Salman Mansor - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Salman Mansor

This research focuses on the process planning stage of rapid prototyping (RP) models in order to ... more This research focuses on the process planning stage of rapid prototyping (RP) models in order to reduce material wastage in the actual prototype building process. Meshes which are redundant will translate to more material usage in the actual physical prototype. Eliminating the unnecessary meshes prior to the actual process will reduce material usage since a cleaned model generally has less unwanted features in the prototype compared to the one from the raw model. This paper will introduce an algorithm focusing on mesh filtering by percentage sizing in order to generate cleaned models as output and hence eliminate waste in the RP process by volumetric measurement, and the percentage of reduction in materials is calculated based on ABS plastics material which typically is used in rapid prototyping.

International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2019

Reverse engineering faces challenges when it comes to data extraction using indirect contact meth... more Reverse engineering faces challenges when it comes to data extraction using indirect contact method. There are 3D scanners capable of extracting data from distance more than a few meters away without contacting the objects but yet limited to same space range only. Although synchronizing the 3D scanners from another place can enable long distance data extraction, synchronizing devices over long distance can lead to other issues such as lagging. Moreover, the uses of 3D scanners usually involve quite long consumption time regardless of same space range or long distance range application. To overcome these issues, this study introduces a 3D surface reconstruction system by including a webcam imaging technique to produce a 3D point cloud, which is the same as that produced by a 3D scanner, and thus, eliminate the use of a 3D scanner. Through webcam imaging, image data can be transferred over the Internet and can be shared instantly even in different locations. Hence, webcam imaging is an alternative to using a 3D scanner. This system will continuously generate 3D free-form surfaces to resemble the surface profile of physical objects. Acquiring data until the surface fitting process will take less time compared with using a combination of 3D scanner and CAD software. In addition, results produced from the webcam imaging technique are compared with conventional results from a 3D scanner.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018

The raw data extracted from reverse engineering based on vision mostly do not resemble the actual... more The raw data extracted from reverse engineering based on vision mostly do not resemble the actual geometrical representation yet. Even though the higher object surface reflected the most visible light towards the camera and yield higher number of value based on Lambertian illumination model, this does not mean the curvature profile are always accurate. After all, there are many mathematical models to shape curvature profiles into the correct representation. However, one of the most appropriate models found is the natural logarithm function. The function itself has alteration properties towards the raw data generated from reverse engineering based on vision.

Engineering Applications for New Materials and Technologies, 2018

Frictional heat generated during the friction stir welding (FSW) process will somehow affect the ... more Frictional heat generated during the friction stir welding (FSW) process will somehow affect the mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints. In this present study, the FSW of aluminium alloy (AA) 6063 pipe butt joints with 5 mm wall thickness has been performed, and the evaluation of fracture and hardness distribution across the weld cross section is primarily discussed. Several selected rotational and travel speeds are used for specimen preparation. It was found that the fracture location closely matched with the lowest hardness region either on the advancing or retreating side of the welded joints.

Journal of Image and Graphics, 2016

In reverse engineering practice, most designer will use 3D scanner to scan on 3D physical objects... more In reverse engineering practice, most designer will use 3D scanner to scan on 3D physical objects to obtain point cloud data, then the point cloud data is later being processed to obtain the final 3D CAD Model. However, when the 3D physical object is not at the same location as the 3D scanner, the 3D scanning method cannot be used. To overcome this limitation, another alternative computer method is proposed to obtain 3D point cloud from 2D image. This paper will further explain on the method on how to generate 3D point clouds without 3D scanner, hence enabling reverse engineering process to be done without using 3D scanner.  Index Terms-reverse engineering, 2D digital image, 3D point cloud

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017

This research will introduce an existing statistical curve fitting tool i.e. local regression int... more This research will introduce an existing statistical curve fitting tool i.e. local regression into reverse engineering process. Instead of using the local regression on statistical data, it will be applied on 3D point clouds obtained from 3D scanners. As most 3D scanners capture the smallest surface details such as textured and non-smooth surfaces, it makes the 3D point cloud to surface conversion process problematic. By modifying this existing statistical tool of local regression with the proposed algorithm, it helps to smooth out rough surfaces obtained from 3D point cloud, minimising the error when generating the virtual surface from smoothened point cloud rather than from raw point cloud. The related method of performing the smoothening process on the 3D point will also be included in this paper. At the end, comparison of the smoothened point cloud and the unsmoothened point cloud will be visualised and discussed.

