Hongcai Shang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Hongcai Shang
Drug-symptom networking: Linking drug-likeness screening to drug discovery
Pharmacological research, Jan 23, 2015
Understanding the relationships between drugs and symptoms has broad medical consequences, yet a ... more Understanding the relationships between drugs and symptoms has broad medical consequences, yet a comprehensive description of the drug-symptom associations is currently lacking. Here, 1441 FDA-approved drugs were collected, and PCA was used to extract 122 descriptors which explained 91% of the variance. Then, a k-means++ method was employed to partition the drug dataset into 3 clusters, and 3 corresponding SVDD models (drug-likeness screening models) were constructed with an overall accuracy of up to 95.6%. Furthermore, 6878 herbal molecules from the TcmSP™ database were screened by the above 3 SVDD model to obtain 5309 candidate drug molecules with highly accept classification of 77.19%. To assess the accuracy of the SVDD models, 8559 herbal molecule-symptom co-occurrences were mined from Pubmed abstracts, involving 697 herbal molecules and 314 symptoms. Most of the 697 herbal molecules could be found in the accepted SVDD data (5309 molecules), showing the potential of the SVDD for...
[Applications and approved projects on traditional Chinese medicine in National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2010]
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Oct 1, 2011
In this article, the authors firstly summarized the number of applications submitted to and proje... more In this article, the authors firstly summarized the number of applications submitted to and projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research in 2010. Then they described the district distribution, research direction layout and allotment of the approved projects in the three primary disciplines (traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese materia medica and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine) and their 43 subdisciplines. The targeting suggestions for improvement were given respectively by concluding the reason of disapproved projects from the point of view of applicants and supporting institution, and by stating the common problems existing in the review process from the perspectives of fund managers and evaluation experts. Lastly, the major funding fields in the near future were predicted in the hope of providing guidance for applicants.
[Developing integrative medicine should pay attention to basic research]
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban, Jun 1, 2012
After over five decades of vigorous development in China, integrative medicine (IM) has developed... more After over five decades of vigorous development in China, integrative medicine (IM) has developed into an academic discipline with some overlaps but independent from both Chinese medicine (CM) and Western medicine (WM). CHEN Zhu, the Minister of the Ministry of Health pointed out that IM represents the developing direction for future medicine at the conference commemorating the 50th anniversary of Chairman MAO Zedong' s important instructions on WM doctors learning from CM, which was sponsored by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine in Beijing on November 27,2008. In this article, the author stresses basic research should be paid attention to in developing IM from the concepts and connotation, development and evolution, achievements and problems, layers and pathways of IM.
[Applications and approved projectsof general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developedregion of national natural science funds in discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2012]
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2013
The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less... more The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in the discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2012 have been introduced. The research contents of the funded projects in the popular research areas have been summarized and the problems in the applications have been analyzed to give a reference to the scientists in the field of Chinese materia medica.
[National Natural Science Foundation of China promotes the development of Chinese medicine in China--an analysis of Chinese medicine project funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China in the last decade]
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban, Nov 1, 2013
In recent years, projects funded by the Division V III of Health Sciences of the National Natural... more In recent years, projects funded by the Division V III of Health Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) increased steadily, which enhanced the process of modernization of Chinese medicine (CM). We analyzed CM projects funded by NSFC during 2003 -2012, which aimed to provide reference to experts in the CM field.
[Applications and spproved projects of general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2011]
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2012
The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less... more The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in the discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2011 have been introduced. The character and problems in these applications have been analyzed to give a reference to the scientists in the field of Chinese material medica.
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2014
Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) is a famous herbal prescription that has been used to treat stroke ... more Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) is a famous herbal prescription that has been used to treat stroke for centuries. Recent studies reported that the use of BHD had been extended to treat various kinds of disorders according to the TCM syndrome theory of Treating Different Diseases with the Same Method (TDDSM). Here, an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) of BHD for healthcare was conducted to interpret the TCM theory of TDDSM and its target of vascularity in an evidence-based manner. Literature searches were carried out in 5 databases to search SRs of BHD for any indication up to August 2013. Thirteen eligible SRs were identified which reported a wide range of vascular conditions. Based on the Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire scores, the quality of included SRs was varied, with an average score of 4 points. We found that there is premature evidence for the use of BHD for healthcare, whereas BHD was well tolerable in all patients. BHD can be used to treat many disorders with th...
