R. Schnabel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by R. Schnabel
The Journal of heart valve disease, 2013
Female gender has recently been suggested to predict a beneficial outcome and lower mortality fol... more Female gender has recently been suggested to predict a beneficial outcome and lower mortality following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The study aim was to address gender differences in outcome following TAVI and potentially to replicate these findings. The present single-center prospective registry of 326 patients with severe aortic stenosis treated by TAVI between 2008 and 2011 consisted of 181 women and 145 men. The procedural risk was not significantly different between men and women at baseline. For all-cause mortality no difference was observed at 30 days and at 12 months after TAVI. While several baseline characteristics between men and women treated by TAVI were shown to be different among the study population, no difference was observed in survival between both genders.
The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon, Jan 5, 2014
Background The logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (logEuroSCORE) II w... more Background The logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (logEuroSCORE) II was developed to improve prediction of mortality in cardiac surgery. However, no specific tools are available for risk prediction in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The recently introduced EuroSCORE II was compared with established risk scores. Patients and Methods We assessed 457 consecutive patients (80.5 ± 7.1 years, 52.3% female) undergoing TAVI. Preoperative risk evaluation included logEuroSCORE I, EuroSCORE II, Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), Ambler, and Parsonnet scores. Validity was assessed by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC). Results A 30-day mortality was 9.6% (44/457). Calculated scores were logEuroSCORE I 22.0%, confidence interval (CI) 21.0 to 24.6; EuroSCORE II 7.0%, CI 6.4 to 8.1; STS 7.9%, CI 7.7 to 9.5; Ambler score 6.9%, CI 5.7 to 7.0; and Parsonnet score 23.8%, CI 20.9 to 24.1. ROC analyses demonstrated no predi...
The Astrophysical Journal, 2011
ABSTRACT
The Astrophysical Journal, 2011
ABSTRACT
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2014
OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established procedure in... more OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established procedure in patients with aortic stenosis and high surgical risk. Experience with first-generation transcatheter heart valves (THVs) is broad but limitations, e.g. paravalvular regurgitation, have been demonstrated. Much hope rests on the recently Conformité Européenne mark approved next-generation devices to improve results in these patients. However, apart from the initial approval studies, clinical data with these new devices are still scarce. We aimed to assess short-term outcomes of 200 consecutive patients who underwent transapical TAVI with next-generation THV at our institution.
European Heart Journal, 2008
In primary prevention, the adipocytokine adiponectin seems to be protective against diabetes mell... more In primary prevention, the adipocytokine adiponectin seems to be protective against diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Data in patients with manifest coronary artery disease (CAD) are scant stimulating the investigation of the association of adiponectin concentrations and cardiovascular outcome in a prospective CAD cohort.
ABSTRACT We present a search for periodic gravitational waves from the neutron star in the supern... more ABSTRACT We present a search for periodic gravitational waves from the neutron star in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A. The search coherently analyzes data in a 12 day interval taken from the fifth science run of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. It searches gravitational-wave frequencies from 100 to 300 Hz and covers a wide range of first and second frequency derivatives appropriate for the age of the remnant and for different spin-down mechanisms. No gravitational-wave signal was detected.
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2007
Activation of leukocytes and in particular polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) has emerged as a c... more Activation of leukocytes and in particular polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) has emerged as a critical confounder in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), one of the principal proteins hosted in and secreted by activated PMN, has been mechanistically linked to endothelial and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in rodent models of sepsis and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Whether PMN activation is also overt in patients with LV dysfunction of ischemic and nonischemic origin, however, remains elusive. Prospectively, 447 consecutive, stable outpatients were included in this single-center study. In 113 patients with impaired left ventricular function (ejection fraction <50%; nonischemic cardiomyopathy, n=52; ischemic cardiomyopathy, n=61), MPO plasma levels were elevated (24.5 [IR:15.8-54.0] vs 15.5 [IR:8.9-39.2] ng/ml in controls, P<0.01) as was elastase (111.5 [IR:63.8-233.3] vs 70.5 [IR:45.0-129.0] ng/ml, P<0.01) and NT-proBNP plasma levels (747.4 [IR:216.3-1958.3] vs 264.1 [IR:82.5-671.8] ng/L, P<0.01). Elevation of circulating MPO was irrespective of the etiology of heart failure and independent of traditional confounding variables. No association was observed between MPO -463 promoter polymorphism genotype and LV dysfunction. MPO plasma levels correlated with ejection fraction (P<0.01) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P<0.01), respectively. Myeloperoxidase mRNA expression levels obtained from circulating leukocytes were significantly increased in patients with LV dysfunction. Systemic leukocyte activation with increased transcription of MPO mRNA and augmented release of MPO appears to represent a so far underrecognized characteristic in LV dysfunction, which was revealed to be irrespective of the underlying pathology. Given its potent proinflammatory properties, MPO may represent an important mechanistic link to LV dysfunction and deserves to be evaluated as both marker and therapeutic target in this disease.
