Shazia Toor - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Shazia Toor

Research paper thumbnail of Conflict Resolution vs. Conflict Aggravation: Role of Pakistani Newspapers in Portraying Civil-Military Conflicts (2008-2018)

Global political review, Mar 30, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of The Evolution of Broadcast Media in Pakistan: Data Analysis of Trends, Challenges, and Future Prospects

Deleted Journal, Jan 24, 2024

This study tackles the challenge of understanding the evolution of broadcast media in Pakistan, a... more This study tackles the challenge of understanding the evolution of broadcast media in Pakistan, a rapidly transforming sector influenced by diverse factors. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and drawing on responses from industry professionals and stakeholders, the research investigates the impact of technological advancements, government regulations, economic factors, social trends, cultural influences, and digital literacy on media evolution. Key findings include the significant role of technological advancements in driving media evolution, necessitating ongoing innovation in the sector. Government regulations are found to have a dual impact-essential for maintaining standards, yet potentially restrictive, calling for more adaptable policy frameworks. Economic factors, particularly advertising revenue, are closely linked to media evolution, underscoring the sector's financial dynamics. Social trends significantly influence media content and engagement strategies, highlighting the importance of audience-centric approaches. Cultural influences moderate the relationship between technology and media evolution, emphasizing the need for cultural sensitivity in media practices. Digital literacy emerges as a crucial mediator, suggesting that enhancing digital skills is key to leveraging economic and technological advancements. The study's contributions extend to understanding media dynamics in emerging economies, offering a detailed analysis of the factors shaping broadcast media in Pakistan. The implications for each hypothesis underscore the necessity for a nuanced approach to media development, balancing technological growth with socio-cultural and regulatory considerations. Policy implications emphasize the importance of fostering an environment that supports technological innovation, economic sustainability, regulatory flexibility, social responsiveness, and cultural inclusivity. Such an approach is vital for the robust and sustainable evolution of broadcast media in Pakistan, aligning with both domestic needs and global trends.

Research paper thumbnail of Cultural Resilience Through Theater: An In-Depth Examination of Dramatic Narrative Communication in the Post-Partition Era

Pakistan journal of social research, Jun 30, 2022

In this research, an attempt has been made to find out what has been the state of the art of thea... more In this research, an attempt has been made to find out what has been the state of the art of theater, which can play an important role in national development, after the creation of Pakistan. Historically, it has been proven that there has been a strong tradition of theater in this region. Considering the weaknesses and gaps that emerged from the literature review on this topic, the research methodology was adopted. The qualitative method has been used for the research. In-depth interviews of experts and written history of the theater are used as tools for the study. Due to ideological confusion, migration of theatre performers settlement problems, the economic situation, and the capitalist system, the theater could not be stable as a media organization. A few groups were formed later, but they are not guaranteed for the future. If the state wants, everything is possible. This is an important finding on the contribution of East Pakistan in performing arts such as theatre, which was part of Pakistan until the separation as the Bangla Desh, Pakistani historical literature is completely silent.

Research paper thumbnail of Internet-based Technologies are the Tools for Promoting Sportsmanship in Pakistan

Pakistan journal of humanities and social sciences, Nov 27, 2023

In today's digital era, the sports industry is going through a remarkable transformation. It's no... more In today's digital era, the sports industry is going through a remarkable transformation. It's no longer just a game; the integration of technology in sport is reshaping how teams operate, athletes train themselves, and fans like to engage. Various tools, platforms, and applications for online coaching, performance assessment, smart apparel, and footwear have been created. Thus, it can be inferred that a network of wellorganized devices and sensors has emerged to revolutionize sports industry as a whole. However, in Pakistan, technological adoption is often neglected and prejudiced. In the context of sports, Pakistan exhibits a restricted range of diverse athletic activities, mostly adhering to traditional practices and displaying little integration of technology advancements. The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of internet technology on the promotion of sportsmanship within the context of Pakistan. The researchers have conducted in-depth interviews with athletes and sports professionals, using theme analysis to transcribe and evaluate the participants' comments in a comprehensive manner. The results indicate that technology plays a crucial role in upholding the integrity of the game, and the incorporation of technology in sports may enhance Pakistan's overall performance index.

