Saif Ali - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Saif Ali

Advancement in treatment delivery techniques in external beam radiation therapy has significantly... more Advancement in treatment delivery techniques in external beam radiation therapy has significantly improved the conformal radiation dose distributions to the tumor while reducing dose to the critical structures. Modern treatment techniques combined with sophisticated treatment planning systems have led to increase in the treatment planning studies in the recent years. In this article, we review the application of the most recent treatment delivery technique in photon based radiation therapy known as volumetric modulated radiation therapy (VMAT). Furthermore, this article is focused on the VMAT planning for the prostate cancer. Short Communication

Journal of King Saud University - Science

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

African Health Sciences

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent component of metabolic syndrome... more Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent component of metabolic syndrome. Environmental factors and various complex genes like transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have involved in the disease development. Objective: To determine TCF7L2 genetic association (rs7903146C/T and rs12255372G/T) in T2DM patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population of Pakistan. Subjects and methods: This study comprised of 176 subjects including 118 T2DM patients and 58 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotype of common variants (rs7903146 C/T and rs12255372 G/T) was carried out by amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR of sequence specific oligonucleotides. Results: The distribution of genotype of TCF7L2 SNPs (rs7903146 C/T and rs12255372 G/T) was significantly associated with T2DM as compared to the controls (p <0.0001). The genetic models of the rs7903146 (C/T) and rs12255372 (G/T) SNPs were significantly associated between cases and controls (...

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things

This research is about the information security of very obliged gadgets. Design Science Research ... more This research is about the information security of very obliged gadgets. Design Science Research (DSR) Method is utilized for this reason. It let us pick up the fundamental thought and exploration of the primary issue space. This is a procedure of combining distinctive pre-affirmed examines to pick up the goal. Symmetric cryptography will be utilized as a noteworthy device in various information items and entryway gadgets. The principle target of this exploration is to give security to exceptionally constrained gadgets as they are not ready to convey utilizing TLS or DTLS given a deficiency of assets. This arrangement is a finished bundle to give credibility, information honesty and privacy, either information is making a trip to entryway, gadgets or the web. At the information interface layer, AES symmetric encryption is utilized and information questions likewise are encoded utilizing a similar encryption strategy. Assessment is performed using wire shark.

$Research paper thumbnail of Serologic Study to Detect a Relation between Myocardial Infraction Diseases and Helicobacter pylori Infections in Baqubah City, Iraq$

Serologic Study to Detect a Relation between Myocardial Infraction Diseases and Helicobacter pylori Infections in Baqubah City, Iraq

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Water usage and energy penalty of different hybrid cooling system configurations for a natural gas combined cycle power plant-Effect of carbon capture unit integration

International Journal of Energy Research

Electric power generation from thermoelectric power plants is associated with a negative impact o... more Electric power generation from thermoelectric power plants is associated with a negative impact on water availability, referenced as the water-energy nexus, which is aggravated by climate change. In the present study, the effect of four different hybrid cooling system configurations on water usage and power penalty of a natural gas combined cycle has been investigated. The hybrid cooling system with a parallel connected indirect dry cooling system and wet cooling system is the most conventional studied hybrid cooling system in the literature, while the other studied hybrid configurations in the present study are novel regarding their effect on water requirement and power penalty. Simulations were conducted using the COCO 3.3 software and have been validated using data sets from a reference natural gas combined cycle plant, both with and without carbon capture unit, which is available in the literature. Four hybrid cooling system configurations were explored to evaluate their water requirements and power penalty. Other conventional cooling systems such as closed cooling, once-through, and direct and indirect dry cooling methods were simulated with and without postcombustion carbon capture (PCCC) integration for comparison. It was found that the hybrid configuration, including indirect air-cooled condenser and natural draft wet cooling tower, has the best performance as compared to the other conventional and hybrid cooling systems, Nomenclatures: Q, amount of heat (J/s); m : HW , mass flow rate of hot water (kg/s); H HWout , enthalpy of hot water out (kJ/kg); H HWin , enthalpy of hot water In (kJ/kg); m : C:air , cooling air mass flow rate (kg/s); H C. airout , enthalpy of air out (KJ/Kg); H C. airin , enthalpy of air in (KJ/Kg); Eff m i; j , Murphree efficiency; y i,j , vapor phase for component i at stage j; Pr, air pressure (Pa); T, air temperature (K); Vol, volume (m 3); R, universal gas constant (J/mol. K).; m : evp:los , evaporated losses rate (kg/s); m : cwcdsr , cooling water mass flow rate (kg/s); ΔT tower , temperature difference through the cooling tower (K); COC, cycles of concentrations; m : feed:Suh:Stm , superheated steam mass flow rate; m : fuel:mass:Inlet , fuel mass flow rate entering the plant; m : gas⛽HRSG:in , gas fuel mass flow rate into HRSG unit; η steam , steam thermal efficiency; η gas , gas thermal efficiency; h g. fuel. HRSG. out , enthalpy of the combusted gas at the outlet of the HRSG unit; Q HRSG. in ,Q ccs , heat imported to the HRSG and PCCC, respectively

