Shahida Begum - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Shahida Begum
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2022
Abstract: This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to ob... more Abstract: This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to obtain quality surface finish that is specified by customer for machined parts. In this research, an attempt has been made to study the effects of cutting parameter that influence the surface roughness quality. The depth of cut is the most dominant factor of this study. The medium significant factor is feed rate and followed by spindle speed. The most important interactions, that effect surface roughness of machined surfaces, were between the feed rate and depth of cut for this particular type of MWCNT Epoxy composite. This research becomes part of major contribution for the manufacturing industry especially machining of MWCNT/epoxy composite materials using CNC milling process. Interestingly, this project can be regarded as an exclusive work because the information's and solutions achieved at the end of this research was significant and can be implemented in future demanding CNC indu...
Comprehensive Materials Processing
ABSTRACT
This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to obtain quali... more This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to obtain quality surface finish that is specified by customer for machined parts. In this research, an attempt has been made to study the effects of cutting parameter that influence the surface roughness quality. The depth of cut is the most dominant factor of this study. The medium significant factor is feed rate and followed by spindle speed. The most important interactions, that effect surface roughness of machined surfaces, were between the feed rate and depth of cut for this particular type of MWCNT Epoxy composite. This research becomes part of major contribution for the manufacturing industry especially machining of MWCNT/epoxy composite materials using CNC milling process. Interestingly, this project can be regarded as an exclusive work because the information's and solutions achieved at the end of this research was significant and can be implemented in future demanding CNC industries espe...
I-V characteristics, wattloss behavior and energy absorption capability etc. are the critical cha... more I-V characteristics, wattloss behavior and energy absorption capability etc. are the critical characteristics for performance evaluation of ZnO varistors. In the long processing steps of this electro-ceramic with a considerable number of contributing variables, the preparation of pressing grade electro-ceramic materials is very important. It demands powders with high degree of compositional and microstructural homogeneity, high purity and reliability, proper shape and proper size and distribution. This kind of ceramic powder can be generated by spray drying. Apart from affecting the physical properties of varistor discs, the powder characteristics influence the grain growth and microstructure which are anticipated to affect the electrical behavior of the discs. To investigate this, varistor powder was produced from standard slurry under different spray drying conditions in pilot scale. Feed flow rate, atomizing air pressure and outlet drying air temperature were considered as input ...
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
The critical electrical parameters such as I-V characteristics, watt-loss and energy absorption c... more The critical electrical parameters such as I-V characteristics, watt-loss and energy absorption capability etc. are the determinants for performance evaluation of ZnO varistors. In this regard there are a large number of contributing variables. Selection of proper binder in the processing of electro-ceramic powder is also a crucial factor. It imparts green strength, enhances compressibility and reduces density gradient within the green discs. Grain growth during sintering and subsequent microstructure of the varistor is also highly influenced by the binder system. It is envisaged that a disc with higher mechanical strength could be capable of withstanding more thermal stress due to temperature gradients. The energy absorption capability as well as high current performance can thus be enhanced. It was possible to generate varistor discs from the powder processed by the latex binder with better electrical performance than that of the powder processed with conventional binder of polyvi...
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) varistors doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) were ... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) varistors doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) were investigated. The microstructure and electrical characterization were studied, where the effects of different concentrations of WO3 and a fixed amount of Bi2O3 were investigated. TiO2 based varistors have promising potential for the high performance development. The percentage of dopant was varied at various levels and the prepared samples were then characterized by evaluating IV relationships to determine the degree of non-linearity in the varistor. Evaluation was conducted based on non-linear coefficients, breakdown voltage and power loss. Microstructure analysis was also carried out using SEM. The average grain size was determined to find the relationship between microstructure and electrical properties. It was found that a molar concentration with 99.1%TiO2. 0.4%WO3. 0.5%Bi2O3 yielded the best results in terms of electrical and microstructural properties. The addition of 0.5%Bi2O3 an...
In this study, the effect of Maleic anhydride on mechanical properties such as tensile strength, ... more In this study, the effect of Maleic anhydride on mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of Hydroxyapatite (HA)/Polylactic Acid (PLA) composites were determined. Maleic-anhydride (MAH)-grafted- PLA was filled with Hydroxyapetite (HA) using Haake Rheocorder mixer. The composite mixture was then moulded to form the required tensile and flexural test specimens using Injection Moulding process. The composites with Maleic anhydride (MAH) content of 0wt%, 0.5wt%, 1.0wt% and 2.0wt% were fabricated. Tensile tests according to ASTM-D 638 standards were conducted. Flexural tests according to ASTM-D 790 standards were conducted. The results showed that addition of maleic anhydride (MAH) has improved the mechanical properties. Other properties such as stiffness and yield point, were also evaluated from the results of tensile tests.