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Role of Folk Media in Changing the Social Behavior of Urban People: An Exploratory Study in Lahore

Pakistan journal of humanities and social sciences, Sep 16, 2023

In a rapidly evolving modern world, communication plays a specialized and paramount role of great... more In a rapidly evolving modern world, communication plays a specialized and paramount role of great significance. Modern mass media, characterized by its glamour and impersonal nature, may require a more integrated approach. It uses culture to preserve and promote folk traditions and arts to foster development and drive social change. In this context, this study examines the multifaceted role of folk media in shaping the social behavior of urban populations in the contemporary digital media era. Folk media forms possess inherent charm, deeply resonating with the public's collective consciousness, making them a potent tool for promoting cultural heritage and societal transformation. Folk media forms possess inherent charm, deeply resonating with the public's consciousness. Through in-depth interviews with esteemed experts in media and communication, this research illuminates the profound and enduring impact of folk media in the contemporary landscape, highlighting its transformative influence in promoting behavior change for social change and community evolution. The study concludes with results, implications, and recommendations for future research.

Research paper thumbnail of Digital News Dynamics: Investigating the Impact on Public Opinion Formation in Pakistan

Deleted Journal, Dec 30, 2023

This study explores the complex relationship between digital news consumption and public opinion ... more This study explores the complex relationship between digital news consumption and public opinion formation in Pakistan. Employing a quantitative approach, the research focused on adult digital news consumers across Pakistan, utilizing stratified sampling for a diverse demographic representation. The study formulated and tested several hypotheses related to the frequency of digital news consumption, source credibility, social media engagement, content diversity, and the mediating role of digital literacy. Findings from a structured questionnaire survey indicate that all these factors significantly influence the formation of public opinion. The study also highlights the pivotal role of digital literacy as a mediator in this process. These insights extend the application of theories such as agenda-setting and uses and gratifications in the context of digital media. The study contributes to the academic discourse on media influence in the digital era and offers practical implications for policymakers and media practitioners. It underscores the need for strategies promoting media literacy and responsible news consumption. The study acknowledges its limitations, including reliance on self-reported data and its focus on Pakistan, which may affect the generalizability of the findings. Future research avenues include comparative studies across countries and longitudinal analyses to understand evolving digital news consumption patterns.

Research paper thumbnail of News Coverage of US Withdrawal from Afghanistan: A Study of the Dawn, New York Post and Afghanistan Times (14th April - 31st August 2021)

Global foreign policies review, Mar 30, 2023

The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news c... more The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news coverage of Pakistani newspaper Dawn, U.S. newspaper New York Post and Afghanistan newspaper Afghanistan Times during the period 14th April to 31st August 2021 in accordance with their foreign policy.The purpose of the study how the newspapers of three major stakeholder countries cover the withdrawal in the light of their respective national interest. The interest of these countries differs from one another in terms of foreign policy. Media is the fourth pillar of the state; the media can be a great way to promote any policy.Agenda-setting theory and media framing theory plays an important role in giving importance to certain aspects of news and ignoring certain aspects according to the set agenda. A mixed methods approach combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used and three newspapers coverage was chosen. A total of 229 news were extracted. The results indicate that the news coverage contents of Pakistani, American, and Afghanistan newspapers are in accordance with their foreign policy. Results show each country’s media presents international issues pertaining to foreign policy in accordance with the national interest.

Research paper thumbnail of Technological Barriers Towards Online Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore

Pakistan journal of social research, Mar 31, 2023

The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic... more The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore" focused on the problems faced by the teachers in delivering their lectures and students while taking online classes because there is a major difference between having and having not. Many students have no access to technology, either they can't afford it or they live in such areas. This research used and conducted in-depth interviews of the stakeholders of the E-learning environment. The sample was women's universities in Lahore. The research topic highlights the major issues of teachers and students in learning online. In-depth social understanding is vital to apprehending the crisis and charting a path forward. Universities need to cope with modern-day formalities and standards. There is a need to correctly identify which courses can be taught online and should take steps to enhance their technological and infrastructural capacity. Keywords: Online Education, COVID-19, Teachers, Students, Digital Literacy

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Analysis of the Portrayal of PPPP, PML (N) and PTI in Pakistani Print Media during Democratic Tenure of PPPP

Global political review, Sep 30, 2020

Media influence on politics has always been a debatable subject due to its immense potential. Med... more Media influence on politics has always been a debatable subject due to its immense potential. Media is regarded as the "fourth estate" of the nation, and the role of traditional media in the political arena is indispensable. The agenda-setting by newspapers plays a pivotal part in forming the image of a political party. This study is an exertion to examine the leading English and Urdu newspapers (Dawn, The News, Jang, Nawa-i-Waqt) of Pakistan to find out the portrayal given to PPPP, PML-N and PTI during PPPP's five-year (2008-2013) regime. By employing the content analysis method, findings indicate that PML-N was given the maximum editorial and news coverage regarding the important national issues, whereas PPPP got the second most frequent coverage. PPPP was presented in an unfavourable manner, and PLM-N was given the least negative reportage. Results of the study revealed that English and Urdu newspapers adopted a supportive stance towards PML (N).

