Jennifer Seymour - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jennifer Seymour

Preventive Medicine, Sep 30, 2004

Americans' consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased slightly over the last 10 years, bu... more Americans' consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased slightly over the last 10 years, but most people still do not meet the Dietary Guidelines recommendation to consume 5 to 9 servings per day. New and innovative strategies are needed if we are to significantly increase the mean population intake of fruits and vegetables. To help formulate such strategies as well as to evaluate evidence and identify research gaps, the American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened the Fruit and Vegetable Environment, Policy, and Pricing Workshop, which brought together experts in how environmental change, policy, and pricing affect fruit and vegetable consumption. The papers in this supplement consist of a review of environmental interventions to improve nutrition and papers covering pricing and consumer value and how fruit and vegetable consumption can be promoted at worksites, restaurants, grocery stores and other community settings, and schools. Conclusions from the workshop were that existing intervention strategies need to be evaluated, promising example programs need to be disseminated, and new innovative interventions and programs need to be created and evaluated.

Public Health Reports, 2009

Objectives. Consumption of fruit and vegetables among children is generally below recommended lev... more Objectives. Consumption of fruit and vegetables among children is generally below recommended levels. This evaluation addressed two questions: To what extent did children's attitudes toward, familiarity with, and preferences for fruit and vegetables change during the school year? and To what extent did children's consumption of fruit and vegetables change during the school year? Methods. During the 2004-2005 school year, the Mississippi Department of Education, Child Nutrition Programs initiated a pilot program to distribute free fruit and vegetables to students (kindergarten through 12th grade) during the school day. Data were collected in 2004-2005 within a one-group pretest/ posttest design using a self-report questionnaire (n725) and 24-hour dietary recalls (n207) with a sample of students from five schools in Mississippi. Data were analyzed in 2006-2007.

The Faseb Journal, Mar 1, 2006

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers Prevention a Publication of the American Association For Cancer Research Cosponsored By the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2001

Some recent epidemiological studies have suggested that use of vitamin C or vitamin E supplements... more Some recent epidemiological studies have suggested that use of vitamin C or vitamin E supplements, both of which are important antioxidants, may substantially reduce the risk of colon or colorectal cancer. We examined the association between colorectal cancer mortality and use of individual vitamin C and E supplements in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study II cohort. We used proportional hazards modeling to estimate rate ratios among 711,891 men and women in the United States who completed a self-administered questionnaire at study enrollment in 1982, had no history of cancer, and were followed for mortality through 1996. During the 14 years of follow-up, 4404 deaths from colorectal cancer occurred. After adjustment for multiple colorectal cancer risk factors, regular use of vitamin C or E supplements, even longterm use, was not associated with colorectal cancer mortality. The combined-sex rate ratios were 0.89 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.73-1.09] for 10 or more years of vitamin C use and 1.08 (95% CI, 0.85-1.38) for 10 or more years of vitamin E use. In subgroup analyses, use of vitamin C supplements for 10 or more years was associated with decreased risk of colorectal cancer mortality before age 65 years (rate ratio ‫؍‬ 0.48; 95% CI, 0.28 -0.81) and decreased risk of rectal cancer mortality at any age (rate ratio ‫؍‬ 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20 -0.80). Our results do not support a substantial effect of vitamin C or E supplement use on overall colorectal cancer mortality.

Medscape Journal of Medicine, Feb 1, 2009

CONTEXT: Fruit and vegetable intake is an important part of a healthy diet and is associated with... more CONTEXT: Fruit and vegetable intake is an important part of a healthy diet and is associated with numerous positive health outcomes. MyPyramid provides recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption based on individual calorie requirements as determined by an individual's age, sex, and physical activity level.OBJECTIVES: To determine (1) median fruit and vegetable consumption from all dietary sources among adolescent and adult consumers and the percentage of adolescents and adults meeting individual recommended intake levels based on caloric requirements and (2) consumption levels among various demographic groups, intake levels from subtypes of fruits and vegetables, and primary contributors to fruit and vegetable intake.DESIGN: Analysis of 2-day, 24-hour recall data from the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a continuous, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey.RESULTS: This study included dietary contributions of fruits and vegetables from all dietary sources. Fewer than 1 in 10 Americans meet their calorie-specific MyPyramid fruit or vegetable recommendations. Higher intake was not observed in subgroups with higher recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption based on caloric requirements. The primary contributors to total fruit intake were whole fruits among adults and fruit juices among adolescents. The largest single contributor to overall fruit intake was orange juice. Potatoes dominated vegetable consumption, particularly among adolescents, in whom fried potatoes increased the median vegetable intake from 0.72 cup to 1.21 cups per day. Dark green and orange vegetables and legumes accounted for a small portion of vegetable intake, and few people met the recommendations.CONCLUSIONS: Few American adolescents or adults reported consuming the recommended amounts of fruits or vegetables. Increasing consumption will probably require multifaceted approaches that augment educational campaigns with policy and environmental strategies aimed at the food system at large, from farm to plate, including schools, worksites, and retail establishments. Increasing America's fruit and vegetable consumption is an important public health strategy for weight management and reduction of risk for chronic disease.

