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Research paper thumbnail of Psychological dynamics of outrage against injustice

People can become outraged by what they perceive as injustice, like torture or aggressive war, an... more People can become outraged by what they perceive as injustice, like torture or aggressive war, and sometimes this stimulates social action. Perpetrators of such actions regularly use a number of methods, such as cover-up and reinterpretation, to minimise outrage. The struggle between powerful perpetrators and challengers over reactions to occurrences potentially perceived as unfair can be called the dynamics of outrage. Psychology is a crucial factor in such struggles, but there has been no study of psychological perspectives relevant to outrage dynamics. We survey several psychological theories - Freudian psychoanalysis, just world theory, Bandura's theory of moral disengagement, reactance theory, balance theory and studies of persuasion - that seem relevant to outrage dynamics. These theories, among others, offer insights about why and when people become outraged and about the tactics of devaluation, reinterpretation and use of official channels used by perpetrators to minimise outrage. Insights about the psychology of outrage dynamics can assist activists opposing injustice.

Papers by Samantha Reis

Research paper thumbnail of It\u27s only scary if it\u27s about me or my child: Different responses to emotional appeals targeting asthma awareness

presented at Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, Adelaide, 3-5 Dec 201

Research paper thumbnail of Personal agency and borderline personality disorder: a longitudinal study of outcomes

BMC Psychiatry

Background Low personal agency is the concept of attributing successes and failures to external f... more Background Low personal agency is the concept of attributing successes and failures to external factors rather than personal characteristics. Previous research supported links between low personal agency and symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present research followed patients in an outpatient dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) group from intake to 12 months follow up to examine the impact of personal agency on outcome. Methods Patients (N = 57, age 18–72, 91.5% female) were assessed at intake, after three months of DBT treatment, and 12 months follow up on measures of symptoms and personal agency. Three separate measures were used to assess treatment outcomes: the BPD Checklist, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5). Results Mixed model analyses found BPD symptoms significantly reduced as a result of DBT treatment and were maintained at follow-up. However, 47% of participants continued to meet BPD criteria 12 mon...

Research paper thumbnail of What I say isn\u27t always what I do: investigating differences in children\u27s reported and actual snack food preferences

The current study sought to explore discrepancies between children\u27s stated snack food motivat... more The current study sought to explore discrepancies between children\u27s stated snack food motivations and actual food choices, using the Implicit Association Test (IAT) as a measure of implicit attitudes towards \u27healthy\u27 and \u27unhealthy\u27 foods. Participants were children aged 6-12 years (n=118), from two primary schools on the South Coast of NSW, Australia - a public school in a semi-rural suburb south of a sea-side city and a public school in a largely residential northern suburb of the same city. The children completed a questionnaire about motivations for snack choices, participated in an activity, completed two further questionnaires, selected snack foods from an in-class store, and participated in two rounds of an IAT \u27game\u27 pairing pictures of snack foods with positive and negative words. As hypothesized, the majority of children reported \u27healthiness\u27 as their primary motivator for snack food choice, but when faced with an actual purchase decision pred...

Research paper thumbnail of Characteristics of effective online interventions: implications for adolescents with personality disorder during a global pandemic

Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 2021

In recent years, the necessity of providing online interventions for adolescents, as an alternati... more In recent years, the necessity of providing online interventions for adolescents, as an alternative to face-to-face interventions, has become apparent due to several barriers some adolescents face in accessing treatment. This need has become more critical with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic impacting the delivery of psychotherapy and limiting accessibility of face-to-face therapy. Whilst it has been established that face-to-face psychotherapy for adolescents with personality disorder can be effective in reducing the impact these complex mental illnesses have on functioning, online interventions for adolescents are rare, and to our knowledge there are no empirically validated online interventions for personality disorder. The development of novel online interventions are therefore necessary. To inform the development of online interventions for adolescents with personality disorder or symptoms of emerging personality disorder, a two-phase rapid review was con...