Research paper thumbnail of Social Media and Strategic Communication: Uses and Preferences of the Politicians of Pakistan

Global political review, Sep 30, 2020

Social media has got a major share in our personal as well as professional communication because ... more Social media has got a major share in our personal as well as professional communication because of its easy accessibility and highly interactive nature. Facebook and Twitter can be used as important tool to mobilize groups to take some action (Shirky, 2008, p. 184). It has been observed that political leaders in Pakistan use social media to connect with the audience, but no research has been conducted in this regard so far. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to find which platform does the political actors of Pakistan prefer to disseminate information and in which medium they believe more. Furthermore, this study also looks into the popularity graph of the politicians, whether the use of social media has increased their popularity or not. To fulfil the objectives of the study, the survey was conducted among the members of national and provincial assemblies (2013-2018). With the help of findings, it was concluded that the majority of the politicians in Pakistan prefer Facebook over Twitter when they want to share any information, which is unlike the scenario around the globe.

Research paper thumbnail of Social Media as a Mediator in Political Communication: A Literature Review to Explore its Effects on Users

Global political review, Jun 30, 2020

The modes of communication have been evolving, and in the 21st century, we live in a digital worl... more The modes of communication have been evolving, and in the 21st century, we live in a digital world. The world is connected via the internet, and social media has become an integral part of individual life. This paper explores the effects of social media mediation on its users in the context of political communication. The effects range from an individual's political participation to initiating a political movement. The effects are studied in the light of existing literature. Social media has transformed political discussion and debate. It has brought the elite public sphere to the screens of an average citizen. The voicing of dissident opinions is possible under the freedom of expression provided by social media. Individual and collective political views are influenced by social media. It is an exploratory study that aims to unveil various aspects of social media mediation so that they can be further researched upon.

Research paper thumbnail of Portrayal of Political Parties in English Newspapers during the General Elections 2008 in Pakistan

Global political review, Dec 30, 2020

This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pak... more This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pakistan during the general elections of 2008. The media's importance during the process of elections becomes manifold as it can frame the image of politicians and political parties. Comparative analysis of the leading political parties of Pakistan, including PPPP, PMLN and PTI, in the two English dailies-Dawn and The News was done. This paper examined the frequency and direction of editorials and front-page news stories that were published on leading political parties from 18th January 2008 to 18th March 2008. Along with the content analysis method, theoretical postulates of agenda-setting were employed to explore English newspapers' depiction of political parties during general elections 2008. Findings revealed that a maximum number of news and editorials were published on PPPP, but it was portrayed in a negative manner. The English print media adopted a supportive tilt towards PMLN by giving it a positive portrayal during the general election of 2008.

Research paper thumbnail of Digital Revolution and its Impact on Working Women of Pakistan

Global mass communication review, Dec 30, 2020

In this era of advancement and digitalization, active use of social media and online services has... more In this era of advancement and digitalization, active use of social media and online services has become an integral part of life. Today, educated working women of Pakistan use Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, YouTube, Uber, Daraz, Foodpanda, Tinder and many other applications and online services without any social hurdle. Online socialization has opened up some new financial and social opportunities for working women in Pakistan, making them more confident and independent than in the past. This study is an effort to examine the changes brought by the digital revolution in the lives of working women of Pakistan and to highlight its impact. Under the umbrella of uses and gratification theory and using in-depth interview method, findings indicate that using different digital platforms has become the personal and professional need of working women in Pakistan, and this digitalization has entirely changed their everyday routine.

Research paper thumbnail of Youth Philanthropy: A Study Towards Redefining Youth Philanthropy in Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Social Research

The research work is focused on youth philanthropy in Pakistan. On the ways through which youth i... more The research work is focused on youth philanthropy in Pakistan. On the ways through which youth is doing productive work for the welfare of the people, youth is participating or doing those acts that help the people. Youth Philanthropy is that thing which youngsters do to make their general surroundings a superior spot. Youth can do this in many ways, by volunteering their services or by fulfilling someone, financial aid and so much more. The aspects of youth philanthropy like donation, contribution, volunteering, and other beneficial activities have been found in this research work. This research also mentioned the course of action by which youth are taking part in philanthropy. The researcher used a Qualitative research method and in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection. The population was the youth, and the selected sample was the youth philanthropists of Lahore. Keywords: Philanthropy, Volunteer, Welfare.

