Scott Spreat - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Scott Spreat

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Human Rights Committees in the Review of Restrictive/Aversive Behavior Modification Procedures: A National Survey

Mental Retardation, 1989

Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Comm... more Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Committees in the review of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures. Almost 98% of the responding facilities reported that they had an active Human Rights Committee, with the largest plurality of members being staff members from the facility. Review of restrictive/aversive procedures was a role for over 95% of the committees, even though most committees appeared to lack great degrees of expertise in the clinical use of behavior modification. Other areas of review were discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Características y necesidades de las personas con discapacidad intelectual que tienen CI altos

Siglo Cero Revista Espanola Sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualizando los apoyos y las necesidades de apoyo de personas con discapacidad intelectual

Siglo Cero Revista Espanola Sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Handheld Devices and Video Modeling to Enhance the Learning of Self-Help Skills in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder

OTJR : occupation, participation and health, 2015

The viewing of videos is a much-studied intervention to teach self-help, social, and vocational s... more The viewing of videos is a much-studied intervention to teach self-help, social, and vocational skills. Many of the studies to date looked at video modeling using televisions, computers, and other large screens. This study looked at the use of video modeling on portable handheld devices to teach hand washing to three adolescent students with an autism spectrum disorder. Three students participated in this 4-week study conducted by occupational therapists. Baseline data were obtained for the first student for 1 week, the second for 2 weeks, and the third for 3 weeks; videos were introduced when the participants each finished the baseline phase. Given the cognitive and motor needs of the participants, the occupational therapist set the player so that the participants only had to press the play button to start the video playing. The participants were able to hold the players and view at distances that were most appropriate for their individual needs and preferences. The results suggest...

Research paper thumbnail of Patterns of injury in institutionalized residents

Research paper thumbnail of Safety indices associated with the use of contingent restraint procedures

Applied research in mental retardation, 1986

The safety of four general classes of contingent restraint was evaluated in a sample of 231 insti... more The safety of four general classes of contingent restraint was evaluated in a sample of 231 institutionalized mentally retarded persons. The use of mechanical restraints resulted in a significantly lower injury rate than did personal restraint. The use of restraint in emergency situations was found to be more dangerous than the planned use of such procedures.

Research paper thumbnail of Staff injury rates associated with the implementation of contingent restraint

Mental retardation, 1987

APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Human Rights Committees in the review of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures: a national survey

Mental retardation, 1989

Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Comm... more Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Committees in the review of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures. Almost 98% of the responding facilities reported that they had an active Human Rights Committee, with the largest plurality of members being staff members from the facility. Review of restrictive/aversive procedures was a role for over 95% of the committees, even though most committees appeared to lack great degrees of expertise in the clinical use of behavior modification. Other areas of review were discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of The association for behavior analysis international position statement on restraint and seclusion

The Behavior analyst / MABA, 2011

A task force authorized by the Executive Council of the Association for Behavior Analysis Interna... more A task force authorized by the Executive Council of the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) generated the statement below concerning the techniques called restraint and seclusion. Members of the task force independently reviewed the scientific literature concerning restraint and seclusion and agreed unanimously to the content of the statement. The Executive Council accepted the statement, and it was subsequently approved by a two-thirds majority vote of the general membership. It now constitutes official ABAI policy. The position statement is posted on the ABAI Web site (www.abainternational.org/ABA/statements/RestraintSeclusion.asp). The purpose of the position statement is to provide guidance to behavior analysts and other professionals interested in the position of ABAI on these controversial topics. In extreme cases, abuses of procedures erroneously used in the name of behavior analysis are not defensible. On the other hand, behavior analysts acting ethically ...

Research paper thumbnail of Tranquilizer Reduction Trials in a Residential Program for Persons With Mental Retardation

Psychiatric Services, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Extreme Reduction of Methylphenidate Levels by Carbamazepine

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1998

UK PubMed Central (UKPMC) is an archive of life sciences journal literature.

Research paper thumbnail of Trends in the residential (inpatient) treatment of individuals with a dual diagnosis

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1994

Clinical trends are discussed with respect to the inpatient treatment of individuals with dual di... more Clinical trends are discussed with respect to the inpatient treatment of individuals with dual diagnosis. Identified operant trends include the increased attention on functionally derived treatments and treatments designed for infrequent behaviors.

Research paper thumbnail of Public Policy and the Enhancement of Desired Outcomes for Persons With Intellectual Disability

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2009

1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009 Aug;47(4):307-19. Public policy and the enhancement of desired out... more 1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009 Aug;47(4):307-19. Public policy and the enhancement of desired outcomes for persons with intellectual disability. Shogren KA, Bradley VJ, Gomez SC, Yeager MH, Schalock RL, Borthwick-Duffy ...

