Sameep Garg - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sameep Garg

Research paper thumbnail of This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Published by Pacific Group of e-Journals (PaGe) Primary Epithelioid Sarcoma of Forearm with

Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimic... more Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimics a benign granulomatous lesion clinically and cytologically, leading to misdiagnosis. This is typically present as a subcutaneous or deep dermal mass in distal portions of the extremities with strong propensity for local recurrence and metastasis. Cytologically it is very challenging to diagnose epithelioid sarcoma as it may mimics synovial sarcoma, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and epithelioid angiosarcoma. In this report we are describing the cytological features of epithelioid sarcoma with emphasizing on fine needle aspiration cytology as the first line of investigation.

Research paper thumbnail of Association of smoking, p53 and Ki-67 immunomarkers with bladder neoplasms in tribal region of India

International journal of health sciences, Dec 8, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Establishing the role of serum cardiac markers in diagnosis of acute chest pain(A Study of 200 cases)

Introduction:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to be a major health problem in industri... more Introduction:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to be a major health problem in industrialized and developing countries like India despite progressive research in diagnostic and management over last three decades. AMI has typically been diagnosed on the basis of triad of clinical syndromes of chest pain, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes and elevated serum enzyme activity. Due to high cardiac specificity of ckmb, cTnI, these biomarkers have become the recommended biomarkers for the diagnosis of myocardial injury. Aims: To study changes in serum cardiac markers and determine the sensitivity and specificity of Highly sensitive Troponin I, CK-MB and LDH. Material and Methods: It was undertaken from November-2015 to December-2016 during which 200 patients were studied. All the patients having complaint of acute chest pain admitted in the emergency wards are included. Serum level of cardiac Troponin I was determined by using vidashigh sensitive troponin i (human cardiac specific) enzyme immunoassay kit, CK-MB was determined by the vitros 250 fully automated biochemistry analyser, serum level of LDH was determined by ldh-(p-l) reagent kit (kinatic procedure). Result: In present study, out of 200 patients who admitted for complaining of acute chest pain, 110 patients actually diagnosed to have acute myocardial infarction. Sensitivity and specificity of hs Troponin I for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was 100%. CK-MB was 89.1% and 88.8% and LDH was 65.4% and 60% respectively. Conclusion: Among the cardiac markers studied hs Troponin I is the most specific and sensitive for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. As CK-MB levels become normal within 2-3 days, it is helpful in diagnosis of reinfarction.

Research paper thumbnail of Study to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in patients of breast carcinoma below 35 years of age (a study of 200 cases)

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women in most developed ... more Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women in most developed and developing regions of the world. In India, breast cancer is the second most common cancer (after cervical cancer). Breast cancer at young age has been reported to have a more aggressive behavior and unfavorable prognosis compared to the older patients. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate prognosis through pathological tumour size, histological grade, mitotic index, lymph node status, distant metastasis and oestrogen & progesterone receptor positivity in young patients ≤ 35 years. Material and Methods: This prospective study was carried out for a period of three years from June 2015 to May 2018. Total of 200 cases of breast carcinoma were studied, out of them patients with ≤35 years were considered as case group and above 35 years of age as control group. Results: Total of 200 cases of breast carcinoma was reported in various age groups in histopathology. Total cases in age group ≤35 years were 28 out of total 200 cases. In age group ≤35 years out of 28 cases, 09 cases showed positive family history, 22 cases showed lymph node metastasis, most common stage of breast carcinoma was stage III, most common histological grade was Grade III and 15 cases were negative for markers ER/PR. Conclusion: Breast cancer is uncommon in young women but it co-relates with a less favorable prognosis. Tumors in younger patients had higher co-morbidity and better screening procedures should be used even in females younger than 35 years of age.

