Saskia Euser - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Saskia Euser

BMC Psychology, 2016

Intervention programs with the aim of enhancing parenting quality have been found to be different... more Intervention programs with the aim of enhancing parenting quality have been found to be differentially effective in decreasing negative child outcomes such as externalizing behavioral problems, resulting in modest overall effect sizes. Here we present the protocol for a randomized controlled trial to examine the efficacy of the Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline for Twin Families (VIPP-Twins) on parenting quality and children&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s behavioral control and social competence. In addition, we aim to test the differential susceptibility theory; we examine differential efficacy of the intervention based on genetic make-up or temperament for both parents and children. Lastly, we explore neurobiological mechanisms underlying intervention effects on children&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s developmental outcomes. The original VIPP-SD was adapted for use in families with twins. The VIPP-Twins consists of five biweekly sessions in which the families are visited at home, parent-child interactions are videotaped and parents receive positive feedback on selected video fragments. Families (N = 225) with a same sex twin (mean age = 3.6 years) were recruited to participate in the study. The study consists of four assessments. After two baseline assessments in year 1 and year 2, a random 40 % of the sample will receive the VIPP-Twins program. The first post-test assessment will be carried out one month after the intervention and there will be a long term follow-up assessment two years after the intervention. Measures include observational assessments of parenting and children&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s social competence and behavioral control, and neurobiological assessments (i.e., hormonal functioning and neural (re-)activity). Results of the study will provide insights in the efficacy of the VIPP-Twins and reveal moderators and mediators of program efficacy. Overall the randomized controlled trial is an experimental test of the differential susceptibility theory. Dutch Trial Register: NTR5312 ; Date registered: July 20, 2015.

BMC public health, Jan 18, 2015

Consistent findings about the effectiveness of parent programs to prevent or reduce child maltrea... more Consistent findings about the effectiveness of parent programs to prevent or reduce child maltreatment are lacking. In the present meta-analysis we synthesized findings from 27 independent samples from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of 20 different intervention programs aimed at (i) preventing the occurrence of child maltreatment in the general population or with at-risk but non-maltreating families, or (ii) reducing the incidence of child maltreatment in maltreating families. A significant combined effect on maltreatment (d = 0.13; N = 4883) disappeared after the trim-and-fill approach that takes into account publication bias against smaller studies without significant outcomes. However, moderator analyses showed that larger effect sizes were found for more recent studies, studies with smaller samples, programs that provide parent training instead of only support, programs that target maltreating instead of at-risk families, and programs with a moderate le...

Tijdschrift voor gezondheidswetenschappen, 2013

ABSTRACT In deze studie (noot a) is onderzocht wat de jaarprevalentie was van kindermishandeling ... more ABSTRACT In deze studie (noot a) is onderzocht wat de jaarprevalentie was van kindermishandeling in 2010, hoe dit getal zich verhoudt tot de prevalentie in 2005 en wat de belangrijkste risicofactoren waren. Ruim 1100 beroepskrachten die in verschillende sectoren met kinderen te maken hebben, is gevraagd alle gevallen van kindermishandeling te rapporteren. Ook zijn alle kinderen geteld die gemeld waren bij de Advies- en Meldpunten Kindermishandeling in 2010. Verder hebben bijna 2000 middelbare scholieren gerapporteerd over mishandeling. De prevalentieschatting op basis van informantenrapportages en AMK-meldingen kwam neer op 34 per 1000 (bijna 119.000) kinderen. De toename (68%) in het aantal AMK-meldingen van 2005-2010 was opvallend. De prevalentieschatting op basis van zelfrapportage was 99 per 1000, hetzelfde aantal als in 2005. Gezinnen met (zeer) laag opgeleide ouders, werkloze ouders, eenoudergezinnen, gezinnen met drie of meer kinderen en stiefgezinnen hadden een groter risico op kindermishandeling. Ook allochtone achtergrond betekende een verhoogd risico. Voor gezinnen van Marokkaanse, Turkse, Surinaamse, of Antilliaanse herkomst viel dat extra risico weg als rekening werd gehouden met het gemiddeld lagere opleidingsniveau. De toegenomen aandacht voor kindermishandeling in de afgelopen jaren heeft geleid tot een toename in het aantal (AMK-)meldingen, maar niet tot een merkbare daling in het aantal slachtoffers. Abstract Child maltreatment in the Netherlands in 2010: The second Netherlands’ Prevalence study on Maltreatment of children and youth (NPM-2010) The current study assesses the year prevalence of child maltreatment in the Netherlands. We estimated the prevalence of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and physical and emotional neglect using different methods: informant-, CPS-, and self-reports. We also tested which family and demographic factors increased the risk for child maltreatment. Results showed that the prevalence, based on both informant-reports and self-reports has not decreased from 2005 to 2010 and that risk factors remained similar. The number of reports to CPS did increase from 2005 to 2010. It is likely that this is the result of increased awareness of the problem. Based on our results, recommendations for policy makers are formulated.

Global health action, Jan 27, 2013

The Pragati programme is an on-going empowerment programme for female sex workers (FSWs) working ... more The Pragati programme is an on-going empowerment programme for female sex workers (FSWs) working and living in Bangalore, India. Pragati aims to reduce transmission of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among FSWs. This study describes the STI incidence rate, contact rate, and condom use during follow-up years. Between April 2005 and November 2010, 20,330 FSWs participated in the programme. Outcome measures were programme exposure (number of contacts per person-year), STI incidence rate, and condom use. All analyses were stratified by year of follow-up. STIs were diagnosed by syndromic case management in either programme or referral clinics. We restricted our analyses to the period between April 2005 and July 2008 (when the majority of STIs were diagnosed in programme clinics), in order to minimise the possible influence of differences in STI diagnosis between clinic types. Results showed a significant increase of programme exposure (p-value for trend<0.001) and a sig...

