Sebastian Mernild - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sebastian Mernild

Research paper thumbnail of Hydrologisk og morfologisk klassifikation af vandløb og vandløbssystemer

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Research paper thumbnail of Climate-driven fluctuations in freshwater flux to Sermilik Fjord, East Greenland, during the last 4000 years

The …, Jan 1, 2012

ABSTRACT The freshwater runoff from the glaciated and snow-covered Sermilik Fjord catchment, SE G... more ABSTRACT The freshwater runoff from the glaciated and snow-covered Sermilik Fjord catchment, SE Greenland, was estimated at annual resolution for the period 1900–2008 and at decadal resolution for the past four millennia. Our simulations were forced with available meteorological station data (1900–2008) and Greenland ice core estimated temperature data (1899 bc–ad 1980) from Dye3 and GISP2. Time series of estimated ice discharge (2000–2009) for the three major outlet glaciers Helheim, Fenris, and Midgård indicate that 53–74% of the ice discharge variations could be explained by variations in areally averaged glacier terminus surface (supraglacial) runoff. Based on these data and together with calculated subglacial geothermal and frictional melting as well as net precipitation for the fjord area, the Sermilik Fjord freshwater flux was deduced for the period 1900–2008. Our simulations indicated that during the last century surface freshwater runoff has equaled 13% of the Sermilik Fjord average freshwater flux of 33.0±5.7×109 m3/yr, covering a periodic runoff variation of 20 years. Ice discharge has accounted for 81%, with 63% of the freshwater flux originated from the Helheim glacier. This indicates that the Helheim outlet glacier plays a dominant role as a freshwater source to both Sermilik Fjord and ultimately the Irminger Sea. For the palaeorecords of the last 4000 years, simulated surface runoff has averaged 4.4±0.2×109 m3/yr. A very weak decreasing trend in runoff over the last 4 k years (1899 bc–ad 1980) is presumably associated with the general insolation-generated Northern Hemisphere cooling since the Holocene Thermal Maximum. Our simulations furthermore indicated centennial- to submillennial-scale variations in surface runoff concurrent with the well-known climate episodes such as the ‘Roman Warm Period’, the ‘Dark Ages Cold Period’, the ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’, and the ‘Little Ice Age’. During the ‘Little Ice Age’, e.g., the average surface runoff was about 0.7×109 m3/yr lower than today, while the increase in runoff for the Modern Warming, since the late 1800s, was the second strongest and fastest for the last 4 k years.

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Research paper thumbnail of 1 Fluvial Sediment Dynamics and the Importance of Extreme Events-Glacial erosion and sediment transport in the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment, …

IAHS …, Jan 1, 2006

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Research paper thumbnail of Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and trends: 19602010

Journal of Glaciology, Jan 1, 2011

Page 1. Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and trends: 1960–2010 Sebastian H. MERNILD,1 Thom... more Page 1. Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and trends: 1960–2010 Sebastian H. MERNILD,1 Thomas L. MOTE,2 Glen E. LISTON3 1Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling Group, Computational Physics and Methods, Los ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Record 2007 Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and runoff

Eos Trans. AGU, Jan 1, 2009

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Research paper thumbnail of Snow distribution and melt modeling for Mittivakkat Glacier, Ammassalik Island, southeast Greenland

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2006

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Research paper thumbnail of Present-day climate at Zackenberg

Advances in Ecological …, Jan 1, 2008

At Zackenberg (74°30′N, 20°30′W), the polar night lasts 89 days and the polar day 106 days. Durin... more At Zackenberg (74°30′N, 20°30′W), the polar night lasts 89 days and the polar day 106 days. During the polar night, when solar energy is low or equal to zero, radiative cooling of the snow-covered surface leads to monthly mean air temperatures below −20 °C and daily ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Snow‐distribution and melt modelling for glaciers in Zackenberg river drainage basin, north‐eastern Greenland

Hydrological Processes, Jan 1, 2007

Page 1. HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES Hydrol. Process. 21, 3249–3263 (2007) Published online 12 October ... more Page 1. HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES Hydrol. Process. 21, 3249–3263 (2007) Published online 12 October 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/hyp.6500 Snow-distribution and melt modelling for glaciers in ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Water flow through Mittivakkat Glacier, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland

Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of …, Jan 1, 2006

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Research paper thumbnail of Surface Melt Area and Water Balance Modeling on the Greenland Ice Sheet 1995-2005

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2008

... SnowTran-3D simulations have previously been compared against observations in glacier and gla... more ... SnowTran-3D simulations have previously been compared against observations in glacier and glacier-free alpine, Arctic, and Antarctic ... Few quality observations for spatial in situ snow evolution, snow and ice surface melt, and glacier net mass balance are available. ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass‐balance modelling and freshwater flux for 2007, and in a 1995–2007 perspective

Hydrological …, Jan 1, 2009

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Research paper thumbnail of East Greenland freshwater runoff to the Greenland‐Iceland‐Norwegian Seas 1999–2004 and 2071–2100

Hydrological Processes, Jan 1, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Climatic control on river discharge simulations, Zackenberg River drainage basin, northeast Greenland

Hydrological Processes, Jan 1, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Estimation of water balance in and around the Mittivakkat Glacier basin, Ammassalik Island, southeast Greenland

IAHS Publications-Series of …, Jan 1, 2004

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Research paper thumbnail of Climate, glacier mass balance and runoff (1993-2005) for the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland, and in a long term perspective (1898- …

Hydrology …, Jan 1, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Meltwater flux and runoff modeling in the ablation area of Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2010

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Research paper thumbnail of Observed runoff, jokulhlaups and suspended sediment load from the Greenland ice sheet at Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland, 2007 and 2008

Journal of Glaciology, Jan 1, 2009

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Research paper thumbnail of The influence of air temperature inversions on snowmelt and glacier mass balance simulations, Ammassalik Island, southeast Greenland

Journal of Applied Meteorology and …, Jan 1, 2010

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Research paper thumbnail of Climatic conditions at the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment (1994–2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland, and in a 109-year perspective (1898–2006)

… Tidsskrift-Danish Journal …, Jan 1, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Meteorological stations at the Sermilik Station, Southeast Greenland: physical environment and meteorological observations 2002

… Journal of Geography, Jan 1, 2004

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Research paper thumbnail of Hydrologisk og morfologisk klassifikation af vandløb og vandløbssystemer

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Climate-driven fluctuations in freshwater flux to Sermilik Fjord, East Greenland, during the last 4000 years

The …, Jan 1, 2012

ABSTRACT The freshwater runoff from the glaciated and snow-covered Sermilik Fjord catchment, SE G... more ABSTRACT The freshwater runoff from the glaciated and snow-covered Sermilik Fjord catchment, SE Greenland, was estimated at annual resolution for the period 1900–2008 and at decadal resolution for the past four millennia. Our simulations were forced with available meteorological station data (1900–2008) and Greenland ice core estimated temperature data (1899 bc–ad 1980) from Dye3 and GISP2. Time series of estimated ice discharge (2000–2009) for the three major outlet glaciers Helheim, Fenris, and Midgård indicate that 53–74% of the ice discharge variations could be explained by variations in areally averaged glacier terminus surface (supraglacial) runoff. Based on these data and together with calculated subglacial geothermal and frictional melting as well as net precipitation for the fjord area, the Sermilik Fjord freshwater flux was deduced for the period 1900–2008. Our simulations indicated that during the last century surface freshwater runoff has equaled 13% of the Sermilik Fjord average freshwater flux of 33.0±5.7×109 m3/yr, covering a periodic runoff variation of 20 years. Ice discharge has accounted for 81%, with 63% of the freshwater flux originated from the Helheim glacier. This indicates that the Helheim outlet glacier plays a dominant role as a freshwater source to both Sermilik Fjord and ultimately the Irminger Sea. For the palaeorecords of the last 4000 years, simulated surface runoff has averaged 4.4±0.2×109 m3/yr. A very weak decreasing trend in runoff over the last 4 k years (1899 bc–ad 1980) is presumably associated with the general insolation-generated Northern Hemisphere cooling since the Holocene Thermal Maximum. Our simulations furthermore indicated centennial- to submillennial-scale variations in surface runoff concurrent with the well-known climate episodes such as the ‘Roman Warm Period’, the ‘Dark Ages Cold Period’, the ‘Medieval Climate Anomaly’, and the ‘Little Ice Age’. During the ‘Little Ice Age’, e.g., the average surface runoff was about 0.7×109 m3/yr lower than today, while the increase in runoff for the Modern Warming, since the late 1800s, was the second strongest and fastest for the last 4 k years.

