Samuel Hodge - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Samuel Hodge

Journal of physical education and sport, Jan 31, 2017

Disability and Health Journal, Oct 1, 2017

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, Jul 3, 2018

ABSTRACT SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators has targeted youth physical act... more ABSTRACT SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators has targeted youth physical activity (PA) as 1 of its 4 goals within the 50 Million StrongTM campaign. Only 27.1% of youth met the target of all students (preK–12) participating in at least 60 min of PA that increases their heart rate enough to breathe hard at least some of the time for 7 days/week. Thus, improvements for child and adolescent engagement in PA need to be made now through 2029 and beyond. The need for these improvements warrants research related to PA and youth. We present a plethora of research questions within 3 general areas: PA and school PA programs, PA and sedentary behavior measurement, and PA and social justice imperatives. Each question is framed within the social-ecological framework levels of learning, opportunity, policy, and population health.

Childhood obesity, Dec 1, 2011

Multicultural learning and teaching, Jul 12, 2011

The purpose of this study was to describe the meaning doctoral candidates ascribed to their persi... more The purpose of this study was to describe the meaning doctoral candidates ascribed to their persistence in doctoral programs despite challenges they experienced impeding a timely completion of their dissertations. Participants were six doctoral candidates (four women, two men) who had not yet completed a dissertation research proposal. This phenomenological study was situated in the theoretical framework of legitimate peripheral participation (Herzig, 2002) and a model of doctoral persistence (Tinto, 1993). The data sources were a demographic questionnaire and interviews (Seidman, 1998). Using thematic content analysis (Boyatzis, 1998) the following recurrent themes emerged: (a) community lacking, which exposes a lack of perceived sense of community in the candidates' academic programs; (b) inert relationships, which exposes a lack of meaningful relationships with academic advisors; and (c) loss of momentum in completing their dissertations. The findings highlight the need for programmatic initiatives that enhance future doctoral preparation.

Routledge eBooks, Feb 25, 2021

Journal of Physical Activity and Health, Aug 1, 2014

Background:There is limited evidence on physical activity patterns among Hispanic adolescents in ... more Background:There is limited evidence on physical activity patterns among Hispanic adolescents in Puerto Rico. This restricts opportunities to implement effective interventions and policies to increase physical activity in schools. The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity behaviors of adolescents attending middle and high schools in Puerto Rico based on a compendium of moderate to vigorous physical activities including walking, jogging or running, bicycling, sports and more. A secondary purpose was to examine group differences as a function of gender and school level.Method:A cross-sectional survey research design was used. Students (N = 637) attending public middle and high schools completed a Visual 7-Day Physical Activity Recall survey. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to describe the sample and to determine group differences.Results:Puerto Rican adolescents’ levels of physical activity decreased throughout the week. Only a small proportion of them reached at least 60 minutes everyday of the week. Differences were found between middle and high school students’ daily and weekly participation in physical activities.Conclusions:Most adolescents do not engage in sufficient physical activity.Implications:Implications of the results are discussed and recommendations are articulated for policy makers, educators, and other professionals.

Research, Society and Development

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze physical activity, sedentary activity, and ... more The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze physical activity, sedentary activity, and dietary behaviors of preadolescents in Puerto Rico. A secondary purpose was to examine perceived stress and the weight status of the Puerto Rican preadolescents. Participants were 107 pre-teenagers (ages 6 to 11 years old) attending public elementary schools in Puerto Rico. Using a descriptive cross-sectional survey study design, we collected data on participants’ physical activity, sedentary activity, dietary behaviors, and perceived stress. We also measured participants’ height and weight, and calculated body mass indices. MINITAB descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used in analyzing the data. Results indicate that, on average, the participants partook in physical activities for less than 10 minutes each day, but regularly participated in sedentary activities. Their food behaviors varied. ANOVA tests revealed they were not significantly different in height and weight as ...

Special Education for Young Learners with Disabilities, 2019

Abstract This chapter is structured for teaching young learners with other health impairments in ... more Abstract This chapter is structured for teaching young learners with other health impairments in special education. Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA, 2004), other health impairments represent chronic or acute health problems such as asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, and sickle cell anemia and adversely affect a child’s educational performance. The chapter is organized around definitions, prevalence, etiologies, intervention strategies, and teaching considerations for selected disabling conditions in this disability category.

Disability and Rehabilitation, 2019

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 1999

Attitude change of physical education majors was studied in relation to number of weeks in an int... more Attitude change of physical education majors was studied in relation to number of weeks in an introductory adapted physical education (APE) course and type of practicum location (on- or off-campus). Data were collected using the Physical Educators’ Attitude Toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities-III (PEATID-III) (Rizzo, 1993b) and a practicum information questionnaire (PIQ). Participants completing the PEATID-III during Weeks 1, 10, and 15 of their course were 292 males and 182 females in 22 institutions of higher education (IHEs) representing 17 states. Participants completing the PIQ were 17 faculty members. A nonequivalent comparison group, pretest-posttest experimental design was used with factorial ANOVA, post-hoc measures, ANCOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Findings indicated that off- and on-campus practicum both promoted positive attitude change between Weeks 1 and 10 and Weeks 1 and 15. On-campus practicum experiences improved attitudes significantly more than off-cam...

