Sebastian Orellana - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by Sebastian Orellana
Virtual Concert Series BankUnited, in collaboration with Lynn University\u27s Conservatory of Mus... more Virtual Concert Series BankUnited, in collaboration with Lynn University\u27s Conservatory of Music, presents Dean\u27s Showcase—a series of concerts that spotlight various solo and chamber works by faculty-selected students.https://spiral.lynn.edu/conservatory_deansshowcase/1079/thumbnail.jp
Background: To determine the utility of primary circulating prostate cells (CPC) for predicting e... more Background: To determine the utility of primary circulating prostate cells (CPC) for predicting early biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer and compare the results with the Walz nomogram. Materials and Methods: A single centre prospective study of men with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy was conducted between 2004 and 2014. Clinical-pathological details were registered, along with total serum PSA pre-surgery, Gleason score, extracapsular extension, positive surgical margins, infiltration of lymph nodes, seminal vesicles and pathological stage. Primary circulating prostate cells were obtained using differential gel centrifugation and detected using standard immunocytochemistry with anti-PSA. Biochemical failure was defined as a PSA >0.2ng/ml, predictive values were calculated using the Walz nomagram and CPC detection. Results: A total of 285 men participated, of whom 103/285 (36.1%) suffered biochemcial failure; 32/103 (31.1%) within two years of radical prostatectomy. Men with higher Gleason scores, higher pathological stage, infiltration of the surgical margin or prostate capsule and infiltration of seminal vesicles were more likely to undergo biochemical failure. There was a significant increase in the frequency of biochemical failure with increasing number of CPCs detected (p<0.0004 Chi squared for trend) and increasing percent prediction for the Walz nomogram (p<0.0001 Chi squared for trends). The positive predictive value of primary CPC detection, even using a cutoff point of ≥ 4 cells/sample was very low. Conclusions: The detection of primary CPCs in men as a prognostic factor pre-treatment fails to identify those at high risk of biochemical failure within two years of curative therapy. This is in keeping with their biological significance, that the majority of them will be eliminated by the primary therapy and thus have no influence on the subsequent clinical history of the patient.
So as to for example improve the ohmic contact between two metal parts (10, 20) located at a leve... more So as to for example improve the ohmic contact between two metal parts (10, 20) located at a level of metallization (M3), one team these two parts of two offset vias (101, 201) located at metallization (M3) and at least partially at vias (V3) immediately above. Each via remote includes for example a stainless compound or stainless almost as a barrier layer Ti / TiN.
Urologic oncology, Oct 2, 2016
To establish a prediction model for early biochemical failure based on the Cancer of the Prostate... more To establish a prediction model for early biochemical failure based on the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score, the presence or absence of primary circulating prostate cells (CPC) and the number of primary CPC (nCPC)/8ml blood sample is detected before surgery. A prospective single-center study of men who underwent radical prostatectomy as monotherapy for prostate cancer. Clinical-pathological findings were used to calculate the CAPRA score. Before surgery blood was taken for CPC detection, mononuclear cells were obtained using differential gel centrifugation, and CPCs identified using immunocytochemistry. A CPC was defined as a cell expressing prostate-specific antigen and P504S, and the presence or absence of CPCs and the number of cells detected/8ml blood sample was registered. Patients were followed up for up to 5 years; biochemical failure was defined as a prostate-specific antigen>0.2ng/ml. The validity of the CAPRA score was calibrated using partial valida...
2014 15th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Mulit-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE), 2014
ABSTRACT A freestanding cross-shaped structure designed as a planar rotation stress sensor [1], [... more ABSTRACT A freestanding cross-shaped structure designed as a planar rotation stress sensor [1], [2], [3] is manufactured using standard CMOS technology (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor). The fabrication process induces thermal residual stresses which result in out-of-plane bending, which degrades the device reliability and precision. To control such movements, the design was studied under stress compensation using a bilayered aluminum (Al) / titanium nitride (TiN) structure. Likewise, a single layer of aluminum was studied, to determine a technological solution, with better compatibility. Fabrication stresses have been measured using Stoney's formula based on bending of full-wafer coatings. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to model the effect of these stresses on the geometry after release, and the results are compared with measurements. For this purpose, a comb-shaped structure has been designed to relate residual stress in a freestanding Al-TiN bi-layered structure with its bending. Based on this, conservation or elimination of TiN layer is judged, so that the design remains planar after release. The model is then applied to the movement of the cross-shaped sensor after release, and a second optimization variable is studied for maximum sensitivity: the shape of the hinge between the two arms of the cross.
2014 Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (DTIP), 2014
A metallic in-situ stress sensor is modified to address electrical polarization and thus to local... more A metallic in-situ stress sensor is modified to address electrical polarization and thus to locally heat this sensor by Joule effect. By coupling SEM electrical nano-probing with analytical modeling and multiphysics Finite Element Method (FEM), the thermo-mechanical properties are identified. As a result, a tensile stress state of 190 MPa, coefficient of thermal expansion of 22.5×10-6 K-1 and thermal conductivity of 190 W/(K·m) are identified in the aluminum thin film in agreement with literature. Moreover, high current induces irreversible deformation and breaking. Using multiphysics FE model with identified thermo-mechanical properties, the failure of the sensor under electrical solicitation is investigated. The evolution of local temperature and mechanical deformation on different sensor designs allows the determination of the breaking location and condition.