Research paper thumbnail of News Coverage of US Withdrawal from Afghanistan: A Study of the Dawn, New York Post and Afghanistan Times (14th April - 31st August 2021)

Global Foreign Policies Review

The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news c... more The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news coverage of Pakistani newspaper Dawn, U.S. newspaper New York Post and Afghanistan newspaper Afghanistan Times during the period 14th April to 31st August 2021 in accordance with their foreign policy.The purpose of the study how the newspapers of three major stakeholder countries cover the withdrawal in the light of their respective national interest. The interest of these countries differs from one another in terms of foreign policy. Media is the fourth pillar of the state; the media can be a great way to promote any policy.Agenda-setting theory and media framing theory plays an important role in giving importance to certain aspects of news and ignoring certain aspects according to the set agenda. A mixed methods approach combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used and three newspapers coverage was chosen. A total of 229 news were extracted. The results indicate...

Research paper thumbnail of Pakistani Private TV News Channels' Coverage to Military Operation 'Zarb-e-Azb': A Comparative Analysis of the Viewers' Perception

Global Strategic & Securities Studies Review

The military operations have exacted serious effects on the socio-psychological structure of soci... more The military operations have exacted serious effects on the socio-psychological structure of society which has led to an overall tense environment. The aim of this study was to explore the public's perspective on Pakistani private TV news channels' coverage of military operation ‘Zarb-e-Azb’. The research sought to understand the public's consumption habits of this coverage, assess the extent to which it fostered a sense of national integration and examine the media's role during the operation. The results showed that the private TV news channels made an effort to portray the ground battle accurately. From the viewers' perspective, the coverage boosted the Pakistani military's morale, improved relations between civil and military groups, and fostered a sense of national unity. Furthermore, viewers believed that the operation effectively eliminated terrorism.

Research paper thumbnail of Technological Barriers Towards Online Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore

Pakistan Journal of Social Research

The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic... more The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore" focused on the problems faced by the teachers in delivering their lectures and students while taking online classes because there is a major difference between having and having not. Many students have no access to technology, either they can't afford it or they live in such areas. This research used and conducted in-depth interviews of the stakeholders of the E-learning environment. The sample was women's universities in Lahore. The research topic highlights the major issues of teachers and students in learning online. In-depth social understanding is vital to apprehending the crisis and charting a path forward. Universities need to cope with modern-day formalities and standards. There is a need to correctly identify which courses can be taught online and should take steps to enhance their technological and infrastructural capacity...

Research paper thumbnail of Role of New Media in Promotion of Tourism: An Analysis of Faisalabad’s Youth Perception

Pakistan journal of social research, Dec 31, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial Correlates of Profile Pictures Editing and Perceived Self-Image, Body Satisfaction Among Social Media Consumers

Pakistan Journal of Social Research

This study entails the notion of studying the psychosocial correlates of variations and modificat... more This study entails the notion of studying the psychosocial correlates of variations and modifications that social media users tend to carry out at the time of uploading and sharing their profile pictures. The In literature review researcher discuses the descriptive account of the academic current state of affairs with regard to the social networking profile picture uploaded by an individual being online. The study is important because it inspects one of the crucial imperative involving individual’s psyches behind changing and choosing variety of profile pies and in order to present them online. Researcher observes the psychosocial factors that lie behind influencing the social media users to change and edit their profile picture including the gender- based considerations. Moreover, study also observes the relationship of picture editing and interest of social media users with photography. For this purpose, a sample of 100 university students had been taken to fill the seven-likert s...

Research paper thumbnail of Portrayal of Political Parties in English Newspapers during the General Elections 2008 in Pakistan

Global Political Review, 2020

This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pak... more This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pakistan during the general elections of 2008. The media's importance during the process of elections becomes manifold as it can frame the image of politicians and political parties. Comparative analysis of the leading political parties of Pakistan, including PPPP, PMLN and PTI, in the two English dailies - Dawn and The News was done. This paper examined the frequency and direction of editorials and front-page news stories that were published on leading political parties from 18th January 2008 to 18th March 2008. Along with the content analysis method, theoretical postulates of agenda-setting were employed to explore English newspapers' depiction of political parties during general elections 2008. Findings revealed that a maximum number of news and editorials were published on PPPP, but it was portrayed in a negative manner. The English print media adopted a supportive tilt towards ...