[Concept and significance of a subjective and multiple index system of clinical evaluation for traditional Chinese medicine]
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Jun 15, 2011
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its own system of diagnosis and treatment theory, and its ... more Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its own system of diagnosis and treatment theory, and its methods for evaluating clinical efficacy are different from those of Western medicine. Applying evaluation techniques and methods that are used in Western medicine mechanically to TCM will not work. So building evaluation techniques, which adhere to regulations and characteristics of TCM, is necessary and imperative. As the quality of life and patient-reported outcome instruments were brought into practice and developed, clinical evaluation ideas and methods for TCM are provided with an opportunity for development. This article puts forward the concept of subjective complex outcomes (SCOs), which constitutes subjective feelings gained from the patient, doctor and caregiver, different from laboratory parameters. SCOs provide a multidimensional and complex health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment and focus on the source of assessment information of diseases. This article also introduces a case study building SCO methods of TCM treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, in order to promote discussion and provide a platform for future research.
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2008
With the progress of medicine, clinical research methods have been rapidly developing, and the de... more With the progress of medicine, clinical research methods have been rapidly developing, and the design of clinical trials (including traditional Chinese medicine) is advancing. To a certain extent, all of these ensure that the results of clinical research are objective and scienti c, but whether these results and the resulting guidelines or consensus have much practical significance on clinical practice is still controversial (1-3) . A research report related to the exploration and appraisal of the external validity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on hypertension medication conducted in China is being published. Five databases including the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CBMdisc, CNKI, and VIP were searched from January 1996 through December 2006 for all hypertension RCTs conducted in China. A total of 164 hypertension RCTs were found and reviewed systematically. The search revealed that elderly and female patients were under-represented in RCTs of hypertension medications conducted in China, and the influencing factor of population representation was not reported adequately. These could limit the efforts to provide evidence-based care to all hypertensive patients. External validity in RCTs of hypertension medications in China was not strong and the influencing factor of external validity was not reported sufficiently in most papers. In short, there is a gap between clinical trials and clinical practice. Having engaged in both clinical practice and clinical research, the authors strongly feel that it is necessary to discuss the relationship between these (Figure 1).
[Thinking and methods in practical assessment of TCM clinical therapeutic effect]
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban, Apr 1, 2008
Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) shows its effectiveness undoubtedly in clinical pract... more Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) shows its effectiveness undoubtedly in clinical practice, the deficiency in objective assessment methods is yet a bottleneck which has restricted its development of modernization and internationalization. On the basis of clinical experiences, the authors discussed the title cutting from current situation and tendency, and expanded gradually. It is concluded that by aiming directly at problems and referring to the principle and methods of evidence-based medicine (EBM), using rationally the design in clinical practice and combined with individualization and standardization should be a feasible way for TCM clinical therapeutic effect assessment.
Methodology and Reporting Quality of Systematic Review/Meta-Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine
J Altern Complement Med, 2007
Good systematic reviews/meta-analyses are important sources of information for clinicians, patien... more Good systematic reviews/meta-analyses are important sources of information for clinicians, patients, government officials, and other decision makers. Now, there is an increasing number of systematic reviews/meta-analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Thus, it is necessary to assess the quality of these reviews. To assess the methodology and reporting quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses of TCM published in paper-based journals in China. A comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify the maximum possible number of reviews on the prevention and cure researches in TCM. Two assessors (Junhua and Hongcai) independently extracted data and put them into a Microsoft Access database for analysis. Two assessment tools were used: (1) the Oxman-Guyatt Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire (OQAQ); and (2) the Quality of Reporting of Meta analysis (QUOROM). One hundred and seven papers (107) were identified: 71 reviews called "systematic reviews" and 36 called "meta-analyses." More than half of all the reviews had methodological and reporting flaws that could have influenced the reviews' validity. The deficiencies were mainly in literature searches, characteristics of included and excluded studies reported, primary trials' quality assessment, and data merging. The methodology and reporting quality are poor in both systematic reviews and meta-analysis reviews of TCM published in paper-based journals in China. We should respect the need for high-quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and do these according to specification.
