Sarah Baxter - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sarah Baxter

Copyright information:Taken from "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding... more Copyright information:Taken from "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding and cleavage by cell surface-displayed homing endonucleases"Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(8):2748-2758.Published online 10 Apr 2007PMCID:PMC1885675.© 2007 The Author(s) () Three populations of cells expressing different LHEs (I-AniI, I-AniI and H-DreI) were mixed at a 1💯1 ratio and double stained with dsAni1-BT: SAv-PE and dsDre4-BT: SAv-Q655, followed by FACS. The resulting sorted populations were cultured for 5–7 days prior to analysis and subsequent rounds of sorting. In post-sort analyses, cells stained with dsAni1 and dsDre4 are shown in red and blue, respectively. () Enrichment of low frequency dsOligo-binding cells by MACS. IgM-negative DT40 cells expressing I-AniI (top row, third panel) were used as a background population into which IgM-positive B10 cells were added at a frequency of 0.1%. IgM-positive I-AniI cells were included at 0.5% to control for potential background dsOligo binding caused by surface immunoglobulin expression, leading to a total of 0.6% IgM-positive cells in the input population, the majority of which do not stain with dsAni1. This mixed population was stained and sorted using AutoMACS (see Methods section for details). The positive fraction was grown out and analyzed for IgM expression. Staining with dsAni1 confirmed that the enriched IgM-positive population primarily expressed wild-type I-AniI.

Copyright information:Taken from "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding... more Copyright information:Taken from "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding and cleavage by cell surface-displayed homing endonucleases"Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(8):2748-2758.Published online 10 Apr 2007PMCID:PMC1885675.© 2007 The Author(s) () H-DreI is an engineered enzyme composed of domains derived from the I-CreI and I-DmoI LHEs. Its 23-bp recognition site (dsDre4, boxed) is therefore a complex of the natural target sequences bound by I-CreI (green) and I-DmoI (purple). The 19-bp I-AniI recognition site (dsAni1, boxed) was placed between stretches of five GC base pairs designed to enhance the formation and stability of the double-stranded complex. Single base-pair changes (dsDre4, dsDre4, dsAni1 and dsAni1) are indicated by red boxes and the cleavage sites by red arrows. The alternative I-AniI target sequence (dsAni2) containing two base-pair changes are shown in blue boxes. Conjugations with biotin at the 5′ termini are depicted, and Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated oligonucleotides for dsAni1 and dsAni1 were used in the flow cytometry cleavage assay. () Verification of efficient annealing of the complementary oligonucleotides run on a 3% agarose gel, with individual oligos (+S and −S) run as controls. () Flow cytometry analysis of clones stained with fluorescent dsOligos. Staining of I-AniI and H-DreI expressing clones in the presence of 10 mM Ca are shown, with shaded and open histograms representing SAv-PE-only controls and dsOligo-BT: SAv-PE stained cells, respectively. The dsOligos used for each stain are indicated in the upper right corner of the histograms.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2021

Many regulatory bodies now recommend that tobacco product manufacturers provide information regar... more Many regulatory bodies now recommend that tobacco product manufacturers provide information regarding new tobacco products’ abuse liability to inform regulatory authorization of currently marketed tobacco products or new product applications (including premarket tobacco product applications in the United States). In addition, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends including this information as part of modified risk tobacco product applications. Regulators, including FDA, and many public health officials and researchers consider abuse liability assessment a model which predicts the likelihood that the use of the tobacco product would result in addiction and be used repeatedly or even sporadically resulting in undesirable effects. Abuse liability of a new, potentially reduced harm product can also inform its ability to substitute completely for more harmful tobacco products. While many methods exist, no standard tobacco product abuse liability assessment has been establi...

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

The objective of this work is to present a strategy for the development and implementation of the... more The objective of this work is to present a strategy for the development and implementation of the Environments for Fostering Effective Critical Thinking (EFFECTs) pedagogical framework in a mathematics classroom, called Math-EFFECTS. A primary goal of Math-EFFECTs is to enhance the timely integration of mathematical solution techniques with engineering, technology and applied science applications. EFFECTs was developed by a team of researchers at the University of South Carolina under funding from the National Science Foundation. It has been disseminated via the web and has over a dozen practitioners who have applied the framework to concepts such as geotechnical engineering, thermodynamics, mechanics, numerical methods, and scientific visualization, working with students at all stages of their engineering education [1]. The central learning goals of engineering EFFECTs are to (i) improve the understanding and retention of a specific set of concepts that provide core knowledge and (ii) encourage students to recognize and develop critical thinking skills that lead to earlier growth in engineering judgment. The primary application of EFFECTs has focused on enhancing the understanding of underlying engineering concepts and developing critical thinking. However, the framework can also be used to more effectively present and teach core mathematical concepts, encourage the critical mathematical thinking associated with real-world problem solving, and effectively link formal mathematics concepts to students' applications of mathematics at an earlier stage in their education.

