Salma Ghaffar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Salma Ghaffar

Research paper thumbnail of Safety of the plastibell circumcision in neonates, infants, and older children

International Journal of Health Sciences, 2018

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the safety of the Plastibell device (P... more Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the safety of the Plastibell device (PD) circumcision in neonates, infants, and older children. Patients and Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was conducted in private clinics of district Poonch and district Sudhanuti Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, during the period from November 2014 to August 2017. Research was conducted in light of guidelines set by Helsinki declaration. Healthy male babies free of any clinical signs of illness and congenital anomaly were included in the study. The babies having weight <3 kg at the time of surgery were excluded from the study. The parents/guardian were explained about the procedure and informed consent was taken. The complications that developed postoperatively were recorded. The record of all cases was analyzed retrospectively for safety outcome and complications developed in neonates, infants, and older children. Results: A total of 1000 cases including 655 (65.5%) neonates, 241 (24...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2015

BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is ... more BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is one of the commonest emergency procedures performed all over the world. The study was done with an objective to evaluate the different causative factors for delayed presentation of appendicitis. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Surgical "C" unit, at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from 20th June 2013 to 19th June 2014. A total of 130 patients presented with appendicitis in OPDs or emergency department. Detailed history, general physical and systemic examination especially abdominal examination was done along with investigations. RESULTS It was found that 23.08% of complicated appendicitis presentation is due to missed diagnosis by physicians, 30.77% is due to missed diagnosis by non-doctors, 23.08% is due to conservative management at DHQ hospitals by surgeons, and 23.08% presented late because of self-medication at home. CONCLUSION All pat...

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Research paper thumbnail of Aetiological factors in mechanical intestinal obstruction

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2011

BACKGROUND Intestinal obstruction occurs when the normal flow of intestinal contents is interrupt... more BACKGROUND Intestinal obstruction occurs when the normal flow of intestinal contents is interrupted. The most frequent causes of intestinal obstruction are postoperative adhesions and hernias, which cause extrinsic compression of the intestine. Less frequently, tumours or strictures of the bowel can cause intrinsic blockage. Objective of the study was to find out the various aetiological factors of mechanical intestinal obstruction and to evaluate the morbidity and mortality in adult patients presenting to Surgical 'A' unit of Ayub teaching hospital with mechanical intestinal obstruction. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2009 to September, 2009. All patients presenting with intestinal obstruction and were above the age of 12 years were included in the study. Patients with non-mechanical obstruction were excluded from the study and those who responded to conservative measures were also excluded. RESULTS A total of 36 patients with age ranging from 1...

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Research paper thumbnail of Risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer

BACKGROUND Diabetic foot is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. Many risk facto... more BACKGROUND Diabetic foot is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. Many risk factors are involved in its causation. This study was conducted to determine risk factors responsible for foot ulcer in diabetic patients. METHODS A total of 196 consecutive patients with diabetic foot were included in the study. Detailed history, clinical findings and investigations were recorded. Lesions were graded according to Wagner's classification, and appropriate medical and/or surgical treatment was carried out. Patients who did not consent to participate in the study had established gangrene of the foot, or had any medical co-morbidity especially chronic heart failure and chronic renal failure which could influence these risk factors were excluded from the study. Data were collected on a special proforma for analysis. RESULTS Out of 196 patients 80.1% were male. One hundred and forty-six (74.48%) patients were in the range of 40-70) years. Right foot was more commonly involved (...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality

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Research paper thumbnail of Management of thoracic trauma: experience at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2009

BACKGROUND The incidence of thoracic trauma has rapidly increased in this century of high speed v... more BACKGROUND The incidence of thoracic trauma has rapidly increased in this century of high speed vehicles, violence and various other disasters. It has been observed that chest intubation was required in more than 75% of patients. METHODS This prospective study was performed in cardiothoracic surgery unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from Jun 2007 to Dec 2007. A total of 114 consecutive patients with chest trauma were included in the study, their patterns of injuries classified, treatment strategies and outcome were recorded on a proforma. RESULTS Out of 114 patients with chest trauma, 76 (66.65%) were having penetrating and 38 (33.33%) had blunt trauma. Haemothorax was detected in 67 (58.77%), Pneumothorax in 23 (20.17%), rib fracture in 11 (15.02%) and diaphragmatic injuries in 4 (3.5%) cases. Overall complication rate was 14%. Wound infection was present in 8 (7.01%) and empyema in 4 (3.5%). Mortality was 2.6%. CONCLUSION Penetrating chest injuries were more common than bl...

