Samuel Martínez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Samuel Martínez

New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids, 2021

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the cc by 4.0 license.

Journal of Human Rights, 2021

New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids, 2020

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies, 2020

ABSTRACT Anti-Haitian attitudes are widely acknowledged to exist in the Dominican Republic, but i... more ABSTRACT Anti-Haitian attitudes are widely acknowledged to exist in the Dominican Republic, but it has not been clear whether these are driven by anti-Black, anti-immigrant, or specifically anti-Haitian stereotypes. We conduct a quantitative content analysis of a disproportionally stratified probability sample from the universe of all articles containing the search term ‘Haiti’ that appeared in the online versions of the three main Dominican daily newspapers, El Listín Diario, Hoy, and El Caribe from 2013 to 2015. In each article, we counted references to anti-Black stereotypes, anti-immigrant stereotypes (regardless of race), and stereotypes of criminal violence that are common to both anti-Black as well as anti-immigrant stereotypes. We also distinguish specifically anti-Haitian stereotypes based on the Dominican Republic’s historical experience of Haitian invasion and occupation, portraying Haitians as attackers or invaders. We find the strongest stereotype consistency bias in the domain of crime and violence. This finding is consistent with the predominance of either anti-Black bias or anti-immigrant bias, evidence for which differs from one newspaper to another. There is surprisingly little to no evidence of the predominance of stereotypes that are particular to Haitian-Dominican relations. We discuss the implications of our findings for mainstream and revisionist approaches to Dominican history and sociology.

Biochemical Pharmacology, 2020

In advanced stages of cancer disease, caveolin-1 (CAV1) expression increases and correlates with ... more In advanced stages of cancer disease, caveolin-1 (CAV1) expression increases and correlates with increased migratory and invasive capacity of the respective tumor cells. Previous findings from our laboratory revealed that specific ECM-integrin interactions and tyrosine-14 phosphorylation of CAV1 are required for CAV1-enhanced melanoma cell migration, invasion and metastasis in vivo. In this context, CAV1 phosphorylation on tyrosine-14 mediated by non-receptor Src-family tyrosine kinases seems to be important; however, the effect of Src-family kinase inhibitors on CAV1-enhanced metastasis in vivo has not been studied. Here, we evaluated the effect of CAV1 and c-Abl overexpression, as well as the use of the Src-family kinase inhibitors, PP2 and dasatinib (more specific for Src/Abl) in lung metastasis of B16F10 melanoma cells. Overexpression of CAV1 and c-Abl enhanced CAV1 phosphorylation and the metastatic potential of the B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Alternatively, treatment with PP2 or dasatinib for 2 h reduced CAV1 tyrosine-14 phosphorylation and levels recovered fully within 12 h of removing the inhibitors. Nonetheless, pre-treatment of cells with these inhibitors for 2 h sufficed to prevent migration, invasion and trans-endothelial migration in vitro. Importantly, the transient decrease in CAV1 phosphorylation by these kinase inhibitors prevented early steps of CAV1-enhanced lung metastasis by B16F10 melanoma cells injected into the tail vein of mice. In conclusion, this study underscores the relevance of CAV1 tyrosine-14 phosphorylation by Src-family kinases during the first steps of the metastatic sequence promoted by CAV1. These findings open up potential options for treatment of metastatic tumors in patients in which Src-family kinase activation and CAV1 overexpression favor dissemination of cancer cells to secondary sites.

Genes, 2020

Presented here are five members of a family that was ascertained from an isolated, consanguineous... more Presented here are five members of a family that was ascertained from an isolated, consanguineous, indigenous Amerindian community in Colombia that was affected with calpain 3-related, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type R1. These patients are homozygous for a unique and novel deletion of four bases (TGCC) in exon 3 of the calpain 3 gene (CAPN3) (NM_000070.2; NP_000061.1) (g.409_412del). The mutation site occurs at the CysPc protein domain, triggering a modified truncated protein structure and affecting motifs within the calpain-like thiol protease family (peptidase family C2) region. The patients reported here developed a very severe phenotype with primary contractures, spinal rigidity in the early stages of the disease, and bilateral talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) in the most affected patients who had the selective involvement of their extremities’ distal muscles in a way that resembled Emery–Dreifuss syndrome. We recommend mandatory screening for calpainopathy in all patients wit...

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2019

Thy-1/CD90 is a glycoprotein attached to the outer face of the plasma membrane with various funct... more Thy-1/CD90 is a glycoprotein attached to the outer face of the plasma membrane with various functions, which depend on the context of specific physiological or pathological conditions. Many of these reported functions for Thy-1/CD90 arose from studies by our group, which identified the first ligand/receptor for Thy-1/CD90 as an integrin. This finding initiated studies directed toward unveiling the molecular mechanisms that operate downstream of Thy-1/CD90 activation, and its possible interaction with proteins in the membrane plane to regulate their function. The association of Thy-1/CD90 with a number of cell surface molecules allows the formation of extra/intracellular multiprotein complexes composed of various ligands and receptors, extracellular matrix proteins, intracellular signaling proteins, and the cytoskeleton. The complexes sense changes that occur inside and outside the cells, with Thy-1/CD90 at the core of this extracellular molecular platform. Molecular platforms are scaffold-containing microdomains where key proteins associate to prominently influence cellular processes and behavior. Each component, by itself, is less effective, but when together with various scaffold proteins to form a platform, the components become more specific and efficient to convey the messages. This review article discusses the experimental evidence that supports the role of Thy-1/CD90 as a membrane-associated platform (ThyMAP).