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

As a founder and president (1997 2002) of WEPAN, Women in Engineering Proactive Network, Susan ha... more As a founder and president (1997 2002) of WEPAN, Women in Engineering Proactive Network, Susan has worked with over 200 colleges and universities to increase access and engagement of women in engineering and science through research, policy and program development. She is currently the principal investigator for ENGAGE, Engaging Students in Engineering, (www.engageengineering.org) a five year project funded by the National Science Foundation to work with 30 engineering schools to integrate research based strategies that increase retention. engineering education include spatial visualization, the use of learning management systems for largesample educational research studies, curriculum development, and fulfilling the needs of an integrated, multidisciplinary first-year engineering environment through the use of collaborative learning, problembased learning (including design-build projects), classroom interaction, and multiple representations of concepts. He has his Ph.D. in Engineering Education from The Ohio State University and he earlier received an M.S. degree in Industrial and Systems Engineering with a specialization in Operations Research also from The Ohio State University.

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

Most Universities today recognize the importance of a comprehensive education that includes inter... more Most Universities today recognize the importance of a comprehensive education that includes interdisciplinary study. However true interdisciplinary classroom experiences between Art and the STEM fields, turning the acronym for science technology, engineering and math into STEAM, with the A contributed by Art, are not very common. Yet there is strong motivation for such interdisciplinary study, justified by the increasing awareness of the powerful role that images play as a fundamental format for scientific communication, of how images contribute to the development, communication and popularization of science and engineering, and of how images help build scientific literacy. More subtly, a full range of visualization skills, for example learning to `see', learning how to make good and careful observations, and exploring the basis for intuitive insight, are all manifestly critical skills for creative design, invention and innovation; skills required of both engineers and artists.

Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, 2019

Understanding how variation impacts a multi-body dynamic (MBD) system's response is important... more Understanding how variation impacts a multi-body dynamic (MBD) system's response is important to ensure the robustness of a system. However, how the variation propagates into the MBD system is complicated because MBD systems are typically governed by a system of large differential algebraic equations (DAE). This paper presents a novel process, Variational Work, along with the Polynomial Chaos Multi-Body Dynamics (PCMBoD) automation process for utilizing polynomial chaos theory (PCT) in the analysis of uncertainties in an MBD system. Variational Work allows the complexity of the traditional PCT approach to be reduced. With Variational Work and the Constrained Lagrangian formulation, the equations of motion (EOM) of an MBD PCT system can be can be constructed using the PCMBoD automated process. To demonstrate the PCMBoD process, two examples, a mass-spring-damper and a two link slider-crank mechanism, are shown.

ASCE-ASME J. Risk and Uncert. in Engrg. Sys., Part B: Mech. Engrg., 2019

The properties of composite materials with random microstructures are often defined by homogenizi... more The properties of composite materials with random microstructures are often defined by homogenizing the properties of a representative volume element (RVE). This results in the effective properties of an equivalent homogeneous material. This approach is useful for predicting a global response but smooths the underlying variability of the composite's properties resulting from the random microstructure. Statistical volume elements (SVEs) are partitions of an RVE. Homogenization of individual SVEs produces a population of apparent properties. While not as rigorously defined as RVEs, SVEs can still provide a repeatable framework to characterize mesoscale variability in composite properties. In particular, their statistical properties can be used as the basis for simulation studies. For this work, Voronoi tessellation was used to partition RVEs into SVEs and apparent properties developed for each SVE. The resulting field of properties is characterized with respect to its spatial auto...