[Connotations and extensions of comparative effectiveness research and feasibility analysis for clinical evaluation in traditional Chinese medicine]
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Apr 1, 2012
Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is well developed in international medical research. Thi... more Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is well developed in international medical research. This article analyzes the basic connotations of CER from five aspects, including selection of objective, positioning of target population, comparison of intervention scheme, identification of contrast condition and analysis of therapeutic effects. The inclusiveness and advanced nature of CER were revealed by comparing with modern medical research methods, such as evidence-based medicine, patient-important outcome and randomized controlled trials. Based on the superiority of CER, the feasibility of applying CER in clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine is explored. CER should be combined with the holistic concept, syndrome differentiation and individuality-concerned treatment so as to facilitate its development in research of traditional Chinese medicine in China.
Secondary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction and Applicable Prospect of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Correlation between traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and omics: a literature review
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Dec 15, 2011
As the post-genome era is approaching, omics has become a hot topic in the research field of life... more As the post-genome era is approaching, omics has become a hot topic in the research field of life sciences and is also widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. For discussing the correlation between syndromes and omics, the authors explored the application of genomics, proteomics and metabonomics in the study of syndrome classification from the macroscopic view, after a systematic and normative study of the literature. The authors drew the conclusion that research into the correlation between syndromes and omics has great clinical significance in terms of the scientific application and quantification of TCM treatment based on syndrome differentiation.
Background and Purpose-For its current dimensions, stroke represents the world's primary health c... more Background and Purpose-For its current dimensions, stroke represents the world's primary health challenge. In China stroke is the second most common cause of death. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has for many centuries been used, and it is still widely used today in countries of south and east Asia for the treatment of people with stroke. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate whether complex Traditional Chinese Medicine (cTCM) improves poststroke motor recovery. In particular, we defined cTCM as intervention that included at least acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine.
Xuebijing injection in the treatment of severe pneumonia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Trials, 2016
Severe pneumonia (SP) is a major complication of respiratory system diseases that is associated w... more Severe pneumonia (SP) is a major complication of respiratory system diseases that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. If not treated correctly, it may rapidly lead to sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Despite continuous developments in antibiotic treatments for SP, the mortality rate remains high. Both basic and clinical research show that Xuebijing injection (XBJ) can improve the symptoms of SP. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of XBJ compared with placebo. This multicenter, blinded, randomized controlled trial will be conducted with a total of 700 participants with SP. Using a central randomization system, participants will be randomized (1:1) into groups receiving either XBJ or placebo (within 24 h of diagnosis of SP) for 5-7 days with a 28-day follow-up. All participants will receive conventional treatment simultaneously. Both XBJ and placebo will be administered using a photophobic infusion set to avoid bias. The prima...
Reporting of core items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis for aggregating N-of-1 trials to estimate population treatment effects is suboptimal
Journal of clinical epidemiology, Jan 2, 2016
N-of-1 trials can be aggregated to estimate population treatment effects using hierarchical Bayes... more N-of-1 trials can be aggregated to estimate population treatment effects using hierarchical Bayesian models. It is very important to report core items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis. In this study, we assessed reporting of items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis for aggregating N-of-1 trials to estimate population treatment effects. This was a systematic literature review of aggregating N-of-1 trials by hierarchical Bayesian models to estimate population treatment effects. A comprehensive search was performed to collect eligible articles. Pilot studies, formal N-of-1 trials and reports in which the data were reanalyzed using hierarchical Bayesian methods, were included. The information of reported items related with hierarchical Bayesian analysis was extracted by two independent reviewers. The guideline "ROBUST", developed for reporting Bayesian analysis of clinical studies, was published in Journal of Clinical Epidemiology in 2005. We assessed the included reports usin...
