, by looking at the trend in Land use/Land Cover Change from 2003 to 2014 in the Gombe Metropolis. In addition, the study identified Land use/Land cover types in different residential areas of the metropolis with more emphasis on the building density in each area. Finally, Gombe Metropolis Flood Risk Zones were detected and developed into Gombe Metropolis Flood Risk Map. The paper was able to reveal a significant growth of built-up environment and the occupation of floodplains in the downstream areas as the main factors for flood risk in Gombe Metropolis. However, the flood risk index established that the residential areas found on the very high to high flood risk zones include Barunde, Government Residential Areas/Gabuka, Pantami, Dawaki, and Tudun Wada. It was further reveal that the residential areas in the moderate flood risk zone are, Jankai, Jekadafari, Herwagana, Bolari/Madaki and MUAK.
Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2015
The increasing probability of flood risk in terms of its magnitude and frequency in urban areas p... more The increasing probability of flood risk in terms of its magnitude and frequency in urban areas prompted man to act for flood mitigation measures. Various flood risk control measures were carried out in different parts of the world but flood events persisted. This paper assessed the main causes of flood risk in urban areas and the various flood risk management measures for flood control so as to come out with a sustainable flood risk mitigation measures for urban areas. Related theories and empirical studies were reviewed as a method to acquire relevant information for analyzing the factors of flood risk and the trend in flood risk mitigation measures. The result points out the inability of both structural and non-structural measures to completely stop flood occurrences. Hence, an integration of the current measures and a partial systematic conversion of land use to its natural state can sustainably reduce flood risk in urban places. Key words: Flood risk, flood risk management, urb...
The world‘s population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban populat... more The world‘s population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban population increase. Gombe Metropolis is among the urban areas of Nigeria affected by the consequence of frequent seasonal floods leading to an unpropitious effect on the metropolitan communities. These urbanization dynamics has caused a rapid urban growth through the transformation of many different land uses into the built-up environment. As a result, flood risk in the metropolis has been rising in recent years and efforts by the people and government to mitigate the flood risk have not been fully successful. Thus, this paper attempts to examine the nature of flood risk on the major downstream areas of Gombe metropolis. Fundamentally, this study applied Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing as a tool for integration of spatiotemporal data for modeling and comparison of urban development scenarios and its consequential effect in creating flood risk on the downstream areas of Gombe M...
In the field of fault analysis of various systems, the fault design comprises of mainly two resea... more In the field of fault analysis of various systems, the fault design comprises of mainly two research streams, one is called fault detection and isolation (FDI) which deals with the detection and diagnosis of faults that occur in a controlled system, and the other called fault tolerant control (FTC) that looks at the task of achieving control for countering the fault. The high complexity of modern systems makes them vulnerable to almost any fault such as sudden breakdown or malfunction of a sensor or an actuator. Therefore, in order to improve the operational safety and system redundancy, reducing the possibility of such failures or predicting it before its occurrence is imperative. This review paper presents different fault detection and control strategies involved in flight.
Aquatic Botany, 1997
Non-point source pollution has a significant impact on the quality of water resources. Studies ha... more Non-point source pollution has a significant impact on the quality of water resources. Studies have revealed that agricultural activities are often major contributors to non-point source pollution of aquatic environments. A common means of reducing the threat of non-point source pollution is through the establishment of riparian vegetation strips (or buffers) along those areas of stream channels that would be most susceptible to the threat. Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) offer a means by which 'critical' areas can be identified, so that subsequent action toward the establishment of riparian zones can be taken. This research focuses on the development and analysis of riparian buffer zones for a portion of the Iowa River basin. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data were used to characterize the land cover for the study area. An updated hydrology data layer was developed by integrating the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Digital Line Graph (DLG) data base with the TM-derived classification of surface water bodies. Spatial distance search tools were applied to develop the buffer zones around all surface hydrologic features. The buffer zones were integrated with the remotely sensed classification data to identify 'critical' areas for the establishment of riparian vegetation strips. Results indicated that while most of the main channel of the Iowa River was protected by natural vegetation, more than 44% (or 1008 ha) of the area along its tributaries lack any protective cover from non-point source pollution. As these 'critical' areas are adjacent to agricultural fields it is important that water resources management strategies focus on the establishment of
