Sanjay Singhal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sanjay Singhal

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology, 2011

Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromise... more Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations. To evaluate the susceptibility pattern of our isolates against amphotericin B, itraconazole, and voriconazole and to compare the antifungal activities of these agents with each other against the Aspergillus species tested. A prospective study was designed to include clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus species. 420 sputum samples, 70 bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, 160 oral washings, and 47 environmental samples were collected. Direct microscopy by potassium hydroxide and lactophenol cotton blue mounts followed by culture on Sabourad`s dextrose agar (SDA) was done. Susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution technique as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute standards (M-38A). Additionally, all the isolates were also tested by the colorimetric microdilution technique using Alamar Blue dye. It was done by the Chi-square test and Z-test using SPSS statistical software version 12.0. Twenty-seven isolates (47.3%) were recovered from patients with chronic bronchial asthma followed by fibrocavitary pulmonary tuberculosis in 9 (15.7%), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in 6 cases (10.5%), bronchiectasis in 3 (5.2%), bronchogenic carcinoma in 5 (8.7%) and those receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer 7 (12.2%). Thirteen environmental isolates were also included in the study. The most common isolate was A. fumigatus 28 (40%), followed by A. niger 22 (31%), A. flavus 13 (19%), and A. terreus 7(10%). All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and voriconazole. Among the three agents tested, voriconazole exhibited lowest MICs (≤1 μg/ml) against all Aspergillus species.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Jan 10, 2019

Universal Research Journal of Dentistry, 2013

Aims: This study was carried out to correlate the relationship between early childhood caries and... more Aims: This study was carried out to correlate the relationship between early childhood caries and maternal caries status and to investigate the influence of preventive educational counseling on children's Streptococcus mutans levels. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 100 pairs of children of ≤6 years age and their mothers, who reported to the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SGT Dental College, Gurgaon. The association between mother's education status and socioeconomic status of family were estimated through a self-structured questionnaire. Out of theses 100 children, a total of 30 children whose caries score was 4 or more than 4 were selected for S. mutans salivary level count using Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar media. The mothers of these 30 children were given a 30 min educational session regarding prevention of dental caries. Following this the salivary S. mutans levels were again estimated and comparison was done between baseline and posteducational counseling S. mutans levels using paired t -test. Results: Collected data was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and paired t -test. There was no correlation between the dental caries status of children below and at 6 years of age with that of their mothers. There was an inverse relationship between the education level of mothers and caries status of their children ( P > 0.05). There was no relationship between the socioeconomic status of mothers and caries status of their children. There was a significant decrease in the salivary levels of S. mutans of children after preventive educational counseling of their mothers ( P Conclusion: It can be concluded that, mothers are responsible for children lifestyle behavior and habits and represent the primary information about oral health.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2015

directed by the National Green tribunal (NGT) found that some hospitals of the capital were viola... more directed by the National Green tribunal (NGT) found that some hospitals of the capital were violating the BMW Rules. [5] With this concern a study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi. with the aim to determine the current status of awareness and practices regarding BMWM among the healthcare workers (HCWs) in the hospital, to identify the areas of deficit and to forward the results to BMWM Committee (BMWMC) of the hospital to take requisite corrective action. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional indirect interview type of study was conducted in a 600 bedded tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi over a period of one month, from 15 th August to 14 th September, 2013 through self-distributed pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires randomly distributed among four categories of HCWs: Doctors, nurses, technicians and other paramedical staff of the hospital. Each questionnaire was composed of two sections. Section A comprised of demographic profile of the subjects while Section B comprised of questions to test the awareness (Section BI) and practices (Section B II) regarding BMWM. The overall response of the participants was graded based on correct responses as: Satisfactory (more than 80%), intermediate (50-80%) and unsatisfactory (less than 50%). Results A total 120 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 110 (91.66%) were received back. The 110 respondents comprised of: 26 Doctors (23.64%), 29 Nurses (26.36%), 20 technicians (18.18%) and 35 other paramedical staff (31.82%). Doctors included in the study were senior residents

