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Papers by Sehand K Kamaluldeen Arif

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancing COVID-19 Detection Accuracy: Optimal Gene Combinations, Kit Performance, and Reliable Detection Intervals

UHD journal of science and technology, Mar 11, 2024

found across human, mammal, and bird samples. Human coronaviruses fall into alpha and beta specie... more found across human, mammal, and bird samples. Human coronaviruses fall into alpha and beta species [1]. Following 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-CoV, and the initial SARS-CoV outbreaks, SARS-CoV-2 marks the eighth known coronavirus to impact human populations [2]. The SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002-2003 stemmed from class B beta-coronaviruses originating from bats, whereas the MERS resulted from a class C beta-coronavirus linked to camels in 2012 and beyond [3]. The pneumonia case identified in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, initially attributed to a coronavirus due to respiratory symptoms, was designated as severe acute respiratory SARS-CoV-2 by the World Health Organization [4], [5].

Research paper thumbnail of Genotyping of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates in Sulaimani City using Pulsed -Field Gel Electrophoresis

Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science, Feb 25, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using prodigiosin and evaluating its antibacterial activity against biofilm producing MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii

A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This micr... more A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used for characterization of TiO2 NPs. Antimicrobial activity of TiO2 NPs was examined by well diffusion assay using concentration of 0.4-0.006 mg/ml. The studied isolate was beta-lactamase producer and showed resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, furanes and trimethoprim/ sulphonamide, PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes was used for detection of A baumannii. The selected isolate was a strong biofilm producer with 5.9 times more than the OD values of the control. Atomic force microscopy images showed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were in spherical shape with an average diameter of 67.49 nm. The TiO2 NPs inhibited the bacterial growth at concentrations of ≥ 0.1mg/ ml and a maximum zone of inhibition recorded was 22 mm at concentration of 0.4 mg/ ml. Biosynthesis of TiO2 NPs using prodigiosin was showed a promising antibacterial activity against strong biofilm producing MDR-A. baumannii.

Research paper thumbnail of Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using prodigiosin and evaluating its antibacterial activity against biofilm producing MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii

A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This micr... more A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used for characterization of TiO2 NPs. Antimicrobial activity of TiO2 NPs was examined by well diffusion assay using concentration of 0.4-0.006 mg/ml. The studied isolate was beta-lactamase producer and showed resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, furanes and trimethoprim/ sulphonamide, PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes was used for detection of A baumannii. The selected isolate was a strong biofilm producer with 5.9 times more than the OD values of the control. Atomic force microscopy images showed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were in spherical shape with an average diameter of 67.49 nm. The TiO2 NPs inhibited the bacterial growth at concentrations of ≥ 0.1mg/ ml and a maximum zone of inhibition recorded was 22 mm at concentration of 0.4 mg/ ml. Biosynthesis of TiO2 NPs using prodigiosin was showed a promising antibacterial activity against strong biofilm producing MDR-A. baumannii.

Research paper thumbnail of Polymorphisms of the QTL Region Associated with Shank Feathering in Chicken

Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research

A total of twenty-six local chickens were representing shank feathering and non-feathering shank ... more A total of twenty-six local chickens were representing shank feathering and non-feathering shank were used to sequence five QTLs, which associated with shank feather trait in chicken. The five location sequence results were shown polymorphism between the shank feathering and nonfeathering shank. All the candidate markers were differed between the shank feather and nonfeathering shank. The big distance was in (ADL221), and the less distance was in marker MCW315.

Research paper thumbnail of Estimation of Genetic Diversity in Four Genetic Groups of Local Kurdish Chicken Using RAPD-PCR

Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2020

The current study conducted to detect the genetic diversity between four genetic groups of Kurdis... more The current study conducted to detect the genetic diversity between four genetic groups of Kurdish local chicken using RAPD-PCR technique. Ten random markers used to amplified DNA were selected for genotyping the four lines. One hundred twenty four polymorphic bands were amplified, the bands size ranged between (2500 and 100 bp). The primer (OPA-05, OPA-18) produced maximum number of polymorphic bands, while primers named (OPA-16) produced minimum number of polymorphic bands. The (WNFS) genetic group showed the highest number of amplified fragments (55) for both male and female (30), (25) respectively. While (BBN) genetic group showed the lowest number of amplified fragments (20) for both male and female (7), (13) respectively. According to the results obtained from the current study, it can be conclude that the four genetic groups differ genetically. Moreover the results will help the breeders to study new selection strategies between the four genetic groups.