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1 of Narcissistic traits in young people and how experiencing shame relates to current attachment challenges

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Parameters estimates of direct, indirect and total eff... more Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Parameters estimates of direct, indirect and total effects of mediation model. Supplementary Table S2. Parameters estimates of direct, indirect and total effects of mediation model by facets of pathological narcissism traits.

Research paper thumbnail of sj-docx-3-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 – Supplemental material for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy ... more Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review by Jane Woodbridge, Michelle Townsend, Samantha Reis, Saniya Singh and Brin FS Grenyer in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Research paper thumbnail of sj-sav-2-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 – Supplemental material for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Supplemental material, sj-sav-2-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy f... more Supplemental material, sj-sav-2-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review by Jane Woodbridge, Michelle Townsend, Samantha Reis, Saniya Singh and Brin FS Grenyer in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Research paper thumbnail of sj-xlsx-1-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 – Supplemental material for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Supplemental material, sj-xlsx-1-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy ... more Supplemental material, sj-xlsx-1-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review by Jane Woodbridge, Michelle Townsend, Samantha Reis, Saniya Singh and Brin FS Grenyer in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Research paper thumbnail of Not just the taste: Why adolescents drink alcopops. Health Educ

Not just the taste: why adolescents drink alcopops Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to dete... more Not just the taste: why adolescents drink alcopops Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the features of alcopops which make them attractive to Australian adolescents, which features are most important in determining choice of ready-to-drinks (RTDs) over other alcoholic drinks, and whether these vary by age and gender. Design/methodology/approach – Mixed methods study. Participants in Study 1 (focus groups) were 72 adolescents aged 12-17 from New South Wales, Australia; four groups each from Sydney (metropolitan area), Wollongong (regional) and Dubbo (rural); and in Study 2 (survey), 1,263 adolescents aged 12-17 recruited through schools, mall intercepts, and online. Findings – The predominant factor influencing preference for alcopops across both genders was taste, followed by alcohol strength and cost, although the association between price and choice was complex. Convenience was an important factor, including ease of carrying and concealing, as was the physical appe...

Research paper thumbnail of Pathological Narcissism and Emotional Responses to Rejection: The Impact of Adult Attachment

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

Background: Aspects of pathological narcissism, such as grandiosity, vulnerability and entitlemen... more Background: Aspects of pathological narcissism, such as grandiosity, vulnerability and entitlement, tend be enacted in therapeutic settings, negatively influencing outcome and alliance between the clients and therapist. This research took an experimental approach to understanding the interplay between the emotional reactions of individuals with a pathological narcissistic presentation, and adult attachment style. We predicted that participants reporting narcissistic vulnerability would report greater insecurity in attachment (fearful and preoccupied styles), greater trait emotional reactivity, and also experience more intense and negative responses to simulated rejectionMethods: 269 participants (75.84% female, median age = 21) completed baseline and rejection trials of a virtual ball-tossing game, following the assessment of grandiose and vulnerable pathological narcissism, entitlement, adult attachment, trait emotional reactivity (measured prior to the rejection) and in-situ affec...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of an evidence-based framework to support knowledge translation within the Australian Dementia Training and Study Program

presented at the National Dementia Research Forum 2014, 19 September 2014, Sydney, Australia

Research paper thumbnail of Changing community attitudes toward greater inclusion of people with disabilities

Community attitudes Recent research supports earlier findings that community attitudes toward inc... more Community attitudes Recent research supports earlier findings that community attitudes toward inclusion of people with disabilities are generally positive, but tend to be paternalistic. When disabilities are perceived as more severe, stigmatising attitudes, anxiety and discomfort are also more likely to emerge. Research identifies more negative attitudes toward individuals with mental illness (particularly schizophrenia) than toward individuals with other intellectual or developmental disabilities, and that people with physical disabilities experience the least stigma. This is hypothesised to be due to common perceptions that people with mental illnesses are unpredictable and potentially dangerous. People with an intellectual disability 12. customising marketing messages according to organisation size, emphasising the benefits pertinent to small, medium and large organisations 13. including the perspectives of other employers when presenting success stories, in order to communicate the benefits of the employment arrangement from the employers' standpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of Workplace bullying in Australia