Microelectronics Reliability, 2015
A new concept of a thermo-mechanical lateral switch activation is proposed. Embedded in standard ... more A new concept of a thermo-mechanical lateral switch activation is proposed. Embedded in standard aluminium BEOL (Back End Of Line), it is fully integrated in CMOS technology. The simplicity of this low cost one-mask fabrication allows the straightforward scalability of design. Most functional problems have been solved through process, simulation and design: stiction, bending, displacement, and robustness. The present study of a thermo-mechanical MEMS switch focuses on three points. Firstly, the design is modified to increase the apparent area contact and the force applied. Secondly, in order to ensure the reversibility of the movement, a running-in step before operation is implemented. Finally, a new design is proposed, simulated and manufactured to avoid the undesirable activations by spurious homogeneous heating.
Microelectronic Engineering, 2014
In the context of Back-End of Line (BEoL) roadmap, dimension reduces, density integration increas... more In the context of Back-End of Line (BEoL) roadmap, dimension reduces, density integration increases and new materials are introduced. These points associated to manufacturing thermal budget could induce mechanical failures. Thus, a metallic in situ sensor was developed to study residual stress on a single metal level: using standard CMOS BEoL processing on 8 00 silicon wafer, aluminum thin film is patterned on dielectric layer. The sensor is composed by arms and a flexible beam that are fixed to anchors. As the structure is released from its surrounding layer, the relaxation of residual stress induces a displacement of flexible beam. Therefore, the measurement of this displacement allows determining the initial residual stress. Using this structure, the purpose of this paper is not only to determine the residual stress state, but also the thermo-mechanical properties: coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. For that reason, new designs are released to address electrical polarization and thus to locally heat this sensor by Joule effect. Due to thermal expansion, the flexible beam will move. The thermo-mechanical properties were determined by coupling SEM electrical nano-probing (displacement of flexible beam and electrical resistance as a function of applied current) with analytical modeling and Multi-physics Finite Element Method (FEM). As a result, a tensile stress state of 190 MPa in arm direction is identified in the aluminum thin film. The coefficient of thermal expansion of 22.5 Â 10 À6 K À1 and thermal conductivity of 190 W/(K m) were identified, in agreement with literature.
Virtual Concert Series BankUnited, in collaboration with Lynn University\u27s Conservatory of Mus... more Virtual Concert Series BankUnited, in collaboration with Lynn University\u27s Conservatory of Music, presents Dean\u27s Showcase—a series of concerts that spotlight various solo and chamber works by faculty-selected students.https://spiral.lynn.edu/conservatory_deansshowcase/1079/thumbnail.jp
Background: To determine the utility of primary circulating prostate cells (CPC) for predicting e... more Background: To determine the utility of primary circulating prostate cells (CPC) for predicting early biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer and compare the results with the Walz nomogram. Materials and Methods: A single centre prospective study of men with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy was conducted between 2004 and 2014. Clinical-pathological details were registered, along with total serum PSA pre-surgery, Gleason score, extracapsular extension, positive surgical margins, infiltration of lymph nodes, seminal vesicles and pathological stage. Primary circulating prostate cells were obtained using differential gel centrifugation and detected using standard immunocytochemistry with anti-PSA. Biochemical failure was defined as a PSA >0.2ng/ml, predictive values were calculated using the Walz nomagram and CPC detection. Results: A total of 285 men participated, of whom 103/285 (36.1%) suffered biochemcial failure; 32/103 (31.1%) within two years of radical prostatectomy. Men with higher Gleason scores, higher pathological stage, infiltration of the surgical margin or prostate capsule and infiltration of seminal vesicles were more likely to undergo biochemical failure. There was a significant increase in the frequency of biochemical failure with increasing number of CPCs detected (p<0.0004 Chi squared for trend) and increasing percent prediction for the Walz nomogram (p<0.0001 Chi squared for trends). The positive predictive value of primary CPC detection, even using a cutoff point of ≥ 4 cells/sample was very low. Conclusions: The detection of primary CPCs in men as a prognostic factor pre-treatment fails to identify those at high risk of biochemical failure within two years of curative therapy. This is in keeping with their biological significance, that the majority of them will be eliminated by the primary therapy and thus have no influence on the subsequent clinical history of the patient.
So as to for example improve the ohmic contact between two metal parts (10, 20) located at a leve... more So as to for example improve the ohmic contact between two metal parts (10, 20) located at a level of metallization (M3), one team these two parts of two offset vias (101, 201) located at metallization (M3) and at least partially at vias (V3) immediately above. Each via remote includes for example a stainless compound or stainless almost as a barrier layer Ti / TiN.