American Journal of Infection Control, 2010

We report the results of the International Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance stud... more We report the results of the International Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2003 through December 2008 in 173 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) US National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection, we collected prospective data from 155,358 patients hospitalized in the consortium's hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 923,624 days. Although device utilization in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported from US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were markedly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infections (BSI) in the INICC ICUs, 7.6 per 1000 CVC-days, is nearly 3-fold higher than the 2.0 per 1000 CVC-days reported from comparable US ICUs, and the overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was also far higher, 13.6 versus 3.3 per 1000 ventilator-days, respectively, as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), 6.3 versus 3.3 per 1000 catheter-days, respectively. Most strikingly, the frequencies of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to methicillin (MRSA) (84.1% vs 56.8%, respectively), Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftazidime or ceftriaxone (76.1% vs 27.1%, respectively), Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem (46.3% vs 29.2%, respectively), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin (78.0% vs 20.2%, respectively) were also far higher in the consortium's ICUs, and the crude unadjusted excess mortalities of device-related infections ranged from 23.6% (CVC-associated bloodstream infections) to 29.3% (VAP).

Journal of Laboratory Physicians

Granulicatella adiacens is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rare... more Granulicatella adiacens is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the laboratory due to their fastidious growth requirements. These have been mostly reported from bloodstream infections, infective endocarditis, infections of orbit, nasolacrimal duct and breast implants. Here, we are reporting two cases of subcutaneous abscesses caused by G. adiacens. In first case, it was isolated from abscess around elbow joint and second case was a suprapatellar abscess. We have also reviewed the published data concerning diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Granulicatella infections and included some Indian cases.

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

Background: Sepsis is one of the most common cause of neonatal deaths globally more so in low and... more Background: Sepsis is one of the most common cause of neonatal deaths globally more so in low and middle-income countries. The key to management is high degree of clinical suspicion and prompt initiation of empirical antibiotic therapy pending investigations’ results. Knowledge of one’s own NICU flora and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern guides in choosing correct antibiotic therapy to pediatrician. If this data is standard and comparable across different sites, then it also helps in formulating regional and National treatment guidelines. Present study was therefore undertaken to study microbial flora of present NICU and analyze their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and formulate antimicrobial policy.Methods: Data of blood culture isolates sent from suspected cases of neonatal sepsis received from January 2017 to July 2018 was analysed by “WHONET”.Results: One hundred ninety-three non-repeat isolates were obtained from 992 blood culture samples. Coagulase negative Staphyloc...

Journal of laboratory physicians

is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the labor... more is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the laboratory due to their fastidious growth requirements. These have been mostly reported from bloodstream infections, infective endocarditis, infections of orbit, nasolacrimal duct and breast implants. Here, we are reporting two cases of subcutaneous abscesses caused by . In first case, it was isolated from abscess around elbow joint and second case was a suprapatellar abscess. We have also reviewed the published data concerning diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Granulicatella infections and included some Indian cases.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Apr 20, 2016

Many countries have observed an increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) ov... more Many countries have observed an increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) over the past two decades with emergence of new risk factors and isolation of new fungal pathogens. Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal treatment remain the cornerstones of successful outcomes. However, due to non-specific clinical presentations and limited availability of rapid diagnostic tests, in more than half of cases antifungal treatment is inappropriate. As a result, the emergence of antifungal resistance both in yeasts and mycelial fungi is becoming increasingly common. The Delhi Chapter of the Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists (IAMM-DC) organized a 1 day workshop in collaboration with BSAC on 10 December 2015 in New Delhi to design a road map towards the development of a robust antifungal stewardship programme in the context of conditions in India. The workshop aimed at developing a road map for optimizing better outcomes in patients with IFIs while minimizing u...

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken... more Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken intestine (10 strains from each source) were examined for presumptive colonization factor(s) by measuring their cell surface hydrophobicity and haemagglutination. None of the strains expressed cell surface hydrophobicity. However, 14 strains (7 from either source) showed variable haemagglutination pattern with human, sheep and rabbit erythrocytes in the presence of 0.5 per cent D-mannose. Thus, mannose resistant haemagglutinin(s) may be involved in the colonization of intestinal mucosal surfaces by C. jejuni.

Antral biopsy specimens from non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients with and without endoscopically e... more Antral biopsy specimens from non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients with and without endoscopically evident gastritis were tested for the presence of Helicobacter pylori by three methods: rapid urease test, Gram staining and culture. Positive association of H. pylori by urease test, Gram staining and culture irrespective of the presence or absence of gastritis was observed in 59.2%, 34% and 15.5% patients, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups of patients by urease test and culture. However, by Gram staining the association of H. pylori was found significantly higher in patients with gastritis (43.1%) as compared to non gastritis group indicating that there might be a quantitative rather than qualitative association between H. pylori and endoscopic gastritis.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken... more Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken intestine (10 strains from each source) were examined for presumptive colonization factor(s) by measuring their cell surface hydrophobicity and haemagglutination. None of the strains expressed cell surface hydrophobicity. However, 14 strains (7 from either source) showed variable haemagglutination pattern with human, sheep and rabbit erythrocytes in the presence of 0.5 per cent D-mannose. Thus, mannose resistant haemagglutinin(s) may be involved in the colonization of intestinal mucosal surfaces by C. jejuni.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

With the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, there has been a consequent ris... more With the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, there has been a consequent rise in the number of opportunistic infections, especially those due to Candida sp. A rise in the incidence of antifungal resistance has also been reported. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of C. albicans in superficial and deep-seated infections, to study its antimicrobial susceptibility profile, to analyze the protein-band profile of isolates of C. albicans and assess its use as a means of characterizing the yeast, especially in resistant strains. Seventy-six isolates of C. albicans from various clinical specimens were identified by standard mycological techniques and further subjected to SDS-PAGE. Molecular weights were calculated with reference to the marker and dendrograms were prepared using the SPSS software. Susceptibility testing of five antifungal agents (fluconazole, clotrimazole, nystatin, amphotericin-B and voriconazole) was done by the disc diffusion/...

The Indian journal of medical research, 1991

Antibiotic susceptibility testing against 17 antibiotics was done on 96 strains of various specie... more Antibiotic susceptibility testing against 17 antibiotics was done on 96 strains of various species of coagulase negative staphylococci by Stokes method. Hundred per cent sensitivity was found against vancomycin and cefotaxime and about 90 per cent against ciprofloxacin, clavulanate potentiated amoxycillin, cloxacillin and clindamycin. Strains showed highest resistance against cotrimoxazole (77.08%) and tetracycline (64.59%). Clavulanate potentiated amoxycillin was found to be highly active against penicillin, ampicillin and amoxycillin resistant organisms. The results highlight the importance of antibiotic resistance typing among coagulase negative staphylococci species which are increasingly being reported from serious clinical infections making empiric therapy and selection of antibiotics difficult in these infections.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology, 2011

Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromise... more Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations. To evaluate the susceptibility pattern of our isolates against amphotericin B, itraconazole, and voriconazole and to compare the antifungal activities of these agents with each other against the Aspergillus species tested. A prospective study was designed to include clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus species. 420 sputum samples, 70 bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, 160 oral washings, and 47 environmental samples were collected. Direct microscopy by potassium hydroxide and lactophenol cotton blue mounts followed by culture on Sabourad`s dextrose agar (SDA) was done. Susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution technique as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute standards (M-38A). Additionally, all the isolates were also tested by the colorimetric microdilution technique using Alamar Blue dye. It was done by the Chi-square test and Z-test using SPSS statistical software version 12.0. Twenty-seven isolates (47.3%) were recovered from patients with chronic bronchial asthma followed by fibrocavitary pulmonary tuberculosis in 9 (15.7%), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in 6 cases (10.5%), bronchiectasis in 3 (5.2%), bronchogenic carcinoma in 5 (8.7%) and those receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer 7 (12.2%). Thirteen environmental isolates were also included in the study. The most common isolate was A. fumigatus 28 (40%), followed by A. niger 22 (31%), A. flavus 13 (19%), and A. terreus 7(10%). All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and voriconazole. Among the three agents tested, voriconazole exhibited lowest MICs (≤1 μg/ml) against all Aspergillus species.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Jan 10, 2019

Universal Research Journal of Dentistry, 2013

Aims: This study was carried out to correlate the relationship between early childhood caries and... more Aims: This study was carried out to correlate the relationship between early childhood caries and maternal caries status and to investigate the influence of preventive educational counseling on children's Streptococcus mutans levels. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 100 pairs of children of ≤6 years age and their mothers, who reported to the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SGT Dental College, Gurgaon. The association between mother's education status and socioeconomic status of family were estimated through a self-structured questionnaire. Out of theses 100 children, a total of 30 children whose caries score was 4 or more than 4 were selected for S. mutans salivary level count using Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar media. The mothers of these 30 children were given a 30 min educational session regarding prevention of dental caries. Following this the salivary S. mutans levels were again estimated and comparison was done between baseline and posteducational counseling S. mutans levels using paired t -test. Results: Collected data was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and paired t -test. There was no correlation between the dental caries status of children below and at 6 years of age with that of their mothers. There was an inverse relationship between the education level of mothers and caries status of their children ( P > 0.05). There was no relationship between the socioeconomic status of mothers and caries status of their children. There was a significant decrease in the salivary levels of S. mutans of children after preventive educational counseling of their mothers ( P Conclusion: It can be concluded that, mothers are responsible for children lifestyle behavior and habits and represent the primary information about oral health.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2015