Advances in Gear Design and Manufacture

Design Examples for High Strength Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns

This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable ef... more This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint.

Instructor’s Manual to Accompany Linear Algebra and Ordinary Differential Equations

Dudley’s Handbook of Practical Gear Design and Manufacture

Foreword, Preface Gear-Design Trends Manufacturing Trends Small, Low-Cost Gears for Toys, Gadgets... more Foreword, Preface Gear-Design Trends Manufacturing Trends Small, Low-Cost Gears for Toys, Gadgets and Mechanisms Appliance Gears Machine Tools Control Gears Vehicle Gears Transportation Gears Marine Gears Aerospace Gears Industrial Gearing Gears in the Oil and Gas Industry Mill Gears Selection of the Right Kind of Gear External Spur Gears External Helical Gears Internal Gears Straight Bevel Gears Zerol Bevel Gears Spiral Bevel Gears Hypoid Gears Face Gears Crossed-Helical Gears (Nonenveloping Worm Gears) Single-Enveloping Worm Gears Double-Enveloping Worm Gears Spiroid Gears Preliminary Design Considerations Stress Formulas Calculated Stresses Gear-Design Limits Gear-Strength Calculations Gear Surface-Durability Calculations Gear Scoring Thermal Limits Preliminary Estimate of Gear Size Gear Specifications Size of Spur and Helical Gears by Q-Factor Method Indexes of Tooth Loading Estimating Spur- and Helical-Gear Size by K-Factor Estimating Bevel-Gear Size Estimating Worm-Gear Size Estimating Spiroid-Gear Size Data Needed for Gear Drawings Gear Dimensional Data Gear-Tooth Tolerances Gear Material and Heat Treat Data Enclosed Gear Unit Requirements Design Formulas Calculations of Gear-Tooth Data Number of Pinion Teeth Hunting Teeth Spur-Gear-Tooth Proportions Root Filler Radii of Curvature Long-Addendum Pinions Tooth Thickness Chordal Dimensions Degrees Roll and Limit Diameter Form Diameter and Contact Ratio Spur-Gear Dimension Sheet Internal-Gear Dimension Sheet Helical-Gear Tooth Proportions Helical-Gear Dimension Sheet Bevel-Gear Tooth Proportions Straight-Bevel-Gear Dimension Sheet Spiral-Bevel-Gear Dimension Sheet Zerol-Bevel-Gear Dimension Sheet Hypoid-Gear Calculations Face Gear Calculations Crossed-Helical-Gear Proportions Single-Enveloping-Worm-Gear Proportions Single-Enveloping Worm Gears Double-Enveloping Worm Gears Gear-Rating Practice General Considerations in Rating Calculations General Formulas for Tooth Bending Strength and Tooth Surface Durability Geometry Factors for Strength Overall Derating Factor for Strength Geometry Factors for Durability Overall Derating Factor for Surface Durability Load Rating of Worm Gearing Design Formulas for Scoring Trade Standards for Rating Gears Vehicle Gear-Rating Practice Marine Gear-Rating Practices Aerospace Gear-Rating Practices Gear Materials Steels for Gears Mechanical Properties Heat-Treating Techniques Heat-Treating Data Hardness Tests Localized Hardening of Gear Teeth Carburizing Nitriding Induction Hardening of Steel Flame Hardening of Steel Combined Heat Treatments Metallurgical Quality of Steel Gears Cast Irons for Gears Gray Cast Iron Ductile Iron Sintered Iron Nonferrous Gear Metals Kinds of Bronze Standard Gear Bronzes Nonmetallic Gears Thermosetting Laminates Nylon Gears Gear-Manufacturing Methods Gear-Tooth Cutting Gear Hobbing Shaping-Pinion Cutter Shaping-Rack Cutter Cutting Bevel Gears Gear Milling Broaching Gears Punching Gears G-TRAC Generating Gear Grinding Form Grinding Generating Grinding-Disc Wheel Generating Grinding-Bevel Gears Generating Grinding-Threaded Wheel Thread Grinding Gear Shaving, Rolling, and Honing Rotary Shaving Rack Shaving Gear Rolling Gear Honing Gear Measurement Gear Accuracy Measurements Machines to Measure Gears Gear Casting and Forming Cast and Molded Gears Sintered Gears Cold-Drawn Gears and Rolled Worm Threads Design of Tools to Make Gear Teeth Shaper Cutters Gear Hobs Spur-Gear Milling Cutters Worm Milling Cutters and Grinding Wheels Gear-Shaving Cutters Punching Tools Sintering Tools The Kinds and Causes of Gear Failures Analysis of Gear-System Problems Determining the Problem Possible Causes of Gear-System Failures Incompatibility of Gear Systems Investigation of Gear Systems Analysis of Tooth Failures and Gear Bearing Failures Nomenclature of Gear Failure Tooth Breakage Pitting of Gear Teeth Scoring Failures Wear Failures Gearbox Bearings Rolling-Element Bearings Sliding-Element Bearings Some Causes of Gear Failure Other than Excess Transmitted Load Overload Gear Failures Gear Casing Problems Lubrication Failures Thermal Problems in Fast-Running Gears Special Design Problems Center Distance Problems Profile Modification Problems Load Rating Problem Appendix Material Introduction to Gears Dynamic Load Theory Highest and Lowest Points of Single-Tooth Contact Layout of Large Circles by Calculation Special Calculations for Spur Gears Special Calculation for Internal Gears Special Calculation for Helical Gears Summary Sheets for Bevel Gears Complete AGMA and ISO Formulas for Bending Strength and Surface Durability Profile Modification Calculation Procedure The Basics of Gear-Tooth Measurement for Accuracy and Size Shaper-Cutter Tooth Thickness General Method for Determining Tooth Thicknesses when Helical Gears Are Operated on Spread Centers Calculation of Geometry Factor for Scoring References, Index 186 tables, 291 figures HUNDREDS OF ILLUSTRATIONS Almost 300 diagrams and other schematics, photographs and…