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
This article describes the use of ultrasonic techniques in the nondestructive testing of structur... more This article describes the use of ultrasonic techniques in the nondestructive testing of structural materials. In a discussion of history and general principles, the physical issues that govern ultrasonic inspection are presented. This is followed by a discussion of the types of instrumentation used to implement these principles and of the types of applications in which they are deployed. The capabilities of these techniques and the limitations that they face are considered, along with technological advances aimed at overcoming these limitations. The article concludes with a discussion of future directions of research.
Asian Journal of Applied Sciences
Materials Today: Proceedings
Abstract This paper discussed the tensile behaviour of epoxy reinforced with kenaf and glass fibr... more Abstract This paper discussed the tensile behaviour of epoxy reinforced with kenaf and glass fibre. The non-woven kenaf fibre mat and glass fibre mat were reinforced with epoxy matrix with different stacking sequence viz. neat Epoxy (E), Kenaf/Epoxy(K/E), Kenaf/Glass/Kenaf/Epoxy (K/G/K/E), Glass/Kenaf/Glass/Epoxy (G/K/G/E), Kenaf/Glass/Kenaf/Glass/Epoxy (K/G/K/G/E) and Glass/Epoxy(G/E). The laminate composite samples were prepared using vacuum infusion technique. Tensile strength and modulus evaluation of fibre mat reinforced polymer composite are key study in any structural application, thus the tensile properties of Kenaf/Glass fibre hybrid epoxy composites were characterized followed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies on the fractured surface of the composites. The results show that G/K/G/E composite has the highest tensile strength of 49.0 MPa compared to K/G/K/E composite and pure epoxy. The modulus of G/K/G/E composite was 165 MPa and K/G/K/E composite was 122 MPa. The percentage strain of G/K/G/E composite is recorded at 6.6%, whereas K/G/K/E was only 6.2%. The SEM studies show that the fracture surface has a uniform fibre distribution. Scanning electron microscopy fractography showed fibre cracking, debonding and fibre pulled-out as the main fracture mode of composites and G/K/G/E composite exhibited better interfacial bonding between the matrix and reinforcement compared to other compositions.
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies
ABSTRACT There are numerous substrates that are electroplated in electronic industry to use in el... more ABSTRACT There are numerous substrates that are electroplated in electronic industry to use in electronic devices. Nickel–Cobalt (Ni–Co) is one of the substrates that is used in the integrated circuits for telecommunication. The substrate is needed to prepare before electroplating of which pre-cleaning is of paramount importance. The substrate must be cleaned to remove grease, oil, etc. from the surface. Moreover, the gold contaminant on the surface of Ni–Co substrate is transformed to gold oxide during heat treatment, which is a prerequisite step before electroplating. It was observed that standard pre-cleaning procedure practiced in the electronic industry cannot remove the oxide contaminant. Fairly controlled uniform thickness can be achieved by proper control of electroplating parameters. However, the defects generated on plated substrate cannot be eliminated by controlling electroplating parameters. It was found that pre-cleaning of substrate played an important role to eliminate the contaminants. Poor adhesion of plating materials, blistering, skip plating, plate flakes, pitting are a few common plating defects which result in poor solderability. In this review, electroplating and its defects and minimisation of defects are discussed. Surface preparation before plating is crucial in this respect. Defect-free substrate results in efficient solderability, consequently reducing rejection rate of substrate and increasing the yield, thereby, making the process cost effective.