Contemporary Endocrinology, 2007

... Jenny H. Ledikwe, PhD, Heidi M. Blanck, PhD, Laura Kettel Khan, PhD, Mary K. Serdula, MD, ...... more ... Jenny H. Ledikwe, PhD, Heidi M. Blanck, PhD, Laura Kettel Khan, PhD, Mary K. Serdula, MD, ... Studies suggest that a practical approach to help moderate energy intake is to consume a satisfying portion of low-energy-dense food, such as salad or soup, at the start of a meal. ...

Medscape journal of medicine, 2009

Fruit and vegetable intake is an important part of a healthy diet and is associated with numerous... more Fruit and vegetable intake is an important part of a healthy diet and is associated with numerous positive health outcomes. MyPyramid provides recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption based on individual calorie requirements as determined by an individual's age, sex, and physical activity level. To determine (1) median fruit and vegetable consumption from all dietary sources among adolescent and adult consumers and the percentage of adolescents and adults meeting individual recommended intake levels based on caloric requirements and (2) consumption levels among various demographic groups, intake levels from subtypes of fruits and vegetables, and primary contributors to fruit and vegetable intake. Analysis of 2-day, 24-hour recall data from the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a continuous, nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. This study included dietary contributions of fruits and vegetables from all dietary sources. F...

Preventive medicine, 2004

Nutrition interventions targeted to individuals are unlikely to significantly shift US dietary pa... more Nutrition interventions targeted to individuals are unlikely to significantly shift US dietary patterns as a whole. Environmental and policy interventions are more promising for shifting these patterns. We review interventions that influenced the environment through food availability, access, pricing, or information at the point-of-purchase in worksites, universities, grocery stores, and restaurants. Thirty-eight nutrition environmental intervention studies in adult populations, published between 1970 and June 2003, were reviewed and evaluated on quality of intervention design, methods, and description (e.g., sample size, randomization). No policy interventions that met inclusion criteria were found. Many interventions were not thoroughly evaluated or lacked important evaluation information. Direct comparison of studies across settings was not possible, but available data suggest that worksite and university interventions have the most potential for success. Interventions in grocery...

Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2001

Multivitamins contain several nutrients, including folic acid, which are hypothesized to reduce c... more Multivitamins contain several nutrients, including folic acid, which are hypothesized to reduce colon cancer risk. Previous epidemiologic studies have suggested that effects of multivitamins containing substantial amounts of folic acid (introduced in 1973) may not be evident until 15 or more years since first use. We examined the association between daily multivitamin use and colon cancer mortality among 806,397 US men and women in the Cancer Prevention Study II cohort who completed a questionnaire at enrollment in 1982 and were followed for mortality through 1998. After multivariate adjustment, multivitamin use at enrollment showed little association with colon cancer mortality. After 15 years since first use of a multivitamin potentially containing folic acid, we observed slightly decreased risk of colon cancer mortality (rate ratio (RR) = 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-0.99). Consistent with previous reports, this association was stronger among participants consuming two...

Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

Consumption of fruit and vegetables among children is generally below recommended levels. This ev... more Consumption of fruit and vegetables among children is generally below recommended levels. This evaluation addressed two questions: (1) To what extent did children's attitudes toward, familiarity with, and preferences for fruit and vegetables change during the school year? and (2) To what extent did children's consumption of fruit and vegetables change during the school year? During the 2004-2005 school year, the Mississippi Department of Education, Child Nutrition Programs initiated a pilot program to distribute free fruit and vegetables to students (kindergarten through 12th grade) during the school day. Data were collected in 2004-2005 within a one-group pretest/posttest design using a self-report questionnaire (n=725) and 24-hour dietary recalls (n=207) with a sample of students from five schools in Mississippi. Data were analyzed in 2006-2007. Results showed greater familiarity with fruit and vegetables at all grade levels (p<0.05) and increased preferences for fruit ...

