Samuel Kimani - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Samuel Kimani

Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 2017

Introduction : Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of admissions in hospita... more Introduction : Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of admissions in hospitals globally. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.TBI is a neurosurgical emergency and timely intervention is critical to favorable outcome. Study objective : To determine the injury characteristics among traumatic brain injury patients on admission at a national teaching and referral hospital in Kenya Methodology : A descriptive cross-sectional design was used for this study, with purposive sampling method being adopted. Data was collected from 91 patients with traumatic brain injuries by use of a check list. Results: The results showed that majority of the patients had severe head injury (n=79). There was a significant relationship between age above 40 years, low GCS and severity of brain injury (P= 0.042). There was no significant relationship between severity of brain injury and patients’ gender, marital status and level of education. However occupation yielded a...

University of Nairobi, 2014

Additional file 2. In depth interview guide for mothers, female guardians (Medicalization/shifts ... more Additional file 2. In depth interview guide for mothers, female guardians (Medicalization/shifts in FGM/C).

A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Ph... more A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Nairobi. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AAA All amino acid AMPA α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-Isoxazolepropionic acid; Class of glutamate receptor mediating fast excitatory CNS transmission CAA Carbamoyl-amino acids CAE Correct arm entries CDC Cyanide detoxification capabilities CN Cyanide CNS Central nervous system CROET DEFINITION OF TERMS Biomarkers: a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes (disease, infection, environmental exposure) , or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention Carbamoylation: a nonenzymatic posttranslational protein modification mediated by cyanate a cyanogenic analog. Carbamoylation reactions alters the structure, charge and functional properties of certain proteins and have been implicated directly in the underlying mechanisms of various diseases namely neurodegenerative conditions, atherosclerosis and inflammation. Cognition: a Set of all mental abilities and processes related to learning, memory, attention, judgment, evaluation, reasoning, problem solving, decision making and comprehension. In this study, working, long-term and reference memory were evaluated as evidence for cognition Cyanide detoxification capability (rate): the number of milliseconds required to produce one µmol of thiocyanate per mg of protein (ms/(µmol/mg) in the tested sample. Cyanogenesis: the ability of a plant to synthesize cyanogenic glycosides which liberate hydrogen cyanide upon hydrolysis. Konzo: is a non progressive, permanent upper motor neuron disease which occurs in an epidemic pattern among population that staple on cassava in Sub-Saharan Africa (WHO, 1996). Long term Memory: information that is useful in all exposures to the radial arm navigation task across all the days of testing

Journal of The American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 2011

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 2020

Conclusions: Migrant women with FGM, who are known to be at risk of long term urogynecological, s... more Conclusions: Migrant women with FGM, who are known to be at risk of long term urogynecological, sexual and obstetric negative consequences, seem also to have a significant high prevalence of cervical dysplasia HSIL. 10. Health care provider competencies caring for FGCaffected populations − A conceptual map Christina Fleming Background: Women and girls affected by FGC have health care needs that are related to their FGC-status. Health care provider knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) for the care of women and girls affected by FGC vary widely both between and within countries. There is currently a lack of evidence-based training interventions to improve health care provider KAP.

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 2019

Background: Iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) programme is a key global intervention for... more Background: Iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) programme is a key global intervention for control of anaemia in pregnancy. Due to persistently high anaemia rates during pregnancy, Kenya, adopted IFAS programme in 2010 as a high impact nutrition interventions to control anaemia in pregnancy. Despite free provision of IFAS tablets, compliance has remained low over the years. Studies have associated high maternal knowledge with higher supplement use. Objective: To determine maternal IFAS knowledge and associated factors, including socio-demographic characteristics, source of IFAS information and their relationship with IFAS knowledge, among pregnant women in Kiambu County. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 364 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. Using two stage sampling, one sub-County was selected and five public health facilities. A pre-tested structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, source of IFAS information and maternal IFAS knowledge was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using STATA. Results: Of 364 respondents interviewed, although 67.3% had heard of IFAS, 40.9% (149) scored highly on IFAS knowledge. Despite health care providers (63%) being most reported source of information, highest level of knowledge was among women who obtained information from brochures (91%) and community health workers (CHWs) (87%). Women aged ≥30 years, married, multiparous and earning ≥USD 100 were most likely (p ≤ 0.05) to score high. Conclusions: Maternal IFAS knowledge was fair and was associated with maternal age, marital status, parity, employment, monthly income, availability of brochures and support from CHWs. Strengthening provision of IFAS learning materials and enhancing CHWs involvement is recommended.

Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are disproportionately burdened the low- and middle-inc... more Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are disproportionately burdened the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where awareness and detection rates remain low. Community-based approaches addressing health behaviors including diet, regular physical activity and not smoking cigarettes have all been proved to substantially reduce the risk of CVDs in the high-income countries. However, their effects in improving cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with Metabolic Syndrome in the LMICs remains unknown. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based lifestyle intervention in improving cardio-metabolic risk factors among adults with MetS. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial study conducted for a period of 15-months among adults with MetS. Eligible individuals (n = 352) were randomly allocated to either the control or the intervention group on 1:1 ratio. The treatment arm received World Health Organization recommended lifestyle intervention...

Treatment Compliance Among Patients With Hypertension At Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH),present... more Treatment Compliance Among Patients With Hypertension At Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH),presented at the 2nd International Scientific Conference, CHS And KNH, 19th - 21st June 2013.

The Journal of cardiovascular nursing

The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2011

PLOS ONE, 2020

the reported experiencing less side-effects and were better able to manage them compared to the c... more the reported experiencing less side-effects and were better able to manage them compared to the control group. Conclusion Implementation a community-based approach improved maternal compliance with IFAS, awareness of IFAS side effects and their management, with better improvement being recorded in the intervention group. Hence, there is need to integrate community-based approach with antenatal distribution of IFAS to improve supplementation.

Additional file 1. Focus group discussion guide.

Additional file 3. In depth interview guide for Husbands, Male partners (Medicalization/shifts in... more Additional file 3. In depth interview guide for Husbands, Male partners (Medicalization/shifts in FGM/C).

Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2021

Objective: Reflective writing is consistently linked to improved clinical decision-making. Howeve... more Objective: Reflective writing is consistently linked to improved clinical decision-making. However, analyzing the journals to evaluate the reflective abilities of nursing students is scanty locally. This study aimed to assess the reflective skills of undergraduate nursing students.Methods: A qualitative thematic content analysis using the Lasater Clinical Judgment Evaluation Rubric was used to assess the reflective abilities of 33 undergraduate nursing students in 138 journal entries. Guided by Gibb's reflective model, the students documented their experiences during a clinical attachment at a National Referral Hospital in Kenya between February and August 2018. Data coding and thematic linking were done using NVIVO version 11. Results: Reflective abilities differed across gender and to some extent across years of study. Most participants were more likely to notice the deviation from the norm, whether patient-related or health care environment-related. Moreover, they demonstrate...