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012

Online learning allows flexibility in learning and accessing materials according to student needs... more Online learning allows flexibility in learning and accessing materials according to student needs in terms of time and techniques. Similarly, compared with traditional courses, online learning provides interactive materials that allow easy access to information and feedback from others. However, not all students are interested to engage in online learning (Norwati & Zaini, 2007), especially those students who are engaged in courses that require a face-to-face learning environment, such as engineering. Diaz and Cartnal (1999) claim this situation relates to learning styles. Students with different learning styles would have different perceptions and commitment towards online learning. This article aims to identify the learning styles of engineering students, and their perceptions towards online learning. Data were collected by using a questionnaire with two domains. The first section is the learning style domain that uses the learning style inventory (Kolb, 1984). The second section includes student perceptions towards online learning, which was adapted from O'Mally and McCraw (1999). The participants of the study consisted of 136 first year engineering students studying in a public university in Malaysia. The respondents have different learning styles, and most of them were identified as assimilator learners. In addition, the respondents tend to have a positive perception towards the effectiveness and related advantages of online learning. No significant relationship was observed among the perceptions towards online learning of students with different learning styles. Thus, learning styles have no influence on the perception of engineering students towards online learning.

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2020

The design of a mould, which is manually performed, is time-consuming and quite complicated. This... more The design of a mould, which is manually performed, is time-consuming and quite complicated. This research presents a study on the procedures for automatic feature recognition to help in mould design. A hybrid representation approach is used in automatic feature recognition to extract geometric information from a feature to identify undercut features. Boundary representation is applied in the shape representation using topology and geometry. The proposed approach uses a face adjacency hypergraph to describe the shape of the undercut features by representing the relationships amongst the feature faces. Face-to-face composition is applied to represent the relationship between the main and the undercut features. Parts A, B, and C are created, and automatic feature recognition is used to classify the depression and protrusion features. Algorithms based on a heuristic rule are adopted to determine the optimal parting line and direction of the parts by comparing their feature’s geometric information. The automatic feature recognition approach identifies the shape of concave and convex features in accordance with the depression or protrusion of faces and the face adjacency relationship. This approach can be helpful in automatically creating the core and cavity. The proposed approach will help simplify the process and reduce the time for mould design. Therefore, this approach will significantly affect the increase in productivity in the manufacturing industry.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018

This research focuses on the process planning stage of rapid prototyping (RP) models in order to ... more This research focuses on the process planning stage of rapid prototyping (RP) models in order to reduce material wastage in the actual prototype building process. Meshes which are redundant will translate to more material usage in the actual physical prototype. Eliminating the unnecessary meshes prior to the actual process will reduce material usage since a cleaned model generally has less unwanted features in the prototype compared to the one from the raw model. This paper will introduce an algorithm focusing on mesh filtering by percentage sizing in order to generate cleaned models as output and hence eliminate waste in the RP process by volumetric measurement, and the percentage of reduction in materials is calculated based on ABS plastics material which typically is used in rapid prototyping.

International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2019

Reverse engineering faces challenges when it comes to data extraction using indirect contact meth... more Reverse engineering faces challenges when it comes to data extraction using indirect contact method. There are 3D scanners capable of extracting data from distance more than a few meters away without contacting the objects but yet limited to same space range only. Although synchronizing the 3D scanners from another place can enable long distance data extraction, synchronizing devices over long distance can lead to other issues such as lagging. Moreover, the uses of 3D scanners usually involve quite long consumption time regardless of same space range or long distance range application. To overcome these issues, this study introduces a 3D surface reconstruction system by including a webcam imaging technique to produce a 3D point cloud, which is the same as that produced by a 3D scanner, and thus, eliminate the use of a 3D scanner. Through webcam imaging, image data can be transferred over the Internet and can be shared instantly even in different locations. Hence, webcam imaging is an alternative to using a 3D scanner. This system will continuously generate 3D free-form surfaces to resemble the surface profile of physical objects. Acquiring data until the surface fitting process will take less time compared with using a combination of 3D scanner and CAD software. In addition, results produced from the webcam imaging technique are compared with conventional results from a 3D scanner.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018

The raw data extracted from reverse engineering based on vision mostly do not resemble the actual... more The raw data extracted from reverse engineering based on vision mostly do not resemble the actual geometrical representation yet. Even though the higher object surface reflected the most visible light towards the camera and yield higher number of value based on Lambertian illumination model, this does not mean the curvature profile are always accurate. After all, there are many mathematical models to shape curvature profiles into the correct representation. However, one of the most appropriate models found is the natural logarithm function. The function itself has alteration properties towards the raw data generated from reverse engineering based on vision.