Childhood obesity (Print), 2012

Few school-age youth consume the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, and increasing fru... more Few school-age youth consume the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, and increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children and adolescents is an important public health goal to maintain long-term good health and to decrease risk of chronic disease and obesity. School salad bars are an important tool to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among schoolchildren. Studies show that introduction of school salad bars increases the amount and variety of fruits and vegetables consumed by children in schools. However, many schools cannot afford the capital investment in the salad bar equipment. In 2010, the National Fruit & Vegetable Alliance (NFVA), United Fresh Produce Association Foundation, the Food Family Farming Foundation, and Whole Foods Market launched Let’s Move Salad Bars to Schools (LMSB2S) in support of First Lady Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move! initiative. The goal of LMSB2S is to place 6000 salad bars in schools over 3 years. As of June, 2012, over 1400 new salad bar...

Background: Laboratory-based investigations indicate that the consumption of foods with a low ene... more Background: Laboratory-based investigations indicate that the consumption of foods with a low energy density (kcal/g) decreases energy intake. Although low-energy-dense diets are recommended for weight management, relations between energy density, energy intake, and weight status have not been clearly shown in free-living persons. Objectives: A representative US sample was used to determine whether dietary energy density is associated with energy

Preventive Medicine, 2004

AmericansT consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased slightly over the last 10 years, bu... more AmericansT consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased slightly over the last 10 years, but most people still do not meet the Dietary Guidelines recommendation to consume 5 to 9 servings per day. New and innovative strategies are needed if we are to significantly increase the mean population intake of fruits and vegetables. To help formulate such strategies as well as to evaluate evidence and identify research gaps, the American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened the Fruit and Vegetable Environment, Policy, and Pricing Workshop, which brought together experts in how environmental change, policy, and pricing affect fruit and vegetable consumption. The papers in this supplement consist of a review of environmental interventions to improve nutrition and papers covering pricing and consumer value and how fruit and vegetable consumption can be promoted at worksites, restaurants, grocery stores and other community settings, and schools. Conclusions from the workshop were that existing intervention strategies need to be evaluated, promising example programs need to be disseminated, and new innovative interventions and programs need to be created and evaluated. Published by The Institute For Cancer Prevention and Elsevier Inc.

Nutrition Reviews, 2004

Clinical evidence shows that combining advice to increase fruit and vegetable consumption with ca... more Clinical evidence shows that combining advice to increase fruit and vegetable consumption with caloric restriction is an effective strategy for weight management. The purpose of this review is to evaluate epidemiologic evidence to determine whether it supports an association between fruit and/or vegetable consumption and body weight. Few studies have been designed to specifically address this issue, and those that are available vary in methodology and offer inconsistent results. We make recommendations on how to strengthen future studies so that the influence of fruit and vegetable consumption on body weight in free-living individuals is better understood.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2011

Due to changing recommendations for fruit and vegetable (F/V) intake, public health and private o... more Due to changing recommendations for fruit and vegetable (F/V) intake, public health and private organizations recognized the need to revise communications and programs that promote

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1999

UK PubMed Central (UKPMC) is an archive of life sciences journal literature.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2007

Low-energy-density diets are often recommended for weight control. Such diets have a higher nutri... more Low-energy-density diets are often recommended for weight control. Such diets have a higher nutrient content than do high-energy-density diets. This study tested the hypothesis that energy-dense diets have a relatively low monetary cost, whereas less energy-dense diets are more expensive. In this cross-sectional study, dietary intakes of 1,474 French adults (672 men, 802 women), aged 15 to 92 years, were assessed using 7-day diet records. Dietary energy density (kcal/g) was calculated by dividing total dietary energy by the edible weight of foods and caloric beverages consumed. Diet cost ($/7 days or $/2,000 kcal) was estimated using mean national food prices for 895 foods. The relationship between dietary energy density and diet cost was examined in a linear regression model. Within each quintile of energy intakes, the more energydense diets were associated with lower diet quality and with lower diet costs (r 2 ϭ0.38 to 0.44). In a regression model, the more energy-dense diets cost less, whereas low-energy-density diets cost substantially more, adjusting for energy intakes, sex, and age. The finding that energy-dense diets cost less per 2,000 kcal may help explain why the highest rates of obesity are observed among groups of limited economic means. The finding that lowenergy-density diets are associated with higher diet costs suggests that lasting improvements in diet quality may require economic as well as behavioral interventions.

American Journal of Public Health, 2004

Eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables as part of an overall healthful diet can help lower c... more Eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables as part of an overall healthful diet can help lower chronic disease risk and aid in weight management. Increasing the percentage of Americans who consume enough fruits and vegetables every day is part of the Healthy People 2010 objectives for the nation. Assessing trends in consumption of these foods is important for tracking public health initiatives to meet this goal and for planning future objectives.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2007