Evidence-Based Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine: Collision and Combination
J Altern Complement Med, 2008
Use of a Chinese Medicine Composition in Preparing Medicaments for Treating Secondary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Jan 12, 2010
Bao LP, Gao CT. Subarachnoid haemorrhage after acupuncture at Fengchi and Yamen points in 3 cases... more Bao LP, Gao CT. Subarachnoid haemorrhage after acupuncture at Fengchi and Yamen points in 3 cases. Jilin Med J 1983;4:45-6. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (35 cases) GB20, GV15, GV16, GV14, BL10 3 deaths; 32 recoveries Bian F, Zhang XL, Tian SP. Acupuncture at Fengchi point caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Zhangjiakou Med College 1997;14:73. Chen YZ, Huang WC. Acupuncture at neck points caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. Shanxi Trad Chin Med J 1985;1:47-8. Chen MX. Acupuncture at Yamen point caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Pract Int Med 1987;7:355. Jiang TZ, Chen WD, Zhang B, et al. Subarachnoid haemorrhage in 2 cases after acupuncture at the nape. J Anhui Trad Chin Med Coll 1996;15:48. Li LF, Cong X, Jin QW. Acupuncture at Fengfu point caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. Chin Acu Moxibustion 2008;28:292. Liu SX. Acupuncture at Fengchi point caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. Shanxi Med J 1980;9:53. Liu ZH, Xiao HP, Liu JS, et al. Subarachnoid haemorrhage in 12 cases after acupuncture at nape. People's Mil Surg 1984;12:51-2. Liu FY. Acupuncture at Fengchi point caused subdural haematoma. Med J Liaoning 1992;6:25. Mi XH, Li SK, Jia SK. Acupuncture at Yamen point caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. Shandong J Trad Chin Med 1989;8:22. Niu LJ, Zhang RW. Acupuncture-induced haemorrhage in the cisterna magna. Prac J Med Pharm 2006;23:932. Su Y, Chen HX, Chen CC, et al. Acupuncture at Yamen point caused subarachnoid haemorrhage. Shanghai J Acu Moxibustion 1985;3:22. Wu BS, Xu QZ. One death from spinal cord injury after acupuncture at Ash acupoints in third cervical vertebra. ChinJ Forensic Med 1990;5:32-3. Yang YD, Shi R, Ge SH. Subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by acupuncture. Liaoning J Trad Chin Med 1985;8:37. Yu BR. Acupuncture at nape points caused subarachnoid haemorrhage in 7 cases. J Apoplexy Nerv Dis 1986;3:74-5. Zhou JW. Acupuncture at Fengchi point caused one death. J Sichuan Trad Chin Med 1988;10:52. Li YQ, Chen GW. Acupuncture caused epidural haemorrhage in cervical spine. Chin Comm Doctors 2003;19:46-7. Spinal epidural haematoma (9 cases) -9 recoveries Liu FY. Acupuncture at Fengchi point caused subdural haematoma. Med J Liaoning 1992;6:25. Zhang J. Diagnosis and treatment of spinal epidural haematoma caused by acupuncture. Mod Med Health 2006;22:2924-5. Abdominal organs and tissues Zhang JH. Acupuncture at abdominal acupoints caused 4 cases of peritonitis. Chin Rural Doctor 1997;4:20-1. Peritonitis (2 cases) -Recovery Zheng BS, Zhao ML. Lessons from 2 cases of gallbladder perforation complicated with bile peritonitis caused by acupuncture. Chin J Clin 1983;3:44.