The ideal Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment strategy should be defined based on the results... more The ideal Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment strategy should be defined based on the results from functional and anatomical examinations according to current guidelines [1]. However, this concept is apparently being overlooked by some centers, where percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is used to treat coronary lesions with ≤50% diameter stenosis, regardless of their functional repercussion [2-8]. Concern about the unnecessary revascularization of the myocardium motivated some cardiologists to develop the concept of functional PCI, where through the measurement of coronary fractional flow reserve (FFR) the therapeutic decision can be made [9].

Research paper thumbnail of Recruitment and Retention of Volunteers

Aims and research questions 4 Key findings 5 Attitudes and participation 5 Use of marketing conce... more Aims and research questions 4 Key findings 5 Attitudes and participation 5 Use of marketing concepts 5 Social marketing campaigns 6 Recommendations 6 Introduction 8 Aims 10 Method 10 Rapid review 10 Search strategy 10 Inclusion and exclusion criteria 11 Report structure 11 1 Attitudes toward and participation in volunteering 13 1.1 Motivations and benefits 13 1.1.1 Episodic volunteering 14 1.1.2 Benefits of volunteering 16 1.2 Facilitators and barriers 16 1.3 Differences between sociodemographic groups 18 1.3.1 Gender 18 1.3.2 Socioeconomic factors 19 1.3.3 Age 20 1.3.4 Cultural background 22 1.3.5 People who are unemployed 23 1.3.6 People with a disability 24 2 Use of marketing concepts for recruiting volunteers 26 2.1 Competition, segmentation and positioning 27 2.1.

Research paper thumbnail of Personal Agency in Borderline Personality Disorder: The Impact of Adult Attachment Style

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

BackgroundPersonal agency- the degree to which one believes they have control over their life- is... more BackgroundPersonal agency- the degree to which one believes they have control over their life- is thought to influence how people understand their interpersonal relationships. Links between adult attachment and personal agency are theoretically relevant to the experience of borderline personality disorder (BPD) but this has yet to be empirically examined. The present research examines the impact of personal agency and adult attachment styles for individuals meeting criteria for BPD.MethodsParticipants consented to an online community study examining measures of locus of control (as an index of personal agency), BPD, and adult attachment. Participants meeting criteria for BPD (N = 96; mean age = 30.63; 70.5% female) were compared to age-matched healthy controls (N = 96; mean age = M = 31.99; 89.0% female).ResultsIndividuals who met criteria for BPD displayed lower personal agency and higher fearful and preoccupied attachment styles in their close relationships, compared to Controls. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Narcissistic traits in young people and how experiencing shame relates to current attachment challenges

BMC Psychiatry, 2021

Background Young people with pathological narcissistic traits may have more maladaptive ways of r... more Background Young people with pathological narcissistic traits may have more maladaptive ways of relating to themselves and others. In this study, we investigated how the experience of shame may be a mechanism by which vulnerable and grandiose pathological narcissism relates to negative and positive internalised models of the self and others, manifested as attachment styles. Methods Participants (N = 348) were young people who reported on pathological narcissism, the experience of shame and their model of self and others (secure, dismissive, preoccupied and fearful attachment). Mediation of the experience of shame between vulnerable and grandiose narcissism on the one hand and secure, dismissive, preoccupied and fearful attachment on the other hand, was tested using a path model. Results Shame mediated the relationship between vulnerable narcissism and a more negative model of others and self (i.e. less secure, more fearful and more preoccupied in attachment). Higher grandiose narcis...