directed by the National Green tribunal (NGT) found that some hospitals of the capital were viola... more directed by the National Green tribunal (NGT) found that some hospitals of the capital were violating the BMW Rules. [5] With this concern a study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi. with the aim to determine the current status of awareness and practices regarding BMWM among the healthcare workers (HCWs) in the hospital, to identify the areas of deficit and to forward the results to BMWM Committee (BMWMC) of the hospital to take requisite corrective action. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional indirect interview type of study was conducted in a 600 bedded tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi over a period of one month, from 15 th August to 14 th September, 2013 through self-distributed pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires randomly distributed among four categories of HCWs: Doctors, nurses, technicians and other paramedical staff of the hospital. Each questionnaire was composed of two sections. Section A comprised of demographic profile of the subjects while Section B comprised of questions to test the awareness (Section BI) and practices (Section B II) regarding BMWM. The overall response of the participants was graded based on correct responses as: Satisfactory (more than 80%), intermediate (50-80%) and unsatisfactory (less than 50%). Results A total 120 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 110 (91.66%) were received back. The 110 respondents comprised of: 26 Doctors (23.64%), 29 Nurses (26.36%), 20 technicians (18.18%) and 35 other paramedical staff (31.82%). Doctors included in the study were senior residents

American Journal of Infection Control, 2010

We report the results of the International Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance stud... more We report the results of the International Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2003 through December 2008 in 173 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) US National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection, we collected prospective data from 155,358 patients hospitalized in the consortium's hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 923,624 days. Although device utilization in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported from US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were markedly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infections (BSI) in the INICC ICUs, 7.6 per 1000 CVC-days, is nearly 3-fold higher than the 2.0 per 1000 CVC-days reported from comparable US ICUs, and the overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was also far higher, 13.6 versus 3.3 per 1000 ventilator-days, respectively, as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), 6.3 versus 3.3 per 1000 catheter-days, respectively. Most strikingly, the frequencies of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to methicillin (MRSA) (84.1% vs 56.8%, respectively), Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftazidime or ceftriaxone (76.1% vs 27.1%, respectively), Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem (46.3% vs 29.2%, respectively), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin (78.0% vs 20.2%, respectively) were also far higher in the consortium's ICUs, and the crude unadjusted excess mortalities of device-related infections ranged from 23.6% (CVC-associated bloodstream infections) to 29.3% (VAP).

Journal of Laboratory Physicians

Granulicatella adiacens is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rare... more Granulicatella adiacens is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the laboratory due to their fastidious growth requirements. These have been mostly reported from bloodstream infections, infective endocarditis, infections of orbit, nasolacrimal duct and breast implants. Here, we are reporting two cases of subcutaneous abscesses caused by G. adiacens. In first case, it was isolated from abscess around elbow joint and second case was a suprapatellar abscess. We have also reviewed the published data concerning diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Granulicatella infections and included some Indian cases.

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

Background: Sepsis is one of the most common cause of neonatal deaths globally more so in low and... more Background: Sepsis is one of the most common cause of neonatal deaths globally more so in low and middle-income countries. The key to management is high degree of clinical suspicion and prompt initiation of empirical antibiotic therapy pending investigations’ results. Knowledge of one’s own NICU flora and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern guides in choosing correct antibiotic therapy to pediatrician. If this data is standard and comparable across different sites, then it also helps in formulating regional and National treatment guidelines. Present study was therefore undertaken to study microbial flora of present NICU and analyze their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and formulate antimicrobial policy.Methods: Data of blood culture isolates sent from suspected cases of neonatal sepsis received from January 2017 to July 2018 was analysed by “WHONET”.Results: One hundred ninety-three non-repeat isolates were obtained from 992 blood culture samples. Coagulase negative Staphyloc...