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2016
Aim: There is no doubt that the world is now under a serious threat from the environmental hazard... more Aim: There is no doubt that the world is now under a serious threat from the environmental hazards due to the fact that the frequency and intensity of hydrological hazards such as floods have been increasing in recent years. Flood risk is a probability of loss which depends on three elements or concepts, namely 1) hazard, 2) vulnerability, and 3) exposure. A clear understanding and distinction between the three elements that create risk-hazard, exposure and vulnerability-gives the necessary information for factoring in most flood-related aspects. This paper focuses on developing a new method for measuring flood risk using the main indicators for geophysical exposure of the risk (percent built-up density, proximity to floodplains and elevation). The new method was afterward applied to study flood risk in Gombe Metropolis using Remote Sensing and GIS so as to achieve the set objectives. Methods: The residential areas, streams were digitized, Multi-temporal satellite images were obtained from Land sat 8 Enhance Thematic Mapper (ETM) for 2014 and used for classification of Land cover/use type in the study area. Furthermore, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was also used to collect elevation data for the entire Gombe Metropolis residential areas. The classified 2014 land use/land cover type of Gombe metropolis was overlaid with the digitized Gombe Metropolis residential areas map. Subsequently, the Structured Query Language (SQL) functions and attribute table of the GIS Arc map was applied to calculate the area coverage for the percent of built up areas and building constructions within 50-meter stream buffer in Gombe metropolis. Results: The result revealed a remarkable outcome necessary to mitigate flood risk and thereby improving the well-being of the vulnerable flood communities in the metropolis. The finding proves that seven residential areas in Gombe metropolis are within a very high to high flood risk zones. These residential areas include Government Residential Area/Gabuka, Jankai, Checheniya, Pantami, Barunde, Dawaki and Bolari/ Madaki. However, Tudun Wada, MUAK, New Developed Areas, Jekadafari, Herwagana and Urban Fringe residential areas fall within the moderate to low flood risk. Conclusion: Thus, priorities for flood risk mitigations measures should be focused towards the very high and high flood risk areas in the metropolis.
Journal of environment and earth science, 2016
The world's population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban populat... more The world's population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban population increase. Gombe Metropolis is among the urban areas of Nigeria affected by the consequence of frequent seasonal floods leading to a unpropitious effect on the flood communities in many parts of the metropolis. These urbanization dynamics has caused a rapid urban growth through the transformation of many different land uses into the builtup environment. As a result flood risk in the metropolis has been rising in recent years and efforts by the people and government to mitigate the flood risk have not been entirely successful. Thus, this paper attempts to examine the nature of flood risk on the major downstream areas of Gombe metropolis. Fundamentally, this study applied Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing as a tool for integration of spatiotemporal data for modeling and comparison of urban development scenarios and its consequential effect in creating flood risk on the downstream areas of Gombe Metropolis. Therefore, GIS and Remote Sensing have been applied to detect land use/land cover changes, by looking at the trend in Land use/Land Cover Change from 2003 to 2014 in the Gombe Metropolis. In addition, the study identified Land use/Land cover types in different residential areas of the metropolis with more emphasis on the building density in each area. Finally, Gombe Metropolis Flood Risk Zones were detected and developed into Gombe Metropolis Flood Risk Map. The paper was able to reveal a significant growth of built-up environment and the occupation of floodplains in the downstream areas as the main factors for flood risk in Gombe Metropolis. However, the flood risk index established that the residential areas found on the very high to high flood risk zones include Barunde, Government Residential Areas/Gabuka, Pantami, Dawaki, and Tudun Wada. It was further reveal that the residential areas in the moderate flood risk zone are, Jankai, Jekadafari, Herwagana, Bolari/Madaki and MUAK.
Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2015
The increasing probability of flood risk in terms of its magnitude and frequency in urban areas p... more The increasing probability of flood risk in terms of its magnitude and frequency in urban areas prompted man to act for flood mitigation measures. Various flood risk control measures were carried out in different parts of the world but flood events persisted. This paper assessed the main causes of flood risk in urban areas and the various flood risk management measures for flood control so as to come out with a sustainable flood risk mitigation measures for urban areas. Related theories and empirical studies were reviewed as a method to acquire relevant information for analyzing the factors of flood risk and the trend in flood risk mitigation measures. The result points out the inability of both structural and non-structural measures to completely stop flood occurrences. Hence, an integration of the current measures and a partial systematic conversion of land use to its natural state can sustainably reduce flood risk in urban places. Key words: Flood risk, flood risk management, urb...