Research paper thumbnail of Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2021

Highlight: This is the first systematic review to investigate non-response to psychotherapy for b... more Highlight: This is the first systematic review to investigate non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Background: Psychotherapy is the recommended treatment for borderline personality disorder. While systematic reviews have demonstrated the effectiveness of psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder, effect sizes remain small and influenced by bias. Furthermore, the proportion of people who do not respond to treatment is seldom reported or analysed. Objective: To obtain an informed estimate of the proportion of people who do not respond to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Methods: Systematic searches of five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library, occurred in November 2020. Inclusion criteria: participants diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, treated with psychotherapy and data reporting either (a) the proportion of the sample that experienced ‘reliable change’ or (b) the percentage ...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Relationships Between Eating Disorders and Mental Health in Women Attending Residential Substance Use Treatment

Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2019

Objective: Objective: Comorbid eating disorders (EDs) and ED symptoms are highly prevalent among ... more Objective: Objective: Comorbid eating disorders (EDs) and ED symptoms are highly prevalent among women with substance use disorders and may be a barrier to recovery. Higher rates of psychiatric illness are common when more than one disorder is present. Yet little is known about the rates and risk factors for EDs/ED symptoms in women attending treatment centers in Australia. The primary aim is to examine the prevalence of ED symptoms among women attending treatment centers. This study also examines past physical and sexual abuse and mental health as specific predictors of EDs/ED symptoms. Methods: Methods: Participants were 1,444 women attending residential treatment for substance use issues provided by the Salvation Army in Australia. Measures included the Addiction Severity Index, the Eating Disorder Screen for Primary Care, medication use, hospitalization, mental health, and past abuse. Results: Results: Alcohol was the primary substance of concern for 53.3% of the women, followed by amphetamines (17.5%), and the mean age was 37.83 years (SD = 10.8). Nearly 60% of women screened positive for ED symptoms and 32% reported a previous or current ED. Women with a history of sexual abuse had significantly greater odds (1.96) of positive screening for an ED compared to those without a history of sexual abuse. Similarly, compared to women without a history of physical abuse, those who did have a history had significantly higher odds (1.59) of a positive screen for an ED. These women were also significantly more likely to have had a health care provider recommend they take medications for psychological or emotional problems in the past 30 days, χ2(1) = 8.42, p = .004, and during their lifetime, χ2(1) = 17.89, p < .001. They also had a significantly greater number of overnight hospitalizations for medical problems compared to those who screened negative, t(137) = −2.19, p = .03. Conclusions: Conclusions: Women with comorbid substance use issues and EDs are highly likely to have a history of past abuse. This combination of comorbidities makes treatment and recovery difficult. Increased awareness and research are required to explore integrated approaches to treatment that accommodate these vulnerabilities and improve long-term outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of Searching in the dark: Shining a light on some predictors of non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder

PLOS ONE

Background Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a prevalent and serious mental health conditi... more Background Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a prevalent and serious mental health condition. People can experience recovery or remission after receiving psychotherapy for BPD; however, it is estimated that about 45% of people in well conducted treatment trials do not respond adequately to current psychological treatments. Aim To further advance psychotherapies for BPD by identifying the factors that contribute to the problem of non-response. Method 184 consecutive participants with BPD in community treatment were naturalistically followed up over 12 months and measures of personality and social functioning were examined. Logistic regressions were used to determine which baseline factors were associated with the likelihood of being a non-responder after 12 months of psychotherapy. After 12 months, 48.4% of participants were classed as non-responders due to a lack of reduction in BPD symptoms according to the Reliable Change Index (RCI) method. Results At baseline intake, pati...

Research paper thumbnail of Psychological dynamics of outrage against injustice

People can become outraged by what they perceive as injustice, like torture or aggressive war, an... more People can become outraged by what they perceive as injustice, like torture or aggressive war, and sometimes this stimulates social action. Perpetrators of such actions regularly use a number of methods, such as cover-up and reinterpretation, to minimise outrage. The struggle between powerful perpetrators and challengers over reactions to occurrences potentially perceived as unfair can be called the dynamics of outrage. Psychology is a crucial factor in such struggles, but there has been no study of psychological perspectives relevant to outrage dynamics. We survey several psychological theories - Freudian psychoanalysis, just world theory, Bandura's theory of moral disengagement, reactance theory, balance theory and studies of persuasion - that seem relevant to outrage dynamics. These theories, among others, offer insights about why and when people become outraged and about the tactics of devaluation, reinterpretation and use of official channels used by perpetrators to minimise outrage. Insights about the psychology of outrage dynamics can assist activists opposing injustice.