Kinesiology Review, 2013

This article is divided into two major sections. First, the authors provided interpretations and ... more This article is divided into two major sections. First, the authors provided interpretations and conclusions about enhancing diversity in kinesiology based on the collection of articles for this Special Theme of the Kinesiology Review. There are six informative articles for this Special Theme on Diversity in Kinesiology that include Why We Should Care about Diversity in Kinesiology by Brooks, Harrison Jr., Norris, and Norwood; Diversity in Kinesiology: Theoretical and Contemporary Considerations by Hodge and Corbett; Creating an Inclusive Culture and Climate that Supports Excellence in Kinesiology by Lowrie and Robinson; Undergraduate Preparedness and Partnerships to Enhance Diversity in Kinesiology by Gregory-Bass, Williams, Blount, and Peters; Creating a Climate of Organizational Diversity—Models of Best Practice by Keith and Russell; and this final article. Second, we identify strategies and provided recommendations to increase the presence and improve the experiences of Black an...

Exploring the Social and Academic Experiences of International Students in Higher Education Institutions

The authors identify and discuss current issues and concerns of Asian international graduate stud... more The authors identify and discuss current issues and concerns of Asian international graduate students about their academic and social experiences in American higher education. International graduate students from countries outside of the U.S. are an important constituency for research institutions in America due to the added cultural richness they bring to the academy. However, many Asian international graduate students in U.S. encounter difficulty when attempting to acculturate and may have difficulty adjusting to their environment. This chapter includes discourse on academic and social challenges, time management difficulties, dueling agendas, and socioeconomic struggles. Important also, this chapter offers recommendations for Asian international students on American college and university campuses. Lastly to better support Asian international doctoral students, this chapter encourages academic departments, administrators, faculty, and all graduate students to learn to view themse...

Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 2019

Background: Formal and informal professional development has played a central role in teachers’ g... more Background: Formal and informal professional development has played a central role in teachers’ growth in Japan for many decades [Collinson, V., and Y. Ono. 2001. “The Professional Development of Teachers in the United States and Japan.” European Journal of Teacher Education 24 (2): 223–248]. This is especially true for elementary school teachers, who are not licensed in a specific subject area. In Japan, teachers are trained for each school level separately, including kindergarten, elementary, secondary schools, and special needs education [Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science, and Technology [MEXT]. 2018. “Principles Guide Japan’s Educational System.” Accessed August 6, 2018. http://www.mext.go.jp/en/policy/education/overview/index.htm.]. The lack of in-depth subject-specific training is a challenge for elementary school teachers, who are responsible for teaching all subject areas. For many decades, school districts have used a lesson study approach. In Japan, lesson stu...

Journal of International Students, 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the views of exchange students from Asia ab... more The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the views of exchange students from Asia about their academic and social experiences at an American university. The participants were eight exchange students from Japan (four men and four women). This study was descriptive-qualitative (Patton, 2002). The data sources were a demographic survey and two semi-structured interviews conducted during the participants’ study abroad sojourn. The interview data were analyzed using the constant comparative method (Merriam, 1998). The emergent themes were (a) social distance contributes to academic struggles, (b) collectivism positioned against individualism, (c) isolation in group discussions, and (d) professors’ negativity. We include recommendations aimed at improving international students’ academic and social experiences at American universities.

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 2003

This phenomenological qualitative study explored the meaning of practicum experiences for physica... more This phenomenological qualitative study explored the meaning of practicum experiences for physical education teacher education (PETE) students. Participants were 10 PETE students majoring in teaching and enrolled in an introductory adapted physical education course with an inclusion-based practicum requirement. Data were collected from participants’ self-reflective journals and analyzed using thematic analysis procedures (Giorgi, 1985). Eleven themes emerged that reflected the meaning of practicum experiences for these students. Our findings suggest that journaling provides a medium for PETE students to identify issues, address problems, and think critically about best practices.

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 2007

The purpose of this study was to determine what trends exist in the identification and descriptio... more The purpose of this study was to determine what trends exist in the identification and description of participants used in data-based studies published in Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly and the Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Data were analyzed using frequency counts for journals and time periods from the 1980s to 2005 with chi-square tests on gender, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Results indicate, for example, that across the time span both journals published articles reporting males first over females, X2 (3) = 22.16, p < .001. Trend data also reveal that even today most data-based studies in these journals fail to report race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Findings are discussed with guiding principles for future research.

Educational Foundations, 2008