Drug-symptom networking: Linking drug-likeness screening to drug discovery
Pharmacological research, Jan 23, 2015
Understanding the relationships between drugs and symptoms has broad medical consequences, yet a ... more Understanding the relationships between drugs and symptoms has broad medical consequences, yet a comprehensive description of the drug-symptom associations is currently lacking. Here, 1441 FDA-approved drugs were collected, and PCA was used to extract 122 descriptors which explained 91% of the variance. Then, a k-means++ method was employed to partition the drug dataset into 3 clusters, and 3 corresponding SVDD models (drug-likeness screening models) were constructed with an overall accuracy of up to 95.6%. Furthermore, 6878 herbal molecules from the TcmSP™ database were screened by the above 3 SVDD model to obtain 5309 candidate drug molecules with highly accept classification of 77.19%. To assess the accuracy of the SVDD models, 8559 herbal molecule-symptom co-occurrences were mined from Pubmed abstracts, involving 697 herbal molecules and 314 symptoms. Most of the 697 herbal molecules could be found in the accepted SVDD data (5309 molecules), showing the potential of the SVDD for...
[Applications and approved projects on traditional Chinese medicine in National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2010]
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Oct 1, 2011
In this article, the authors firstly summarized the number of applications submitted to and proje... more In this article, the authors firstly summarized the number of applications submitted to and projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research in 2010. Then they described the district distribution, research direction layout and allotment of the approved projects in the three primary disciplines (traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese materia medica and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine) and their 43 subdisciplines. The targeting suggestions for improvement were given respectively by concluding the reason of disapproved projects from the point of view of applicants and supporting institution, and by stating the common problems existing in the review process from the perspectives of fund managers and evaluation experts. Lastly, the major funding fields in the near future were predicted in the hope of providing guidance for applicants.
[Developing integrative medicine should pay attention to basic research]
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban, Jun 1, 2012
After over five decades of vigorous development in China, integrative medicine (IM) has developed... more After over five decades of vigorous development in China, integrative medicine (IM) has developed into an academic discipline with some overlaps but independent from both Chinese medicine (CM) and Western medicine (WM). CHEN Zhu, the Minister of the Ministry of Health pointed out that IM represents the developing direction for future medicine at the conference commemorating the 50th anniversary of Chairman MAO Zedong' s important instructions on WM doctors learning from CM, which was sponsored by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine in Beijing on November 27,2008. In this article, the author stresses basic research should be paid attention to in developing IM from the concepts and connotation, development and evolution, achievements and problems, layers and pathways of IM.
[Applications and approved projectsof general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developedregion of national natural science funds in discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2012]
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2013
The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less... more The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in the discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2012 have been introduced. The research contents of the funded projects in the popular research areas have been summarized and the problems in the applications have been analyzed to give a reference to the scientists in the field of Chinese materia medica.
[National Natural Science Foundation of China promotes the development of Chinese medicine in China--an analysis of Chinese medicine project funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China in the last decade]
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban, Nov 1, 2013
In recent years, projects funded by the Division V III of Health Sciences of the National Natural... more In recent years, projects funded by the Division V III of Health Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) increased steadily, which enhanced the process of modernization of Chinese medicine (CM). We analyzed CM projects funded by NSFC during 2003 -2012, which aimed to provide reference to experts in the CM field.
[Applications and spproved projects of general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2011]
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2012
The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less... more The applications accepted and approved by general program, young scientist fund and fund for less developed region of national natural science funds in the discipline of Chinese materia medica, NSFC in 2011 have been introduced. The character and problems in these applications have been analyzed to give a reference to the scientists in the field of Chinese material medica.
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2014
Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) is a famous herbal prescription that has been used to treat stroke ... more Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) is a famous herbal prescription that has been used to treat stroke for centuries. Recent studies reported that the use of BHD had been extended to treat various kinds of disorders according to the TCM syndrome theory of Treating Different Diseases with the Same Method (TDDSM). Here, an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) of BHD for healthcare was conducted to interpret the TCM theory of TDDSM and its target of vascularity in an evidence-based manner. Literature searches were carried out in 5 databases to search SRs of BHD for any indication up to August 2013. Thirteen eligible SRs were identified which reported a wide range of vascular conditions. Based on the Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire scores, the quality of included SRs was varied, with an average score of 4 points. We found that there is premature evidence for the use of BHD for healthcare, whereas BHD was well tolerable in all patients. BHD can be used to treat many disorders with th...