Research paper thumbnail of Primary Epithelioid Sarcoma of Forearm with Axillary Lymphnode Metastasis: A Rare case report

Annals of Applied Bio-Sciences, 2015

Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimic... more Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimics a benign granulomatous lesion clinically and cytologically, leading to misdiagnosis. This is typically present as a subcutaneous or deep dermal mass in distal portions of the extremities with strong propensity for local recurrence and metastasis. Cytologically it is very challenging to diagnose epithelioid sarcoma as it may mimics synovial sarcoma, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and epithelioid angiosarcoma. In this report we are describing the cytological features of epithelioid sarcoma with emphasizing on FNAC as the first line of investigation.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of ca 19-9 as a tumor marker in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (A study of 46 cases)

International Journal of Medical Research and Review

Introduction: Ca19-9 is currently the single most useful tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis... more Introduction: Ca19-9 is currently the single most useful tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Aim: The aim is to elucidate the importance of tumor marker ca 19-9 as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangio-carcinoma. Material and Methods: The time period of the study was from september-2012 to september-2014. The patients were investigated pre-operatively and post operatively for ca 19-9 levels in their serum with the use of ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbant assay) test. Results: Total 28 cases of pancreatic lesions were considered which included 24 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, It was observed that when preoperative serum CA 19-9 level was less than 37 u/ml median survival was 28 months. However when CA 19-9 level was more than 200 u/ml, median survival was 6 months. Out of 18 cases studied in gallbladder tumors, 15 cases were of cholangiocarcinoma. Patients with pre-therapy serum CA 19-9 level was between 37-200 u/ml median survival was 23.25 months. When CA 19-9 level was more than 200 u/ml, median survival was 10.25 months. Conclusion: Elevated level of ca 19-9 in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma are associated with higher age group, male sex, higher histological grade, higher TNM staging and metastasis. Post operative ca 19-9 value has definitive prognostic value to detect any metastasis or recurrence in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangio-carcinoma. Therefore it can be concluded that ca 19-9 is an important tumor marker for pancreatic carcninoma and cholangio-carcinoma.

Research paper thumbnail of To Establish Bethesda System for Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules on the Basis of F NAC with Histopathological Correlation

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2015

In October 2007, "The National Cancer Institute (NCI), Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration St... more In October 2007, "The National Cancer Institute (NCI), Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference" was held in Bethesda, Maryland hosted by the NCI with the intention of formulating internationally acceptable guidelines for reporting of thyroid cytopathology. This was because, thyroid FNAC have a reporting confusion due to multiplicity of category terminologies. To overcome this, The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was introduced for unifying the terminology and morphologic criteria along with the corresponding risk of malignancy. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology represents a major step towards standardization, reproducibility, improved clinical significance, and greater predictive value of thyroid fine needle aspirates (FNAs). The aim of this study was to elucidate the diagnostic utility of the Bethesda system in reporting thyroid FNAs and to assess the effectiveness of FNAC in the evaluation of thyroid nodules by comparing the results with histopathological evaluation. The present study was carried out in our institute during the July 2012 to September 2014. In this study, 100 FNACs done which were classified according to the Bethesda system and out of them, 60 histopathological evaluations obtained from this group were evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were evaluated. Out of 100 FNACs, 06% were Non-diagnostic, 78% were Benign, 04% were Atypical follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AFLUS), 04% were suspicious for Follicular neoplasm (SFN), 01% were suspicious for Follicular neoplasm Hurthle cell type, 03% were suspicious for malignancy (SM), and 04% malignant. In 60 cases, data of follow-up histopathologic examination (HPE) were available. The sensitivity was 88.89% and specificity was 84.31%. The positive and negative predictive value were 50% and 97.7%, respectively. The Bethesda system is very useful for a standardized system of reporting thyroid cytopathology, improving communication between cytopathologists and clinicians, and inter-laboratory agreement, leading to more consistent management approaches. An additional point which is in favor of the implementation of this system is that the classification is directly related to the risk of malignancy in each category, which in turn, prompts the recommended clinical management of that category, thus truly embodying the clinico-pathological correlation in its true spirit. The correlation of FNAC with histopathology is necessary before starting treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of pap smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopatholgiocal report in a group of patient attending in a tertiary hospital