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Research paper thumbnail of Empyema thoracis: management outcome

BACKGROUND Empyema thoracis results from postpneumonic effusion of bacterial origin or trauma. If... more BACKGROUND Empyema thoracis results from postpneumonic effusion of bacterial origin or trauma. If untreated it may convert to fibro-purulent or an organising stage. METHODS This study was conducted at cardiothoracic unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from Jan 2008 to Aug 2009. Patients with diagnosis of empyema thoracic were studied. Their clinical features and investigations were recorded on a proforma. Antibiotics alone, aspiration, chest intubation, rib resection or decortication were performed where required. RESULTS Out of 71 patients, males were 58 (81.69%) and females were 13 (18.3%). Majority of the patients (24, 33.8%), were below 20 years of age. Most of the patients (59, 83.09%), were from the poor socioeconomic class. Forty-one (57.76%) patients were smokers, 12 (16.9%) were diabetic, and 39 (54.92%) were hypertensive. Cough was the most common complain (62, 87.32%). Forty (56.33%) had more than 50% involvement of hemi thorax. In 44 (61.97%) cases, cause was tuber...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is one of the ... more Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is one of the commonest emergency procedures performed all over the world. The study was done with an objective to evaluate the different causative factors for delayed presentation of appendicitis. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Surgical "C" unit, at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from 20th June 2013 to 19th June 2014. A total of 130 patients presented with appendicitis in OPDs or emergency department. Detailed history, general physical and systemic examination especially abdominal examination was done along with investigations. It was found that 23.08% of complicated appendicitis presentation is due to missed diagnosis by physicians, 30.77% is due to missed diagnosis by non-doctors, 23.08% is due to conservative management at DHQ hospitals by surgeons, and 23.08% presented late because of self-medication at home. All patients with pain Right iliac fossa, the...

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Research paper thumbnail of Advantages of Selective Use of Intraluminal Shunt in Carotid Endarterectomy: a Study of 122 Cases

Annals of Vascular Diseases, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Safety of the plastibell circumcision in neonates, infants, and older children

International Journal of Health Sciences, 2018

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the safety of the Plastibell device (P... more Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the safety of the Plastibell device (PD) circumcision in neonates, infants, and older children. Patients and Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was conducted in private clinics of district Poonch and district Sudhanuti Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, during the period from November 2014 to August 2017. Research was conducted in light of guidelines set by Helsinki declaration. Healthy male babies free of any clinical signs of illness and congenital anomaly were included in the study. The babies having weight <3 kg at the time of surgery were excluded from the study. The parents/guardian were explained about the procedure and informed consent was taken. The complications that developed postoperatively were recorded. The record of all cases was analyzed retrospectively for safety outcome and complications developed in neonates, infants, and older children. Results: A total of 1000 cases including 655 (65.5%) neonates, 241 (24...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2015

BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is ... more BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is one of the commonest emergency procedures performed all over the world. The study was done with an objective to evaluate the different causative factors for delayed presentation of appendicitis. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Surgical "C" unit, at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from 20th June 2013 to 19th June 2014. A total of 130 patients presented with appendicitis in OPDs or emergency department. Detailed history, general physical and systemic examination especially abdominal examination was done along with investigations. RESULTS It was found that 23.08% of complicated appendicitis presentation is due to missed diagnosis by physicians, 30.77% is due to missed diagnosis by non-doctors, 23.08% is due to conservative management at DHQ hospitals by surgeons, and 23.08% presented late because of self-medication at home. CONCLUSION All pat...

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Research paper thumbnail of Aetiological factors in mechanical intestinal obstruction

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2011

BACKGROUND Intestinal obstruction occurs when the normal flow of intestinal contents is interrupt... more BACKGROUND Intestinal obstruction occurs when the normal flow of intestinal contents is interrupted. The most frequent causes of intestinal obstruction are postoperative adhesions and hernias, which cause extrinsic compression of the intestine. Less frequently, tumours or strictures of the bowel can cause intrinsic blockage. Objective of the study was to find out the various aetiological factors of mechanical intestinal obstruction and to evaluate the morbidity and mortality in adult patients presenting to Surgical 'A' unit of Ayub teaching hospital with mechanical intestinal obstruction. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2009 to September, 2009. All patients presenting with intestinal obstruction and were above the age of 12 years were included in the study. Patients with non-mechanical obstruction were excluded from the study and those who responded to conservative measures were also excluded. RESULTS A total of 36 patients with age ranging from 1...