International Journal of Psychology, 2013

In this study we tested whether children from Dutch-immigrant families are at increased risk for ... more In this study we tested whether children from Dutch-immigrant families are at increased risk for maltreatment, and if so, what factors could explain this risk. Three data sources from the second Netherlands Prevalence Study of Maltreatment of Youth (NPM-2010) were used to answer these questions. First, 1127 professionals from various occupational branches (sentinels) were asked to report each child (including some background information on the child and family) for whom they suspected child maltreatment during a period of three months. Second, we included the 2010 data from the Dutch Child Protective Services and third, 1759 high school students aged 11-17 years filled out a questionnaire on their experiences of maltreatment in the past year. We found that children from traditional immigrant families with a relatively long migration history in the Netherlands (Turkish, Moroccan, Surinamese, and Antillean) and from nontraditional immigrant families (African [except Morocco], Eastern European, Central Asian, and South and Central American; often refugees) were at increased risk for child maltreatment compared to native Dutch families. However, in the professionals&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; and CPS data this risk disappeared for the traditional immigrant families after correction for educational level of the parents and for step-parenthood. Within the group of families with low education or step-parents, the risk for child maltreatment was similar for traditional immigrant families as for native Dutch families. Nontraditional families remained at increased risk after correction for sociodemographic and family factors. In conclusion, we found that children from both traditional and nontraditional immigrant families are at increased risk for maltreatment as compared to children from native Dutch families. For the traditional immigrants this risk could partially be explained by socioeconomic status. This implies that socioeconomic factors should be taken into account when outlining policies to fight child maltreatment.

Child Maltreatment, 2013

We investigated the 2010 year prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) in residential and foster ca... more We investigated the 2010 year prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) in residential and foster care and compared it with prevalence rates in the general population. We used two approaches to estimate the prevalence of CSA. First, 264 professionals working in residential or foster care (sentinels) reported CSA for the children they worked with (N = 6,281). Second, 329 adolescents staying in residential or foster care reported on their own experiences with CSA. Sentinels and adolescents were randomly selected from 82 Dutch out-of-home care facilities. We found that 3.5 per 1,000 children had been victims of CSA based on sentinel reports. In addition, 58 per 1,000 adolescents reported having experienced CSA. Results based on both sentinel report and self-report revealed higher prevalence rates in out-of-home care than in the general population, with the highest prevalence in residential care. Prevalence rates in foster care did not differ from the general population. According to our findings, children and adolescents in residential care are at increased risk of CSA compared to children in foster care. Unfortunately, foster care does not fully protect children against sexual abuse either, and thus its quality needs to be further improved.

Child & Youth Care Forum, 2014

ABSTRACT

Child Abuse & Neglect, 2013

The prevalence of child maltreatment in the Netherlands was in 2005 first systematically examined... more The prevalence of child maltreatment in the Netherlands was in 2005 first systematically examined in the Netherlands&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; Prevalence study on Maltreatment of children and youth (NPM-2005), using sentinel reports and substantiated CPS cases, and in the Pupils on Abuse study (PoA-2005), using high school students&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; self-report. In this second National Prevalence study on Maltreatment (NPM-2010), we used the same three methods to examine the prevalence of child maltreatment in 2010, enabling a cross-time comparison of the prevalence of child maltreatment in the Netherlands. First, 1,127 professionals from various occupational branches (sentinels) reported each child for whom they suspected child maltreatment during a period of three months. Second, we included 22,661 substantiated cases reported in 2010 to the Dutch Child Protective Services. Third, 1,920 high school students aged 12-17 years filled out a questionnaire on their experiences of maltreatment in 2010. The overall prevalence of child maltreatment in the Netherlands in 2010 was 33.8 per 1,000 children based on the combined sentinel and CPS reports and 99.4 per 1,000 adolescents based on self-report. Major risk factors for child maltreatment were parental low education, immigrant status, unemployment, and single parenthood. We found a large increase in CPS-reports, whereas prevalence rates based on sentinel and self-report did not change between 2005 and 2010. Based on these findings a likely conclusion is that the actual number of maltreated children has not increased from 2005 to 2010, but that professionals have become more aware of child maltreatment, and more likely to report cases to CPS.

Physical abuse Maltreatment Out-of-home care Prevalence Self-report Out-of-home placement may not... more Physical abuse Maltreatment Out-of-home care Prevalence Self-report Out-of-home placement may not always protect children against violence or maltreatment. We investigated the prevalence rates of physical abuse of adolescents in different types of out-of-home care, and compared these with the prevalence of physical abuse in the general population, using findings from the Netherlands' Prevalence study of Maltreatment of children and youth (NPM-2010;. Adolescents (N = 329) between 12 and 17 years of age living in residential and foster care reported on their experiences with physical abuse during the year 2010. Twenty-five percent of all participating adolescents experienced physical abuse, which is a nearly three-fold increase in risk compared to the general population. Prevalence rates in residential care, especially in secure care, were significantly higher than in foster care. However, the prevalence of physical abuse in juvenile detention did not differ from either foster care or the general population. Boys reported more physical abuse in out-of-home care than girls. Age, ethnicity, and education did not affect the prevalence of physical abuse. The current findings indicate that children in out-of-home care, and especially in residential care, are not well protected against violence or maltreatment.