Research paper thumbnail of Inhibition of Microbial Biofilm on Different Surfaces Treated with Biosurfactant from Lactobacillus spp

Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 2012

Background: The use and potential commercial application of biosurfactants in the medical field h... more Background: The use and potential commercial application of biosurfactants in the medical field has increased during the past decade. Their antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities make them relevant molecules for applications in combating many diseases and as therapeutic agents. In addition, their role as antiadhesive agents against several pathogens indicates their utility as suitable anti-adhesive coating agents for medical insertional materials leading to a reduction in a large number of hospital infections. In the present study the ability of the Lactobacillus acidophilus biosurfactant to inhibit the Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on Foley catheter and microtiter plate wells were investigated. Materials and Methods: The surfaces were coated with biosurfactant solution, subsequently the tested bacteria were inoculated to the surfaces. Quantification of biofilm was performed by a spectrophotometric method (measuring the optical density (OD540)), which measures the total biofilm biomass, including bacterial cells and extracellular matrix. Results: The amounts of biofilm were determined after 24 hr of incubation. biosurfactant layers caused a marked inhibition of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation on microtiter plate well (OD= 0.227) and Foley catheter (OD= 0.112) compare with uncoated surfaces (OD= 0.439, 0.297 respectively), similar antiadhesive activity were obtained on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm, as the amount of biofilm formation on microtiter plate well (OD=0.118) and Foley catheter (OD=0.099) were reduced markedly when compare with uncoated surface (OD=0.213,0.188 respectively). The biofilm amount formed by Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were reduced by 48.2% and 44.6 % on microtiter plate wells and 62.2% and 47.3% on Foley catheter respectively, after coating those surfaces by biosurfactants. Conclusions: Biosurfactants have the potential to be used as a preventive strategy to delay the onset of pathogenic biofilm growth on catheters and other materials, thus may lowering the large number of hospital infections without the use of synthetic drugs and chemicals.

Research paper thumbnail of Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using prodigiosin and evaluating its antibacterial activity against biofilm producing MDR- Acinetobacter baumannii

Keywards: A. baumannii, Antimicrobial activity, Biofilm, Prodigiosin, TiO2 nanoparticles A rising... more Keywards: A. baumannii, Antimicrobial activity, Biofilm, Prodigiosin, TiO2 nanoparticles A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of Different Categories of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stool Samples by Using Multiplex PCR Technique

... Title: Identification of Different Categories of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stool Samp... more ... Title: Identification of Different Categories of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stool Samples by Using Multiplex PCR Technique. Author: Sehand K. Arif ; layla IF Salih. ... E. coli were isolated and diagnosed using set of conventional biochemical tests and API 20E system. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancing COVID-19 Detection Accuracy: Optimal Gene Combinations, Kit Performance, and Reliable Detection Intervals

UHD journal of science and technology, Mar 11, 2024

found across human, mammal, and bird samples. Human coronaviruses fall into alpha and beta specie... more found across human, mammal, and bird samples. Human coronaviruses fall into alpha and beta species [1]. Following 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-CoV, and the initial SARS-CoV outbreaks, SARS-CoV-2 marks the eighth known coronavirus to impact human populations [2]. The SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002-2003 stemmed from class B beta-coronaviruses originating from bats, whereas the MERS resulted from a class C beta-coronavirus linked to camels in 2012 and beyond [3]. The pneumonia case identified in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, initially attributed to a coronavirus due to respiratory symptoms, was designated as severe acute respiratory SARS-CoV-2 by the World Health Organization [4], [5].

Research paper thumbnail of Genotyping of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates in Sulaimani City using Pulsed -Field Gel Electrophoresis

Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science, Feb 25, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using prodigiosin and evaluating its antibacterial activity against biofilm producing MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii

A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This micr... more A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used for characterization of TiO2 NPs. Antimicrobial activity of TiO2 NPs was examined by well diffusion assay using concentration of 0.4-0.006 mg/ml. The studied isolate was beta-lactamase producer and showed resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, furanes and trimethoprim/ sulphonamide, PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes was used for detection of A baumannii. The selected isolate was a strong biofilm producer with 5.9 times more than the OD values of the control. Atomic force microscopy images showed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were in spherical shape with an average diameter of 67.49 nm. The TiO2 NPs inhibited the bacterial growth at concentrations of ≥ 0.1mg/ ml and a maximum zone of inhibition recorded was 22 mm at concentration of 0.4 mg/ ml. Biosynthesis of TiO2 NPs using prodigiosin was showed a promising antibacterial activity against strong biofilm producing MDR-A. baumannii.

Research paper thumbnail of Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using prodigiosin and evaluating its antibacterial activity against biofilm producing MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii

A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This micr... more A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used for characterization of TiO2 NPs. Antimicrobial activity of TiO2 NPs was examined by well diffusion assay using concentration of 0.4-0.006 mg/ml. The studied isolate was beta-lactamase producer and showed resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, furanes and trimethoprim/ sulphonamide, PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes was used for detection of A baumannii. The selected isolate was a strong biofilm producer with 5.9 times more than the OD values of the control. Atomic force microscopy images showed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were in spherical shape with an average diameter of 67.49 nm. The TiO2 NPs inhibited the bacterial growth at concentrations of ≥ 0.1mg/ ml and a maximum zone of inhibition recorded was 22 mm at concentration of 0.4 mg/ ml. Biosynthesis of TiO2 NPs using prodigiosin was showed a promising antibacterial activity against strong biofilm producing MDR-A. baumannii.