Journal of laboratory physicians

is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the labor... more is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the laboratory due to their fastidious growth requirements. These have been mostly reported from bloodstream infections, infective endocarditis, infections of orbit, nasolacrimal duct and breast implants. Here, we are reporting two cases of subcutaneous abscesses caused by . In first case, it was isolated from abscess around elbow joint and second case was a suprapatellar abscess. We have also reviewed the published data concerning diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Granulicatella infections and included some Indian cases.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Apr 20, 2016

Many countries have observed an increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) ov... more Many countries have observed an increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) over the past two decades with emergence of new risk factors and isolation of new fungal pathogens. Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal treatment remain the cornerstones of successful outcomes. However, due to non-specific clinical presentations and limited availability of rapid diagnostic tests, in more than half of cases antifungal treatment is inappropriate. As a result, the emergence of antifungal resistance both in yeasts and mycelial fungi is becoming increasingly common. The Delhi Chapter of the Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists (IAMM-DC) organized a 1 day workshop in collaboration with BSAC on 10 December 2015 in New Delhi to design a road map towards the development of a robust antifungal stewardship programme in the context of conditions in India. The workshop aimed at developing a road map for optimizing better outcomes in patients with IFIs while minimizing u...

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken... more Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken intestine (10 strains from each source) were examined for presumptive colonization factor(s) by measuring their cell surface hydrophobicity and haemagglutination. None of the strains expressed cell surface hydrophobicity. However, 14 strains (7 from either source) showed variable haemagglutination pattern with human, sheep and rabbit erythrocytes in the presence of 0.5 per cent D-mannose. Thus, mannose resistant haemagglutinin(s) may be involved in the colonization of intestinal mucosal surfaces by C. jejuni.

Antral biopsy specimens from non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients with and without endoscopically e... more Antral biopsy specimens from non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients with and without endoscopically evident gastritis were tested for the presence of Helicobacter pylori by three methods: rapid urease test, Gram staining and culture. Positive association of H. pylori by urease test, Gram staining and culture irrespective of the presence or absence of gastritis was observed in 59.2%, 34% and 15.5% patients, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups of patients by urease test and culture. However, by Gram staining the association of H. pylori was found significantly higher in patients with gastritis (43.1%) as compared to non gastritis group indicating that there might be a quantitative rather than qualitative association between H. pylori and endoscopic gastritis.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken... more Ten strains of C. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken intestine (10 strains from each source) were examined for presumptive colonization factor(s) by measuring their cell surface hydrophobicity and haemagglutination. None of the strains expressed cell surface hydrophobicity. However, 14 strains (7 from either source) showed variable haemagglutination pattern with human, sheep and rabbit erythrocytes in the presence of 0.5 per cent D-mannose. Thus, mannose resistant haemagglutinin(s) may be involved in the colonization of intestinal mucosal surfaces by C. jejuni.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

With the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, there has been a consequent ris... more With the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, there has been a consequent rise in the number of opportunistic infections, especially those due to Candida sp. A rise in the incidence of antifungal resistance has also been reported. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of C. albicans in superficial and deep-seated infections, to study its antimicrobial susceptibility profile, to analyze the protein-band profile of isolates of C. albicans and assess its use as a means of characterizing the yeast, especially in resistant strains. Seventy-six isolates of C. albicans from various clinical specimens were identified by standard mycological techniques and further subjected to SDS-PAGE. Molecular weights were calculated with reference to the marker and dendrograms were prepared using the SPSS software. Susceptibility testing of five antifungal agents (fluconazole, clotrimazole, nystatin, amphotericin-B and voriconazole) was done by the disc diffusion/...

The Indian journal of medical research, 1991

Antibiotic susceptibility testing against 17 antibiotics was done on 96 strains of various specie... more Antibiotic susceptibility testing against 17 antibiotics was done on 96 strains of various species of coagulase negative staphylococci by Stokes method. Hundred per cent sensitivity was found against vancomycin and cefotaxime and about 90 per cent against ciprofloxacin, clavulanate potentiated amoxycillin, cloxacillin and clindamycin. Strains showed highest resistance against cotrimoxazole (77.08%) and tetracycline (64.59%). Clavulanate potentiated amoxycillin was found to be highly active against penicillin, ampicillin and amoxycillin resistant organisms. The results highlight the importance of antibiotic resistance typing among coagulase negative staphylococci species which are increasingly being reported from serious clinical infections making empiric therapy and selection of antibiotics difficult in these infections.