Journal of Dhaka Medical College, 2013

Objective: To correlate Pap’s smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopathological repo... more Objective: To correlate Pap’s smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopathological report of abnormal area of cervix in a group of patient attending a tertiary hospital. Methods: It was a cross-sectional prospective study done in one year period from January to December 2007 in Colposcopy Clinic of Institute of Child and Maternal Health (ICMH) Hospital, Dhaka. The study carried out including fifty two female patients having clinically unhealthy cervices as in the form of hypertrophy, erosion, congestion or bleeds on touch or having positive pap smear found during P/V or P/S examination, attending gynaecology out patient department of ICMH Hospital after fulfilling all the inclusion criteria. Result: The present study showed a correlation between cervical cytology and colposcopically directed biopsy, the correlation was accurate within one grade in 39 of 51 cases (76.16%) (as cytology was not done in one case). Other studies showed cytologic accuracy (within one level of hi...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison Between Gel Card and Conventional Direct Coombs Test for Diagnosis of Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of CA 19-9 as Tumour Marker in Pancreatic, Hepatobiliary and Other Gastrointestinal Cancers

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH

Introduction: The CA 19-9 antigen isolated by Koprowski and colleagues in 1979 is a lacto-N-fucop... more Introduction: The CA 19-9 antigen isolated by Koprowski and colleagues in 1979 is a lacto-N-fucopentaose II-like substance and one of the tumour-associated antigens present in serum in the mucin fraction. Close attention has been paid to the role CA 19-9 in the diagnosis of digestive tract tumours. In this study, serum analysis of CA 19-9 levels in 91 patients with gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic carcinoma was done. These data was used to evaluate the clinicians with adequate information on use of CA 19-9 as tumour marker- both diagnostic and prognostic. Aim: To study the role of tumour marker, CA 19-9 as a diagnostic and prognostic tool, and also to monitor the response of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer to treatment. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 91 cases of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic carcinomas conducted in tertiary care hospital associated with medical college in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India wer...

Research paper thumbnail of This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Published by Pacific Group of e-Journals (PaGe) Primary Epithelioid Sarcoma of Forearm with

Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimic... more Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimics a benign granulomatous lesion clinically and cytologically, leading to misdiagnosis. This is typically present as a subcutaneous or deep dermal mass in distal portions of the extremities with strong propensity for local recurrence and metastasis. Cytologically it is very challenging to diagnose epithelioid sarcoma as it may mimics synovial sarcoma, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and epithelioid angiosarcoma. In this report we are describing the cytological features of epithelioid sarcoma with emphasizing on fine needle aspiration cytology as the first line of investigation.

Research paper thumbnail of Association of smoking, p53 and Ki-67 immunomarkers with bladder neoplasms in tribal region of India

International journal of health sciences, Dec 8, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Establishing the role of serum cardiac markers in diagnosis of acute chest pain(A Study of 200 cases)

Introduction:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to be a major health problem in industri... more Introduction:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to be a major health problem in industrialized and developing countries like India despite progressive research in diagnostic and management over last three decades. AMI has typically been diagnosed on the basis of triad of clinical syndromes of chest pain, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes and elevated serum enzyme activity. Due to high cardiac specificity of ckmb, cTnI, these biomarkers have become the recommended biomarkers for the diagnosis of myocardial injury. Aims: To study changes in serum cardiac markers and determine the sensitivity and specificity of Highly sensitive Troponin I, CK-MB and LDH. Material and Methods: It was undertaken from November-2015 to December-2016 during which 200 patients were studied. All the patients having complaint of acute chest pain admitted in the emergency wards are included. Serum level of cardiac Troponin I was determined by using vidashigh sensitive troponin i (human cardiac specific) enzyme immunoassay kit, CK-MB was determined by the vitros 250 fully automated biochemistry analyser, serum level of LDH was determined by ldh-(p-l) reagent kit (kinatic procedure). Result: In present study, out of 200 patients who admitted for complaining of acute chest pain, 110 patients actually diagnosed to have acute myocardial infarction. Sensitivity and specificity of hs Troponin I for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was 100%. CK-MB was 89.1% and 88.8% and LDH was 65.4% and 60% respectively. Conclusion: Among the cardiac markers studied hs Troponin I is the most specific and sensitive for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. As CK-MB levels become normal within 2-3 days, it is helpful in diagnosis of reinfarction.