[Concept and significance of a subjective and multiple index system of clinical evaluation for traditional Chinese medicine]
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Jun 15, 2011
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its own system of diagnosis and treatment theory, and its ... more Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its own system of diagnosis and treatment theory, and its methods for evaluating clinical efficacy are different from those of Western medicine. Applying evaluation techniques and methods that are used in Western medicine mechanically to TCM will not work. So building evaluation techniques, which adhere to regulations and characteristics of TCM, is necessary and imperative. As the quality of life and patient-reported outcome instruments were brought into practice and developed, clinical evaluation ideas and methods for TCM are provided with an opportunity for development. This article puts forward the concept of subjective complex outcomes (SCOs), which constitutes subjective feelings gained from the patient, doctor and caregiver, different from laboratory parameters. SCOs provide a multidimensional and complex health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment and focus on the source of assessment information of diseases. This article also introduces a case study building SCO methods of TCM treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, in order to promote discussion and provide a platform for future research.
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2008
With the progress of medicine, clinical research methods have been rapidly developing, and the de... more With the progress of medicine, clinical research methods have been rapidly developing, and the design of clinical trials (including traditional Chinese medicine) is advancing. To a certain extent, all of these ensure that the results of clinical research are objective and scienti c, but whether these results and the resulting guidelines or consensus have much practical significance on clinical practice is still controversial (1-3) . A research report related to the exploration and appraisal of the external validity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on hypertension medication conducted in China is being published. Five databases including the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CBMdisc, CNKI, and VIP were searched from January 1996 through December 2006 for all hypertension RCTs conducted in China. A total of 164 hypertension RCTs were found and reviewed systematically. The search revealed that elderly and female patients were under-represented in RCTs of hypertension medications conducted in China, and the influencing factor of population representation was not reported adequately. These could limit the efforts to provide evidence-based care to all hypertensive patients. External validity in RCTs of hypertension medications in China was not strong and the influencing factor of external validity was not reported sufficiently in most papers. In short, there is a gap between clinical trials and clinical practice. Having engaged in both clinical practice and clinical research, the authors strongly feel that it is necessary to discuss the relationship between these (Figure 1).
[Thinking and methods in practical assessment of TCM clinical therapeutic effect]
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Hui Zhongguo Zhong Yi Yan Jiu Yuan Zhu Ban, Apr 1, 2008
Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) shows its effectiveness undoubtedly in clinical pract... more Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) shows its effectiveness undoubtedly in clinical practice, the deficiency in objective assessment methods is yet a bottleneck which has restricted its development of modernization and internationalization. On the basis of clinical experiences, the authors discussed the title cutting from current situation and tendency, and expanded gradually. It is concluded that by aiming directly at problems and referring to the principle and methods of evidence-based medicine (EBM), using rationally the design in clinical practice and combined with individualization and standardization should be a feasible way for TCM clinical therapeutic effect assessment.
Methodology and Reporting Quality of Systematic Review/Meta-Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine
J Altern Complement Med, 2007
Good systematic reviews/meta-analyses are important sources of information for clinicians, patien... more Good systematic reviews/meta-analyses are important sources of information for clinicians, patients, government officials, and other decision makers. Now, there is an increasing number of systematic reviews/meta-analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Thus, it is necessary to assess the quality of these reviews. To assess the methodology and reporting quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses of TCM published in paper-based journals in China. A comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify the maximum possible number of reviews on the prevention and cure researches in TCM. Two assessors (Junhua and Hongcai) independently extracted data and put them into a Microsoft Access database for analysis. Two assessment tools were used: (1) the Oxman-Guyatt Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire (OQAQ); and (2) the Quality of Reporting of Meta analysis (QUOROM). One hundred and seven papers (107) were identified: 71 reviews called "systematic reviews" and 36 called "meta-analyses." More than half of all the reviews had methodological and reporting flaws that could have influenced the reviews' validity. The deficiencies were mainly in literature searches, characteristics of included and excluded studies reported, primary trials' quality assessment, and data merging. The methodology and reporting quality are poor in both systematic reviews and meta-analysis reviews of TCM published in paper-based journals in China. We should respect the need for high-quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and do these according to specification.