Engineering Applications for New Materials and Technologies, 2018

Frictional heat generated during the friction stir welding (FSW) process will somehow affect the ... more Frictional heat generated during the friction stir welding (FSW) process will somehow affect the mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints. In this present study, the FSW of aluminium alloy (AA) 6063 pipe butt joints with 5 mm wall thickness has been performed, and the evaluation of fracture and hardness distribution across the weld cross section is primarily discussed. Several selected rotational and travel speeds are used for specimen preparation. It was found that the fracture location closely matched with the lowest hardness region either on the advancing or retreating side of the welded joints.

Journal of Image and Graphics, 2016

In reverse engineering practice, most designer will use 3D scanner to scan on 3D physical objects... more In reverse engineering practice, most designer will use 3D scanner to scan on 3D physical objects to obtain point cloud data, then the point cloud data is later being processed to obtain the final 3D CAD Model. However, when the 3D physical object is not at the same location as the 3D scanner, the 3D scanning method cannot be used. To overcome this limitation, another alternative computer method is proposed to obtain 3D point cloud from 2D image. This paper will further explain on the method on how to generate 3D point clouds without 3D scanner, hence enabling reverse engineering process to be done without using 3D scanner.  Index Terms-reverse engineering, 2D digital image, 3D point cloud

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017

This research will introduce an existing statistical curve fitting tool i.e. local regression int... more This research will introduce an existing statistical curve fitting tool i.e. local regression into reverse engineering process. Instead of using the local regression on statistical data, it will be applied on 3D point clouds obtained from 3D scanners. As most 3D scanners capture the smallest surface details such as textured and non-smooth surfaces, it makes the 3D point cloud to surface conversion process problematic. By modifying this existing statistical tool of local regression with the proposed algorithm, it helps to smooth out rough surfaces obtained from 3D point cloud, minimising the error when generating the virtual surface from smoothened point cloud rather than from raw point cloud. The related method of performing the smoothening process on the 3D point will also be included in this paper. At the end, comparison of the smoothened point cloud and the unsmoothened point cloud will be visualised and discussed.

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012

Online learning allows flexibility in learning and accessing materials according to student needs... more Online learning allows flexibility in learning and accessing materials according to student needs in terms of time and techniques. Similarly, compared with traditional courses, online learning provides interactive materials that allow easy access to information and feedback from others. However, not all students are interested to engage in online learning (Norwati & Zaini, 2007), especially those students who are engaged in courses that require a face-to-face learning environment, such as engineering. Diaz and Cartnal (1999) claim this situation relates to learning styles. Students with different learning styles would have different perceptions and commitment towards online learning. This article aims to identify the learning styles of engineering students, and their perceptions towards online learning. Data were collected by using a questionnaire with two domains. The first section is the learning style domain that uses the learning style inventory (Kolb, 1984). The second section includes student perceptions towards online learning, which was adapted from O'Mally and McCraw (1999). The participants of the study consisted of 136 first year engineering students studying in a public university in Malaysia. The respondents have different learning styles, and most of them were identified as assimilator learners. In addition, the respondents tend to have a positive perception towards the effectiveness and related advantages of online learning. No significant relationship was observed among the perceptions towards online learning of students with different learning styles. Thus, learning styles have no influence on the perception of engineering students towards online learning.

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2020

The design of a mould, which is manually performed, is time-consuming and quite complicated. This... more The design of a mould, which is manually performed, is time-consuming and quite complicated. This research presents a study on the procedures for automatic feature recognition to help in mould design. A hybrid representation approach is used in automatic feature recognition to extract geometric information from a feature to identify undercut features. Boundary representation is applied in the shape representation using topology and geometry. The proposed approach uses a face adjacency hypergraph to describe the shape of the undercut features by representing the relationships amongst the feature faces. Face-to-face composition is applied to represent the relationship between the main and the undercut features. Parts A, B, and C are created, and automatic feature recognition is used to classify the depression and protrusion features. Algorithms based on a heuristic rule are adopted to determine the optimal parting line and direction of the parts by comparing their feature’s geometric information. The automatic feature recognition approach identifies the shape of concave and convex features in accordance with the depression or protrusion of faces and the face adjacency relationship. This approach can be helpful in automatically creating the core and cavity. The proposed approach will help simplify the process and reduce the time for mould design. Therefore, this approach will significantly affect the increase in productivity in the manufacturing industry.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018