Research paper thumbnail of Polymorphisms of the QTL Region Associated with Shank Feathering in Chicken

Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research

A total of twenty-six local chickens were representing shank feathering and non-feathering shank ... more A total of twenty-six local chickens were representing shank feathering and non-feathering shank were used to sequence five QTLs, which associated with shank feather trait in chicken. The five location sequence results were shown polymorphism between the shank feathering and nonfeathering shank. All the candidate markers were differed between the shank feather and nonfeathering shank. The big distance was in (ADL221), and the less distance was in marker MCW315.

Research paper thumbnail of Estimation of Genetic Diversity in Four Genetic Groups of Local Kurdish Chicken Using RAPD-PCR

Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2020

The current study conducted to detect the genetic diversity between four genetic groups of Kurdis... more The current study conducted to detect the genetic diversity between four genetic groups of Kurdish local chicken using RAPD-PCR technique. Ten random markers used to amplified DNA were selected for genotyping the four lines. One hundred twenty four polymorphic bands were amplified, the bands size ranged between (2500 and 100 bp). The primer (OPA-05, OPA-18) produced maximum number of polymorphic bands, while primers named (OPA-16) produced minimum number of polymorphic bands. The (WNFS) genetic group showed the highest number of amplified fragments (55) for both male and female (30), (25) respectively. While (BBN) genetic group showed the lowest number of amplified fragments (20) for both male and female (7), (13) respectively. According to the results obtained from the current study, it can be conclude that the four genetic groups differ genetically. Moreover the results will help the breeders to study new selection strategies between the four genetic groups.

Research paper thumbnail of Inhibition of Microbial Biofilm on Different Surfaces Treated with Biosurfactant from Lactobacillus spp

Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 2012

Background: The use and potential commercial application of biosurfactants in the medical field h... more Background: The use and potential commercial application of biosurfactants in the medical field has increased during the past decade. Their antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities make them relevant molecules for applications in combating many diseases and as therapeutic agents. In addition, their role as antiadhesive agents against several pathogens indicates their utility as suitable anti-adhesive coating agents for medical insertional materials leading to a reduction in a large number of hospital infections. In the present study the ability of the Lactobacillus acidophilus biosurfactant to inhibit the Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on Foley catheter and microtiter plate wells were investigated. Materials and Methods: The surfaces were coated with biosurfactant solution, subsequently the tested bacteria were inoculated to the surfaces. Quantification of biofilm was performed by a spectrophotometric method (measuring the optical density (OD540)), which measures the total biofilm biomass, including bacterial cells and extracellular matrix. Results: The amounts of biofilm were determined after 24 hr of incubation. biosurfactant layers caused a marked inhibition of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation on microtiter plate well (OD= 0.227) and Foley catheter (OD= 0.112) compare with uncoated surfaces (OD= 0.439, 0.297 respectively), similar antiadhesive activity were obtained on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm, as the amount of biofilm formation on microtiter plate well (OD=0.118) and Foley catheter (OD=0.099) were reduced markedly when compare with uncoated surface (OD=0.213,0.188 respectively). The biofilm amount formed by Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were reduced by 48.2% and 44.6 % on microtiter plate wells and 62.2% and 47.3% on Foley catheter respectively, after coating those surfaces by biosurfactants. Conclusions: Biosurfactants have the potential to be used as a preventive strategy to delay the onset of pathogenic biofilm growth on catheters and other materials, thus may lowering the large number of hospital infections without the use of synthetic drugs and chemicals.

Research paper thumbnail of Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using prodigiosin and evaluating its antibacterial activity against biofilm producing MDR- Acinetobacter baumannii

Keywards: A. baumannii, Antimicrobial activity, Biofilm, Prodigiosin, TiO2 nanoparticles A rising... more Keywards: A. baumannii, Antimicrobial activity, Biofilm, Prodigiosin, TiO2 nanoparticles A rising number of hospital infections were caused by multi drug resistant A.baumannii. This microorganism has become a big global concern for clinicians. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles against biofilm producing multi drug resistant A. baumannii. Bacteria were isolated from burn wounds. The selected isolate was identified using the routine biochemical assays, viteck 2, and confirmed by PCR technique, targeting the 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Viteck 2 system and the biofilm production was tested by using microtiter plate method. S marcescens was used for production of the prodigiosin which characterized later by UV-visible spectroscopy and then was used for biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) NPs. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and field emission...

Research paper thumbnail of Identification of Different Categories of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stool Samples by Using Multiplex PCR Technique

... Title: Identification of Different Categories of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stool Samp... more ... Title: Identification of Different Categories of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stool Samples by Using Multiplex PCR Technique. Author: Sehand K. Arif ; layla IF Salih. ... E. coli were isolated and diagnosed using set of conventional biochemical tests and API 20E system. ...