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies
ABSTRACT Synthetic fibre as a reinforcing agent is in use for quite some time in polymer matrix c... more ABSTRACT Synthetic fibre as a reinforcing agent is in use for quite some time in polymer matrix composite (PMC) to produce lightweight materials with improved strength, modulus and stiffness. However, growing environmental impact associated with production, disposal and recycling of synthetic-fibre-based polymer composites trigger the development of eco-friendly composite for various applications such as automotive, marine, chemical, Infrastructure, sporting goods, etc., using natural fibres. There are many types of natural fibres of which kenaf, jute, oil palm, cotton, flax, banana hemp and sisal are gaining attention as they are abundantly available, cheaper, eco-friendly and possess remarkable and satisfactory mechanical properties. Along with natural fibre, hybridisation of natural/synthetic fibres, as well as polymer hybrid composites that are reinforced with various combinations of nanometre-sized carbon and mineral fillers are the focus of interest of researchers to build their applications in the field of engineering and technology. This review article deals with the mechanical properties of PMC with various natural and synthetic fibres. The impact of carbon nanofillers and the existence of synergy between different types of carbon nanofillers are also addressed. Overall, this review paper will provide a guideline to explore recent development in PMC with various reinforcing fibres and their potential applications.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Functional life of a zinc oxide arrester block is largely dependent on its energy absorption capa... more Functional life of a zinc oxide arrester block is largely dependent on its energy absorption capability which is an important characteristic in ensuring enhanced reliability of a surge protection system. An arrester block is usually cylindrical in shape with two flat surfaces. Injected energy from the stroke of transient electrical surge into the arrester body is transformed into heat and dissipated through the surface of the disc body. This study has been conducted to observe whether the higher surface to volume (S/V) ratio of an arrester block enhances the capability of energy absorption or not. The round side or C-surface of the cylindrical disc was ground by diamond wheel to transform into hexagonal shape. By making this geometrical modification an increase of about 11% in S/V ratio was achieved for the hexagonal discs. Ten ZnO arrester blocks of both shapes were tested and the average energy absorption capability for the hexagonal discs was found to be 483 J.cm-3 compared to that of 357 J.cm-3 for the cylindrical discs. Thus, for the hexagonal discs a significant increase (35%) in energy absorption capability is observed which is attributable to increased S/V ratio of the arrester facilitating greater heat transfer. This knowledge can be useful in designing the geometry of the device for improved functional reliability of electrical system.
Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2016
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016
In this chapter an overview of whisker, platelet, and particulate reinforcements for composites w... more In this chapter an overview of whisker, platelet, and particulate reinforcements for composites with actual or potential use in structural, thermal, or electronic applications are presented. The reinforcements can be used in different reinforcing phase, such as, polymer, ceramic or metal matrix. Enhancement in mechanical, magnetic, thermal, electrical, or other properties can be achieved with the use of reinforcing materials. Whiskers, particulates and flakes are advantageous in terms of processing and cost than that of continuous fiber. Whiskers have superior specific mechanical properties for elevated temperature performance than that of fibers. Particulates are comparatively cheap and can produce isotropic properties.
Begum Shahida Powder Processing Parameters and Their Influence on the Electrical Performance of Zno Varistor Phd Thesis Dublin City University, 1996
, guidance, constructive suggestions and encouragement during the course of this study and in com... more , guidance, constructive suggestions and encouragement during the course of this study and in compilation of the thesis Moreover, the financial support arranged by him will always be gratefully acknowledged The author would also like to express her sincere gratitude to Dr Ramon Puyane of Harris Ireland Limited, for his supervision, support throughout the period of work in the project and valuable input into the thesis The author would like to thank Prof Ben Mills for giving his time to be the external examiner My appreciation is due to Pat Bellew of Harris Ireland for his help at various stages of the experiment and to James Blaney for helping with various drawings Sincere thanks are also extended to Sean Moynihan for his guidance in computer applications and to Peter O'Connell, Liam Cravan for their help in conducting the experiments I must remember the names of the BRITE team members, in Harris Ireland, with whom I have spent nearly three years In this regard I would like to express my sincere thanks to B Daly for his help during the production of powder in the pilot line I would also like to extend my thanks to M Lambe for her cooperation The works contained in the thesis have been performed as a part of the DOCERPO project under BRITE/EURAM programme I am indebted to Harris Ireland Ltd for providing me the opportunity to work with their facilities I would like to express my sincere thanks to my relatives back at home for their good wishes The name of my eldest sister Dr Fatima will always be remembered for her encouragement and mental support to go ahead with the tedious process I would like to offer my sincere thanks to all the Bangladeshi friends and families, specially Suraiya and her family for their love and good wishes I am also grateful to Patricia Hayes, Ursula Hughes, and Mr and Mrs Hughes for their love and care for my son Rafid Last but not least, the support and encouragement from my husband, M Karim at different phases will always be remembered gratefully IV
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2022
Abstract: This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to ob... more Abstract: This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to obtain quality surface finish that is specified by customer for machined parts. In this research, an attempt has been made to study the effects of cutting parameter that influence the surface roughness quality. The depth of cut is the most dominant factor of this study. The medium significant factor is feed rate and followed by spindle speed. The most important interactions, that effect surface roughness of machined surfaces, were between the feed rate and depth of cut for this particular type of MWCNT Epoxy composite. This research becomes part of major contribution for the manufacturing industry especially machining of MWCNT/epoxy composite materials using CNC milling process. Interestingly, this project can be regarded as an exclusive work because the information's and solutions achieved at the end of this research was significant and can be implemented in future demanding CNC indu...