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Research paper thumbnail of Risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer

BACKGROUND Diabetic foot is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. Many risk facto... more BACKGROUND Diabetic foot is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. Many risk factors are involved in its causation. This study was conducted to determine risk factors responsible for foot ulcer in diabetic patients. METHODS A total of 196 consecutive patients with diabetic foot were included in the study. Detailed history, clinical findings and investigations were recorded. Lesions were graded according to Wagner's classification, and appropriate medical and/or surgical treatment was carried out. Patients who did not consent to participate in the study had established gangrene of the foot, or had any medical co-morbidity especially chronic heart failure and chronic renal failure which could influence these risk factors were excluded from the study. Data were collected on a special proforma for analysis. RESULTS Out of 196 patients 80.1% were male. One hundred and forty-six (74.48%) patients were in the range of 40-70) years. Right foot was more commonly involved (...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Management of thoracic trauma: experience at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2009

BACKGROUND The incidence of thoracic trauma has rapidly increased in this century of high speed v... more BACKGROUND The incidence of thoracic trauma has rapidly increased in this century of high speed vehicles, violence and various other disasters. It has been observed that chest intubation was required in more than 75% of patients. METHODS This prospective study was performed in cardiothoracic surgery unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from Jun 2007 to Dec 2007. A total of 114 consecutive patients with chest trauma were included in the study, their patterns of injuries classified, treatment strategies and outcome were recorded on a proforma. RESULTS Out of 114 patients with chest trauma, 76 (66.65%) were having penetrating and 38 (33.33%) had blunt trauma. Haemothorax was detected in 67 (58.77%), Pneumothorax in 23 (20.17%), rib fracture in 11 (15.02%) and diaphragmatic injuries in 4 (3.5%) cases. Overall complication rate was 14%. Wound infection was present in 8 (7.01%) and empyema in 4 (3.5%). Mortality was 2.6%. CONCLUSION Penetrating chest injuries were more common than bl...

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Research paper thumbnail of Empyema thoracis: management outcome

BACKGROUND Empyema thoracis results from postpneumonic effusion of bacterial origin or trauma. If... more BACKGROUND Empyema thoracis results from postpneumonic effusion of bacterial origin or trauma. If untreated it may convert to fibro-purulent or an organising stage. METHODS This study was conducted at cardiothoracic unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from Jan 2008 to Aug 2009. Patients with diagnosis of empyema thoracic were studied. Their clinical features and investigations were recorded on a proforma. Antibiotics alone, aspiration, chest intubation, rib resection or decortication were performed where required. RESULTS Out of 71 patients, males were 58 (81.69%) and females were 13 (18.3%). Majority of the patients (24, 33.8%), were below 20 years of age. Most of the patients (59, 83.09%), were from the poor socioeconomic class. Forty-one (57.76%) patients were smokers, 12 (16.9%) were diabetic, and 39 (54.92%) were hypertensive. Cough was the most common complain (62, 87.32%). Forty (56.33%) had more than 50% involvement of hemi thorax. In 44 (61.97%) cases, cause was tuber...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is one of the ... more Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest abdominal emergencies and appendectomy. is one of the commonest emergency procedures performed all over the world. The study was done with an objective to evaluate the different causative factors for delayed presentation of appendicitis. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Surgical "C" unit, at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan from 20th June 2013 to 19th June 2014. A total of 130 patients presented with appendicitis in OPDs or emergency department. Detailed history, general physical and systemic examination especially abdominal examination was done along with investigations. It was found that 23.08% of complicated appendicitis presentation is due to missed diagnosis by physicians, 30.77% is due to missed diagnosis by non-doctors, 23.08% is due to conservative management at DHQ hospitals by surgeons, and 23.08% presented late because of self-medication at home. All patients with pain Right iliac fossa, the...

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Research paper thumbnail of Advantages of Selective Use of Intraluminal Shunt in Carotid Endarterectomy: a Study of 122 Cases

Annals of Vascular Diseases, 2016

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