Salvi Shah - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Salvi Shah

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Dec 27, 2022

Health is basically related with physical activity (PA) and aerobic fitness (AF). 1 PA also incre... more Health is basically related with physical activity (PA) and aerobic fitness (AF). 1 PA also increases general physical fitness (PF) and self-esteem and reduces stress and anxiety. Moreover, there is evidence that PA in childhood and adolescence is related to AF. 2 Regular practice of PA and a healthy cardiorespiratory fitness ABSTRACT Background: Aerobic fitness (AF) and Physical activity (PA) has shown a numerous valuable effects on physical and mental health of school children. However, research on relationship of AF and PA with Academic achievement (AA) has been less explored in the developing countries. So the present study was undertaken to examine the relationship of AF and PA with AA among school children of Surat city, Western India. Methods: A total of 579 children aged between 10 to 14 years, were enrolled from 14 granted/nongranted schools of Surat city. Data on children's demographics, anthropometric measures (height, weight, Body Mass Index), AF (20m shuttle run test) were abstracted. Information regarding head of the family, parents' education, occupation and monthly income along with physical activity readiness questionnaire (PARQ) were also noted from the parents. PA was measured with cross culturally adapted English and Gujarati version of Physical activity questionnairechildren (PAQ-C). Children's AA was measured by their recent examination results in mathematics, science, social study and language (Gujarati and English) subjects along with overall grades provided by the administrative services of the schools participating in the study. Spearmen's correlation coefficient was used to assess relationship of AF and PA with AA among children. Results: Overall, mean VO2max for 20m shuttle run test among the children was 35.33±2.20 ml/kg/minute. Results of the study showed a significant moderate positive association of AF (VO2max and no.of laps) and PA (PAQ-C) with mathematics (rho=0.46, p<0.0001 for VO2max, rho=0.51, p<0.0001for no. of laps, rho=0.42, p<0.0001 for PA) and significant weak positive association of AF (VO2max and no.of laps) and PA (PAQ-C) with science (rho=0.34, p<0.0001 for VO2max, rho=0.32, p<0.0001for no.of laps, rho=0.36, p<0.0001 for PA) ,English (rho=0.35, p<0.0001 for VO2max, rho=0.34, p<0.0001for no. of laps, rho=0.35, p<0.0001 for PA), Gujarati (rho=0.39, p<0.0001 for VO2max, rho=0.33, p<0.0001for no. of laps, rho=0.38, p<0.0001 for PA) ,social study (rho=0.22, p<0.0001 for VO2max, rho=0.32, p<0.0001for no. of laps, rho=0.36, p<0.0001 for PA) and overall grades (rho=0.32, p<0.0001 for VO2max, rho=0.31, p<0.0001 for no. of laps, rho=0.34, p<0.0001 for PA) amongst all the children. All the correlations remain significant even after controlling socio-economical status and age. Conclusions: The present study concluded that AF and PA has more impact on mathematics subject compared to science, language, social study and overall grades among school children. Academic success is associated with higher level of CRF levels. So the schools should reflect the plans to progress AF and PA as part of their overall strategy for improving AA.

Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy—An International Journal, 2013

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are important determinants of health leading to adverse meta... more Introduction: Overweight and obesity are important determinants of health leading to adverse metabolic changes and increase the risk of non communicable diseases. Hence, the present study was undertaken to study the prevalence of overweight/obesity among school going children of Surat city (Western India). Materials and Method: The cross-sectional study was carried out in the 5 middle-schools (8th to12th standard) of Surat. Probability proportionate to size of population technique was used to decide the number of children to be studied from each school, each class and then each section. Pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to elicit the information on family characteristics and individual characteristics. Height and weight was measured and then BMI was calculated. Overweight and obesity was assessed by BMI for age. Results: Overweight and obesity was found to be 15.98 % and 8.94 % respectively; together constitute 24.92 %. Prevalence of Overweight was 15.77 % and 16.12 % among males and females respectively and prevalence of Obesity was 8.60 % and 9.18% among males and females respectively. Conclusion: Medium of study, father's occupation, eating habits, junk food consumption, time spent on watching T.V /computer, time spent for playing outdoor games, attending tuition, and mode of transport for reaching school were associated to overweight/obesity. Individual characteristics played important role in predisposing the children to overweight/obesity, hence the interventions need to be directed towards the individuals.

