Sandra Escribano Martin - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sandra Escribano Martin

Plant Genetic Resources, 2015

The study of unknown and therefore unexploited genetic material from landraces and wild relatives... more The study of unknown and therefore unexploited genetic material from landraces and wild relatives could be essential to help modern plant breeders to respond to ongoing requirements and new challenges in food production. The present study evaluates the most relevant physicochemical values and nutrient contents of a genetically unique array of traditional melon varieties, cultivated in Spain at least since the 19th century, and compares them with modern melon hybrids available on the market. This research is complemented with an assessment of variety, environment and repetition effects on each trait to determine their stability. Spanish melon landraces displayed extraordinary diversity with respect to juiciness (70.59–95.97 g/100 g water fresh weight), firmness (20.75–149.89 N), soluble solids content (9.57–16.53 °Brix), pH (5.04–6.38), total sugars (360.21–877.36 mg/g dry weight), carotenoids (0.01–2.05 μg/g fresh weight) and ascorbic acid values (7.55–44.33 mg/100 g fresh weight). ...

Stewart Postharvest Review, Dec 1, 2014

El melón (Cucumis melo L.) es un sector estratégico para España ya que nuestro país es el primer ... more El melón (Cucumis melo L.) es un sector estratégico para España ya que nuestro país es el primer exportador mundial y el primer productor de la Unión Europea. En la Comunidad de Madrid se cultiva el 1% de la producción nacional principalmente en Villaconejos. Allí se comenzaron a cultivar melones de secano a finales del siglo XIX, en principio sólo para consumo familiar, pero poco después para el comercio. Los agricultores y sus familias se dedicaron exclusivamente a su cultivo, compitiendo año tras año por conseguir frutos más dulces y jugosos. Actualmente, las antiguas variedades de Villaconejos apenas son cultivadas porque han sido desplazadas por variedades híbridas más productivas. Gracias al apego de los meloneros tradicionales por sus cultivares se han podido conservar y en los últimos años el IMIDRA ha podido prospectarlos para no perder tan valioso recurso fitogenético. Actualmente, en una sociedad donde el consumidor busca exigente productos de calidad, la oportunidad de c...

The genetic diversity of five winter melon landraces having a historic presence in the town of Vi... more The genetic diversity of five winter melon landraces having a historic presence in the town of Villaconejos, Spain (near Madrid) and four reference accessions including one accession from snakemelon, was assessed using the allelic variation at 19 SSR loci. Seventy-two polymorphic bands were scored which provided for adequate discrimination among the accessions examined. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) employing SSR-based genetic similarity (GS, Jaccard similarity coefficient) data resulted in a dendrogram with two major clades. Although winter melon accessions were represented in both clades, genetic differences among two Madrid accessions and the other seven landraces were remarkable. In fact, this genetic difference (GS = 0.24; lack of genetic affinity) was lower than the difference between the accession C-444 and the other winter melon landraces accessions examined (GS = 0.25). Moreover, the high level of heterogeneity observed within the accessions indicates that the melons examined po...

Grassland Science, 2014

ABSTRACT A study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 to evaluate and characterize the agronomic value... more ABSTRACT A study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 to evaluate and characterize the agronomic value of seven agronomic traits, including dry matter yield and forage quality of 25 orchardgrass cultivars grown in monoculture and binary mixtures with alfalfa. The irrigated Millville, UT, USA (41°41′24″N, 111°49′48″W) field site was characterized by a semiarid climate and elevation over 1300 m. The cultivar × mixture interaction was significant for all traits but flag leaf height, and contained a substantial crossover component among the cultivars. Differences among cultivar means were significant for all traits in both the monoculture and mixture settings. Yet, concordance for high cultivar performance in both monoculture and mixture was low. Thus, the strong underlying cultivar × mixture interaction found in this study complicates the identification of best cultivars in both settings. Yet, for each trait cultivars were identified that possessed statistically high phenotypic performance under the monoculture and mixed sward conditions. Thus, despite the substantial cultivar × environment effect, it should be possible to develop orchardgrass cultivars with improved agronomic performance under both management conditions.

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2009

Abstract The variability of 14 landraces belonging to a Madrilean village historically specialize... more Abstract The variability of 14 landraces belonging to a Madrilean village historically specialized on melon cultivation, Villaconejos, was evaluated based on 58 quantitative and qualitative morphological traits. These landraces were compared to a reference array composed of 14 accessions which represented the main varieties cultivated in Spanish fields. Individual data related to plant, fruit, seed and phenology have been analysed using a multivariate analysis. This analysis showed intra-and inter-varietal diversity, as ...