Research paper thumbnail of Conflict Resolution vs. Conflict Aggravation: Role of Pakistani Newspapers in Portraying Civil-Military Conflicts (2008-2018)

Global political review, Mar 30, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of The Evolution of Broadcast Media in Pakistan: Data Analysis of Trends, Challenges, and Future Prospects

Deleted Journal, Jan 24, 2024

This study tackles the challenge of understanding the evolution of broadcast media in Pakistan, a... more This study tackles the challenge of understanding the evolution of broadcast media in Pakistan, a rapidly transforming sector influenced by diverse factors. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and drawing on responses from industry professionals and stakeholders, the research investigates the impact of technological advancements, government regulations, economic factors, social trends, cultural influences, and digital literacy on media evolution. Key findings include the significant role of technological advancements in driving media evolution, necessitating ongoing innovation in the sector. Government regulations are found to have a dual impact-essential for maintaining standards, yet potentially restrictive, calling for more adaptable policy frameworks. Economic factors, particularly advertising revenue, are closely linked to media evolution, underscoring the sector's financial dynamics. Social trends significantly influence media content and engagement strategies, highlighting the importance of audience-centric approaches. Cultural influences moderate the relationship between technology and media evolution, emphasizing the need for cultural sensitivity in media practices. Digital literacy emerges as a crucial mediator, suggesting that enhancing digital skills is key to leveraging economic and technological advancements. The study's contributions extend to understanding media dynamics in emerging economies, offering a detailed analysis of the factors shaping broadcast media in Pakistan. The implications for each hypothesis underscore the necessity for a nuanced approach to media development, balancing technological growth with socio-cultural and regulatory considerations. Policy implications emphasize the importance of fostering an environment that supports technological innovation, economic sustainability, regulatory flexibility, social responsiveness, and cultural inclusivity. Such an approach is vital for the robust and sustainable evolution of broadcast media in Pakistan, aligning with both domestic needs and global trends.

Research paper thumbnail of Cultural Resilience Through Theater: An In-Depth Examination of Dramatic Narrative Communication in the Post-Partition Era

Pakistan journal of social research, Jun 30, 2022

In this research, an attempt has been made to find out what has been the state of the art of thea... more In this research, an attempt has been made to find out what has been the state of the art of theater, which can play an important role in national development, after the creation of Pakistan. Historically, it has been proven that there has been a strong tradition of theater in this region. Considering the weaknesses and gaps that emerged from the literature review on this topic, the research methodology was adopted. The qualitative method has been used for the research. In-depth interviews of experts and written history of the theater are used as tools for the study. Due to ideological confusion, migration of theatre performers settlement problems, the economic situation, and the capitalist system, the theater could not be stable as a media organization. A few groups were formed later, but they are not guaranteed for the future. If the state wants, everything is possible. This is an important finding on the contribution of East Pakistan in performing arts such as theatre, which was part of Pakistan until the separation as the Bangla Desh, Pakistani historical literature is completely silent.

Research paper thumbnail of Internet-based Technologies are the Tools for Promoting Sportsmanship in Pakistan

Pakistan journal of humanities and social sciences, Nov 27, 2023

In today's digital era, the sports industry is going through a remarkable transformation. It's no... more In today's digital era, the sports industry is going through a remarkable transformation. It's no longer just a game; the integration of technology in sport is reshaping how teams operate, athletes train themselves, and fans like to engage. Various tools, platforms, and applications for online coaching, performance assessment, smart apparel, and footwear have been created. Thus, it can be inferred that a network of wellorganized devices and sensors has emerged to revolutionize sports industry as a whole. However, in Pakistan, technological adoption is often neglected and prejudiced. In the context of sports, Pakistan exhibits a restricted range of diverse athletic activities, mostly adhering to traditional practices and displaying little integration of technology advancements. The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of internet technology on the promotion of sportsmanship within the context of Pakistan. The researchers have conducted in-depth interviews with athletes and sports professionals, using theme analysis to transcribe and evaluate the participants' comments in a comprehensive manner. The results indicate that technology plays a crucial role in upholding the integrity of the game, and the incorporation of technology in sports may enhance Pakistan's overall performance index.