[Connotations and extensions of comparative effectiveness research and feasibility analysis for clinical evaluation in traditional Chinese medicine]
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Apr 1, 2012
Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is well developed in international medical research. Thi... more Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is well developed in international medical research. This article analyzes the basic connotations of CER from five aspects, including selection of objective, positioning of target population, comparison of intervention scheme, identification of contrast condition and analysis of therapeutic effects. The inclusiveness and advanced nature of CER were revealed by comparing with modern medical research methods, such as evidence-based medicine, patient-important outcome and randomized controlled trials. Based on the superiority of CER, the feasibility of applying CER in clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine is explored. CER should be combined with the holistic concept, syndrome differentiation and individuality-concerned treatment so as to facilitate its development in research of traditional Chinese medicine in China.
Secondary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction and Applicable Prospect of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Correlation between traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and omics: a literature review
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Dec 15, 2011
As the post-genome era is approaching, omics has become a hot topic in the research field of life... more As the post-genome era is approaching, omics has become a hot topic in the research field of life sciences and is also widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. For discussing the correlation between syndromes and omics, the authors explored the application of genomics, proteomics and metabonomics in the study of syndrome classification from the macroscopic view, after a systematic and normative study of the literature. The authors drew the conclusion that research into the correlation between syndromes and omics has great clinical significance in terms of the scientific application and quantification of TCM treatment based on syndrome differentiation.
Background and Purpose-For its current dimensions, stroke represents the world's primary health c... more Background and Purpose-For its current dimensions, stroke represents the world's primary health challenge. In China stroke is the second most common cause of death. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has for many centuries been used, and it is still widely used today in countries of south and east Asia for the treatment of people with stroke. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate whether complex Traditional Chinese Medicine (cTCM) improves poststroke motor recovery. In particular, we defined cTCM as intervention that included at least acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine.
Xuebijing injection in the treatment of severe pneumonia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Trials, 2016
Severe pneumonia (SP) is a major complication of respiratory system diseases that is associated w... more Severe pneumonia (SP) is a major complication of respiratory system diseases that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. If not treated correctly, it may rapidly lead to sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Despite continuous developments in antibiotic treatments for SP, the mortality rate remains high. Both basic and clinical research show that Xuebijing injection (XBJ) can improve the symptoms of SP. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of XBJ compared with placebo. This multicenter, blinded, randomized controlled trial will be conducted with a total of 700 participants with SP. Using a central randomization system, participants will be randomized (1:1) into groups receiving either XBJ or placebo (within 24 h of diagnosis of SP) for 5-7 days with a 28-day follow-up. All participants will receive conventional treatment simultaneously. Both XBJ and placebo will be administered using a photophobic infusion set to avoid bias. The prima...
Reporting of core items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis for aggregating N-of-1 trials to estimate population treatment effects is suboptimal
Journal of clinical epidemiology, Jan 2, 2016
N-of-1 trials can be aggregated to estimate population treatment effects using hierarchical Bayes... more N-of-1 trials can be aggregated to estimate population treatment effects using hierarchical Bayesian models. It is very important to report core items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis. In this study, we assessed reporting of items in hierarchical Bayesian analysis for aggregating N-of-1 trials to estimate population treatment effects. This was a systematic literature review of aggregating N-of-1 trials by hierarchical Bayesian models to estimate population treatment effects. A comprehensive search was performed to collect eligible articles. Pilot studies, formal N-of-1 trials and reports in which the data were reanalyzed using hierarchical Bayesian methods, were included. The information of reported items related with hierarchical Bayesian analysis was extracted by two independent reviewers. The guideline "ROBUST", developed for reporting Bayesian analysis of clinical studies, was published in Journal of Clinical Epidemiology in 2005. We assessed the included reports usin...
Evidence-Based Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine: Collision and Combination
J Altern Complement Med, 2008
Use of a Chinese Medicine Composition in Preparing Medicaments for Treating Secondary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Jan 12, 2010
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