Planting density and sowing date strongly influence growth and lint yield of cotton crops

Field Crops Research

Abstract This study assesses the effects of plant population density (PPD) and sowing date (SD) o... more Abstract This study assesses the effects of plant population density (PPD) and sowing date (SD) on growth, physiology and lint yield of a cotton crop. Seedling transplanting is one of the most dominant cotton production systems in China. But on the other hand, the net benefit is decreasing because the system is labor intensive. Therefore, a shorter cotton growing season is urgently needed to reduce the production costs through management practices such as adjusting sowing date and PPD. The following hypothesis was tested; would cotton yield and physiology from a late sowing be compensated by plant density? Field experiments were conducted with two sowing dates (S1, May 20; S2, June 04) as the main plot and three PPDs (D1, low; 7.5 × 104; D2, moderate; 9.0 × 104 and D3, high; 10.5 × 104 ha−1) as the sub-plot. Early-sown plants produced 23%, 32%, 55%, 77% and 14%, taller stems more nodes, leaves and fruits, respectively, than the late-sown plants. Consequently, S1 produced 26% higher lint yield than S2. This increase in lint yield was mainly attributed to a relatively longer cropping season, which allowed utilization of available resources. Growth and fruit production in S1 plants were further increased by an increased photosynthetic rate (Pn) and N acquisition. Across the plant densities, 13% and 6% more lint yield was achieved under D2 than the D3 and D1, respectively. Moderate PPD increased lint yield by 13% and 6% over high and low, respectively. Nitrogen (N) acquisition was 45%, 33%, higher for S1 sown crop compared with S2, respectively. S1D2 had higher average (3.5 VT kg ha−1 d−1) and maximum (4.5 VM kg ha−1 d−1) rates of N accumulation in reproductive organs at the fastest accumulation point among other treatments. Our data suggest that for both sowing dates moderate PPD is a promising option, which allows light interception and penetration to the lower canopy, efficient N utilization and assimilate distribution to reproductive structures.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017