Comprehensive Materials Processing
ABSTRACT
This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to obtain quali... more This research reports the study on effect of cutting parameters using CNC Milling to obtain quality surface finish that is specified by customer for machined parts. In this research, an attempt has been made to study the effects of cutting parameter that influence the surface roughness quality. The depth of cut is the most dominant factor of this study. The medium significant factor is feed rate and followed by spindle speed. The most important interactions, that effect surface roughness of machined surfaces, were between the feed rate and depth of cut for this particular type of MWCNT Epoxy composite. This research becomes part of major contribution for the manufacturing industry especially machining of MWCNT/epoxy composite materials using CNC milling process. Interestingly, this project can be regarded as an exclusive work because the information's and solutions achieved at the end of this research was significant and can be implemented in future demanding CNC industries espe...
I-V characteristics, wattloss behavior and energy absorption capability etc. are the critical cha... more I-V characteristics, wattloss behavior and energy absorption capability etc. are the critical characteristics for performance evaluation of ZnO varistors. In the long processing steps of this electro-ceramic with a considerable number of contributing variables, the preparation of pressing grade electro-ceramic materials is very important. It demands powders with high degree of compositional and microstructural homogeneity, high purity and reliability, proper shape and proper size and distribution. This kind of ceramic powder can be generated by spray drying. Apart from affecting the physical properties of varistor discs, the powder characteristics influence the grain growth and microstructure which are anticipated to affect the electrical behavior of the discs. To investigate this, varistor powder was produced from standard slurry under different spray drying conditions in pilot scale. Feed flow rate, atomizing air pressure and outlet drying air temperature were considered as input ...
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
The critical electrical parameters such as I-V characteristics, watt-loss and energy absorption c... more The critical electrical parameters such as I-V characteristics, watt-loss and energy absorption capability etc. are the determinants for performance evaluation of ZnO varistors. In this regard there are a large number of contributing variables. Selection of proper binder in the processing of electro-ceramic powder is also a crucial factor. It imparts green strength, enhances compressibility and reduces density gradient within the green discs. Grain growth during sintering and subsequent microstructure of the varistor is also highly influenced by the binder system. It is envisaged that a disc with higher mechanical strength could be capable of withstanding more thermal stress due to temperature gradients. The energy absorption capability as well as high current performance can thus be enhanced. It was possible to generate varistor discs from the powder processed by the latex binder with better electrical performance than that of the powder processed with conventional binder of polyvi...
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) varistors doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) were ... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) varistors doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) were investigated. The microstructure and electrical characterization were studied, where the effects of different concentrations of WO3 and a fixed amount of Bi2O3 were investigated. TiO2 based varistors have promising potential for the high performance development. The percentage of dopant was varied at various levels and the prepared samples were then characterized by evaluating IV relationships to determine the degree of non-linearity in the varistor. Evaluation was conducted based on non-linear coefficients, breakdown voltage and power loss. Microstructure analysis was also carried out using SEM. The average grain size was determined to find the relationship between microstructure and electrical properties. It was found that a molar concentration with 99.1%TiO2. 0.4%WO3. 0.5%Bi2O3 yielded the best results in terms of electrical and microstructural properties. The addition of 0.5%Bi2O3 an...
In this study, the effect of Maleic anhydride on mechanical properties such as tensile strength, ... more In this study, the effect of Maleic anhydride on mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of Hydroxyapatite (HA)/Polylactic Acid (PLA) composites were determined. Maleic-anhydride (MAH)-grafted- PLA was filled with Hydroxyapetite (HA) using Haake Rheocorder mixer. The composite mixture was then moulded to form the required tensile and flexural test specimens using Injection Moulding process. The composites with Maleic anhydride (MAH) content of 0wt%, 0.5wt%, 1.0wt% and 2.0wt% were fabricated. Tensile tests according to ASTM-D 638 standards were conducted. Flexural tests according to ASTM-D 790 standards were conducted. The results showed that addition of maleic anhydride (MAH) has improved the mechanical properties. Other properties such as stiffness and yield point, were also evaluated from the results of tensile tests.