The world‘s population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban populat... more The world‘s population is rapidly becoming more urbanized as the world seen a swift urban population increase. Gombe Metropolis is among the urban areas of Nigeria affected by the consequence of frequent seasonal floods leading to an unpropitious effect on the metropolitan communities. These urbanization dynamics has caused a rapid urban growth through the transformation of many different land uses into the built-up environment. As a result, flood risk in the metropolis has been rising in recent years and efforts by the people and government to mitigate the flood risk have not been fully successful. Thus, this paper attempts to examine the nature of flood risk on the major downstream areas of Gombe metropolis. Fundamentally, this study applied Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing as a tool for integration of spatiotemporal data for modeling and comparison of urban development scenarios and its consequential effect in creating flood risk on the downstream areas of Gombe M...
In the field of fault analysis of various systems, the fault design comprises of mainly two resea... more In the field of fault analysis of various systems, the fault design comprises of mainly two research streams, one is called fault detection and isolation (FDI) which deals with the detection and diagnosis of faults that occur in a controlled system, and the other called fault tolerant control (FTC) that looks at the task of achieving control for countering the fault. The high complexity of modern systems makes them vulnerable to almost any fault such as sudden breakdown or malfunction of a sensor or an actuator. Therefore, in order to improve the operational safety and system redundancy, reducing the possibility of such failures or predicting it before its occurrence is imperative. This review paper presents different fault detection and control strategies involved in flight.
Aquatic Botany, 1997
Non-point source pollution has a significant impact on the quality of water resources. Studies ha... more Non-point source pollution has a significant impact on the quality of water resources. Studies have revealed that agricultural activities are often major contributors to non-point source pollution of aquatic environments. A common means of reducing the threat of non-point source pollution is through the establishment of riparian vegetation strips (or buffers) along those areas of stream channels that would be most susceptible to the threat. Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) offer a means by which 'critical' areas can be identified, so that subsequent action toward the establishment of riparian zones can be taken. This research focuses on the development and analysis of riparian buffer zones for a portion of the Iowa River basin. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data were used to characterize the land cover for the study area. An updated hydrology data layer was developed by integrating the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Digital Line Graph (DLG) data base with the TM-derived classification of surface water bodies. Spatial distance search tools were applied to develop the buffer zones around all surface hydrologic features. The buffer zones were integrated with the remotely sensed classification data to identify 'critical' areas for the establishment of riparian vegetation strips. Results indicated that while most of the main channel of the Iowa River was protected by natural vegetation, more than 44% (or 1008 ha) of the area along its tributaries lack any protective cover from non-point source pollution. As these 'critical' areas are adjacent to agricultural fields it is important that water resources management strategies focus on the establishment of
Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2016
Aim: There is no doubt that the world is now under a serious threat from the environmental hazard... more Aim: There is no doubt that the world is now under a serious threat from the environmental hazards due to the fact that the frequency and intensity of hydrological hazards such as floods have been increasing in recent years. Flood risk is a probability of loss which depends on three elements or concepts, namely 1) hazard, 2) vulnerability, and 3) exposure. A clear understanding and distinction between the three elements that create risk-hazard, exposure and vulnerability-gives the necessary information for factoring in most flood-related aspects. This paper focuses on developing a new method for measuring flood risk using the main indicators for geophysical exposure of the risk (percent built-up density, proximity to floodplains and elevation). The new method was afterward applied to study flood risk in Gombe Metropolis using Remote Sensing and GIS so as to achieve the set objectives. Methods: The residential areas, streams were digitized, Multi-temporal satellite images were obtained from Land sat 8 Enhance Thematic Mapper (ETM) for 2014 and used for classification of Land cover/use type in the study area. Furthermore, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was also used to collect elevation data for the entire Gombe Metropolis residential areas. The classified 2014 land use/land cover type of Gombe metropolis was overlaid with the digitized Gombe Metropolis residential areas map. Subsequently, the Structured Query Language (SQL) functions and attribute table of the GIS Arc map was applied to calculate the area coverage for the percent of built up areas and building constructions within 50-meter stream buffer in Gombe metropolis. Results: The result revealed a remarkable outcome necessary to mitigate flood risk and thereby improving the well-being of the vulnerable flood communities in the metropolis. The finding proves that seven residential areas in Gombe metropolis are within a very high to high flood risk zones. These residential areas include Government Residential Area/Gabuka, Jankai, Checheniya, Pantami, Barunde, Dawaki and Bolari/ Madaki. However, Tudun Wada, MUAK, New Developed Areas, Jekadafari, Herwagana and Urban Fringe residential areas fall within the moderate to low flood risk. Conclusion: Thus, priorities for flood risk mitigations measures should be focused towards the very high and high flood risk areas in the metropolis.