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

Background: Aerobic fitness (AF) and Physical activity (PA) has shown a numerous valuable effects... more Background: Aerobic fitness (AF) and Physical activity (PA) has shown a numerous valuable effects on physical and mental health of school children. However, research on relationship of AF and PA with Academic achievement (AA) has been less explored in the developing countries. So the present study was undertaken to examine the relationship of AF and PA with AA among school children of Surat city, Western India.Methods: A total of 579 children aged between 10 to 14 years, were enrolled from 14 granted/nongranted schools of Surat city. Data on children’s demographics, anthropometric measures (height, weight, Body Mass Index), AF (20m shuttle run test) were abstracted. Information regarding head of the family, parents’ education, occupation and monthly income along with physical activity readiness questionnaire (PARQ) were also noted from the parents. PA was measured with cross culturally adapted English and Gujarati version of Physical activity questionnaire – children (PAQ-C). Childr...

Abstract: Death is beyond one's personal control, generates great concern and anxiety, among... more Abstract: Death is beyond one's personal control, generates great concern and anxiety, among human beings. Studies exploring the association between religious attitudes and death attitudes in adolescents and young adults in postmodern society are scarce. This study examines the relationship between five dimensions of attitude toward death (fear of death, death avoidance, neutral acceptance, approach acceptance, and escape acceptance), death anxiety, life satisfaction and meaning, religiosity and selected personal factors among health care staff and students in three teaching hospitals. A total of 230 adolescents and adults both sexes who were willing participated. Diener et al Satisfaction with Life, Steger et al Meaning of Life Questionnaire; Templer's Death Anxiety Scale, Wong's Death Attitude Profile-R and a religious attitude scale were administered. Findings showed

Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2012

Background: Physical activity is a promising method to enhance neurocognitive function in healthy... more Background: Physical activity is a promising method to enhance neurocognitive function in healthy older adults, but the effects of physical activity on individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia remain poorly understood. Here we examined whether physical activity, objectively measured with an accelerometer, predicted cognitive status in both healthy and cognitively impaired (CI) older adults. Methods: Eighty-two older adults (mean age 1⁄4 74.9; 6 5.3 years) were recruited from a community sample that included both cognitively healthy and CI (MCI or dementia) adults. All participants completed a neuropsychological battery and were diagnosed based on clinical adjudication. In addition, each participant wore an armband accelerometer that objectively recorded physical activity. We examined the relationship between average daily physical activity and cognitive status using bootstrapped linear and logistic regression analyses. In order to examine the differential effects of physical activity by age, we stratified by the median age (74 years) for these analyses.Results: Fifty-six participants were cognitively normal and 26 participants were diagnosed with MCI or dementia (CI). The CI group was significantly older (78.0 vs. 73.4 years) and had a lower average body mass index (BMI; 26.7 vs. 28.9) than the cognitively normal group. Education level did not differ between groups. Lower average daily METs, a standardized measure of energy expenditure, predicted a CI diagnosis when controlling for BMI in the older age group (B 1⁄4 -5.24; p<.01). Neither BMI nor METs predicted CI in the younger age group (p’s>.1). A similar pattern was seen when predicting time on the Trail Making Test, both parts A and B, such that higher METs predicted faster time only for the older group. Conclusions: Our data demonstrates that obtaining multi-day objective measures of physical activity is feasible in neurologically healthy and cognitively impaired older adults. Based on these objective assessments, energy expenditurewas related to neurocognitive function only in the oldest participants. These data suggest that physical activity is related to cognitive ability in persons at highest risk for cognitive decline.

Physiotherapy research promotes optimum care for patients through evidence-based physiotherapy pr... more Physiotherapy research promotes optimum care for patients through evidence-based physiotherapy practice. Students' attitude towards research motivates them to engage in research, develop research skills and apply research findings in clinical settings to promote positive patients outcome. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the attitudes and anxiety of undergraduate Physiotherapy students towards research component. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out with purposively selected students (n=150) from one physiotherapy college (Third-year BPT, final year BPT and internee). With informed voluntary consent, data on students' attitude and anxie-ty toward research were collected using Attitudes Toward Research (ATR) scale which was devised by Elena T. Papanastasiou in 2005. ATR consists of 32 items measured on a 7- point Likert scale. A value of 1 indicates a response of 'strongly disagree' and a value of 7 corresponds to 'strongly agree...

Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science, 2017

Background - Tests of standing balance are frequently included in neurological evaluations, few o... more Background - Tests of standing balance are frequently included in neurological evaluations, few objective data are available to indicate how well individuals of different ages should be able to maintain standing balance so the present study was carried out to establish the relationship between performance on timed balance tests and age.Methodology: Normal males and females (n=75) in the age group of 20-69 years were included in the study after they gave their informed consent.The subjects were allocated to 5 groups according to their age. Group A â€“ 20-29 years, Group B â€“ 30-39 years,Group C â€“ 40-49 year,Â Group D â€“ 50-59 years, Group E â€“ Â 60-69 years.Subjects stood without shoes with weight bearing lower extremities inside 18A—20- inches frame on a smooth and level surface.Subjects in each age group performed eight balancing activities and time was recorded for each activity on a digital stop watch.Results- All subjects balanced for 30 seconds with feet apart and with fe...

Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science, 2014

This article presents a theoretical basis for techniques of physical exercises developed by Josep... more This article presents a theoretical basis for techniques of physical exercises developed by Joseph Pilates. The method, as a part of the so-called Body Mind Exercises group, first gained recognition among professional dancers, actors and choreographers but has become more popular and is now regularly applied in sport, fitness and physiotherapy. Pilates is a uniquely precise and intelligent approach to exercise and body-conditioning, which gives you a leaner, suppler, more toned body and a calmer, more relaxed mind. The initial part of the paper presents historical background, principles of performing exercises and benefits using the Pilates Method. Pilates is a gentle, non-aerobic exercise method, which lengthens and strengthens the muscles, and improves posture, without stressing the joints or the heart. The Pilates method incorporates both physical and mental elements. The technique focuses on the ‘‘power house’’ or what is known today as the core; in Pilates, this includes the ab...

INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY, 2017

Background & Purpose: Decline in physical mobility is a major concern for many older people. Even... more Background & Purpose: Decline in physical mobility is a major concern for many older people. Even small improvements in the areas of mobility, balance, and gait may contribute valuable benefits in terms of quality of life. Footwear, being at the interface between the body and the supporting surface, has the potential to affect balance and subsequently, the risk of falling. Hence the purpose of this study was to evaluate the balance & gait while wearing different type of footwear using functional reach test (FRT), time up and go test(TUG) and 10 meter walk test(10 MWT). Subjects: 50 older males aged between 60-80 years. Method: Demographic data, brief history and characteristics of different type of footwear were recorded. Each subjects performed FRT, TUG and MWT while barefoot, walking shoe and usual footwear (slipper). Each subject had performed all 3 tests without any difficulty. Three trials were given for each test and average of three trials was noted by therapist. One way repe...

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2020

Background: Physical inactivity in children and adolescents is a major issue in public health. Ph... more Background: Physical inactivity in children and adolescents is a major issue in public health. Physical activity (PA) is a best predictor of cardiovascular, skeletal, and mental health in children and adolescents, yet contemporary youth, and especially girls, are often insufficiently active. However, PA levels in children of Surat city, Gujarat has been less explored. So present study was undertaken. Methodology: A Cross sectional survey was conducted on 82 children from 3 different schools of Surat city using self -reported PAQ-C (Physical Activity Questionnaire -Children) in last seven days to measure PA after obtaining permission from school authorities. Anthropometric measures and self-reported socio-demographic data were also recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to depict the characteristics of the study population and PA levels. Results: Mean PA level amongst children was 2.55 (SD=0.60). PA level in girls (2.24, SD=0.73) was significantly lower than in males (2.67, SD=0...

Purpose: The association of obesity with hypertension has been recognized for the decades which a... more Purpose: The association of obesity with hypertension has been recognized for the decades which are the important risk factors for the cardiovascular disease. So the purpose of the present study was to determine association of obesity with hypertension in school going children of Surat. Methodology: School going children aged between 12-18 years, of five schools in Surat were selected for the study. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Blood pressure measurements were taken as per recommendation of American heart society and family history of hypertension has also been assessed. Hypertension was considered if blood pressure is more than 95th percentile according to the update of task force report and Obesity was diagnosed by BMI for age. Results: Of 682 children, 8.94% were obese and 20.09% were hypertensive. Conclusion: Obesity is strongly associated with hypertension in children and both together may risk factors for later coronary disease.