International Journal of Practice-based Learning in Health and Social Care, 2016

Engagement in supervision is a professional requirement for clinical psychologists in the UK (Div... more Engagement in supervision is a professional requirement for clinical psychologists in the UK (Division of Clinical Psychology 2014). There is, however, little guidance regarding how psychologists should be taught the skills required to be a supervisor, or how these skills should be evaluated. This article starts by reviewing the development of national guidance for the training of clinical psychologists as supervisors. Nationally agreed learning objectives for supervisor training are presented. The article then describes how this guidance was operationalised within a region of the UK, and how this has been developed over a number of years. The training and its evaluation processes are outlined and mapped against the learning objectives, with suggestions for future developments.

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

Active learning is defined in contrast to learning by exposition or lecture. More specifically it... more Active learning is defined in contrast to learning by exposition or lecture. More specifically it usually refers to any instructional activity that engages the student in learning, perhaps rather than in being taught. There are two fundamental challenges to embedding active learning in a Statics classroom. The first is coming up with the format for an activity that is appropriate for the class and learning objectives and the second is in identifying content that can be effectively cast in this format throughout the course.

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

Find the best thing to do every day of the year, from one-day events like India's Holi festiv... more Find the best thing to do every day of the year, from one-day events like India's Holi festival or the cheese-rolling race at Cooper's Hill in England, to seasonal events like Alaska's caribou migration and weather-dependent adventures like completing the Tour de Mont Blanc. This vibrant, practical and addictive book covers the 365 best festivals, sporting events, adventures and natural phenomena. For anyone looking for inspiration for where to go when, Best Place to be Today offers a wealth of ideas, inspiring photos, and dates galore. About Lonely Planet: Started in 1973, Lonely Planet has become the world's leading travel guide publisher with guidebooks to every destination on the planet, as well as an award-winning website, a suite of mobile and digital travel products, and a dedicated traveller community. Lonely Planet's mission is to enable curious travellers to experience the world and to truly get to the heart of the places they find themselves in. TripAdvisor Travellers' Choice Awards 2012 winner in Favorite Travel Guide category 'Lonely Planet guides are, quite simply, like no other.' - New York Times 'Lonely Planet. It's on everyone's bookshelves; it's in every traveller's hands. It's on mobile phones. It's on the Internet. It's everywhere, and it's telling entire generations of people how to travel the world.' - Fairfax Media (Australia)

2015 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings

American journal of perinatology, Jan 31, 2015

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether the proteomic biosignature of circul... more Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether the proteomic biosignature of circulating microparticles in maternal serum obtained in the second trimester could identify pregnancies that result in spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). Study Design Microparticles were isolated from blinded biorepository-sourced serum samples from 48 pregnant women at 15 to 17 weeks of gestation. Microparticle proteins were extracted and analyzed using label-free liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Peptide features were analyzed to assess the association of specific protein patterns with subjects delivering at term (≥ 37 weeks gestation; n = 24) and those experiencing SPTB (≤ 34 weeks gestation; n = 24). Results We found 99 proteins that had statistically significant differences in signal intensity between term and SPTB women in both first (n = 26) and second (n = 22) singleton gestation pregnancy cohorts. Additional evaluation identified 18 biomarkers that met criteria for further prio...

Studies in Applied Mechanics, 1996

The effects of fiber shape and fiber arrangement on the overall inelastic behavior of unidirectio... more The effects of fiber shape and fiber arrangement on the overall inelastic behavior of unidirectional metal matrix composites in the presence of interfacial and fiber damage are investigated using a recently extended version of the generalized method of cells (Aboudi, 1993). This ...

AANA journal, 2008

Cost containment is a critical factor in today's healthcare industry, so finding ways to decr... more Cost containment is a critical factor in today's healthcare industry, so finding ways to decrease length of stay is essential in anesthesia practice. We rely on rapid induction, recovery, and discharge to control cost in outpatient surgery. Subarachnoid block (SAB) is an acceptable anesthetic choice for many outpatient procedures. It is often underused because it may result in delayed discharge. The purpose of this study was to determine if orientation of the spinal needle during administration of SAB affects the time required to meet discharge criteria in a same-day surgical unit. Patients undergoing surgical procedures deemed appropriate for short-acting lidocaine spinal anesthetic were recruited for this randomized, posttest, prospective study. All patients received a hyperbaric lidocaine spinal administered using a 25-gauge Whitacre needle. The needle was oriented in a cephalad (group A) or a lateral (group B) direction. Time to discharge was determined by calculating time e...