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2012

... Roxburgh, and subspecies melo Naudin include the varieties cantalupensis Naud., inodorus Jacq... more ... Roxburgh, and subspecies melo Naudin include the varieties cantalupensis Naud., inodorus Jacquin, flexuosus L., dudaim L., and chito Morren ... stained with ethidium bromide, and then photographed using GelExpert Software (Nucleo-Tech Corporation, 1996, San Mateo, Calif ...

European Food Research and Technology, 2012

Sensory proWling was applied as an eVective tool in melon characterization to evaluate twenty-six... more Sensory proWling was applied as an eVective tool in melon characterization to evaluate twenty-six melon varieties, landraces and commercial hybrids over 3 years of harvesting. The landraces were from Villaconejos, a Madrilean village historically specialized in melon cultivation. These landraces have remarkable morphological and molecular diversity according to previous studies. Individual panel results related to color, Wrmness, juiciness, sweetness, acidity and Wbrosity, and seven diVerent aromas of melon fruits were analyzed using a multivariate analysis. The results of these analyses showed that Villaconejos accessions were highly diverse and distinct from the reference accessions. The comparison of speciWc and homologous traditional and commercial varieties indicated that genetic improvement programs have had a remarkable eVect on some sensorial attributes. Most Villaconejos varieties exhibited noteworthy particularities that the consumer panel considered quality marks, such as the sweetness and acidity of 'Mochuelo Tradicional' or the juiciness of 'Melón Azul'. The most preferred group was composed of seven varieties. The Wrst three preferred varieties were Villaconejos landraces, as was the Wfth variety in this group. In conclusion, these results indicate that Villaconejos landraces could provide Inodorus genetic resources with priceless sensorial attributes that are appreciated by consumers and are currently unavailable in the melon market. Therefore, these landraces constitute an irreplaceable resource for farmers, breeders and seed companies.

European Food Research and Technology, 2010

Seven typologies of melon belonging to Inodorus and Cantalupensis horticultural groups have been ... more Seven typologies of melon belonging to Inodorus and Cantalupensis horticultural groups have been assayed in relation to their sensory and physical-chemical characteristics. Sensory analysis has been performed by means of a descriptive profiling based on objective scales and a trained panel. Multivariate analysis was applied to the individual results associated with the attributes of color, firmness, juiciness, sweetness, acidity, fibrosity and seven different aromas. Accuracy of the panel members and validity of the method were confirmed by the correlation between sensory scores and physical-chemical rates of firmness, juiciness, 8 Brix and pH. Relationships between sensory parameters and consumer preferences were also identified, resulting in concrete quality marks: high sweetness and juiciness, yellow flesh, moderate acidity and aromas of cucumber, watermelon, pineapple and peach. Additionally, the consumer's internal map of preferences was developed in order to guide future genetic improvement programs.

Actas XI Congreso SECH. Albacete, Apr 1, 2007

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Se han estudiado 8 variedades recolectadas en Villaconejos. Las semillas se ... more MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Se han estudiado 8 variedades recolectadas en Villaconejos. Las semillas se han obtendio de los Bancos de Germplasma del IMIDRA, del CRF-INIA y de la UPV. En el trabajo se han incluido otras 8 variedades locales de la Comunidad de Madrid procedentes de los municipios próximos y 8 testigos comerciales (figura 1). La caracterización morfológica se realizó aplicando el descriptor:“Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, homogeneity and stability. Cucumis melo L. UPOV”.

Euphytica, 2015

Orchardgrass, or cocksfoot, (Dactylis glomerata L.) is one of the most important forage grasses u... more Orchardgrass, or cocksfoot, (Dactylis glomerata L.) is one of the most important forage grasses used in temperate agriculture. Yet, genetic gains are slow and complicated owing to the perennial and autotetraploid nature of orchardgrass. The development of orchardgrass population hybrids may be a way to more efficiently make genetic gains through heterosis. In the study reported herein, we describe the results of a 3 year study of the effect of heterosis on the forage quality of orchardgrass population hybrids managed with supplemental irrigation at a Cache County, UT, USA field site. The population hybrids derived from the orchardgrass cultivars Latar, Paiute, and Potomac; and from six additional germplasm sources from Asia, Europe, and North America. Data reflected July and August harvests from 2008 to 2010 and included crude protein (CP), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and water soluble carbohydrates (WSC). There were differences (P \ 0.05) among the population hybrids and the included check cultivars for each of the traits at both harvest points. Mid-parent heterosis was relatively common and there were several instances of high-parent heterosis and reciprocal effects. Additionally, the population hybrids possessed better mean phenotypic values than the cultivars for July CP (2 g kg -1 ), and August CP (4 g kg -1 ), IVTD (7 g kg -1 ), NDF (-9 g kg -1 ), and WSC (4 g kg -1 ). Overall, the results suggest that population hybrids may prove a feasible approach for orchardgrass forage quality improvement.