Urologic oncology, Oct 2, 2016
To establish a prediction model for early biochemical failure based on the Cancer of the Prostate... more To establish a prediction model for early biochemical failure based on the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score, the presence or absence of primary circulating prostate cells (CPC) and the number of primary CPC (nCPC)/8ml blood sample is detected before surgery. A prospective single-center study of men who underwent radical prostatectomy as monotherapy for prostate cancer. Clinical-pathological findings were used to calculate the CAPRA score. Before surgery blood was taken for CPC detection, mononuclear cells were obtained using differential gel centrifugation, and CPCs identified using immunocytochemistry. A CPC was defined as a cell expressing prostate-specific antigen and P504S, and the presence or absence of CPCs and the number of cells detected/8ml blood sample was registered. Patients were followed up for up to 5 years; biochemical failure was defined as a prostate-specific antigen>0.2ng/ml. The validity of the CAPRA score was calibrated using partial valida...
2014 15th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Mulit-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE), 2014
ABSTRACT A freestanding cross-shaped structure designed as a planar rotation stress sensor [1], [... more ABSTRACT A freestanding cross-shaped structure designed as a planar rotation stress sensor [1], [2], [3] is manufactured using standard CMOS technology (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor). The fabrication process induces thermal residual stresses which result in out-of-plane bending, which degrades the device reliability and precision. To control such movements, the design was studied under stress compensation using a bilayered aluminum (Al) / titanium nitride (TiN) structure. Likewise, a single layer of aluminum was studied, to determine a technological solution, with better compatibility. Fabrication stresses have been measured using Stoney's formula based on bending of full-wafer coatings. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to model the effect of these stresses on the geometry after release, and the results are compared with measurements. For this purpose, a comb-shaped structure has been designed to relate residual stress in a freestanding Al-TiN bi-layered structure with its bending. Based on this, conservation or elimination of TiN layer is judged, so that the design remains planar after release. The model is then applied to the movement of the cross-shaped sensor after release, and a second optimization variable is studied for maximum sensitivity: the shape of the hinge between the two arms of the cross.
2014 Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (DTIP), 2014
A metallic in-situ stress sensor is modified to address electrical polarization and thus to local... more A metallic in-situ stress sensor is modified to address electrical polarization and thus to locally heat this sensor by Joule effect. By coupling SEM electrical nano-probing with analytical modeling and multiphysics Finite Element Method (FEM), the thermo-mechanical properties are identified. As a result, a tensile stress state of 190 MPa, coefficient of thermal expansion of 22.5×10-6 K-1 and thermal conductivity of 190 W/(K·m) are identified in the aluminum thin film in agreement with literature. Moreover, high current induces irreversible deformation and breaking. Using multiphysics FE model with identified thermo-mechanical properties, the failure of the sensor under electrical solicitation is investigated. The evolution of local temperature and mechanical deformation on different sensor designs allows the determination of the breaking location and condition.
Microelectronics Reliability, 2015
A new concept of a thermo-mechanical lateral switch activation is proposed. Embedded in standard ... more A new concept of a thermo-mechanical lateral switch activation is proposed. Embedded in standard aluminium BEOL (Back End Of Line), it is fully integrated in CMOS technology. The simplicity of this low cost one-mask fabrication allows the straightforward scalability of design. Most functional problems have been solved through process, simulation and design: stiction, bending, displacement, and robustness. The present study of a thermo-mechanical MEMS switch focuses on three points. Firstly, the design is modified to increase the apparent area contact and the force applied. Secondly, in order to ensure the reversibility of the movement, a running-in step before operation is implemented. Finally, a new design is proposed, simulated and manufactured to avoid the undesirable activations by spurious homogeneous heating.
Microelectronic Engineering, 2014
In the context of Back-End of Line (BEoL) roadmap, dimension reduces, density integration increas... more In the context of Back-End of Line (BEoL) roadmap, dimension reduces, density integration increases and new materials are introduced. These points associated to manufacturing thermal budget could induce mechanical failures. Thus, a metallic in situ sensor was developed to study residual stress on a single metal level: using standard CMOS BEoL processing on 8 00 silicon wafer, aluminum thin film is patterned on dielectric layer. The sensor is composed by arms and a flexible beam that are fixed to anchors. As the structure is released from its surrounding layer, the relaxation of residual stress induces a displacement of flexible beam. Therefore, the measurement of this displacement allows determining the initial residual stress. Using this structure, the purpose of this paper is not only to determine the residual stress state, but also the thermo-mechanical properties: coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. For that reason, new designs are released to address electrical polarization and thus to locally heat this sensor by Joule effect. Due to thermal expansion, the flexible beam will move. The thermo-mechanical properties were determined by coupling SEM electrical nano-probing (displacement of flexible beam and electrical resistance as a function of applied current) with analytical modeling and Multi-physics Finite Element Method (FEM). As a result, a tensile stress state of 190 MPa in arm direction is identified in the aluminum thin film. The coefficient of thermal expansion of 22.5 Â 10 À6 K À1 and thermal conductivity of 190 W/(K m) were identified, in agreement with literature.