Research paper thumbnail of Study to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in patients of breast carcinoma below 35 years of age (a study of 200 cases)

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women in most developed ... more Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women in most developed and developing regions of the world. In India, breast cancer is the second most common cancer (after cervical cancer). Breast cancer at young age has been reported to have a more aggressive behavior and unfavorable prognosis compared to the older patients. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate prognosis through pathological tumour size, histological grade, mitotic index, lymph node status, distant metastasis and oestrogen & progesterone receptor positivity in young patients ≤ 35 years. Material and Methods: This prospective study was carried out for a period of three years from June 2015 to May 2018. Total of 200 cases of breast carcinoma were studied, out of them patients with ≤35 years were considered as case group and above 35 years of age as control group. Results: Total of 200 cases of breast carcinoma was reported in various age groups in histopathology. Total cases in age group ≤35 years were 28 out of total 200 cases. In age group ≤35 years out of 28 cases, 09 cases showed positive family history, 22 cases showed lymph node metastasis, most common stage of breast carcinoma was stage III, most common histological grade was Grade III and 15 cases were negative for markers ER/PR. Conclusion: Breast cancer is uncommon in young women but it co-relates with a less favorable prognosis. Tumors in younger patients had higher co-morbidity and better screening procedures should be used even in females younger than 35 years of age.

Research paper thumbnail of Primary Epithelioid Sarcoma of Forearm with Axillary Lymphnode Metastasis: A Rare case report

Annals of Applied Bio-Sciences, 2015

Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimic... more Primary epithelioid sarcoma is a rare, slow growing malignant mesenchymal tumour, which may mimics a benign granulomatous lesion clinically and cytologically, leading to misdiagnosis. This is typically present as a subcutaneous or deep dermal mass in distal portions of the extremities with strong propensity for local recurrence and metastasis. Cytologically it is very challenging to diagnose epithelioid sarcoma as it may mimics synovial sarcoma, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and epithelioid angiosarcoma. In this report we are describing the cytological features of epithelioid sarcoma with emphasizing on FNAC as the first line of investigation.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of ca 19-9 as a tumor marker in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (A study of 46 cases)

International Journal of Medical Research and Review

Introduction: Ca19-9 is currently the single most useful tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis... more Introduction: Ca19-9 is currently the single most useful tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Aim: The aim is to elucidate the importance of tumor marker ca 19-9 as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangio-carcinoma. Material and Methods: The time period of the study was from september-2012 to september-2014. The patients were investigated pre-operatively and post operatively for ca 19-9 levels in their serum with the use of ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbant assay) test. Results: Total 28 cases of pancreatic lesions were considered which included 24 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, It was observed that when preoperative serum CA 19-9 level was less than 37 u/ml median survival was 28 months. However when CA 19-9 level was more than 200 u/ml, median survival was 6 months. Out of 18 cases studied in gallbladder tumors, 15 cases were of cholangiocarcinoma. Patients with pre-therapy serum CA 19-9 level was between 37-200 u/ml median survival was 23.25 months. When CA 19-9 level was more than 200 u/ml, median survival was 10.25 months. Conclusion: Elevated level of ca 19-9 in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma are associated with higher age group, male sex, higher histological grade, higher TNM staging and metastasis. Post operative ca 19-9 value has definitive prognostic value to detect any metastasis or recurrence in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangio-carcinoma. Therefore it can be concluded that ca 19-9 is an important tumor marker for pancreatic carcninoma and cholangio-carcinoma.