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring the Role of Folk Media in Changing the Social Behavior of Urban People: An Exploratory Study in Lahore

Pakistan journal of humanities and social sciences, Sep 16, 2023

In a rapidly evolving modern world, communication plays a specialized and paramount role of great... more In a rapidly evolving modern world, communication plays a specialized and paramount role of great significance. Modern mass media, characterized by its glamour and impersonal nature, may require a more integrated approach. It uses culture to preserve and promote folk traditions and arts to foster development and drive social change. In this context, this study examines the multifaceted role of folk media in shaping the social behavior of urban populations in the contemporary digital media era. Folk media forms possess inherent charm, deeply resonating with the public's collective consciousness, making them a potent tool for promoting cultural heritage and societal transformation. Folk media forms possess inherent charm, deeply resonating with the public's consciousness. Through in-depth interviews with esteemed experts in media and communication, this research illuminates the profound and enduring impact of folk media in the contemporary landscape, highlighting its transformative influence in promoting behavior change for social change and community evolution. The study concludes with results, implications, and recommendations for future research.

Research paper thumbnail of Digital News Dynamics: Investigating the Impact on Public Opinion Formation in Pakistan

Deleted Journal, Dec 30, 2023

This study explores the complex relationship between digital news consumption and public opinion ... more This study explores the complex relationship between digital news consumption and public opinion formation in Pakistan. Employing a quantitative approach, the research focused on adult digital news consumers across Pakistan, utilizing stratified sampling for a diverse demographic representation. The study formulated and tested several hypotheses related to the frequency of digital news consumption, source credibility, social media engagement, content diversity, and the mediating role of digital literacy. Findings from a structured questionnaire survey indicate that all these factors significantly influence the formation of public opinion. The study also highlights the pivotal role of digital literacy as a mediator in this process. These insights extend the application of theories such as agenda-setting and uses and gratifications in the context of digital media. The study contributes to the academic discourse on media influence in the digital era and offers practical implications for policymakers and media practitioners. It underscores the need for strategies promoting media literacy and responsible news consumption. The study acknowledges its limitations, including reliance on self-reported data and its focus on Pakistan, which may affect the generalizability of the findings. Future research avenues include comparative studies across countries and longitudinal analyses to understand evolving digital news consumption patterns.

Research paper thumbnail of News Coverage of US Withdrawal from Afghanistan: A Study of the Dawn, New York Post and Afghanistan Times (14th April - 31st August 2021)

Global foreign policies review, Mar 30, 2023

The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news c... more The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news coverage of Pakistani newspaper Dawn, U.S. newspaper New York Post and Afghanistan newspaper Afghanistan Times during the period 14th April to 31st August 2021 in accordance with their foreign policy.The purpose of the study how the newspapers of three major stakeholder countries cover the withdrawal in the light of their respective national interest. The interest of these countries differs from one another in terms of foreign policy. Media is the fourth pillar of the state; the media can be a great way to promote any policy.Agenda-setting theory and media framing theory plays an important role in giving importance to certain aspects of news and ignoring certain aspects according to the set agenda. A mixed methods approach combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used and three newspapers coverage was chosen. A total of 229 news were extracted. The results indicate that the news coverage contents of Pakistani, American, and Afghanistan newspapers are in accordance with their foreign policy. Results show each country’s media presents international issues pertaining to foreign policy in accordance with the national interest.

Research paper thumbnail of Technological Barriers Towards Online Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore

Pakistan journal of social research, Mar 31, 2023

The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic... more The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore" focused on the problems faced by the teachers in delivering their lectures and students while taking online classes because there is a major difference between having and having not. Many students have no access to technology, either they can't afford it or they live in such areas. This research used and conducted in-depth interviews of the stakeholders of the E-learning environment. The sample was women's universities in Lahore. The research topic highlights the major issues of teachers and students in learning online. In-depth social understanding is vital to apprehending the crisis and charting a path forward. Universities need to cope with modern-day formalities and standards. There is a need to correctly identify which courses can be taught online and should take steps to enhance their technological and infrastructural capacity. Keywords: Online Education, COVID-19, Teachers, Students, Digital Literacy

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Analysis of the Portrayal of PPPP, PML (N) and PTI in Pakistani Print Media during Democratic Tenure of PPPP

Global political review, Sep 30, 2020

Media influence on politics has always been a debatable subject due to its immense potential. Med... more Media influence on politics has always been a debatable subject due to its immense potential. Media is regarded as the "fourth estate" of the nation, and the role of traditional media in the political arena is indispensable. The agenda-setting by newspapers plays a pivotal part in forming the image of a political party. This study is an exertion to examine the leading English and Urdu newspapers (Dawn, The News, Jang, Nawa-i-Waqt) of Pakistan to find out the portrayal given to PPPP, PML-N and PTI during PPPP's five-year (2008-2013) regime. By employing the content analysis method, findings indicate that PML-N was given the maximum editorial and news coverage regarding the important national issues, whereas PPPP got the second most frequent coverage. PPPP was presented in an unfavourable manner, and PLM-N was given the least negative reportage. Results of the study revealed that English and Urdu newspapers adopted a supportive stance towards PML (N).