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
This article describes the use of ultrasonic techniques in the nondestructive testing of structur... more This article describes the use of ultrasonic techniques in the nondestructive testing of structural materials. In a discussion of history and general principles, the physical issues that govern ultrasonic inspection are presented. This is followed by a discussion of the types of instrumentation used to implement these principles and of the types of applications in which they are deployed. The capabilities of these techniques and the limitations that they face are considered, along with technological advances aimed at overcoming these limitations. The article concludes with a discussion of future directions of research.
Asian Journal of Applied Sciences
Materials Today: Proceedings
Abstract This paper discussed the tensile behaviour of epoxy reinforced with kenaf and glass fibr... more Abstract This paper discussed the tensile behaviour of epoxy reinforced with kenaf and glass fibre. The non-woven kenaf fibre mat and glass fibre mat were reinforced with epoxy matrix with different stacking sequence viz. neat Epoxy (E), Kenaf/Epoxy(K/E), Kenaf/Glass/Kenaf/Epoxy (K/G/K/E), Glass/Kenaf/Glass/Epoxy (G/K/G/E), Kenaf/Glass/Kenaf/Glass/Epoxy (K/G/K/G/E) and Glass/Epoxy(G/E). The laminate composite samples were prepared using vacuum infusion technique. Tensile strength and modulus evaluation of fibre mat reinforced polymer composite are key study in any structural application, thus the tensile properties of Kenaf/Glass fibre hybrid epoxy composites were characterized followed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies on the fractured surface of the composites. The results show that G/K/G/E composite has the highest tensile strength of 49.0 MPa compared to K/G/K/E composite and pure epoxy. The modulus of G/K/G/E composite was 165 MPa and K/G/K/E composite was 122 MPa. The percentage strain of G/K/G/E composite is recorded at 6.6%, whereas K/G/K/E was only 6.2%. The SEM studies show that the fracture surface has a uniform fibre distribution. Scanning electron microscopy fractography showed fibre cracking, debonding and fibre pulled-out as the main fracture mode of composites and G/K/G/E composite exhibited better interfacial bonding between the matrix and reinforcement compared to other compositions.
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies
ABSTRACT There are numerous substrates that are electroplated in electronic industry to use in el... more ABSTRACT There are numerous substrates that are electroplated in electronic industry to use in electronic devices. Nickel–Cobalt (Ni–Co) is one of the substrates that is used in the integrated circuits for telecommunication. The substrate is needed to prepare before electroplating of which pre-cleaning is of paramount importance. The substrate must be cleaned to remove grease, oil, etc. from the surface. Moreover, the gold contaminant on the surface of Ni–Co substrate is transformed to gold oxide during heat treatment, which is a prerequisite step before electroplating. It was observed that standard pre-cleaning procedure practiced in the electronic industry cannot remove the oxide contaminant. Fairly controlled uniform thickness can be achieved by proper control of electroplating parameters. However, the defects generated on plated substrate cannot be eliminated by controlling electroplating parameters. It was found that pre-cleaning of substrate played an important role to eliminate the contaminants. Poor adhesion of plating materials, blistering, skip plating, plate flakes, pitting are a few common plating defects which result in poor solderability. In this review, electroplating and its defects and minimisation of defects are discussed. Surface preparation before plating is crucial in this respect. Defect-free substrate results in efficient solderability, consequently reducing rejection rate of substrate and increasing the yield, thereby, making the process cost effective.