Research paper thumbnail of Characteristics and Needs of People With Intellectual Disability Who Have Higher IQs

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of The Intellectual Disability Construct and Its Relation to Human Functioning

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2008

1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2008 Aug;46(4):311-8. The intellectual disability construct and its rel... more 1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2008 Aug;46(4):311-8. The intellectual disability construct and its relation to human functioning. Wehmeyer ML, Buntinx WH, Lachapelle Y, Luckasson RA, Schalock RL, Verdugo MA, Borthwick-Duffy ...

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualizing Supports and the Support Needs of People With Intellectual Disability

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental growth at woodhaven center: An eight year longitudinal study

Evaluation and Program Planning, 1987

Research paper thumbnail of Lithium carbonate for aggression in mentally retarded persons

Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1989

These are the results of a retrospective study in which we reviewed the charts of 38 consecutive ... more These are the results of a retrospective study in which we reviewed the charts of 38 consecutive aggressive mentally retarded persons who were treated with lithium carbonate. All subjects were residents of a university operated program that serves mentally retarded persons with behavioral disorders. Over 63% of these subjects evidenced a greater than 30% reduction in the frequency of aggressiveness subsequent to the start of lithium therapy. Subjects with higher serum lithium levels had a more favorable response to lithium, along with those exhibiting higher levels of hyperactivity and violence before treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of The effectiveness of contingent restraint on aggression, self-injury, and property destruction of institutionalized mentally retarded persons

Behavioral Interventions, 1986

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of A survey of state policies regarding the use of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures

Behavioral Interventions, 1986

ABSTRACT A survey was conducted of the state policies regarding the use of restrictive/ aversive ... more ABSTRACT A survey was conducted of the state policies regarding the use of restrictive/ aversive behavior modification procedures with mentally retarded persons. Policies varied substantially with respect to both scope and length; however, the overwhelming majority required that behavior modification programs be developed through the interdisciplinary planning process. No consistent pattern emerged with respect to the review and approval process for the use of aversive procedures. Approximately 75% of the states appear to permit the use of restraint as a treatment modality. Policies direct only minimal attention to the issue of training staff to implement aversive procedures. From the results of the survey, a model for the use of aversive procedures was developed and is presented.

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Human Rights Committees in the Review of Restrictive/Aversive Behavior Modification Procedures: A National Survey

Mental Retardation, 1989

Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Comm... more Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Committees in the review of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures. Almost 98% of the responding facilities reported that they had an active Human Rights Committee, with the largest plurality of members being staff members from the facility. Review of restrictive/aversive procedures was a role for over 95% of the committees, even though most committees appeared to lack great degrees of expertise in the clinical use of behavior modification. Other areas of review were discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Características y necesidades de las personas con discapacidad intelectual que tienen CI altos

Siglo Cero Revista Espanola Sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualizando los apoyos y las necesidades de apoyo de personas con discapacidad intelectual

Siglo Cero Revista Espanola Sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Handheld Devices and Video Modeling to Enhance the Learning of Self-Help Skills in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder

OTJR : occupation, participation and health, 2015

The viewing of videos is a much-studied intervention to teach self-help, social, and vocational s... more The viewing of videos is a much-studied intervention to teach self-help, social, and vocational skills. Many of the studies to date looked at video modeling using televisions, computers, and other large screens. This study looked at the use of video modeling on portable handheld devices to teach hand washing to three adolescent students with an autism spectrum disorder. Three students participated in this 4-week study conducted by occupational therapists. Baseline data were obtained for the first student for 1 week, the second for 2 weeks, and the third for 3 weeks; videos were introduced when the participants each finished the baseline phase. Given the cognitive and motor needs of the participants, the occupational therapist set the player so that the participants only had to press the play button to start the video playing. The participants were able to hold the players and view at distances that were most appropriate for their individual needs and preferences. The results suggest...

Research paper thumbnail of Patterns of injury in institutionalized residents

Research paper thumbnail of Safety indices associated with the use of contingent restraint procedures

Applied research in mental retardation, 1986

The safety of four general classes of contingent restraint was evaluated in a sample of 231 insti... more The safety of four general classes of contingent restraint was evaluated in a sample of 231 institutionalized mentally retarded persons. The use of mechanical restraints resulted in a significantly lower injury rate than did personal restraint. The use of restraint in emergency situations was found to be more dangerous than the planned use of such procedures.

Research paper thumbnail of Staff injury rates associated with the implementation of contingent restraint

Mental retardation, 1987

APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...