The Journal of heart valve disease, 2013
Female gender has recently been suggested to predict a beneficial outcome and lower mortality fol... more Female gender has recently been suggested to predict a beneficial outcome and lower mortality following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The study aim was to address gender differences in outcome following TAVI and potentially to replicate these findings. The present single-center prospective registry of 326 patients with severe aortic stenosis treated by TAVI between 2008 and 2011 consisted of 181 women and 145 men. The procedural risk was not significantly different between men and women at baseline. For all-cause mortality no difference was observed at 30 days and at 12 months after TAVI. While several baseline characteristics between men and women treated by TAVI were shown to be different among the study population, no difference was observed in survival between both genders.
The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon, Jan 5, 2014
Background The logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (logEuroSCORE) II w... more Background The logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (logEuroSCORE) II was developed to improve prediction of mortality in cardiac surgery. However, no specific tools are available for risk prediction in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The recently introduced EuroSCORE II was compared with established risk scores. Patients and Methods We assessed 457 consecutive patients (80.5 ± 7.1 years, 52.3% female) undergoing TAVI. Preoperative risk evaluation included logEuroSCORE I, EuroSCORE II, Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), Ambler, and Parsonnet scores. Validity was assessed by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC). Results A 30-day mortality was 9.6% (44/457). Calculated scores were logEuroSCORE I 22.0%, confidence interval (CI) 21.0 to 24.6; EuroSCORE II 7.0%, CI 6.4 to 8.1; STS 7.9%, CI 7.7 to 9.5; Ambler score 6.9%, CI 5.7 to 7.0; and Parsonnet score 23.8%, CI 20.9 to 24.1. ROC analyses demonstrated no predi...
The Astrophysical Journal, 2011
ABSTRACT
The Astrophysical Journal, 2011
ABSTRACT
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2014
OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established procedure in... more OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established procedure in patients with aortic stenosis and high surgical risk. Experience with first-generation transcatheter heart valves (THVs) is broad but limitations, e.g. paravalvular regurgitation, have been demonstrated. Much hope rests on the recently Conformité Européenne mark approved next-generation devices to improve results in these patients. However, apart from the initial approval studies, clinical data with these new devices are still scarce. We aimed to assess short-term outcomes of 200 consecutive patients who underwent transapical TAVI with next-generation THV at our institution.
European Heart Journal, 2008
In primary prevention, the adipocytokine adiponectin seems to be protective against diabetes mell... more In primary prevention, the adipocytokine adiponectin seems to be protective against diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Data in patients with manifest coronary artery disease (CAD) are scant stimulating the investigation of the association of adiponectin concentrations and cardiovascular outcome in a prospective CAD cohort.
ABSTRACT We present a search for periodic gravitational waves from the neutron star in the supern... more ABSTRACT We present a search for periodic gravitational waves from the neutron star in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A. The search coherently analyzes data in a 12 day interval taken from the fifth science run of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. It searches gravitational-wave frequencies from 100 to 300 Hz and covers a wide range of first and second frequency derivatives appropriate for the age of the remnant and for different spin-down mechanisms. No gravitational-wave signal was detected.
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2007
Activation of leukocytes and in particular polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) has emerged as a c... more Activation of leukocytes and in particular polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) has emerged as a critical confounder in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), one of the principal proteins hosted in and secreted by activated PMN, has been mechanistically linked to endothelial and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in rodent models of sepsis and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Whether PMN activation is also overt in patients with LV dysfunction of ischemic and nonischemic origin, however, remains elusive. Prospectively, 447 consecutive, stable outpatients were included in this single-center study. In 113 patients with impaired left ventricular function (ejection fraction <50%; nonischemic cardiomyopathy, n=52; ischemic cardiomyopathy, n=61), MPO plasma levels were elevated (24.5 [IR:15.8-54.0] vs 15.5 [IR:8.9-39.2] ng/ml in controls, P<0.01) as was elastase (111.5 [IR:63.8-233.3] vs 70.5 [IR:45.0-129.0] ng/ml, P<0.01) and NT-proBNP plasma levels (747.4 [IR:216.3-1958.3] vs 264.1 [IR:82.5-671.8] ng/L, P<0.01). Elevation of circulating MPO was irrespective of the etiology of heart failure and independent of traditional confounding variables. No association was observed between MPO -463 promoter polymorphism genotype and LV dysfunction. MPO plasma levels correlated with ejection fraction (P<0.01) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P<0.01), respectively. Myeloperoxidase mRNA expression levels obtained from circulating leukocytes were significantly increased in patients with LV dysfunction. Systemic leukocyte activation with increased transcription of MPO mRNA and augmented release of MPO appears to represent a so far underrecognized characteristic in LV dysfunction, which was revealed to be irrespective of the underlying pathology. Given its potent proinflammatory properties, MPO may represent an important mechanistic link to LV dysfunction and deserves to be evaluated as both marker and therapeutic target in this disease.