Research paper thumbnail of It\u27s only scary if it\u27s about me or my child: Different responses to emotional appeals targeting asthma awareness

presented at Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, Adelaide, 3-5 Dec 201

Research paper thumbnail of Personal agency and borderline personality disorder: a longitudinal study of outcomes

BMC Psychiatry

Background Low personal agency is the concept of attributing successes and failures to external f... more Background Low personal agency is the concept of attributing successes and failures to external factors rather than personal characteristics. Previous research supported links between low personal agency and symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present research followed patients in an outpatient dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) group from intake to 12 months follow up to examine the impact of personal agency on outcome. Methods Patients (N = 57, age 18–72, 91.5% female) were assessed at intake, after three months of DBT treatment, and 12 months follow up on measures of symptoms and personal agency. Three separate measures were used to assess treatment outcomes: the BPD Checklist, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5). Results Mixed model analyses found BPD symptoms significantly reduced as a result of DBT treatment and were maintained at follow-up. However, 47% of participants continued to meet BPD criteria 12 mon...

Research paper thumbnail of What I say isn\u27t always what I do: investigating differences in children\u27s reported and actual snack food preferences

The current study sought to explore discrepancies between children\u27s stated snack food motivat... more The current study sought to explore discrepancies between children\u27s stated snack food motivations and actual food choices, using the Implicit Association Test (IAT) as a measure of implicit attitudes towards \u27healthy\u27 and \u27unhealthy\u27 foods. Participants were children aged 6-12 years (n=118), from two primary schools on the South Coast of NSW, Australia - a public school in a semi-rural suburb south of a sea-side city and a public school in a largely residential northern suburb of the same city. The children completed a questionnaire about motivations for snack choices, participated in an activity, completed two further questionnaires, selected snack foods from an in-class store, and participated in two rounds of an IAT \u27game\u27 pairing pictures of snack foods with positive and negative words. As hypothesized, the majority of children reported \u27healthiness\u27 as their primary motivator for snack food choice, but when faced with an actual purchase decision pred...

Research paper thumbnail of Characteristics of effective online interventions: implications for adolescents with personality disorder during a global pandemic

Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 2021

In recent years, the necessity of providing online interventions for adolescents, as an alternati... more In recent years, the necessity of providing online interventions for adolescents, as an alternative to face-to-face interventions, has become apparent due to several barriers some adolescents face in accessing treatment. This need has become more critical with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic impacting the delivery of psychotherapy and limiting accessibility of face-to-face therapy. Whilst it has been established that face-to-face psychotherapy for adolescents with personality disorder can be effective in reducing the impact these complex mental illnesses have on functioning, online interventions for adolescents are rare, and to our knowledge there are no empirically validated online interventions for personality disorder. The development of novel online interventions are therefore necessary. To inform the development of online interventions for adolescents with personality disorder or symptoms of emerging personality disorder, a two-phase rapid review was con...

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1 of Narcissistic traits in young people and how experiencing shame relates to current attachment challenges

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Parameters estimates of direct, indirect and total eff... more Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Parameters estimates of direct, indirect and total effects of mediation model. Supplementary Table S2. Parameters estimates of direct, indirect and total effects of mediation model by facets of pathological narcissism traits.