Soil compaction causes substantial reduction in agriculture productivity and has always been of g... more Soil compaction causes substantial reduction in agriculture productivity and has always been of great distress for farmers. Intensive agriculture seems to be more crucial in causing compaction. High mechanical load, less crop diversification, intensive grazing, and irrigation methods lead to soil compaction. It is further exasperated when these factors are accompanied with low organic matter, animal trampling, engine vibrations, and tillage at high moisture contents. Soil compaction increases soil bulk density and soil strength, while decreases porosity, aggregate stability index, soil hydraulic conductivity, and nutrient availability, thus reduces soil health. Consequently, it lowers crop performance via stunted aboveground growth coupled with reduced root growth. This paper reviews the potential causes of compaction and its consequences that have been published in last two decades. Various morphological and physiological alterations in plant as result of soil compaction have also been discussed in this review.

The global increasing demand for refrigeration in field of refrigeration air-conditioning, food p... more The global increasing demand for refrigeration in field of refrigeration air-conditioning, food preservation, vaccine storages, medical services, and cooling of electronic devices, led to production of more electricity and consequently more release of CO 2 all over the world which it is contributing factor of global warming on climate change. Thermoelectric refrigeration is new alternative because it can convert waste electricity into useful cooling, is expected to play an important role in meeting today•fs energy challenges. Therefore, thermoelectric refrigeration is greatly needed, particularly for developing countries where long life and low maintenance are needed. The objectives of this study is design and develop a working thermoelectric refrigerator interior cooling volume of 5L that utilizes the Peltier effect to refrigerate and maintain a selected temperature from 5 °C to 25 °C. The design requirements are to cool this volume to temperature within a time period of 6 hrs and provide retention of at least next half an hour. The design requirement, options available and the final design of Thermoelectric refrigerator for application are presented.

Applied Technology and Instrumentation for Process Control

1.Applicability of Miscellaneous Control Strategies - Industry-wide 2. Digesters - Paper Pulp 3. ... more 1.Applicability of Miscellaneous Control Strategies - Industry-wide 2. Digesters - Paper Pulp 3. Paper Machine 4. Evaporators 5. Product Distillation 6. Product Blending 7. The Brewing Industry 8. Project Management and Administration Bibliography Index

Radiotherapy Technique for the Prostate Cancer Treatment: A Short Communication

Open Journal of Research, Feb 2, 2015

Prostate cancer is the one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men throughout the world. ... more Prostate cancer is the one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men throughout the world. In the recent days, prostate cancer can be managed by several options such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc. Radiotherapy is considered as one of the popular options to treat prostate cancer due to excellent survival rate and fewer side effects. The field of radiotherapy is evolving since the days of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), and it is now possible to treat the caner using more advanced techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), proton therapy, and carbon therapy. This letter addresses some of the major radiotherapy techniques available for the cancer treatment.

Inheritance Mechanism of Some Morphological Characters in Hexaploid Wheat

Efforts are being done since a long time in wheat breeding for its economic traits to achieve max... more Efforts are being done since a long time in wheat breeding for its economic traits to achieve maximum grain yield. This study of inheritance mechanism was carried out at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan during 2011-12 using 5 × 5 diallel crosses involving wheat varieties/lines viz., Millat-11, Punjab-11, 9466, 9469 and 9459-1 to find the inheritance pattern of some quantitative traits like plant height, peduncle length, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all the traits under consideration. The graphical analysis revealed over dominance type of gene action for grain yield per plant suggesting heterosis breeding might be fruitful for further improvement of these traits. Presence of additive gene action and as for dominance concerned which is partial type for plant height, peduncle length, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight ...

Genotypic variations in mungbean yield and its attributes in response to different sowing times

ABSTRACT A c c e p t e d 5 M a y , 2 0 14 I n orde r to i nvestiga te the e ffec t of sowi ng ti ... more ABSTRACT A c c e p t e d 5 M a y , 2 0 14 I n orde r to i nvestiga te the e ffec t of sowi ng ti me on yiel d and yiel d components of different mungbean varieties, a field experiment was conducted during 2012 at agronomic research area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The experiment was designed according to randomized complete block design under split plot arrangement in triplicate. Different sowing times (15 th June, 25 th June, 5 th July and 15 th July) were assigned to main plots and varieties (NM-2011, NM-2006, AZRI-2006 and NM-98) were allocated to subplots. Results of combined analysis showed that seed yield was significantly affected by sowing dates. The maximum seed yield (1181.67 kg ha -1) was obtained in 15 th June sowing time because of significantly higher numbers of pods per plant and 1000-seeds weight than rest of sowing times. Different mungbean varieties also responded significantly towards yield and yield components and NM-2011 variety outperformed in terms of maximum seed yield (1282.87 kg ha -1) than rest of varieties. Overall; sowing of NM-2011 variety on 15 th June remained superior combination in terms of all studied attributes. K ey words: Mungbean, so wi ng ti m e, v ari eti es, seed yi el d, yi el d c om ponent s.