Research paper thumbnail of To Establish Bethesda System for Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules on the Basis of F NAC with Histopathological Correlation

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2015

In October 2007, "The National Cancer Institute (NCI), Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration St... more In October 2007, "The National Cancer Institute (NCI), Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference" was held in Bethesda, Maryland hosted by the NCI with the intention of formulating internationally acceptable guidelines for reporting of thyroid cytopathology. This was because, thyroid FNAC have a reporting confusion due to multiplicity of category terminologies. To overcome this, The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was introduced for unifying the terminology and morphologic criteria along with the corresponding risk of malignancy. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology represents a major step towards standardization, reproducibility, improved clinical significance, and greater predictive value of thyroid fine needle aspirates (FNAs). The aim of this study was to elucidate the diagnostic utility of the Bethesda system in reporting thyroid FNAs and to assess the effectiveness of FNAC in the evaluation of thyroid nodules by comparing the results with histopathological evaluation. The present study was carried out in our institute during the July 2012 to September 2014. In this study, 100 FNACs done which were classified according to the Bethesda system and out of them, 60 histopathological evaluations obtained from this group were evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were evaluated. Out of 100 FNACs, 06% were Non-diagnostic, 78% were Benign, 04% were Atypical follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AFLUS), 04% were suspicious for Follicular neoplasm (SFN), 01% were suspicious for Follicular neoplasm Hurthle cell type, 03% were suspicious for malignancy (SM), and 04% malignant. In 60 cases, data of follow-up histopathologic examination (HPE) were available. The sensitivity was 88.89% and specificity was 84.31%. The positive and negative predictive value were 50% and 97.7%, respectively. The Bethesda system is very useful for a standardized system of reporting thyroid cytopathology, improving communication between cytopathologists and clinicians, and inter-laboratory agreement, leading to more consistent management approaches. An additional point which is in favor of the implementation of this system is that the classification is directly related to the risk of malignancy in each category, which in turn, prompts the recommended clinical management of that category, thus truly embodying the clinico-pathological correlation in its true spirit. The correlation of FNAC with histopathology is necessary before starting treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of pap smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopatholgiocal report in a group of patient attending in a tertiary hospital

Journal of Dhaka Medical College, 2013

Objective: To correlate Pap’s smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopathological repo... more Objective: To correlate Pap’s smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopathological report of abnormal area of cervix in a group of patient attending a tertiary hospital. Methods: It was a cross-sectional prospective study done in one year period from January to December 2007 in Colposcopy Clinic of Institute of Child and Maternal Health (ICMH) Hospital, Dhaka. The study carried out including fifty two female patients having clinically unhealthy cervices as in the form of hypertrophy, erosion, congestion or bleeds on touch or having positive pap smear found during P/V or P/S examination, attending gynaecology out patient department of ICMH Hospital after fulfilling all the inclusion criteria. Result: The present study showed a correlation between cervical cytology and colposcopically directed biopsy, the correlation was accurate within one grade in 39 of 51 cases (76.16%) (as cytology was not done in one case). Other studies showed cytologic accuracy (within one level of hi...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison Between Gel Card and Conventional Direct Coombs Test for Diagnosis of Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of CA 19-9 as Tumour Marker in Pancreatic, Hepatobiliary and Other Gastrointestinal Cancers

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH

Introduction: The CA 19-9 antigen isolated by Koprowski and colleagues in 1979 is a lacto-N-fucop... more Introduction: The CA 19-9 antigen isolated by Koprowski and colleagues in 1979 is a lacto-N-fucopentaose II-like substance and one of the tumour-associated antigens present in serum in the mucin fraction. Close attention has been paid to the role CA 19-9 in the diagnosis of digestive tract tumours. In this study, serum analysis of CA 19-9 levels in 91 patients with gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic carcinoma was done. These data was used to evaluate the clinicians with adequate information on use of CA 19-9 as tumour marker- both diagnostic and prognostic. Aim: To study the role of tumour marker, CA 19-9 as a diagnostic and prognostic tool, and also to monitor the response of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer to treatment. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 91 cases of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic carcinomas conducted in tertiary care hospital associated with medical college in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India wer...