Research paper thumbnail of Social Media and Strategic Communication: Uses and Preferences of the Politicians of Pakistan

Global political review, Sep 30, 2020

Social media has got a major share in our personal as well as professional communication because ... more Social media has got a major share in our personal as well as professional communication because of its easy accessibility and highly interactive nature. Facebook and Twitter can be used as important tool to mobilize groups to take some action (Shirky, 2008, p. 184). It has been observed that political leaders in Pakistan use social media to connect with the audience, but no research has been conducted in this regard so far. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to find which platform does the political actors of Pakistan prefer to disseminate information and in which medium they believe more. Furthermore, this study also looks into the popularity graph of the politicians, whether the use of social media has increased their popularity or not. To fulfil the objectives of the study, the survey was conducted among the members of national and provincial assemblies (2013-2018). With the help of findings, it was concluded that the majority of the politicians in Pakistan prefer Facebook over Twitter when they want to share any information, which is unlike the scenario around the globe.

Research paper thumbnail of Social Media as a Mediator in Political Communication: A Literature Review to Explore its Effects on Users

Global political review, Jun 30, 2020

The modes of communication have been evolving, and in the 21st century, we live in a digital worl... more The modes of communication have been evolving, and in the 21st century, we live in a digital world. The world is connected via the internet, and social media has become an integral part of individual life. This paper explores the effects of social media mediation on its users in the context of political communication. The effects range from an individual's political participation to initiating a political movement. The effects are studied in the light of existing literature. Social media has transformed political discussion and debate. It has brought the elite public sphere to the screens of an average citizen. The voicing of dissident opinions is possible under the freedom of expression provided by social media. Individual and collective political views are influenced by social media. It is an exploratory study that aims to unveil various aspects of social media mediation so that they can be further researched upon.

Research paper thumbnail of Portrayal of Political Parties in English Newspapers during the General Elections 2008 in Pakistan

Global political review, Dec 30, 2020

This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pak... more This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pakistan during the general elections of 2008. The media's importance during the process of elections becomes manifold as it can frame the image of politicians and political parties. Comparative analysis of the leading political parties of Pakistan, including PPPP, PMLN and PTI, in the two English dailies-Dawn and The News was done. This paper examined the frequency and direction of editorials and front-page news stories that were published on leading political parties from 18th January 2008 to 18th March 2008. Along with the content analysis method, theoretical postulates of agenda-setting were employed to explore English newspapers' depiction of political parties during general elections 2008. Findings revealed that a maximum number of news and editorials were published on PPPP, but it was portrayed in a negative manner. The English print media adopted a supportive tilt towards PMLN by giving it a positive portrayal during the general election of 2008.

Research paper thumbnail of Digital Revolution and its Impact on Working Women of Pakistan

Global mass communication review, Dec 30, 2020

In this era of advancement and digitalization, active use of social media and online services has... more In this era of advancement and digitalization, active use of social media and online services has become an integral part of life. Today, educated working women of Pakistan use Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, YouTube, Uber, Daraz, Foodpanda, Tinder and many other applications and online services without any social hurdle. Online socialization has opened up some new financial and social opportunities for working women in Pakistan, making them more confident and independent than in the past. This study is an effort to examine the changes brought by the digital revolution in the lives of working women of Pakistan and to highlight its impact. Under the umbrella of uses and gratification theory and using in-depth interview method, findings indicate that using different digital platforms has become the personal and professional need of working women in Pakistan, and this digitalization has entirely changed their everyday routine.

Research paper thumbnail of Youth Philanthropy: A Study Towards Redefining Youth Philanthropy in Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Social Research

The research work is focused on youth philanthropy in Pakistan. On the ways through which youth i... more The research work is focused on youth philanthropy in Pakistan. On the ways through which youth is doing productive work for the welfare of the people, youth is participating or doing those acts that help the people. Youth Philanthropy is that thing which youngsters do to make their general surroundings a superior spot. Youth can do this in many ways, by volunteering their services or by fulfilling someone, financial aid and so much more. The aspects of youth philanthropy like donation, contribution, volunteering, and other beneficial activities have been found in this research work. This research also mentioned the course of action by which youth are taking part in philanthropy. The researcher used a Qualitative research method and in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection. The population was the youth, and the selected sample was the youth philanthropists of Lahore. Keywords: Philanthropy, Volunteer, Welfare.