Physiotherapy - The Journal of Indian Association of Physiotherapists, 2020

BACKGROUND: The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) is a self-administered... more BACKGROUND: The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) is a self-administered questionnaire to assess physical activity (PA) among older children, and it is available in English, Dutch, Malay, Spanish, Turkish, and Gujarati languages. Cross-cultural adaptation and robust research on psychometric properties arise the need for current research on the PAQ-C in Gujarati language (PAQ-C [G]). METHODS: The study was carried out in three phases: cultural adaptation and translation into the Gujarati language from English using the forward-backward-forward method, pilot study on 10 children to assess the comprehensibility of the prefinal version, and psychometric properties of the final version of the questionnaire. To ensure the face and content validity of the PAQ-C (G) group, a consensus method was used. Each item was examined by a group of experts having a mean experience of 22.11 years in different fields. Each item was analyzed for content, meaning, wording, format, ease of administration, and scoring. Each item was scored by an expert group as either rejected, accepted, or accepted with modification. The procedure was continued until 80% of consensus for all items. Finally, 20 children were asked to complete the PAQ-C (G) on two occasions 1 week apart to examine its test–retest reliability. RESULTS: The reliability coefficient using the average-measure intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) total score of PAQ-C (G) was 0.82 which is a strong positive correlation. The test–retest between individual items shows that PAQ-C (G) had a moderate-to-strong correlation with ICC value between 0.78 and 0.91. The internal consistency reliability of PAQ-C (G) was α = 0.94 and α = 0.92 for assessments 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSION: PAQ-C (G) has a good face–content validity and test–retest reliability which can be used to measure PA among Gujarati speaking older schoolchildren.

Physiotherapy - The Journal of Indian Association of Physiotherapists, 2019

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cognition is the mental action on the process of acknowledge and understa... more BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cognition is the mental action on the process of acknowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and sense. A glowing body of literature is binding that being overweight (OW) or obese (O) has an effect on cognition as well as on physical functioning. A better understanding of this relationship could help target psychological services and public health strategies more effectively. The aim of the present study was to find out the impact of body mass index (BMI) on cognitive function among young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A convenient sample of 300 participants aged between 18 and 24 years was selected for the study. Demographic data and anthropometric measurements were taken. After that, BMI was calculated for all participants and participants were divided into two groups: Group A (normal BMI, n = 150) and Group B (OW/O, n = 130). Twenty students were excluded from the study because of their underweight. Rest of the participants (n = 280) were asked to performed Rey Verbal Auditory Learning test (RVALT), Stroop test, and Trail Making test A and B. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Unpaired t-test was used to find out a significant difference in cognitive functions among two groups. RESULTS: It was found that cognition score (all three tests) obtained by normal BMI group was higher than score obtained by OW/O group (RVALT: P<0.0001, Stroop test: P<0.0001, Trail Making Test: Part A: P < 0.04 and for Part B: P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that high BMI individuals have lower cognitive functions.

International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research, 2016

Background: Primary dysmenorrhoea is one of the most common gynaecological problems worldwide amo... more Background: Primary dysmenorrhoea is one of the most common gynaecological problems worldwide among young females. Findings claimed that exercise may positively affect this problem. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercises on primary dysmenorrhoea of female students. Materials and Methods: A convenient sample was taken consisting of 40 participants, randomly and equally divided into two groups .Group A: Stretching exercise group, Group B: Control group. Group A received Stretching Exercises. Participants in group A completed an active stretching exercise program for 6 active stretching exercises in the abdominal, pelvic, and groin regions for 8 weeks (4 days per week twice for 10 min.) Group B was control group. All Participants were examined for pain intensity VAS (10-point scale) and Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System for Assessment of Dysmenorrhoea Severity (VMSS). Level of significance was kept at 5%. Results: The results of Groups A and B were analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. In group A, VAS and VMSS showed significant improvement in pain. VAS was reduced from 6.3 to 4.6 (difference in mean 1.7 ± 0.23, W = 120, p = 0.0002) and VMSS was reduced from 2 to 1 (difference in median 1, W = 171, p <0.0001). In group B, there was no significant improvement in pain. VAS score reduced from 6.5 to 6.4. Difference in mean VAS was (0.10 ± 0.30, W = 9, p = 0.53). There was no difference in mean VMSS at the end of 8 weeks. Comparison of Group A and Group B was done with Mann Whitney U Test. There was a significant difference in improvement in VAS (U = 51.50, p < 0.01) and VMSS (U = 30, p < 0.01) between Groups A and B .There was a significant difference in improvement in VMSS between Groups A and B. Conclusion: Stretching exercises are effective in reducing pain in young females with primary dysmenorrhoea.