Research paper thumbnail of Role of Human Rights Committees in the review of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures: a national survey

Mental retardation, 1989

Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Comm... more Public residential facilities were surveyed regarding the roles played by their Human Rights Committees in the review of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures. Almost 98% of the responding facilities reported that they had an active Human Rights Committee, with the largest plurality of members being staff members from the facility. Review of restrictive/aversive procedures was a role for over 95% of the committees, even though most committees appeared to lack great degrees of expertise in the clinical use of behavior modification. Other areas of review were discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of The association for behavior analysis international position statement on restraint and seclusion

The Behavior analyst / MABA, 2011

A task force authorized by the Executive Council of the Association for Behavior Analysis Interna... more A task force authorized by the Executive Council of the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) generated the statement below concerning the techniques called restraint and seclusion. Members of the task force independently reviewed the scientific literature concerning restraint and seclusion and agreed unanimously to the content of the statement. The Executive Council accepted the statement, and it was subsequently approved by a two-thirds majority vote of the general membership. It now constitutes official ABAI policy. The position statement is posted on the ABAI Web site (www.abainternational.org/ABA/statements/RestraintSeclusion.asp). The purpose of the position statement is to provide guidance to behavior analysts and other professionals interested in the position of ABAI on these controversial topics. In extreme cases, abuses of procedures erroneously used in the name of behavior analysis are not defensible. On the other hand, behavior analysts acting ethically ...

Research paper thumbnail of Tranquilizer Reduction Trials in a Residential Program for Persons With Mental Retardation

Psychiatric Services, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Extreme Reduction of Methylphenidate Levels by Carbamazepine

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1998

UK PubMed Central (UKPMC) is an archive of life sciences journal literature.

Research paper thumbnail of Trends in the residential (inpatient) treatment of individuals with a dual diagnosis

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1994

Clinical trends are discussed with respect to the inpatient treatment of individuals with dual di... more Clinical trends are discussed with respect to the inpatient treatment of individuals with dual diagnosis. Identified operant trends include the increased attention on functionally derived treatments and treatments designed for infrequent behaviors.

Research paper thumbnail of Public Policy and the Enhancement of Desired Outcomes for Persons With Intellectual Disability

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2009

1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009 Aug;47(4):307-19. Public policy and the enhancement of desired out... more 1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009 Aug;47(4):307-19. Public policy and the enhancement of desired outcomes for persons with intellectual disability. Shogren KA, Bradley VJ, Gomez SC, Yeager MH, Schalock RL, Borthwick-Duffy ...

Research paper thumbnail of Characteristics and Needs of People With Intellectual Disability Who Have Higher IQs

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of The Intellectual Disability Construct and Its Relation to Human Functioning

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2008

1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2008 Aug;46(4):311-8. The intellectual disability construct and its rel... more 1. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2008 Aug;46(4):311-8. The intellectual disability construct and its relation to human functioning. Wehmeyer ML, Buntinx WH, Lachapelle Y, Luckasson RA, Schalock RL, Verdugo MA, Borthwick-Duffy ...

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualizing Supports and the Support Needs of People With Intellectual Disability

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental growth at woodhaven center: An eight year longitudinal study

Evaluation and Program Planning, 1987

Research paper thumbnail of Lithium carbonate for aggression in mentally retarded persons

Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1989

These are the results of a retrospective study in which we reviewed the charts of 38 consecutive ... more These are the results of a retrospective study in which we reviewed the charts of 38 consecutive aggressive mentally retarded persons who were treated with lithium carbonate. All subjects were residents of a university operated program that serves mentally retarded persons with behavioral disorders. Over 63% of these subjects evidenced a greater than 30% reduction in the frequency of aggressiveness subsequent to the start of lithium therapy. Subjects with higher serum lithium levels had a more favorable response to lithium, along with those exhibiting higher levels of hyperactivity and violence before treatment.

Research paper thumbnail of The effectiveness of contingent restraint on aggression, self-injury, and property destruction of institutionalized mentally retarded persons

Behavioral Interventions, 1986

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of A survey of state policies regarding the use of restrictive/aversive behavior modification procedures

Behavioral Interventions, 1986

ABSTRACT A survey was conducted of the state policies regarding the use of restrictive/ aversive ... more ABSTRACT A survey was conducted of the state policies regarding the use of restrictive/ aversive behavior modification procedures with mentally retarded persons. Policies varied substantially with respect to both scope and length; however, the overwhelming majority required that behavior modification programs be developed through the interdisciplinary planning process. No consistent pattern emerged with respect to the review and approval process for the use of aversive procedures. Approximately 75% of the states appear to permit the use of restraint as a treatment modality. Policies direct only minimal attention to the issue of training staff to implement aversive procedures. From the results of the survey, a model for the use of aversive procedures was developed and is presented.