Research paper thumbnail of sj-docx-3-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 – Supplemental material for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy ... more Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review by Jane Woodbridge, Michelle Townsend, Samantha Reis, Saniya Singh and Brin FS Grenyer in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Research paper thumbnail of sj-sav-2-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 – Supplemental material for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Supplemental material, sj-sav-2-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy f... more Supplemental material, sj-sav-2-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review by Jane Woodbridge, Michelle Townsend, Samantha Reis, Saniya Singh and Brin FS Grenyer in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Research paper thumbnail of sj-xlsx-1-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 – Supplemental material for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Supplemental material, sj-xlsx-1-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy ... more Supplemental material, sj-xlsx-1-anp-10.1177_00048674211046893 for Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review by Jane Woodbridge, Michelle Townsend, Samantha Reis, Saniya Singh and Brin FS Grenyer in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Research paper thumbnail of Not just the taste: Why adolescents drink alcopops. Health Educ

Not just the taste: why adolescents drink alcopops Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to dete... more Not just the taste: why adolescents drink alcopops Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the features of alcopops which make them attractive to Australian adolescents, which features are most important in determining choice of ready-to-drinks (RTDs) over other alcoholic drinks, and whether these vary by age and gender. Design/methodology/approach – Mixed methods study. Participants in Study 1 (focus groups) were 72 adolescents aged 12-17 from New South Wales, Australia; four groups each from Sydney (metropolitan area), Wollongong (regional) and Dubbo (rural); and in Study 2 (survey), 1,263 adolescents aged 12-17 recruited through schools, mall intercepts, and online. Findings – The predominant factor influencing preference for alcopops across both genders was taste, followed by alcohol strength and cost, although the association between price and choice was complex. Convenience was an important factor, including ease of carrying and concealing, as was the physical appe...

Research paper thumbnail of Pathological Narcissism and Emotional Responses to Rejection: The Impact of Adult Attachment

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

Background: Aspects of pathological narcissism, such as grandiosity, vulnerability and entitlemen... more Background: Aspects of pathological narcissism, such as grandiosity, vulnerability and entitlement, tend be enacted in therapeutic settings, negatively influencing outcome and alliance between the clients and therapist. This research took an experimental approach to understanding the interplay between the emotional reactions of individuals with a pathological narcissistic presentation, and adult attachment style. We predicted that participants reporting narcissistic vulnerability would report greater insecurity in attachment (fearful and preoccupied styles), greater trait emotional reactivity, and also experience more intense and negative responses to simulated rejectionMethods: 269 participants (75.84% female, median age = 21) completed baseline and rejection trials of a virtual ball-tossing game, following the assessment of grandiose and vulnerable pathological narcissism, entitlement, adult attachment, trait emotional reactivity (measured prior to the rejection) and in-situ affec...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of an evidence-based framework to support knowledge translation within the Australian Dementia Training and Study Program

presented at the National Dementia Research Forum 2014, 19 September 2014, Sydney, Australia

Research paper thumbnail of Changing community attitudes toward greater inclusion of people with disabilities

Community attitudes Recent research supports earlier findings that community attitudes toward inc... more Community attitudes Recent research supports earlier findings that community attitudes toward inclusion of people with disabilities are generally positive, but tend to be paternalistic. When disabilities are perceived as more severe, stigmatising attitudes, anxiety and discomfort are also more likely to emerge. Research identifies more negative attitudes toward individuals with mental illness (particularly schizophrenia) than toward individuals with other intellectual or developmental disabilities, and that people with physical disabilities experience the least stigma. This is hypothesised to be due to common perceptions that people with mental illnesses are unpredictable and potentially dangerous. People with an intellectual disability 12. customising marketing messages according to organisation size, emphasising the benefits pertinent to small, medium and large organisations 13. including the perspectives of other employers when presenting success stories, in order to communicate the benefits of the employment arrangement from the employers' standpoint.