Dictionary of Rheumatology, 2009

Most sports involve fast movements for which forces must be generated quickly. In order to assist... more Most sports involve fast movements for which forces must be generated quickly. In order to assist the athlete in training for power event the concept of plyometrics was introduced in Russia in 1969. Plyometrics is a traditional form of resistance training emphasizing the loading of muscles during an eccentric muscle action, which is quickly followed by a rebound concentric action. Plyometrics are also being used for lower and upper extremity rehabilitation. Many research studies have documented the effectiveness of plyometrics training on increasing power in the lower extremity. Very few research studies have documented the effectiveness of plyometric training on upper extremities. Although applicable to both upper and lower body, typically plyometrics exercises have involved jumping movements starting with a rapid lowering of body"s centre of gravity (the eccentric muscle action component) from a standing position (termed a counter movement jump) or from an elevated surface (termed a drop jump) which is followed immediately by a jump in which the athlete tries to attain maximum height or distance (the concentric muscle action component). Plyometric training is most frequently completed using body weight rather than a mechanical load to provide the resistance, although weight can be attached to athlete to increase the resistance. Weighted implements, such as medicine balls, can also be used for training upper extremities.

International Journal of Medicine Health Research, Apr 3, 2015

Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy an International Journal, 2012

Introduction: Occupational health hazards are very common. With promotion of industrial life, the... more Introduction: Occupational health hazards are very common. With promotion of industrial life, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders has increased markedly. The most common complaint in workers is low back and neck pain. As physiotherapists daily deal with all work related musculoskeletal problems and the job nature of physiotherapists included treating the patients, lifting the body part of the patients, awkward posture and may have to sit/stand for prolong period to treat the patients. So the purpose of the study is to find out the prevalence of back pain&neck pain among physiotherapists themselves. Aim of Study: Find out prevalence of back and neck pain in the physiotherapists Methodology: Study design: Observational study Sample selection: A random sample of 100 was taken after giving due consideration to inclusive&exclusive criteria. Data was collected by general assessment form&Nordic questionnaire Inclusive criteria: Age group-20-35 years, Gender - Males&Females, Working hours in O.P.D-at least 4 hours/day, Minimum of one year experience in treating patients. Exclusive criteria: Working in academic area, Age-Above 35 years, under any medication, Consuming alcohol, Fracture in back&neck region in past 1 year Results: The prevalence of back pain in physiotherapists was 65% and neck pain was 41%. Working in O.P.D(75%) was ranked as the main factor which contributed to back pain, followed by prolong standing(66%), weight lifting(38%), vehicle driving(32%), prolong sitting(26%) working on computer(14%), depression(12%), poor posture(9%), dancing(8%)&injury(3%). Working in O.P.D (75%) was ranked as the main factor which contributed to neck pain, followed by poor posture(54%), vehicle driving(46%), prolong standing(34%), work on computer(34%), depression(27%), weight lifting(22%), prolong sitting(20%), dancing(10%)&injury(5%). Conclusion: Prevalence of back pain was higher than the prevalence of neck pain among physiotherapists. Females were more prone to get back&neck pain than males. Working in O.P.D.&prolong standing were major factors contributed back pain whereas working in O.P.D.&poor posture were major factors contributed neck pain.

Introduction: Occupational health hazards are very common. Higher prevalence rates occur in the o... more Introduction: Occupational health hazards are very common. Higher prevalence rates occur in the occupational settings. With promotion of industrial life, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders has increased markedly. The most common complaint in workers is low back pain and neck pain. As job nature of doctors included doing surgery on patients, awkward posture and may have to stand and/or sit for prolong period of time for examining and/or treating the patients. So the purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of low back pain among doctors. Aim of Study: To find out prevalence of low back pain in the doctors Methodology: Study design: Observational study Sample selection:A random sample of 95 was taken after giving due consideration to inclusive & exclusive criteria. Data was collected by General assessment form and general questionnaire, Nordic questionnaire and General health questionnaire. Inclusive criteria: Age group: 25-50, gender – males & females, working ho...