Anthropology News, 2016

Melissa Harris-Perry to shine spotlight on US elections. This year's Annual Meeting theme, "Evide... more Melissa Harris-Perry to shine spotlight on US elections. This year's Annual Meeting theme, "Evidence, Accident, Discovery," elicited a strong level of interest, with nearly 50 proposals submitted for a limited number of theme-speci c Executive Sessions. The 22 panels accepted as Executive Sessions are distributed across the entire ve days of the program and touch upon an excitingly diverse range of themes, including retrospective looks at 20 years of the AAA Race Project and the 75th anniversary of the founding of the Wenner-Gren Foundation, plant-people relationships and indigenous relatedness, expert legal evidence, bioarchaeologists' public engagements and the uses and meanings of evidence in teaching. Hundreds more invited and volunteered panels also speak meaningfully to the questions of what counts as evidence in anthropology and what evidence counts for in society, the media and government. Local site committee chair, Bill Beeman, and local site committee member, Amelia Hassoun, have also highlighted some of the exciting sights, tastes and sounds of the Twin Cities, in their columns in

Choice Reviews Online, 2014

Íconos - Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 2013

Resumen En este artículo empleamos una comparación entre Ecuador y México para explorar la relaci... more Resumen En este artículo empleamos una comparación entre Ecuador y México para explorar la relación entre la configuración de las rivalidades de los equipos de fútbol a nivel nacional y la distribución espacial de poder e n t re las regiones y ciudades. En el caso de México, el patrón de rivalidades es inseparable de un fuert e centralismo de poder político y económico, mientras que en el caso de Ec u a d o r, el patrón tiene que ve r principalmente con una vieja lucha por la predominancia económica y política entre las ciudades de Qu i t o y Guayaquil. Proponemos que la atención a las rivalidades futbolísticas re vela cómo un segmento de la población ve, critica o replantea la posición de su ciudad o región con relación a otras y con relación a la nación. Esta atención re vela un comentario "desde abajo" sobre el proceso continuo de construcción de la nación.

The Global Repercussions of U.S. Policy, 2009

I thank Margaret Crahan for insights and inspiration. The views expressed herein are those of the... more I thank Margaret Crahan for insights and inspiration. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peerreviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.

New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids, 1993

New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids, 1997

Examines how popular, oppositional historical consciousness is formed and expressed among poor an... more Examines how popular, oppositional historical consciousness is formed and expressed among poor and marginalized rural proletarians of Haitian descent living in the Dominican Republic. Author addresses the incomplete and contested nature of hegemony in the Caribbean and raises questions about the relationship between 'vernacular' and 'official' knowledge about the past, whether they always oppose each other or whether there is overlap.

Latin American Perspectives, 2003

Michele Wucker's Why the Cocks Fight: Dominicans, Haitians, and the Struggle for Hispaniola power... more Michele Wucker's Why the Cocks Fight: Dominicans, Haitians, and the Struggle for Hispaniola powerfully conveys the message that Haiti and the Dominican Republic are, like two fighting cocks, locked in an all-out struggle for preeminence. "The cornered rat, the cock in a ring, the boisterous young man: all of them fight to defend territory," Wucker (1999: 238) writes, citing the ethologist Konrad Lorenz: "When a creature is attacked, its options are to fight back or flee.... On Hispaniola, geographic, economic, and political pressures have intensified urges to aggression and elaborate mechanisms for escape." Written in vivid, nonacademic prose, Why the Cocks Fight has rapidly become the first-and for many, I suspect, the only-book that people turn to for information about Haitian-Dominican relations. What concerns me is not just the book's popularity but the old ideas to which it gives new life. Wucker perpetuates two of the most questionable, if widely accepted, ideas about relations between the two countries. The first is that the citizens of Haiti and the Dominican Republic are consumed with animosity toward their island neighbors. The second is that the two nations are engaged in some sort of contest for control over the island of Hispaniola. These two assertions constitute the core of a "fatal-conflict model" of Dominican-Haitian relations that I aim to call into question in what follows. Samuel Martinez has done extensive ethnographic fieldwork with Haitian migrants and returnees in both the Dominican Republic and Haiti and has published a book on this topic. With funding from the MacArthur Foundation-Social Science Research Council's Program on Global Security and Cooperation, he is now doing research comparing the modes of activism and knowledge production pursued by international human rights NGOs and Haitian-Dominican rights organizations.

Humanity: An International Journal of Human Rights, Humanitarianism, and Development, 2011

Women are taking leading roles in redefining social concepts and global policy issues in areas su... more Women are taking leading roles in redefining social concepts and global policy issues in areas such as development, democracy, human rights, world security, and the environment. This means not just looking at what have been called ''women's issues''-a ghetto, or separate sphere that remains on the margins of society-but rather moving women from the margins to the center by questioning the most fundamental concepts of our social order so that they take better account of women's lives. 1