Handbook of laser welding technologies

Part 1 Developments in established laser welding technologies: Introduction: Fundamentals of lase... more Part 1 Developments in established laser welding technologies: Introduction: Fundamentals of laser welding Developments in CO2 laser welding Developments in Nd:YAG laser welding Developments in disk laser welding Developments in pulsed and continuous wave laser welding technologies Conduction laser welding Developments in laser micro welding technology. Part 2 Laser welding technologies for various materials: Laser welding of light metal alloys: aluminium and titanium alloys Laser welding and brazing of dissimilar metals Laser welding of plastics Laser welding of glass Defects formation mechanisms and preventive procedures in laser welding Residual stress and distortion in laser welding. Part 3 Developments in emerging laser welding technologies: Applications of robotics in laser welding Developments in beam scanning (remote) technologies and smart beam processing Developments in twin-beam laser welding technology Developments in multi-pass laser welding technology with filler wire Developments in hybridisation and combined laser beam welding technologies Developments in hybrid laser-arc welding technology Developments in modelling and simulation of laser and hybrid laser welding. Part 4 Applications of laser welding: Applications of laser welding in the automotive industry Applications of laser welding in the railway industry Applications of laser welding in the shipbuilding industry.

Beliefs and values; Civilization (archaic); Social norms; 9 Way of life; Worldviews 10 Definition... more Beliefs and values; Civilization (archaic); Social norms; 9 Way of life; Worldviews 10 Definition 11 The term "culture" is famously difficult to define. Within 12 In a number of important studies published between 39 the 1920s and the 1950s, Sapir and Benjamin Whorf 40 (1897-1941) further determined that, in different 41 languages, linguistic systems, discourse (units of 42 connected speech and writing), and word meanings 43 demonstrate different ways of looking at the world 44 and constructing its realities. To Whorf, for example, 45 differences in word meanings reflected the thought 46 processes that set American Indian ▶ worldviews and 47 beliefs apart from those of Europeans in their definitions 48 of time, space, and a broad range of natural phenomena. 49 Although various languages often have distinct grammar 50 attributes and lexicon (vocabulary), it may be misleading 51 to define the differences among languages exclusively 52 in terms of word meanings and grammar rules. 53 The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis of linguistic relativity 54 also applies to a great many abstract features of lexical, 55 grammatical, referential, and communicative systems. 56 In the 1960s and 1970s, investigations of the 57 connections between language and culture produced 58 such impressive and seminal works as those by Dell 59 Hymes and John Gumperz on interactional sociolinguis-60 tics and Edward Hall on behavior and cognition. In their 61 publications in the early 1970s, Hymes and Gumperz and 62 Hymes (1972) advocated the view that the uses of 63 language and its analyses are inextricable from the society 64 and its cultural norms. Language users' social 65 backgrounds and identities, as well as social meanings, 66 are conveyed by means of language. Hymes (1972) noted 67 that in linguistics, a descriptive theory of speech and 68 interaction has to take into consideration how language 69 is used in a particular community both in speech and 70 writing. According to Hymes, language in interaction is 71 defined by ▶ social and language ▶ norms for the use of 72 speech, as well as their communicative content, linguistic 129 The second strand of research in anthropology, 130 ethnography, and applied linguistics also includes studies 131 of specific cultures, such as Brazilian, Chinese, Japanese, 132 or Korean. Such studies examine and describe ▶ ways of 133 doing, speaking, and behaving in specific cultural and 134 language communities, without necessarily undertaking 135 to identify commonalities and differences among various 136 cultures. Both research into culture in general and specific 137 cultures can be useful to language teachers and learners 138 who seek to raise their awareness of the inextricable 139 relationships between the culture of the community and 140 the language usage of its speakers.