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013

Breast cancer accounts for the largest number of newly diagnosed cases in female cancer patients.... more Breast cancer accounts for the largest number of newly diagnosed cases in female cancer patients. Although mammography is a powerful screening tool, about 20% of breast cancer cases cannot be detected by this method. New diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer are necessary. Here, we used a mass spectrometry-based quantitative metabolomics method to analyze plasma samples from 55 breast cancer patients and 25 healthy controls. A number of 30 patients and 20 age-matched healthy controls were used as a training dataset to establish a diagnostic model and to identify potential biomarkers. The remaining samples were used as a validation dataset to evaluate the predictive accuracy for the established model. Distinct separation was obtained from an orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model with good prediction accuracy. Based on this analysis, 39 differentiating metabolites were identified, including significantly lower levels of lysophosphatidylcholines and higher levels of sphingomyelins in the plasma samples obtained from breast cancer patients compared with

Women: A Cultural Review, 1991

-HE media only penetrated Mrs Thatcher's defences once. Two weeks before the General Electio... more -HE media only penetrated Mrs Thatcher's defences once. Two weeks before the General Election of 1983, she agreed to be interviewed on the BBC Nationwide's On the Spotin the guise of Tory party leader rather than Prime Minister of Britain. Ordinary viewers had been ...

Nucleic Acids Research, 2012

Although engineered LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases (LHEs) are finding increasing applications in ... more Although engineered LAGLIDADG homing endonucleases (LHEs) are finding increasing applications in biotechnology, their generation remains a challenging, industrial-scale process. As new singlechain LAGLIDADG nuclease scaffolds are identified, however, an alternative paradigm is emerging: identification of an LHE scaffold whose native cleavage site is a close match to a desired target sequence, followed by small-scale engineering to modestly refine recognition specificity. The application of this paradigm could be accelerated if methods were available for fusing N-and C-terminal domains from newly identified LHEs into chimeric enzymes with hybrid cleavage sites. Here we have analyzed the structural requirements for fusion of domains extracted from six single-chain I-OnuI family LHEs, spanning 40-70% amino acid identity. Our analyses demonstrate that both the LAGLIDADG helical interface residues and the linker peptide composition have important effects on the stability and activity of chimeric enzymes. Using a simple domain fusion method in which linker peptide residues predicted to contact their respective domains are retained, and in which limited variation is introduced into the LAGLIDADG helix and nearby interface residues, catalytically active enzymes were recoverable for $70% of domain chimeras. This method will be useful for creating large numbers of chimeric LHEs for genome engineering applications.

Copyright information:Taken from "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding... more Copyright information:Taken from "Flow cytometric analysis of DNA binding and cleavage by cell surface-displayed homing endonucleases"Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(8):2748-2758.Published online 10 Apr 2007PMCID:PMC1885675.© 2007 The Author(s) () H-DreI is an engineered enzyme composed of domains derived from the I-CreI and I-DmoI LHEs. Its 23-bp recognition site (dsDre4, boxed) is therefore a complex of the natural target sequences bound by I-CreI (green) and I-DmoI (purple). The 19-bp I-AniI recognition site (dsAni1, boxed) was placed between stretches of five GC base pairs designed to enhance the formation and stability of the double-stranded complex. Single base-pair changes (dsDre4, dsDre4, dsAni1 and dsAni1) are indicated by red boxes and the cleavage sites by red arrows. The alternative I-AniI target sequence (dsAni2) containing two base-pair changes are shown in blue boxes. Conjugations with biotin at the 5′ termini are depicted, and Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated oligonucleotides for dsAni1 and dsAni1 were used in the flow cytometry cleavage assay. () Verification of efficient annealing of the complementary oligonucleotides run on a 3% agarose gel, with individual oligos (+S and −S) run as controls. () Flow cytometry analysis of clones stained with fluorescent dsOligos. Staining of I-AniI and H-DreI expressing clones in the presence of 10 mM Ca are shown, with shaded and open histograms representing SAv-PE-only controls and dsOligo-BT: SAv-PE stained cells, respectively. The dsOligos used for each stain are indicated in the upper right corner of the histograms.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2021

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, 2019

ASCE-ASME J. Risk and Uncert. in Engrg. Sys., Part B: Mech. Engrg., 2019

International Journal of Practice-based Learning in Health and Social Care, 2016

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings

2015 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings

American journal of perinatology, Jan 31, 2015

Studies in Applied Mechanics, 1996

AANA journal, 2008

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013

Women: A Cultural Review, 1991

Nucleic Acids Research, 2012