Research paper thumbnail of Workplace bullying in Australia

The ideal Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment strategy should be defined based on the results... more The ideal Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment strategy should be defined based on the results from functional and anatomical examinations according to current guidelines [1]. However, this concept is apparently being overlooked by some centers, where percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is used to treat coronary lesions with ≤50% diameter stenosis, regardless of their functional repercussion [2-8]. Concern about the unnecessary revascularization of the myocardium motivated some cardiologists to develop the concept of functional PCI, where through the measurement of coronary fractional flow reserve (FFR) the therapeutic decision can be made [9].

Research paper thumbnail of Recruitment and Retention of Volunteers

Aims and research questions 4 Key findings 5 Attitudes and participation 5 Use of marketing conce... more Aims and research questions 4 Key findings 5 Attitudes and participation 5 Use of marketing concepts 5 Social marketing campaigns 6 Recommendations 6 Introduction 8 Aims 10 Method 10 Rapid review 10 Search strategy 10 Inclusion and exclusion criteria 11 Report structure 11 1 Attitudes toward and participation in volunteering 13 1.1 Motivations and benefits 13 1.1.1 Episodic volunteering 14 1.1.2 Benefits of volunteering 16 1.2 Facilitators and barriers 16 1.3 Differences between sociodemographic groups 18 1.3.1 Gender 18 1.3.2 Socioeconomic factors 19 1.3.3 Age 20 1.3.4 Cultural background 22 1.3.5 People who are unemployed 23 1.3.6 People with a disability 24 2 Use of marketing concepts for recruiting volunteers 26 2.1 Competition, segmentation and positioning 27 2.1.

Research paper thumbnail of Personal Agency in Borderline Personality Disorder: The Impact of Adult Attachment Style

Frontiers in Psychology, 2021

BackgroundPersonal agency- the degree to which one believes they have control over their life- is... more BackgroundPersonal agency- the degree to which one believes they have control over their life- is thought to influence how people understand their interpersonal relationships. Links between adult attachment and personal agency are theoretically relevant to the experience of borderline personality disorder (BPD) but this has yet to be empirically examined. The present research examines the impact of personal agency and adult attachment styles for individuals meeting criteria for BPD.MethodsParticipants consented to an online community study examining measures of locus of control (as an index of personal agency), BPD, and adult attachment. Participants meeting criteria for BPD (N = 96; mean age = 30.63; 70.5% female) were compared to age-matched healthy controls (N = 96; mean age = M = 31.99; 89.0% female).ResultsIndividuals who met criteria for BPD displayed lower personal agency and higher fearful and preoccupied attachment styles in their close relationships, compared to Controls. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Narcissistic traits in young people and how experiencing shame relates to current attachment challenges

BMC Psychiatry, 2021

Background Young people with pathological narcissistic traits may have more maladaptive ways of r... more Background Young people with pathological narcissistic traits may have more maladaptive ways of relating to themselves and others. In this study, we investigated how the experience of shame may be a mechanism by which vulnerable and grandiose pathological narcissism relates to negative and positive internalised models of the self and others, manifested as attachment styles. Methods Participants (N = 348) were young people who reported on pathological narcissism, the experience of shame and their model of self and others (secure, dismissive, preoccupied and fearful attachment). Mediation of the experience of shame between vulnerable and grandiose narcissism on the one hand and secure, dismissive, preoccupied and fearful attachment on the other hand, was tested using a path model. Results Shame mediated the relationship between vulnerable narcissism and a more negative model of others and self (i.e. less secure, more fearful and more preoccupied in attachment). Higher grandiose narcis...

Research paper thumbnail of Non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A systematic review

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2021

Highlight: This is the first systematic review to investigate non-response to psychotherapy for b... more Highlight: This is the first systematic review to investigate non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Background: Psychotherapy is the recommended treatment for borderline personality disorder. While systematic reviews have demonstrated the effectiveness of psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder, effect sizes remain small and influenced by bias. Furthermore, the proportion of people who do not respond to treatment is seldom reported or analysed. Objective: To obtain an informed estimate of the proportion of people who do not respond to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Methods: Systematic searches of five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library, occurred in November 2020. Inclusion criteria: participants diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, treated with psychotherapy and data reporting either (a) the proportion of the sample that experienced ‘reliable change’ or (b) the percentage ...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Relationships Between Eating Disorders and Mental Health in Women Attending Residential Substance Use Treatment

Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 2019

Objective: Objective: Comorbid eating disorders (EDs) and ED symptoms are highly prevalent among ... more Objective: Objective: Comorbid eating disorders (EDs) and ED symptoms are highly prevalent among women with substance use disorders and may be a barrier to recovery. Higher rates of psychiatric illness are common when more than one disorder is present. Yet little is known about the rates and risk factors for EDs/ED symptoms in women attending treatment centers in Australia. The primary aim is to examine the prevalence of ED symptoms among women attending treatment centers. This study also examines past physical and sexual abuse and mental health as specific predictors of EDs/ED symptoms. Methods: Methods: Participants were 1,444 women attending residential treatment for substance use issues provided by the Salvation Army in Australia. Measures included the Addiction Severity Index, the Eating Disorder Screen for Primary Care, medication use, hospitalization, mental health, and past abuse. Results: Results: Alcohol was the primary substance of concern for 53.3% of the women, followed by amphetamines (17.5%), and the mean age was 37.83 years (SD = 10.8). Nearly 60% of women screened positive for ED symptoms and 32% reported a previous or current ED. Women with a history of sexual abuse had significantly greater odds (1.96) of positive screening for an ED compared to those without a history of sexual abuse. Similarly, compared to women without a history of physical abuse, those who did have a history had significantly higher odds (1.59) of a positive screen for an ED. These women were also significantly more likely to have had a health care provider recommend they take medications for psychological or emotional problems in the past 30 days, χ2(1) = 8.42, p = .004, and during their lifetime, χ2(1) = 17.89, p < .001. They also had a significantly greater number of overnight hospitalizations for medical problems compared to those who screened negative, t(137) = −2.19, p = .03. Conclusions: Conclusions: Women with comorbid substance use issues and EDs are highly likely to have a history of past abuse. This combination of comorbidities makes treatment and recovery difficult. Increased awareness and research are required to explore integrated approaches to treatment that accommodate these vulnerabilities and improve long-term outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of Searching in the dark: Shining a light on some predictors of non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder

PLOS ONE

Background Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a prevalent and serious mental health conditi... more Background Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a prevalent and serious mental health condition. People can experience recovery or remission after receiving psychotherapy for BPD; however, it is estimated that about 45% of people in well conducted treatment trials do not respond adequately to current psychological treatments. Aim To further advance psychotherapies for BPD by identifying the factors that contribute to the problem of non-response. Method 184 consecutive participants with BPD in community treatment were naturalistically followed up over 12 months and measures of personality and social functioning were examined. Logistic regressions were used to determine which baseline factors were associated with the likelihood of being a non-responder after 12 months of psychotherapy. After 12 months, 48.4% of participants were classed as non-responders due to a lack of reduction in BPD symptoms according to the Reliable Change Index (RCI) method. Results At baseline intake, pati...

Research paper thumbnail of Psychological Dynamics of Outrage Against Injustice

People can become outraged by what they perceive as injustice, like torture or aggressive war, an... more People can become outraged by what they perceive as injustice, like torture or aggressive war, and sometimes this stimulates social action. Perpetrators of such actions regularly use a number of methods, such as cover-up and reinterpretation, to minimise outrage. The struggle between powerful perpetrators and challengers over reactions to occurrences potentially perceived as unfair can be called the dynamics of outrage. Psychology is a crucial factor in such struggles, but there has been no study of psychological perspectives relevant to outrage dynamics. We survey several psychological theories - Freudian psychoanalysis, just world theory, Bandura's theory of moral disengagement, reactance theory, balance theory and studies of persuasion - that seem relevant to outrage dynamics. These theories, among others, offer insights about why and when people become outraged and about the tactics of devaluation, reinterpretation and use of official channels used by perpetrators to minimis...