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies
ABSTRACT Synthetic fibre as a reinforcing agent is in use for quite some time in polymer matrix c... more ABSTRACT Synthetic fibre as a reinforcing agent is in use for quite some time in polymer matrix composite (PMC) to produce lightweight materials with improved strength, modulus and stiffness. However, growing environmental impact associated with production, disposal and recycling of synthetic-fibre-based polymer composites trigger the development of eco-friendly composite for various applications such as automotive, marine, chemical, Infrastructure, sporting goods, etc., using natural fibres. There are many types of natural fibres of which kenaf, jute, oil palm, cotton, flax, banana hemp and sisal are gaining attention as they are abundantly available, cheaper, eco-friendly and possess remarkable and satisfactory mechanical properties. Along with natural fibre, hybridisation of natural/synthetic fibres, as well as polymer hybrid composites that are reinforced with various combinations of nanometre-sized carbon and mineral fillers are the focus of interest of researchers to build their applications in the field of engineering and technology. This review article deals with the mechanical properties of PMC with various natural and synthetic fibres. The impact of carbon nanofillers and the existence of synergy between different types of carbon nanofillers are also addressed. Overall, this review paper will provide a guideline to explore recent development in PMC with various reinforcing fibres and their potential applications.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Functional life of a zinc oxide arrester block is largely dependent on its energy absorption capa... more Functional life of a zinc oxide arrester block is largely dependent on its energy absorption capability which is an important characteristic in ensuring enhanced reliability of a surge protection system. An arrester block is usually cylindrical in shape with two flat surfaces. Injected energy from the stroke of transient electrical surge into the arrester body is transformed into heat and dissipated through the surface of the disc body. This study has been conducted to observe whether the higher surface to volume (S/V) ratio of an arrester block enhances the capability of energy absorption or not. The round side or C-surface of the cylindrical disc was ground by diamond wheel to transform into hexagonal shape. By making this geometrical modification an increase of about 11% in S/V ratio was achieved for the hexagonal discs. Ten ZnO arrester blocks of both shapes were tested and the average energy absorption capability for the hexagonal discs was found to be 483 J.cm-3 compared to that of 357 J.cm-3 for the cylindrical discs. Thus, for the hexagonal discs a significant increase (35%) in energy absorption capability is observed which is attributable to increased S/V ratio of the arrester facilitating greater heat transfer. This knowledge can be useful in designing the geometry of the device for improved functional reliability of electrical system.
Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2016
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016
In this chapter an overview of whisker, platelet, and particulate reinforcements for composites w... more In this chapter an overview of whisker, platelet, and particulate reinforcements for composites with actual or potential use in structural, thermal, or electronic applications are presented. The reinforcements can be used in different reinforcing phase, such as, polymer, ceramic or metal matrix. Enhancement in mechanical, magnetic, thermal, electrical, or other properties can be achieved with the use of reinforcing materials. Whiskers, particulates and flakes are advantageous in terms of processing and cost than that of continuous fiber. Whiskers have superior specific mechanical properties for elevated temperature performance than that of fibers. Particulates are comparatively cheap and can produce isotropic properties.
Begum Shahida Powder Processing Parameters and Their Influence on the Electrical Performance of Zno Varistor Phd Thesis Dublin City University, 1996
, guidance, constructive suggestions and encouragement during the course of this study and in com... more , guidance, constructive suggestions and encouragement during the course of this study and in compilation of the thesis Moreover, the financial support arranged by him will always be gratefully acknowledged The author would also like to express her sincere gratitude to Dr Ramon Puyane of Harris Ireland Limited, for his supervision, support throughout the period of work in the project and valuable input into the thesis The author would like to thank Prof Ben Mills for giving his time to be the external examiner My appreciation is due to Pat Bellew of Harris Ireland for his help at various stages of the experiment and to James Blaney for helping with various drawings Sincere thanks are also extended to Sean Moynihan for his guidance in computer applications and to Peter O'Connell, Liam Cravan for their help in conducting the experiments I must remember the names of the BRITE team members, in Harris Ireland, with whom I have spent nearly three years In this regard I would like to express my sincere thanks to B Daly for his help during the production of powder in the pilot line I would also like to extend my thanks to M Lambe for her cooperation The works contained in the thesis have been performed as a part of the DOCERPO project under BRITE/EURAM programme I am indebted to Harris Ireland Ltd for providing me the opportunity to work with their facilities I would like to express my sincere thanks to my relatives back at home for their good wishes The name of my eldest sister Dr Fatima will always be remembered for her encouragement and mental support to go ahead with the tedious process I would like to offer my sincere thanks to all the Bangladeshi friends and families, specially Suraiya and her family for their love and good wishes I am also grateful to Patricia Hayes, Ursula Hughes, and Mr and Mrs Hughes for their love and care for my son Rafid Last but not least, the support and encouragement from my husband, M Karim at different phases will always be remembered gratefully IV