Research paper thumbnail of News Coverage of US Withdrawal from Afghanistan: A Study of the Dawn, New York Post and Afghanistan Times (14th April - 31st August 2021)

Global Foreign Policies Review

The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news c... more The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news coverage of Pakistani newspaper Dawn, U.S. newspaper New York Post and Afghanistan newspaper Afghanistan Times during the period 14th April to 31st August 2021 in accordance with their foreign policy.The purpose of the study how the newspapers of three major stakeholder countries cover the withdrawal in the light of their respective national interest. The interest of these countries differs from one another in terms of foreign policy. Media is the fourth pillar of the state; the media can be a great way to promote any policy.Agenda-setting theory and media framing theory plays an important role in giving importance to certain aspects of news and ignoring certain aspects according to the set agenda. A mixed methods approach combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used and three newspapers coverage was chosen. A total of 229 news were extracted. The results indicate...

Research paper thumbnail of Pakistani Private TV News Channels' Coverage to Military Operation 'Zarb-e-Azb': A Comparative Analysis of the Viewers' Perception

Global Strategic & Securities Studies Review

The military operations have exacted serious effects on the socio-psychological structure of soci... more The military operations have exacted serious effects on the socio-psychological structure of society which has led to an overall tense environment. The aim of this study was to explore the public's perspective on Pakistani private TV news channels' coverage of military operation ‘Zarb-e-Azb’. The research sought to understand the public's consumption habits of this coverage, assess the extent to which it fostered a sense of national integration and examine the media's role during the operation. The results showed that the private TV news channels made an effort to portray the ground battle accurately. From the viewers' perspective, the coverage boosted the Pakistani military's morale, improved relations between civil and military groups, and fostered a sense of national unity. Furthermore, viewers believed that the operation effectively eliminated terrorism.

Research paper thumbnail of Technological Barriers Towards Online Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore

Pakistan Journal of Social Research

The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic... more The research topic "Technological Barriers towards Online Teaching during COVID- 19 Pandemic: A Study of Women Universities of Lahore" focused on the problems faced by the teachers in delivering their lectures and students while taking online classes because there is a major difference between having and having not. Many students have no access to technology, either they can't afford it or they live in such areas. This research used and conducted in-depth interviews of the stakeholders of the E-learning environment. The sample was women's universities in Lahore. The research topic highlights the major issues of teachers and students in learning online. In-depth social understanding is vital to apprehending the crisis and charting a path forward. Universities need to cope with modern-day formalities and standards. There is a need to correctly identify which courses can be taught online and should take steps to enhance their technological and infrastructural capacity...

Research paper thumbnail of Role of New Media in Promotion of Tourism: An Analysis of Faisalabad’s Youth Perception

Pakistan journal of social research, Dec 31, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Psychosocial Correlates of Profile Pictures Editing and Perceived Self-Image, Body Satisfaction Among Social Media Consumers

Pakistan Journal of Social Research

This study entails the notion of studying the psychosocial correlates of variations and modificat... more This study entails the notion of studying the psychosocial correlates of variations and modifications that social media users tend to carry out at the time of uploading and sharing their profile pictures. The In literature review researcher discuses the descriptive account of the academic current state of affairs with regard to the social networking profile picture uploaded by an individual being online. The study is important because it inspects one of the crucial imperative involving individual’s psyches behind changing and choosing variety of profile pies and in order to present them online. Researcher observes the psychosocial factors that lie behind influencing the social media users to change and edit their profile picture including the gender- based considerations. Moreover, study also observes the relationship of picture editing and interest of social media users with photography. For this purpose, a sample of 100 university students had been taken to fill the seven-likert s...

Research paper thumbnail of Portrayal of Political Parties in English Newspapers during the General Elections 2008 in Pakistan

Global Political Review, 2020

This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pak... more This research aims to explore the portrayal of political parties in the English newspapers of Pakistan during the general elections of 2008. The media's importance during the process of elections becomes manifold as it can frame the image of politicians and political parties. Comparative analysis of the leading political parties of Pakistan, including PPPP, PMLN and PTI, in the two English dailies - Dawn and The News was done. This paper examined the frequency and direction of editorials and front-page news stories that were published on leading political parties from 18th January 2008 to 18th March 2008. Along with the content analysis method, theoretical postulates of agenda-setting were employed to explore English newspapers' depiction of political parties during general elections 2008. Findings revealed that a maximum number of news and editorials were published on PPPP, but it was portrayed in a negative manner. The English print media adopted a supportive tilt towards ...