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Research paper thumbnail of 1 Fluvial Sediment Dynamics and the Importance of Extreme Events-Glacial erosion and sediment transport in the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment, …

IAHS …, Jan 1, 2006

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and trends: 19602010

Journal of Glaciology, Jan 1, 2011

Page 1. Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and trends: 1960–2010 Sebastian H. MERNILD,1 Thom... more Page 1. Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and trends: 1960–2010 Sebastian H. MERNILD,1 Thomas L. MOTE,2 Glen E. LISTON3 1Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling Group, Computational Physics and Methods, Los ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Record 2007 Greenland ice sheet surface melt extent and runoff

Eos Trans. AGU, Jan 1, 2009

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Snow distribution and melt modeling for Mittivakkat Glacier, Ammassalik Island, southeast Greenland

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2006

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Present-day climate at Zackenberg

Advances in Ecological …, Jan 1, 2008

At Zackenberg (74°30′N, 20°30′W), the polar night lasts 89 days and the polar day 106 days. Durin... more At Zackenberg (74°30′N, 20°30′W), the polar night lasts 89 days and the polar day 106 days. During the polar night, when solar energy is low or equal to zero, radiative cooling of the snow-covered surface leads to monthly mean air temperatures below −20 °C and daily ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Snow‐distribution and melt modelling for glaciers in Zackenberg river drainage basin, north‐eastern Greenland

Hydrological Processes, Jan 1, 2007

Page 1. HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES Hydrol. Process. 21, 3249–3263 (2007) Published online 12 October ... more Page 1. HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES Hydrol. Process. 21, 3249–3263 (2007) Published online 12 October 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/hyp.6500 Snow-distribution and melt modelling for glaciers in ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Water flow through Mittivakkat Glacier, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland

Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of …, Jan 1, 2006

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Surface Melt Area and Water Balance Modeling on the Greenland Ice Sheet 1995-2005

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2008

... SnowTran-3D simulations have previously been compared against observations in glacier and gla... more ... SnowTran-3D simulations have previously been compared against observations in glacier and glacier-free alpine, Arctic, and Antarctic ... Few quality observations for spatial in situ snow evolution, snow and ice surface melt, and glacier net mass balance are available. ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass‐balance modelling and freshwater flux for 2007, and in a 1995–2007 perspective

Hydrological …, Jan 1, 2009

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of East Greenland freshwater runoff to the Greenland‐Iceland‐Norwegian Seas 1999–2004 and 2071–2100

Hydrological Processes, Jan 1, 2008

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Climatic control on river discharge simulations, Zackenberg River drainage basin, northeast Greenland

Hydrological Processes, Jan 1, 2008

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Estimation of water balance in and around the Mittivakkat Glacier basin, Ammassalik Island, southeast Greenland

IAHS Publications-Series of …, Jan 1, 2004

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Research paper thumbnail of Climate, glacier mass balance and runoff (1993-2005) for the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland, and in a long term perspective (1898- …

Hydrology …, Jan 1, 2008

RefDoc Bienvenue - Welcome. Refdoc est un service / is powered by. ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Meltwater flux and runoff modeling in the ablation area of Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland

Journal of …, Jan 1, 2010

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Observed runoff, jokulhlaups and suspended sediment load from the Greenland ice sheet at Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland, 2007 and 2008

Journal of Glaciology, Jan 1, 2009

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The influence of air temperature inversions on snowmelt and glacier mass balance simulations, Ammassalik Island, southeast Greenland

Journal of Applied Meteorology and …, Jan 1, 2010

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Climatic conditions at the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment (1994–2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland, and in a 109-year perspective (1898–2006)

… Tidsskrift-Danish Journal …, Jan 1, 2008

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Meteorological stations at the Sermilik Station, Southeast Greenland: physical environment and meteorological observations 2002

… Journal of Geography, Jan 1, 2004

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact